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Tsenguluso ya khombo ya u kavhiwa nga dwadzetshifu la HIV/AIDS kha matambwa a Tshivenda ho sedzeswa litambwa litambwa la vho Nefefe M. P "Dovhani"na litambwa la vho Milubi N. A. vho tangana na vho Mafenya L. L. Ha u tsa ndi ha ü gonyaTshikosi, Mukondeleli Patricia 12 February 2016 (has links)
MAAS / M.E.R. Mathivha Centre for Languages Arts and Culture
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The challeges facing orphans and vulnerable children due ti HIV & AIDS and its impact on their social lifeNetshifhefhe, Thinawanga Maureen 05 1900 (has links)
See the attached abstract below
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Economic impact of HIV/AIDS on smallholder agriculture in Mopani District of Limpopo ProvinceMaponya, Matlhabjane Maria 09 1900 (has links)
MSCAGR (Agricultural Economics) / Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness / See the attached abstract below
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A phenomenological study on experiences of people living with HIV and AIDS : towards the development of a user - led interview model in the Vhembe District, Limpopo ProvinceMabogo, Mokgadi Germina January 2019 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. (Social Work)) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Background information: Persistent poor health outcomes among People Living with
HIV and AIDS (PLWH) is a concern for service users and the HIV care system. Since its
discovery, different AIDS response strategies were implemented but the level of poor
health outcomes among PLWH prompts the need for other dimensions in the AIDS
response.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe ‘lived experiences’ of
PLWH in order to utilise their personal experiences to develop a user- led intervention
model.
Methods: From a phenomenological orientation, an in-depth interview was used to
gather data from seventeen PLWH who are living in communities. Purposive sampling
was used to locate the participants. The compiled data collected was then analysed
using the Collaizzi’s seven-step data analysis strategy. This was followed by a focus
group discussion session which was held with nine of the seventeen participants.
Findings: The study found that communities’ meaning of HIV and AIDS is outdated as
it is still loaded with stigma and discrimination. Consequently, it alienates PLWH living in
communities, and thus compounds poor health outcomes among PLWH. Many PLWH
view themselves through their communities’ meaning of HIV and AIDS. the shared
meaning of HIV and AIDS by communities created a complex task for PLWH to
reconcile their prior meaning of living with HIV and the ‘new’ meaning they acquired
post-diagnosis. Due to this, many PLWH experience high levels of intrapersonal and
interpersonal challenges. Intrapersonal challenges manifest as self and anticipated
stigma while the interpersonal ones result in poor relationships in different setting. It was
also found that the availability of antiretroviral treatment significantly changed the
meaning of living with HIV and AIDS for many PLWH as it provided tangible medical
support to mitigate the impact of HIV and AIDS. In addition, the availability of different
types of social support from family and non-family sources reassured and gave them
hope for a better life. However, the availability of medical treatment and social support
could not completely buffer the intrapersonal and interpersonal challenges experienced
by PLWH in their daily lives. They had to continually fight for their social space post diagnosis through activation of two major coping strategies, namely emotion and
problem-solving focussed strategies. Significant features of these strategies are that
they changed their thinking patterns and engaged in actual activities to improve the
quality of their lives. Through these strategies, many PLWH attained relative post traumatic growth. This study found that through their lived experiences, they command
personal competence to guide user-led HIV care interventions as they clearly articulated
the design, content and approach for user-driven HIV care.
Conclusions and recommendations: The psychosocial dimension of living with HIV
and AIDS in HIV care is not adequate as many PLWH who are in care experience poor
health outcomes long after they have been diagnosed until they received psychosocial
support from other PLWH. On this basis, a psychosocial seven-step user-led
intervention model was designed to provide psychosocial education, care and support
to PLWH, families, support groups and community mobilisation for HIV care. The
implementation of a true psychosocial user-led intervention model in the continuum of
care which recognises the interaction between the three dimensions of the health
condition should be located at the point of entry into HIV care to ensure timeous access
by PLWH and their families.
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Determinants of infants Human Immunodeficiency Virus positivity rates in Greater Letaba Municipality, Limpopo Province, South AfricaMkhari, Lillian Bridgette Tshameleni January 2021 (has links)
Thesis (MPH.) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Introduction:
HIV/AIDS remains a disease of public health importance and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is one of the major problems. Sub-Saharan Africa is the most severely affected region, accounting for more than 90 percent of paediatric HIV infections. Most of these infections occurred during pregnancy, delivery or breastfeeding making the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) a public health priority. Over the last few years, efforts have been made in Sub-Saharan countries to improve PMTCT and the success of prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is dependent upon high retention of mother‐infant pairs within the PMTCT cascade. Assessing the risk factors for MTCT will help to decrease child morbidity and mortality and strengthen PMTCT programs as there is dearth of evidence regarding factors determining MTCT HIV infection to infants born to HIV positive mothers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants for the human Immunodeficiency Virus positivity rates in the Greater Letaba Municipality. The study objectives were to describe the demographic characteristics of mothers and babies who tested polymerase chain reaction test (PCR)-positive in the Greater Letaba Municipality during the two-year period from 2015 to 2016, in order to determine maternal and neonatal factors associated with high positive PCR; and to determine health system-related factors associated with a high positive PCR result.
Methodology
The current study followed a quantitative approach in which convenient and purposive sampling was used, focusing on records of infants born from HIV-positive women in all clinics at Greater Letaba Municipality were reviewed. All records of infants who were tested for HIV and the PCR results were positive from birth up to 12 months of age were retrospectively reviewed and for the health care workers, all nurses working as managers of a clinic were interviewed. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 computer software and Stata 15 was used. for comparison of categorical variables was done using a Chi-Squared test, whereas continuous variables were compared using a t-test and P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. To determine maternal and neonatal factors associated with high positive PCR, Factor analysis was used with rotated factor loadings done using the Varimax method.
Results: A total of 107 records were retrieved and audited. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the relationship between selected variables, where p<0.05 was set as level of significance. The findings reveal that the number of infants exposed to HIV during pregnancy has steadily increased. The current study further indicates that health system factors such as unskilled or untrained NIM-ART nurses in the facilities is a contributory factor to infant’s positivity rate in Greater Letaba hospital. Equal proportions of both male and female babies were found to be PCR positive at 6 weeks. The study further revealed that the highest proportion of the mothers who gave birth to PCR positive babies for the reporting period were married mothers, in the age group 25-29 years (46.1%). The second largest proportion of mothers who gave birth to PCR positive babies were single mothers in the age group 25-29 years (38.4%).
The results show that high PCR positivity can be attributed to about 5 main Factors namely: maternal antenatal history (22% contribution to total variance), maternal HIV care history (18% contribution to total variance), measures of adherence to treatment (17% contribution to total variance), maternal exposure to HIV (14% contribution to total variance) and lastly the ART regimen (12% contribution to total variance).
Conclusion: The study findings revealed that there is still vertical transmission of HIV to infants and the prevalence of HIV among infants born from seropositive mothers despite the availability of the latest Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) Guidelines in all health care facilities. Even though transmission is reduced to the meaningful number (< 5%), there are still appropriate measures that should be taken to reduce the transmission of HIV from mothers to infants. The delayed diagnosis, adherence to ART by mothers, infant ARV prophylaxis at birth and feeding practices contributed the vertical transmission of HIV to infants. Strengthening of the PMTCT of HIV programme, increasing antenatal HIV screening and linking it to care and treatment of HIV positive mothers to obtain zero infant HIV prevalence in the region. Infant prophylaxis and maternal PMTCT interventions should be provided to all exposed infants and mothers based on the guidelines by the health institutions. Nurse-initiated management of antiretroviral treatment (NIM-ART) training of professional nurses is being offered by the Department of Health in South Africa, but it does not yield positive results as far as the PMTCT is concerned. This may be due to shortage of staff, especially trained professional nurses (PN), as well as the workload.
Key concepts:
Infant and Human immune deficiency virus
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The development of a user-friendly support programme for adolescents living with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus in the Vhembe District of Limpopo Province, South AfricaMabasa, Rirhandzu Austice January 2022 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. (Public Health)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / There has a significant rise in the number of HIV-infected adolescents who were missed as children and are diagnosed with perinatally acquired HIV as teenagers. In 2013, perinatally
acquired HIV was estimated at around 10 000 infections globally, a figure which ballooned to38 000 by 2017. Adolescents living with perinatal HIV experience emotional upheaval as a result of their positive HIV diagnosis, which is exacerbated by real or perceived negative effects
on their relationships, career, and family aspirations. They face the same challenges as other
adolescents, along with the added complexity of personal decisions relating to their sexual
conduct having a direct impact on the global cause to eradicate HIV/AIDS. An extensive body
of literature indicates a need for emotional and psychosocial support as existing management
focuses mainly on the physical aspects of infection and treatment.
Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to explore the challenges faced by adolescents living with perinatal
HIV infection and to evaluate the designed user-friendly support programme in response to
formative findings of the research in selected clinics and community health centres in the
Vhembe District of the Limpopo Province in South Africa.
Methodology
A mixed-methods sequential exploratory design was employed to fulfil the purpose of the study.
Data was collected in two phases. In qualitative phase- a total of 21 participants were
interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. The sample was purposefully selected from
adolescents living with HIV/AIDS. In quantitative phase a total of 213 people participated in data
collection using a questionnaire. Thematic approach was used to analyse qualitative data using
Tesch’s eight steps of qualitative data analysis. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS
version 25. Descriptive statistics was used to explain and summarize data. Fischer’s test was
done to establish significance of association between alcohol used, condom use and between
age and gender.
The results
The results revealed that adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV face more challenges. They
had psychosocial, emotional and economic challenges more than their peers. The current
HIV/AIDS management and care has not yet recognised the specific needs these adolescents
have related to their care. They have been incorporated into the general adulthood HIV/AIDS
making their transition from childhood adolescence difficult. Suggestions for a mentor, and ARV
modification were made and a need for a support programme emerged as one of the major
themes
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An explorationary study of the types of psychosocial services provided to educators living with HIV at selected primary schools in Limpopo ProvinceThindisa, Johanna Ntlwaneng 09 1900 (has links)
Educators play an essential role within the education system as role models. Many
educators, in addition to being affected by learners living with HIV and AIDS, are
themselves living with HIV and struggle to cope. SMTs have to play a role in the
provision of psychosocial services. The purpose of this study was to explore the types
of psychosocial services provided to ELWHIV by their SMTs in order to gain insight and
understanding and to make suggestions on how psychosocial services can be
improved. A qualitative study was undertaken in 2008. Fifteen interviews were
conducted with ELWHIV and members of SMTs at four primary schools in Bela-Bela,
Limpopo Province. The findings reveal that SMTs are failing to implement government
policies and are not providing adequate support for ELWHIV. None of the participating
schools had a functional AIDS policy. Support structures were found to be inadequate
and ineffective. Disclosure was identified as one of the major obstacles to the provision
of effective services. / Sociology / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)
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An exploratory study of the types of psychosocial services provided to educators living with HIV at selected primary schools in the Limpopo ProvinceThindisa, Johanna Ntlwaneng 09 1900 (has links)
Educators play an essential role within the education system as role models. Many
educators, in addition to being affected by learners living with HIV and AIDS, are
themselves living with HIV and struggle to cope. SMTs have to play a role in the
provision of psychosocial services. The purpose of this study was to explore the types
of psychosocial services provided to ELWHIV by their SMTs in order to gain insight and
understanding and to make suggestions on how psychosocial services can be
improved. A qualitative study was undertaken in 2008. Fifteen interviews were
conducted with ELWHIV and members of SMTs at four primary schools in Bela-Bela,
Limpopo Province. The findings reveal that SMTs are failing to implement government
policies and are not providing adequate support for ELWHIV. None of the participating
schools had a functional AIDS policy. Support structures were found to be inadequate
and ineffective. Disclosure was identified as one of the major obstacles to the provision
of effective services. / Sociology / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)
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The impact of HIV/AIDS on elderly people in the Thulamela Municipality, Vhembe District, Limpopo ProvinceSingo, Vhudivhusi Julia 01 October 2013 (has links)
Department of Public Health / MPH
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HIV co-infections with cytomegalovirus, hepatitis c virus and human papillomavirus in northern South AfricaRikhotso, Mikateko 03 November 2014 (has links)
MSc (Microbiology) / Department of Microbiology
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