The change from Fordist to Post-Fordist production and employment systems typically correlates with a more outcome-oriented management of individual and collective performance. This article aims to develop a critical perspective on the implementation of these performance management systems. In particular, the significance and the change of performance norms and standards will be analyzed and acknowledged. Our central premise is that the more the norms and standards of job performance are downgraded and replaced by a demand for specific performance outcome, the more anomic tendencies in organizations will increase. Anomie, as growing weakness of workplace norms and standards, is among some of the unintenional and paradoxical of the new performance management. It bears the danger to undermine some necessary organizational requirements of job performance and over the long run, results in a normative destabilization of organizations.

In the last decades, several research studies have been executed on the key factors that influence school effectiveness. Taking state of the art literature into account, six broad areas can been identified: student, home, school and leadership, curricula, teachers and teaching/learning approaches. As part of the area of school and leadership, the overarching topic of performance management has been empirically tested to be an effective strategy for improving student outcomes. The role of organizational performance metrics and monitoring cannot be overstated as a success factor of an organization because they affect strategic, tactical and operational planning in setting objectives, evaluating performance, and determining future courses of action. Consequently, the research project at hand aims to analyze, as a first step, the interrelation between the use of technology and performance monitoring and, as a second step, the impact of these management practices on the organizational effectiveness of schools. For that, an online survey is sent to about 20.000 principals in Germany. Statistical analysis will be conducted.

In this paper, we introduce a framework for the adaptive control of universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) networks in order to improve bandwidth utilization of the radio channels. The key contribution of the paper constitutes the introduction of a performance management information base for dynamically adjusting the packet scheduler and admission controller. Thus, the adaptive control framework closes the loop between network operation and network control. Furthermore, the adaptive control framework can effectively deal with the different time scales of packet scheduling and admission control. Moreover, we present a traffic model for non-real-time UMTS traffic based on measured trace data. The analysis and scaling process of the measured trace data with respect to different UMTS bandwidth classes constitutes the basic concept of this traffic characterization. Using this traffic model and simulation on the IP level, the gain of employing the adaptive control framework is illustrated by performance curves for various quality of service measures.

At present, Chinese auto companies face many opportunities and challenges when they enter overseas markets. How to determine a clear and appropriate overseas development strategy and implement it effectively is of great significance for Chinese auto companies to correctly realize the development of overseas markets and realize the development of China's auto industry. Based on the global automotive market, this paper analyzes their strategies by analyzing the precedents of Chinese auto companies entering overseas markets, comprehensively considering the choice of targets, markets and periods, and helping Chinese auto companies to choose their overseas strategies in light of their own development status. At the same time, by comparing the strategies of domestic and foreign well-known automobile companies to explore overseas markets, I summarize the suggestions on how to formulate overseas development strategies for auto companies at different stages of development. At the same time, this paper compares and analyzes the strategic choices of well-known automobile companies at home and abroad when expanding overseas markets, and considers how to apply enterprise resources to the strategy according to the objective environment of the target market at different stages of enterprise development. Finally,...

The purpose of this research study was to explore how district officials monitor and provide support to teachers through the effective implementation of the Integrated Quality Management System (IQMS) in South African public schools. Through the utilization of a qualitative case study approach, and guided by a theoretical framework of “performative society”, the study attempted to provide a glimpse of how district officials carry out their responsibilities. Among others, by monitoring and providing necessary support to teachers in order to address various developmental needs as identified during the IQMS implementation cycles at institutional level. Data collection was a mix of semi-structured interviews, observations, field notes and a researcher journal. The major findings emanating from this study were six fold: First, district officials were very conversant with the policy imperatives of the ELRC Resolution 8 of 2003 that deals with the implementation of IQMS in public schools. Second, the study revealed a sense of despair and hopelessness on the side of educators because of evident absence of district officials’ provision of support, particularly during the IQMS cyclic implementation process. Third, while school based educators understood the principles, purposes and procedures of IQMS fully well, they were still struggling to translate theory into practice. Fourth, lack of proper planning in schools hindered the effective implementation of IQMS. Fifth, lack of special incentives for the SDTs. And sixth, is lack of resources in some public schools, as well as the attitude of teachers and school managers towards the implementation of IQMS in schools. These factors, the study revealed, were cited as reasons impeding the effective implementation of IQMS in public schools. Copyright / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Humanities Education / Unrestricted

Time is in control of our everyday life and work life. Time is a valuable resource of which everyone possesses the same amount. In work life, time is important; it rules the workday and the tasks that are being performed. Time is even more significant within the consultancy industry, where worked time and competence is what is being delivered to the customers. Since time is of great importance for consulting firms, time management systems and time reporting become a crucial part of a consultant’s day. IT consulting firms spend lots of time and money on business systems, despite this the area of how time management and performance management are connected is relatively unexplored. This report aims to contribute to an enhanced understanding regarding why consultancy firms work with time management, and how data from time management systems could be used. The study will also investigate how the employees could be motivated to use the time management system in the extent that the managers wish, as well as important requirements on data from the time management system. These questions can together give answer to how time management can be aligned with performance management within an IT consultancy firm. The report is based on 14 interviews performed at five different IT consulting firms in the Stockholm area, a participant observation conducted at one of the participating companies, as well as a literature review. The study was performed during the spring of 2013. The study found that the main reason for IT consultant firms to report time is to gain decision support for invoices and salary payments. Being able to see overtime and flextime is something that is appreciated by the employees. Other identified areas of usage are forecasts and estimates, evaluations and follow-ups, utilization rate calculations, and employee care. Regular follow-ups, preferable weekly, are necessary for motivating the employees to work with time management. It is also important that the time management system is easy to use in order for it to generate relevant decision support. The study shows that to implement a successful time management strategy, the following aspects should be considered: (i) to not measure too much, (ii) to have clear communication and weekly deadlines, (iii) to make it simple, (iv) to create awareness among the employees, and (v) to have a time management system that mutually benefits the managers and the employees.

Thesis (MPAM.) -- University of Limpopo, 2020 / The purpose of the study was to investigate the causes of underachievement on the annual performance plan targets in the Limpopo Department of Basic Education Head Office, and to identify possible strategies to improve the current situation. The study was guided by three objectives and secondary data were analysed to answer the research question. This study utilised a qualitative research design as it allowed the researcher to identify and develop procedures necessary to undertake this study. The study used secondary data, a desktop study to investigate the causes of underachievement in the Limpopo Department of Basic Education. Literature points out that strategic planning affects all organisations and it is considered to be the most complicated stage in the strategic management processes as it requires discipline, commitment and sacrifice. If desired goals are not achieved as planned, the organisation might be doomed to failure. The researcher managed to achieve the objectives of the study. Based on the findings of the study, underachievement on annual performance plan targets is influenced by the following major factors. The study points out that, Firstly, that lack of monitoring and support followed by insufficient budget allocated to programmes’ implementation contribute to underachievement of planned targets. Secondly, lack of commitment from top management have an impact on achievement planned targets. Finally, budget is not allocated according to the needs, inadequate leadership to oversee implementation of plans and high vacancy rate contribute to underachievement on the planned targets. In conclusion, the Departmental performance plan and individual performance plan should be directly linked to ensure improved performance and quality service to the public. Based on the findings of this study it is therefore recommended that firstly, the department should strengthen alignment of budget and plans of the department to ensure successful implementation of programmes, secondly, capacity building and skills development programmes should be enhanced to ensure a skilled workforce and improved performance.

This thesis explores the components of the MCSs in use by two Albanian Mobile Operators AMC and Eagle. The methodology used is that of multiple case studies; the study is interpretative, analyzing qualitative data, and has an inductive approach. There are three MCS frameworks used the Object of Control (Merchant and Van der Stede 2007), Control Package (Malmi and Brown 2008) and Performance Management Systems (Otley and Ferreira 2009). The empirical findings were gathered by using semi-structured interviews. Both managerial and non-managerial staff were interviewed according to their areas of expertise in MCSs. The findings suggest that the MCSs used by the two operators are highly structured as per the three frameworks, that AMC does not use any well known model (such as BSC, Tableau de Bord, Performance Prism etc.), whereas Eagle uses a customized BSC, and that the strategies of each of the companies are translated into action through the respective MCSs.

Organizational performance in the healthcare field is of great interest for many stakeholders. Efficient use of resources and delivery of high quality of care should be relevant to any taxpayer hoping to live healthily and grow old in Sweden. Simultaneously, the working conditions for the employees need to be sustainable if the impending lack of 170 000 workers in the healthcare sector by the year of 2030 is to be mitigated (Statistiska centralbyrån, 2012). The scope of this study is to examine how the quality management systems applied to ensure and improve the aforementioned objectives are perceived by the individual employees. Specifically, practitioners in the nursing professions are enquired about the design principles of enabling control as described by Adler and Borys (1996). The study has utilized a quantitative methodology and an online survey to collect personal perceptions and experiences from 400 individuals in the nursing professions on this topic. Major findings are that the majority of the respondents state that they perceive three out of four of the design principles of an enabling system to be present in the quality management system at their workplace. In addition, there is a strong association between the perception of the enabling characteristics flexibility and repair and general job satisfaction. Further studies with larger samples would increase the statistical power of these correlations. In addition, a large proportion of the respondents perceive that the quality management processes is negatively affected by financial constraints. Only a minority of the respondents perceive the workload constituted by tasks connected to quality management as reasonable.

Using a cross-sectional sample of 94 medium to large-sized manufacturing organisations in Iran, this study utilised cluster, regression, and gap analyses to study the relationships among extent of use, predictive value, and information availability for 63 performance measures. Based on the results, it appears that the studied Iranian manufacturing organisations do not overemphasise financial measures at the expense of other important performance measures related to the competitive, strategic environment, operational efficiency, and the human resource development. The Iranian executives appear to overlook the innovation aspects of organisational performance. The implications of this research are highlighted in relation to the findings and the conclusions. The conceptual framework in Figure 1 is offered for future research, which deals with performance management and its interaction with the economic and cultural facets.