Personal data protection is a very today's topic, which affects every aspect of our public life. With the increasing amount of data one shares in connection to social relationships, there is also an increasing interference in one's private life. Therefore there is an increasing probability that these personal data can be misused. The aim of this essay is to point out the importance of this topic and to explain, how this issue is referred to from the legal point of view. Further and even more to this matter, it will show how the rule of law translates into everyday situations. Based on the factual life experiences, this assignment should serve as a basic guide of helpful advice and suggestions, which one should to a point observe.

This diploma thesis deals with the topic of personal data protection, and focuses particularly on the duties of the data controller, which also largely apply to the employer as the controller of the personal data of the employees. The diploma thesis builds primarily on the legal regulation of personal data protection contained in GDPR, while in some sections, a comparison with the previously effective personal data protection legislation is included. The objective of this diploma thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview of fundamental personal data protection institutes from the data controller's point of view with a focus on the analysis of some of the obligations which has been newly introduced by GDPR. The diploma thesis is divided into four chapters, which are further divided into a relatively high number of subchapters. The first chapter contains a historical overview of legislation on personal data protection at the international and European (European Union) level as well as national levels. The second chapter defines the fundamental terms related to personal data protection which are used in GDPR, such as personal data, data subject, data controller and processor, recipient of the personal data or personal data processing. The third chapter discusses the fundamental principles relating...

Personal data protection under the law of European Union ABSTRACT The diploma thesis discusses the legal regulation of personal data protection under the European Union law with focus on the rights of data subjects, i.e. natural persons whose personal data are being processed. The aim of the thesis is to compare the current legal regulation of the rights of data subjects (directive on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data) with the legal regulation with forthcoming effectiveness (GDPR) with focus on the issue how the new legal regulation dealt with the problems for which the Directive has been criticised and how it dealt with problematic parts of the regulation of the rights of data subjects. The diploma thesis consists of five parts including the introduction, the conclusion and three chapters of the own text. The chapter one contains the introduction to the field of personal data protection, including the brief history of the development of personal data protection, and it is further divided into the sub-chapters where the primary and secondary law concerning personal data protection in the European Union and its development are introduced. The human rights context of personal data protection is also discussed in this chapter....

The Cadastre of Real estate has relied on a principle of formal publicity for a long time since the Cadastre integrates functions of both land registry and land cadastre. According to some authors, unfettered access to information in the Cadastre is the only possible way to meet its purpose. Such idea is in a violation of a right to privacy and personal data protection that were accepted as fundamental human rights, therefore I am convinced that there exists a necessity to find an equity between the value of privacy and the principle of formal publicity. The diploma thesis deals with contemporary legislation of Cadastre's publicity as well as its prior regulation. Every single important amendment concerning publicity is followed by a comment where I try to criticize it objectively with regard to the personal data protection. The first part of the thesis consists of a description of what a cadastre is and what the word means, history of land registry and land cadastres in the context of predecessors of the Czech Republic and finally the Cadastre of Real estate of the Czech Republic. There is a short section categorizing the principle of formal publicity among other principles applied to the Cadastre at the end of the part as well. The second part explains in general the value of privacy along with...

La production d’énergie, et en particulier la production d’électricité, est la principale responsable de l’émission de gaz à effet de serre au niveau mondial. Le secteur résidentiel étant le plus consommateur d’énergie, il est essentiel d’agir au niveau personnel afin de réduire ces émissions. Avec le développement de l’informatique ubiquitaire, il est désormais aisé de récolter des données de consommation d’électricité des appareils électriques d’un logement. Cette possibilité a permis le développement des technologies eco-feedback, dont l’objectif est de fournir aux consommateurs un retour sur leur consommation dans le but de la diminuer. Dans cette thèse nous proposons une méthode de visualisation de données temporelles personnelles basée sur une interaction what if, qui signifie que les utilisateurs peuvent appliquer des changements de comportement de manière virtuelle. En particulier notre méthode permet de simuler une modification de l’utilisation des appareils électriques d’un logement, puis d’évaluer visuellement l’impact de ces modifications sur les données. Cette méthode a été implémentée dans le système Activelec, que nous avons évalué avec des utilisateurs sur des données réelles. Nous synthétisons les éléments de conception indispensables aux systèmes eco-feedback dans un état de l’art. Nous exposons également les limitations de ces technologies, la principale étant la difficulté rencontrée par les utilisateurs pour trouver des modifications de comportement pertinentes leur permettant de consommer moins d’énergie.Nous présentons ensuite trois contributions. La première contribution est la conception d’une méthode what if appliquée à l’eco-feedback ainsi que son implémentation dans le système Activelec. La seconde contribution est l’évaluation de notre méthode grâce à deux expérimentations menées en laboratoire. Dans ces expérimentations nous évaluons si des participants utilisant notre méthode trouvent des modifications qui économisent de l’énergie et qui nécessitent suffisamment peu d’efforts pour être appliquées en vrai. Enfin la troisième contribution est l’évaluation in-situ du système Activelec dans des logements personnels pour une durée d’environ un mois. Activelec a été déployé dans trois appartements privés afin de permettre l’évaluation de notre méthode en contexte domestique réel. Dans ces trois expérimentations, les participants ont pu trouver des modifications d’utilisation des appareils qui économiseraient une quantité d’énergie significative, et qui ont été jugées faciles à appliquer en réalité. Nous discutons également de l’application de notre méthode what if au-delà des données de consommation électrique au domaine de la visualisation personnelle, qui est définie comme l’analyse visuelle des données personnelles. Nous présentons ainsi plusieurs applications possibles à d’autres données temporelles personnelles, par exemple concernant l’activité physique ou les transports. Cette thèse ouvre de nouvelles perspectives pour l’utilisation d’un paradigme d’interaction what if pour la visualisation personnelle. / The production of energy, in particular the production of electricity, is the main responsible for the emission of greenhouse gases at world scale. The residential sector being the most energy consuming, it is essential to act at a personal scale to reduce these emissions. Thanks to the development of ubiquitous computing, it is now easy to collect data about the electricity consumption of electrical appliances of a housing. This possibility has allowed the development of eco-feedback technologies, whose objective is to provide to consumers a feedback about their consumption with the aim to reduce it. In this thesis we propose a personal visualization method for time-dependent data based on a what if interaction, which means that users can apply modifications in their behavior in a virtual way. Especially our method allows to simulate the modification of the usage of electrical appliances of a housing, and then to evaluate visually the impact of the modifications on data. This approach has been implemented in the Activelec system, which we have evaluated with users on real data.We synthesize the essential elements of conception for eco-feedback systems in a state of the art. We also outline the limitations of these technologies, the main one being the difficulty faced by users to find relevant modifications in their behavior to decrease their energy consumption. We then present three contributions. The first contribution is the development of a what if approach applied to eco-feedback as well as its implementation in the Activelec system. The second contribution is the evaluation of our approach with two laboratory studies. In these studies we assess if participants using our method manage to find modifications that save energy and which require a sufficiently low effort to be applied in reality. Finally the third contribution is the in-situ evaluation of the Activelec system. Activelec has been deployed in three private housings and used for a duration of approximately one month. This in-situ experiment allows to evaluate the usage of our approach in a real domestic context. In these three studies, participants managed to find modifications in the usage of appliances that would savea significant amount of energy, while being judged easy to be applied in reality.We also discuss of the application of our what if approach to the domain of personal visualization, beyond electricity consumption data, which is defined as the visual analysis of personal data. We hence present several potential applications to other types of time-dependent personal data, for example related to physical activity or to transportation. This thesis opens new perspectives for using a what if interaction paradigm for personal visualization.

by Chiu Kwok-yuan, Edward & Man Kin-wah, Andy. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Bibliography: leaves 107-108.

Cette thèse de doctorat porte sur la dimension externe de la protection des données à caractère personnel dans le droit de l’Union Européenne, c’est-à-dire sur l’analyse des mécanismes à travers lesquels le droit de l’Union assure aux données qui sont transférées vers les Pays tiers, un haut degré de protection. Le travail se propose, donc, de mettre en évidence les résultats obtenus grâce à cette véritable politique étrangère législative de l’Union européenne. / This doctoral thesis deals with the external dimension of the protection of personal data, thus of the mechanisms by which the law of the European Union ensures an adequate level of protection to the personal data that are transferred to third countries. Under this perspective, the aim of the thesis is to underline the achievements of what amounts to a “legislative foreign policy” of the European Union aimed at the protection of personal data as a fundamental right of the individuals.

Abstract This bachelor thesis paper presents a case study on the technical actions undertaken by a company in order to manage its customers’ personal information in compliance to GDPR (General data protection regulation), a law that was introduced on the 25th May of 2018. GDPR imposes strict responsibilities on the companies dealing with personal information. Therefore, companies located in EU or handling personal information of EU citizen have to review and update their information handling process to comply according to the law. Companies failing to comply with GDPR can be subject to heavy penalty. This paper presents an in-depth picture of how a small company which is quite reliant on data processing adapts itself to the GDPR era when handling their customer’s personal data. The Order Department and the Technical Department within the case company, where most of the customer’s personal information is handled, were studied for this thesis. In conclusion, this case study identified seven different measures that the company undertook to comply with GDPR including periodical deletion of email letters, using separate email addresses for company internal messages, and tight restrictions on who can access what data. Moreover, two major challenges were identified: time and legacy. Time, because a small sized company cannot set off one staff to deal with everything related to GDPR but instead everyone has to take this regulation into consideration. The second challenge is legacy, because data routines before the GDPR were not strict.

The Blockchain concept was originally developed to provide security in the Bitcoin cryptocurrency network, where trust is achieved through the provision of an agreed-upon and immutable record of transactions between parties. The use of a Blockchain as a secure, publicly distributed ledger is applicable to fields beyond finance, and is an emerging area of research across many other fields in the industry. This thesis considers the feasibility of using a Blockchain to facilitate secured information sharing between parties, where a lack of trust and absence of central control are common characteristics. Implementation of a Blockchain Information Sharing system will be designed on an existing Blockchain network with as a communicative party members sharing secured information. The benefits and risks associated with using a public Blockchain for information sharing will also be discussed. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2019. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Everyone holds personal information about others. Each person's privacy thus critically depends on the interplay of multiple actors. In an age of technology integration, this interdependence of data protection is becoming a major threat to privacy. Yet current regulation focuses on the sharing of information between two parties rather than multiactor situations. This study highlights how current policy inadequacies, illustrated by the European Union General Data Protection Regulation, can be overcome by means of a deeper understanding of the phenomenon. Specifically, the authors introduce a new phenomenological framework to explain interdependent infringements. This framework builds on parallels between property and privacy and suggests that interdependent peer protection necessitates three hierarchical steps, "the 3Rs": realize, recognize, and respect. In response to observed failures at these steps, the authors identify four classes of intervention that constitute a toolbox addressing what can be done by marketers, regulators, and privacy organizations. While the first three classes of interventions address issues arising from the corresponding 3Rs, the authors specifically advocate for a fourth class of interventions that proposes radical alternatives that shift the responsibilities for privacy protection away from consumers.