Social media has the potential to be a critical force in creating connected educators. The collaborative nature of social media encourages personal connection, professional enrichment, and learning through co-creation of meaning. Secondary teachers are in a place that would permit them to harness these affordances, not only in their personal and professional environments, but also in their classrooms. This qualitative phenomenographic study aimed to uncover how secondary teachers used social media for personal, professional, and instructional purposes. Further, this study sought to understand secondary teachers' attitudes and beliefs toward social media. Their current state of social media use was also of interest, as were the types of relations secondary teachers had with social media. To better understand the stories and experiences realized by these educators, ten secondary teachers were engaged using a semi-structured interview process. These teachers presented with varying backgrounds, education, and teaching focus. The interviews provided a textual representation of their social media stories. Interview transcripts were transposed into thick rich accounts describing their experiences, thoughts, ideas, and how they understood social media in their personal, professional, and instructional lives. It was found that the current state of social media use by secondary teachers was primarily limited to personal and professional purposes. Teachers used it to connect with family and friends. They used it to connect with like-minded educators and personal learning networks to locate teaching resources. Many expressed that they could see a benefit of students interacting and learning from others through social media. In the end, however, they did not use social media for instructional purposes. The majority voiced concerns about student privacy, a feeling of not being able to control what students were doing on social media, a lack of training for themselves and students, possible inappropriate behavior, and the inability to access social media through network firewalls. Further analysis and coding of the textual data produced four emerging themes of discussion. The themes were: (1) support and constraints, (2) time, (3) privacy, and (4) one-way and two-way communication. These themes contributed to interactions with social media, in turn influencing their attitudes, beliefs, and how they used social media in their personal, professional, and instructional environments.

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I Sverige kriminaliserades eget bruk av narkotika 1988 och sedan dess har antalet personer som rapporterats för brottet stadigt ökat (Brottsförebygganderådet [BRÅ] 2023). Kriminaliseringen har setts som framgångsrik då vi internationellt sätt har lägre narkotikaanvändande än många andra länder. På senaste har dock den svenska narkotikapolitiken ifrågasatts och två statliga utredningar har uppmanat regeringen att se över konsekvenserna av lagstiftningen, framför allt kopplat till den höga narkotikadödligheten (SOU 2023:10; SOU 2023:62). Studien undersöker hur poliser som arbetar mot narkotika ser på frågan om narkotikabrott eget bruk ska avkriminaliseras eller inte. Studiens teoretiska ramverk utgår från deterrence theory och ethics of care. Deterrence theory, avskräckningsteori, har sin grund i att individen aktivt väljer att avstå från brottsliga handlingar för att straffet väger högre än vinsten av att begå brott (Beccaria 1778, s.29). Ethics of care, omsorgsetik, syftar till att vi kan och bör bemöta marginaliserade individer i samhället med omsorg och empati. Vad som är gott eller vad som bör uppnås är viktigare än korrekthet eller principiella kriterier (UNODC u.å.). Studien har skett genom kvalitativa intervjuer med poliser som arbetar mot narkotikabrott för att undersöka hur de ser på kriminaliseringen av narkotikabrott eget bruk. Intervjuerna har analyserats efter studiens frågeställningar och teoretiska ramverk. Resultatet visar att poliserna selekterar vilka derapporterar för brott och grunden till selekteringen är omsorg för individen bakom bruket. Det råder en stark konsensus bland deltagarna att avkriminalisering av narkotikabrott eget bruk skulle få negativa konsekvenser och de uttrycker en oro för både ett ökat användande och problem för polisens arbete mot den organiserade brottsligheten. Arbetet mot narkotikabrott eget bruk är komplext och stort ansvar läggs på den enskilde polismannen för att orientera sig i tillämpningen av lagstiftningen. Polismyndigheten bör underlätta arbetet genom att tydligare riktlinjer kring hur lagen ska tillämpas så legaliteten bibehålls. / In Sweden, personal use of narcotics was criminalized in 1988 and since then, the number of people reported for the crime has steadily increased (BRÅ 2023). Criminalization has been seen as successful as we have lower drug use internationally than many other countries. Recently, however, Swedish drug policy has been questioned and two government inquiries have called on the government to review the consequences of the legislation, especially linked to the high drug mortality rate (SOU 2023:10; 2023:62). The study examines how police officers who work against narcotics view the question of whether use of drugs should be decriminalized or not. The theoretical framework of the study is based on deterrence theory and ethics of care. Deterrence theory involve that the individual actively chooses to abstain from criminal acts because the punishment outweighs the profit of committing a crime (Beccaria 1778, p.29). Ethics of care means that we can and should treat marginalized individuals in society with care and empathy. What is good or what should be achieved is more important than correctness or principled criteria (UNODC n.d.). The study has been conducted through qualitative interviews with police officers who work against drug offenses to examine how they view the criminalization of personal use. The interviews have been analyzed according to the study's questions and theoretical framework. The results show that the police select who they report and the basis for the selection is care for the individual behind the crime. There is a strong consensus among the participants that decriminalization of use of drugs would have negative consequences and they express concern towards both increased use and problems for the police's work against organized crime. The work against drug offence, personal use, is complex and great responsibility is placed on the individual police officer to orient himself in the application of the legislation. The Police Authority should facilitate the work by providing clearer guidelines on how the law is to be applied so that legality is maintained.

Behaviors that may waste time in the workplace, like surfing the Internet for personal purposes (cyberloafing) or smoking breaks, may be the root antecedent for poor productivity. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine whether there was a relationship between the independent variables: time spent cyberloafing and time in uncontrolled smoking breaks, and the dependent variable: employee productivity. Procedural justice theory was used to frame the study. The population consisted of 34 employees working in a multinational engineering company in Jordan who have official smoking policies, but not cyberloafing policies. Correlations and multiple regression were computed using a Cyberloafing Scale and time spent smoking (independent variables) and The Endicott Work Productivity Scale (dependent variable). The results of the correlations indicated no significant relationship between Internet surfing and employee productivity. Smoking breaks were not a significant source of wasted time during the workday (the subsample and frequency of engaging in smoking were low); therefore, smoking did not have an effect on productivity. The findings of this study support the theory that using the Internet at work does not affect employee productivity. These findings have implications for positive social change that are also supported by existing research. Employees who engage in personal Internet activities at work tend to meet private demands and obligations. This connectivity may help to facilitate work-life balance.

The World Health Organization and the United Nations state that people normally access water through their place of residence. However, in North America people regularly need access to water services, such as toilets, fountains, or bathing facilities, when not in a private residence. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the current situation of access to water for personal uses for people outside a place of residence as an emergent research topic. To accomplish this, I conducted a literature review and a thematic analysis of nine key-informant interviews with stakeholders in Victoria. Findings from the research reveal that access to water for personal uses is limited in Victoria when outside a place of residence. Furthermore, the consequences and implications of this limitation directly and indirectly influence both individuals and the broader community. Finally, policy recommendations, action responses, and future research directions inform possible responses to address this issue.

The World Health Organization and the United Nations state that people normally access water through their place of residence. However, in North America people regularly need access to water services, such as toilets, fountains, or bathing facilities, when not in a private residence. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the current situation of access to water for personal uses for people outside a place of residence as an emergent research topic. To accomplish this, I conducted a literature review and a thematic analysis of nine key-informant interviews with stakeholders in Victoria. Findings from the research reveal that access to water for personal uses is limited in Victoria when outside a place of residence. Furthermore, the consequences and implications of this limitation directly and indirectly influence both individuals and the broader community. Finally, policy recommendations, action responses, and future research directions inform possible responses to address this issue.

La faculté de copie privée, admise depuis longtemps et figurant à l’article L. 122-5 du Code de la propriété intellectuelle, est présentée par la doctrine majoritaire comme une exception au droit d’auteur. Elle permet à une personne de dupliquer une œuvre pour son usage personnel sans avoir à demander l’accord préalable de l’auteur et s’illustre dans deux cas : la copie pour son usage personnel faite par le propriétaire d’un exemplaire, laquelle est facile à admettre ; et celle faite par un tiers, notamment un emprunteur de l’exemplaire, laquelle s’impose aussi. On observe que la copie privée, parce qu’elle ne réalise pas une communication au public, doit être considérée comme étant hors du champ du droit d’auteur, qui trouve ici une de ses limites. Récemment, le législateur a considéré que, du fait de l’évolution des techniques, la copie privée entraînait un préjudice pour l’auteur. Il a prévu une rémunération pour le compenser. Puis, celle-ci a été cantonnée aux seules copies de source licite, en même temps qu’ont été incriminées les copies de source illicite. Mais cette pénalisation est mal vécue et peu appliquée. Et l’absence de rémunération est injuste pour l’auteur. Il serait bon de supprimer la distinction entre copie privée licite et illicite. On étendrait alors la compensation à toutes les copies privées et on se dispenserait ainsi d’assumer la charge de la répression de la copie privée illicite. On admettrait en même temps que l’auteur limite par voie contractuelle le nombre de copies privées, notamment en utilisant des mesures techniques de protection et d’information, mais sans pouvoir interdire totalement cette faculté de copie privée à l’utilisateur. / The private copying’s faculty, admitted for a long time and contained in article L. 122-5 of the Code of Intellectual Property, is presented by the majority doctrine as an exception to copyright. It allows a person to duplicate a work for his personal use without having to seek the prior consent of the author and it is illustrated in two cases : the copy for his personal use made by the owner of a copy, which is easy to admit ; and the one made by a third party, including a borrower of the copy, which is also required. It is observed that private copying, because it does not make a communication to the public, must be considered as being outside the field of copyright, which finds here one of its limits. Recently, the legislature considered that, due to the evolution of the techniques, the private copy entailed a prejudice for the author. He has provided compensation to compensate him. Then, it was confined to the only copies of lawful source, while were reprimanded the copies of illicit source. But this penalty is poorly lived and little applied. And the lack of remuneration is unfair for the author. It would be good to remove the distinction between lawful and unlawful private copying. Compensation would then be extended to all private copies and the repression’s burden of unlawful private copying would be dispensed with. In the same time, it should be admitted that the author limits the number of private copies by contractual means, especially by using digital rights management, but without being able to totally prohibit this private copying’s faculty for the user.