This thesis addresses the following question: What is the role of judicial training (JT) and performance appraisal (PA) in the organizational reform of judiciaries? The research studies the effects of various JT and PA mechanisms upon models of judicial organization. In light of the great diversity of judicial systems and variable configurations of JT and PA, the research strategy is twofold: First, the study focuses on the judiciaries of Chile and England and Wales being representatives of contrasting judicial organizational traditions. Second, I use typologies of judicial organization to focus on the main organizational aspects of judiciaries only, reducing the complexity of multidimensional analysis. After critically reviewing existing typologies of judicial organization, the thesis argues that these analytical constructs cannot fully explain contemporary changes in judiciaries, owing to their one-sided focus upon authority as a central organizational dimension. Rather, the thesis highlights the importance of the values and beliefs implicit in JT and PA arrangements in the normative evolution of the two judiciaries. The research employs a grounded theory methodology to uncover the organizational variables that underpin JT and PA arrangements in the two contexts, using them to develop a new typology, and to explain the role of these mechanisms in the organization of judiciaries. The empirical data shows that JT and PA bear normative content that can influence the reform of judiciaries. The functioning of these mechanisms also expresses different conceptions of authority, organizational cultures, and levels and types of formalization. The thesis proposes an organizational typology to analyse the role of JT and PA in changes to judicial organization. The results help to: 1) explain reforms in judicial organizational models; 2) understand how JT and PA contribute to such processes of change, and 3) highlight the relevance of the type of formalization for the normative analysis of the resulting organizational models.

Thesis (MPA.) --University of Limpopo, 2009. / Human Resource Development (Employer)

<p> </p><p>Forskning inom området efterlyser nya sätt att möta anställdas behov av kompetensutveckling på en mer föränderlig arbetsmarknad. Rapporten syftar till att undersöka chefers erfarenhet av och syn på utvecklingssamtal som de håller med anställda. Detta för att studera utvecklingssamtalets koppling till kompetensutveckling av personal. I studien har fem chefer med ansvar för utvecklingssamtal intervjuats. Studien är genomförd med kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer. I studien framkommer att syftet med utvecklingssamtal i första hand är att få en effektivare verksamhet. Utvecklingssamtalet antas leda till det genom att medarbetarna får en chans att samtala med chefen i lugn och ro. Kompetensutveckling uppfattas som viktigt och något som skall diskuteras i utvecklingssamtalet men svårt att verkligen genomföra i det dagliga arbetet. Utvecklingssamtalet ses inte som rätt arena för att tillgodose individens behov av samtal kring sin egen karriärutveckling.</p> / <p> </p><p>Research in this area calls for new ways to meet employees' needs in competence development in a more changeable labour market. The report aims to examine manager's experiences with, and view on the performance appraisal dialogues held with employees. This is done to study the performance appraisal in connection to competence development of employees. Five managers with performance appraisal responsibilities have been interviewed. The study is done with a qualitative method by semi-structured interviews. The study shows that the main purpose with performance appraisals is to achieve a more efficient work place. It is assumed to lead to this by giving the employee a chance to talk to the manager under calm and private circumstances. The competence development is seen as important and as something that should be discussed in the performance appraisal, though difficult to accomplish in the daily work. The performance appraisal is not perceived as the right arena to meet the individuals need for dialogue regarding their own career developments.</p>

The purpose of this study is to explore the performance appraisal practice in Qidi, and suggest in what way Qidi should go in performance appraisal in the future. The result shows that there are some problems in Qidi’s performance appraisal, management. Thereby, the suggestions are that Qidi should establish a standard performance appraisal system, create a formal control system, and keep the process transparent in appraisal.

In this age of variation and renovation, enterprise internationalization dominates the competition of enterprises. Confronted by keen competition, pursuing of sustainable management and development and promoting competitive superiority, the enterprises often adopt human resource management to inspire employees with hope to achieve and exceed the expectation of the organization. However, performance appraisal and compensation system are highly valued by the employees in human resource management. As for compensation system, the employees would measure the difference between what they actually acquire and what they expect to acquire and react on how much they identify with the organization and on their performance as well. This research aims at understanding how the below factors, performance appraisal cognition, compensation system cognition and personality traits influence the organizational commitment under the mediating effect of organizational justice. A questionnaire investigation was adopted in this research. Accessible population targeted on companies defined as honorary trainers of SMEs by Small and Medium Enterprise Administration in Ministry of Economic Affairs. Totally there are 500 questionnaires sent out of which 236 samples are retrieved. Weeding out 6 shares of ineffective ones without complete filling-in, there are 230 effective samples. Exploratory factor analysis, multiple regression analysis and path analysis methods are applied in the analysis and the result is as the following: 1¡BAmong performance appraisal cognition, compensation system cognition and organizational justice presents positive influence. 2¡BBetween organizational justice and organizational commitment presents positive influence. 3¡BBetween performance appraisal cognition and organizational commitment presents positive influence. 4¡BBetween compensation system cognition and organizational commitment presents positive influence. 5¡BIn addition to direct positive influence on organizational commitment, performance appraisal cognition also affects it via mediating effect of organizational justice. 6¡BIn addition to direct positive influence on organizational commitment, compensation system cognition also affects it via mediating effect of organizational justice.

Forskning inom området efterlyser nya sätt att möta anställdas behov av kompetensutveckling på en mer föränderlig arbetsmarknad. Rapporten syftar till att undersöka chefers erfarenhet av och syn på utvecklingssamtal som de håller med anställda. Detta för att studera utvecklingssamtalets koppling till kompetensutveckling av personal. I studien har fem chefer med ansvar för utvecklingssamtal intervjuats. Studien är genomförd med kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer. I studien framkommer att syftet med utvecklingssamtal i första hand är att få en effektivare verksamhet. Utvecklingssamtalet antas leda till det genom att medarbetarna får en chans att samtala med chefen i lugn och ro. Kompetensutveckling uppfattas som viktigt och något som skall diskuteras i utvecklingssamtalet men svårt att verkligen genomföra i det dagliga arbetet. Utvecklingssamtalet ses inte som rätt arena för att tillgodose individens behov av samtal kring sin egen karriärutveckling. / Research in this area calls for new ways to meet employees' needs in competence development in a more changeable labour market. The report aims to examine manager's experiences with, and view on the performance appraisal dialogues held with employees. This is done to study the performance appraisal in connection to competence development of employees. Five managers with performance appraisal responsibilities have been interviewed. The study is done with a qualitative method by semi-structured interviews. The study shows that the main purpose with performance appraisals is to achieve a more efficient work place. It is assumed to lead to this by giving the employee a chance to talk to the manager under calm and private circumstances. The competence development is seen as important and as something that should be discussed in the performance appraisal, though difficult to accomplish in the daily work. The performance appraisal is not perceived as the right arena to meet the individuals need for dialogue regarding their own career developments.

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The civil servant are those who work for government by laws and get official salary. To improve the efficiency and honesty of the civil servant, the government should evaluate their performances and results, and conduct the following personnel affairs according to that. In order to improve the effect of the performance appraisal system, the Examination Yuan tried to revise the Law of Performance Appraisal of Civil Servant based on the modern management system. However, this caused dissenting view and objection from most of the civil servant. As a matter of fact, we already had the system of performance appraisal on officials since Tang-Yu dynasty and it kept changing and revising through dynasties. In spite the republic government closed the agelong emperor reigning system, the management of the huge bureaucrat body still inherit the way used before, not breaking down from this changing. Therefore, when the Examination Yuan, just considering the effect of performance appraisal, changed the performance appraisal system directly without thinking about the historical and cultural nature of existing way, it can¡¦t avoid the questioning and opposing from the civil servant. Therefore, this study, from the viewpoint of the historical and cultural nature, researches the sameness and differences of performance appraisal system between current and ancient times, with which it further compares the outlook and method of performance management. In the final part, it discusses the meaning of the existence of performance appraisal system of the civil servant.

The introduction of a new appraisal system has been seen as a common practice for firms to map its strategic goals and organizational objectives. Such a practice can be seen as a kind of organizational change. Previous studies on the introduction of new appraisal system tend to adopt a cross-sectional approach to examine the effect of the new appraisal system from various dimensions. In the mean time, how the new appraisal system is forming and how the member of organizations affect the shaping of the appraisal system are basically neglected. In order to fill this gap, this research adopted a longitudinal perspective to examine how a sub-business unit (SBU) of L Company introduced a new appraisal system. We particularly concerns how this new appraisal system is shaping, why the leader of this SBU introduced a new appraisal system, how employees react to the introduction of this new system, how leaders and employees perceive the change of the appraisal system. A grounded approach was implemented to explore the introduction process of this new appraisal system. Action research was used as the main research method. Information was collected from the participation of the introduction of the new appraisal system based on interview, observation, field log, and internal data of the firm. In this study, we find that the introduction of new appraisal system was driven by the change of external environment and the motivation of the leader of the SBU. Additionally, employees would resist the change of the new appraisal system. Such a resistance was caused by the change of routine, the perception of the reasonability and the sense of equities. The new appraisal system, in essence, was the outcome of the communication between the leader and the employees of this SBU. At last, leader and employees viewed appraisal system differently. The leader saw the new appraisal system as a means to realize strategies, while employees tended to perceive the change of appraisal system as a punishment.

Paper industry in Taiwan is mainly focused on domestic demand. Its production and sales not only are related to economic growth but also serve as an index of a nation¡¦s economic situation. Due to the business model of this industry, production line workers compose the majority of employees of the enterprise. So production supervisors play a very important role in the effectiveness of first-line worker management and improvement of operation procedures. Therefore, production supervisors in Taiwan paper industry are focused as the subject of this research. The purpose of this study is to propose, by applying Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), an approach to construct Performance Evaluation Indicators and weights. Specific suggestions for the construction and modification of Performance Appraisal system for paper industry in Taiwan will also be made. The research method includes literature review and references made to industrial practice, by which performance appraisal criteria for production supervisors were drafted. Further, expert survey on the evaluation system in use was carried out among members of Taiwan Paper Industry Association. Based on the data gathered from the questionnaire survey, analysis of importance and the AHP approach were applied to construct the structure and weights of the Performance Appraisal Criteria for production supervisors. Also, validation was made in a manufacture of the paper industry. Empirical examination supports the practicality and fitness of the structure of this Performance Evaluation System. Finally, analysis results were concluded into suggestions for administrative practice and future studies. Findings of this research are as follows: I. Performance Appraisal Criteria and weights The Performance Appraisal Criteria includes the following three constructs: 1. Work achievement (Weight : 0.4092) ; 2. Professional capacity (Weight : 0.3383); 3. Work behavior and attitude (Weight : 0.2525). II. Secondary Performance Appraisal Criteria and weights 1. ¡§Work achievement¡¨ construct includes the following 6 items: (1) Occupational safety (Weight: 0.1598); (2) Product quality (Weight: 0.0739); (3) Cost control (Weight: 0.0536); (4) Discipline (Weight: 0.0409); (5) Production capacity (Weight: 0.0408); (6) Equipment utilization efficiency (Weight: 0.0400). ¡@2. ¡§Professional capacity¡¨ construct includes 6 items: (1) Executive skills (Weight : 0.0549); (2) Leadership (Weight : 0.0512); (3) Resourcefulness (Weight : 0.0423); (4) Professional knowledge and skills (Weight : 0.0404); (5) Interpersonal relationship skills (Weight : 0.0323); (6) Strategy-making (Weight : 0.0314). ¡@3. ¡§Work behavior and attitude¡¨ construct has 7 sub-items: (1) Teamwork and cooperation (Weight 0.0676); (2) Integrity (Weight 0.0577); (3) Responsibility (Weight 0.0545); (4) Proactivity (Weight 0.0439); (5) Cost-consciousness (Weight 0.0434); (6) Professional attitude (Weight 0.0403); (7) Self-control (Weight 0.0309).