Esta dissertação propõe um projeto de aerogerador que é composto de uma turbina eólica de cinco pás, acoplada a um difusor e um gerador elétrico, com a finalidade de gerar energia elétrica com ventos de velocidade a partir de 4 m/s. São apresentados os pressupostos teóricos referentes ao estudo e dimensionamento aerodinâmico de uma pá, baseados principalmente na teoria do disco atuador e na teoria aerodinâmica, através do método de Betz. É feito o estudo de um difusor para ser acoplado à turbina com o objetivo de aumentar o aproveitamento energético. No final foram estudadas as principais topologias utilizadas para a geração eólica e é selecionado o gerador síncrono de ímãs permanentes. A seguir foram estudadas e dimensionadas as partes ativas do gerador (diretamente envolvidas na conversão eletromagnética). É projetado um aerogerador trifásico com enrolamentos distribuídos. O rotor, que é acoplado às pás, localiza-se internamente. Os ímãs permanentes de Neodímio-Boro-Ferro são montados na superfície do rotor. Conclui-se com a avaliação do aerogerador proposto com base nas simulações computacionais de seu desempenho. / This thesis proposes a wind generator design which combines a five blade wind turbine that is attached to a diffuser and an electrical generator. The design aims to produce electric power from 4 m/s starting wind speeds. It presents the theoretical study concerning the design and aerodynamics of a blade, commonly based on the theory of actuator disc and aerodynamic theory, through the method of Betz. A study was conducted on a diffuser to be coupled to the turbine in order to increase the energy utilization. In the end, the main topologies used for wind generation were presented, and the permanent magnet synchronous generator was selected. Next, all the active parts of the generator (directly involved in electromagnetic conversion) were studied and determined. An outer stator with three-phase distributed windings was designed. The rotor, which is coupled to the blades, is located internally. The Neodymium-Iron-Boron permanent magnets are mounted on the rotor surface. It is concluded with an evaluation of the proposed wind generator in accordance with its behavior computational simulations.

Esta dissertação propõe um projeto de aerogerador que é composto de uma turbina eólica de cinco pás, acoplada a um difusor e um gerador elétrico, com a finalidade de gerar energia elétrica com ventos de velocidade a partir de 4 m/s. São apresentados os pressupostos teóricos referentes ao estudo e dimensionamento aerodinâmico de uma pá, baseados principalmente na teoria do disco atuador e na teoria aerodinâmica, através do método de Betz. É feito o estudo de um difusor para ser acoplado à turbina com o objetivo de aumentar o aproveitamento energético. No final foram estudadas as principais topologias utilizadas para a geração eólica e é selecionado o gerador síncrono de ímãs permanentes. A seguir foram estudadas e dimensionadas as partes ativas do gerador (diretamente envolvidas na conversão eletromagnética). É projetado um aerogerador trifásico com enrolamentos distribuídos. O rotor, que é acoplado às pás, localiza-se internamente. Os ímãs permanentes de Neodímio-Boro-Ferro são montados na superfície do rotor. Conclui-se com a avaliação do aerogerador proposto com base nas simulações computacionais de seu desempenho. / This thesis proposes a wind generator design which combines a five blade wind turbine that is attached to a diffuser and an electrical generator. The design aims to produce electric power from 4 m/s starting wind speeds. It presents the theoretical study concerning the design and aerodynamics of a blade, commonly based on the theory of actuator disc and aerodynamic theory, through the method of Betz. A study was conducted on a diffuser to be coupled to the turbine in order to increase the energy utilization. In the end, the main topologies used for wind generation were presented, and the permanent magnet synchronous generator was selected. Next, all the active parts of the generator (directly involved in electromagnetic conversion) were studied and determined. An outer stator with three-phase distributed windings was designed. The rotor, which is coupled to the blades, is located internally. The Neodymium-Iron-Boron permanent magnets are mounted on the rotor surface. It is concluded with an evaluation of the proposed wind generator in accordance with its behavior computational simulations.

The number of electrical machines used in modern road-vehicles is continuously increasing to meet regulatory requirements regarding safety and efficiency, as well as consumer expectations in terms of comfort. For auxiliary applications, such as cooling fan or pumps, permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) are extensively used owing to their high power density. This thesis focuses on the modelling aspects of PMSMs, with a particular focus on finite-element and reduced-order models to be used in system-level simulations. 2-D and 3-D parametric finite-element (FE) models are developed, allowing to compute irreversible demagnetization in addition to the standard quantities such as torque, back electromotive force and flux-linkages. The effects of magnet overhang on the performance of an interior PMSM is briefly discussed. Using the FE model, a reduced-order lookup-table (LUT) based electromagnetic model, having similar accuracy as FE analysis, is then developed. Coupled to a mechanical state-space representation obtained from a modal FE analysis, the final model allows to compute electromagnetic induced vibrations under pulse width modulation supply. The validation of the complete workflow is carried out on a 12slot-10pole PMSM used to drive a cooling fan. After fitting the damping coefficient in the structural state-space model, the results are in agreement with the experimental results. Due to the usage of LUTs, the simulation time is low compared to a pure FE analysis. This allows the model to be used to optimize low noise control strategies. To conclude this thesis, the parametric FE model is used in an optimization routine to minimize the cost and vibrations of the motor, whilst satisfying the working points. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The main objective of the master`s thesis was to prove, if permanent magnet synchronous generator made by company JULI Motorenwerk s.r.o. could reach higher maximum active power with active rectifier than with six-pulse bridge rectifier. For this reason a mathematical model was made in Matlab/Simulink. The influence of the rectifiers with various kinds of loading was observed and compared by simulations on output variables, like line-to-line voltage and active power. The simulations were also compared with measurement.

The research for electric vehicles has been growing during last years and the development of electric drive trains can be considered a main challenge. This thesis presents the electric drive train of the research concept vehicle (RCV) 2013, with particular focus on electric machines, motor controllers, and the communication system. In the first part of this thesis, the electric drive train configuration and components are described. In-wheel motors are proposed which is a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). This technology allows the use of autonomous corner modules (ACM) increasing the quality and safety of the system. Each of the four in-wheel motors has a controller enabling the use of torque or speed control mode. Furthermore, a dSPACE unit provides the total control of the system by CAN bus. Additionally, the dSPACE ControlDesk interface used to control the drive system is presented. In the second part, the heat sink of the AC Drive is investigated by measurements and analytical calculations. Furthermore, the motor temperature at different loads is also presented and discussed. Finally, the efficiency of an in-wheel motor (PRA 230) is studied. Also the efficiency of the motor controller is estimated and discussed.

No description available.

This thesis demonstrates a practical implementation of a sensorless permanent magnet synchronousmotor (PMSM) drive for vehicle propulsion. The main design parameters and overall properties of themotor drive are derived for the case of an on-board electric powertrain as a substitute to the lift shuttle indownhill (DH) mountain biking.The theory behind field oriented control (FOC) for sensorless PMSMs is analyzed in some detail.Controller-inverter hardware and software are designed and prototyped in accordance with the deriveddesign parameters. Initial tuning and testing in a test bench environment is described. The powertrain isfinally installed on a test bike and tested on an incline. It is found that the performance of the controllerinvertercomplies with the target design parameters.

Traffic congestion in large urban and metropolitan areas is a substantial problem plaguing these areas. Not only are commuters losing valuable time, but greenhouse gas emissions are substantially worse because of congestion. Considerable research and development into next generation electrified aircraft is ongoing to introduce air mobility as a viable new means of transporting people and goods across long commutes. This development extends into commercial aviation as a whole as a means of reducing the industry’s carbon footprint with new aircraft designs that employ electrified propulsion systems. Many electrified aircraft projects are currently underway, ranging from small commuter aircraft all the way to large twin-aisle aircraft, and part of the development scope for alot of these projects is creating highly robust and power dense electric machines that replace the current state-of-the-art. The axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine is an exciting candidate for aircraft propulsion due to its exceptional torque density and compact axial nature. In this thesis, the mechanical design for three generations of axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines is discussed. These machines serve as development phase prototypes for machines that are ultimately intended for propulsion applications in commercial aviation, particularly for eVTOL aircraft. The motivation for electrification in the commercial aviation industry is discussed, followed by an overview of the development landscape for electrified propulsion systems in commercial aviation, focusing primarily on electric machines that are currently state-of-the-art or are set to be in the near future, as well as what is required for future electric machines in terms of power output and power density. The axial flux architecture is then presented, including a high-level comparison to the radial-flux architecture, an overview of the various axial flux machine designs and topologies, and a discussion of the inherent mechanical design challenges associated with the axial flux architecture. The yokeless and segmented armature axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine design was selected for the machines developed as part of the research for this thesis, and the discussion of the mechanical design of these machines is broken up into the two core sub assemblies: stator assembly and rotating assembly. High-level design methodologies are introduced for both sub-assemblies, which is further broken down into different approaches pertaining to each generation. The first and second generation designs are presented at a high level, followed by deep-dives into the complete mechanical design for the third generation stator, the bearing selection, arrangement, and analysis for the third generation rotating assembly, and adhesive characterization trials used to guide adhesive selection for rotor magnetics retention in the second and third generation machines. The current status of the machines and any outcomes from testing that has been conducted thus far, particularly with respect to performance, is presented at the end. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

No description available.

La disponibilité de certains capteurs est indispensable pour le contrôle des machines électriques dans une application automobile. Cette thèse constitue une contribution à l'étude d'une commande tolérante aux défauts pour un entraînement électrique dans le cadre du projet SOFRACI. Pour pallier une défaillance de ces capteurs, des stratégies sont mises en place pour assurer une continuité de fonctionnement ou un arrêt sûr. Dans le cas de la machine synchrone, les capteurs les plus critiques sont: le capteur de position, les capteurs de courant et le capteur de bus de tension continue. C'est dans ce contexte que l'on a développé des algorithmes de commande tolérante aux défauts avec successivement des étapes de détection, d'isolation et de reconfiguration. Ensuite, la validation expérimentale a été effectuée sur un banc composé d’une machine synchrone et d’un onduleur avec 3 ponts H conçus pour la propulsion d’un véhicule électrique. Ainsi les méthodes développées et qui s’appuient principalement sur la théorie du contrôle, sont évaluées expérimentalement à travers des injections de défauts en temps réel, avec un accent mis sur le temps nécessaire à la détection. / During the last decade, Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) has become an increasingly interesting topic in automotive industry. The operation of electrical drives is highly dependent on feedback sensors availability. With the aim of reaching the required level of availability in transportation applications, the drive is equipped with a DC voltage sensor, three current sensors (due to safety requirements in electric vehicle standards) and a position sensor. This PhD is a contribution to the study of an electrical drive fault tolerant control. The objective is to have a system, which can adaptively reorganizes itself at a sensor failure occurrence. Consequently, strategies are defined from the early preliminary design steps, so as to facilitate fault detection, fault isolation and control reconfiguration. To this purpose, our work goes from theoretical studies toward experimental validations through the model simulation using control theory.In this thesis, FTC algorithms are developed for the rotor position, the phase currents and DC link voltage sensors. The experimentally validation is perform with an electrical drive composed of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine and a 3H bridge inverter. Thus, the developed methods are evaluated experimentally through real time fault injection, with an emphasis on the detection time.