O presente estudo teve por objetivo determinar as propriedades tecnológicas da madeira de paricá, obtida de árvores de Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke aos 14 anos provenientes de duas diferentes áreas de florestas plantadas no estado de Rondônia. Foi amostrado a campo um total de oito árvores, sendo quatro de cada um dos plantios, nos municípios de Rolim de Moura e Parecis. De cada árvore foram obtidas duas toras subsequentes com comprimento de 2,0 m, definidas após a extração de discos removidos ao longo de três posições longitudinais, que foram empregados na determinação da variação radial das características de fibras e vasos e composição química da madeira, e na variação longitudinal da densidade básica e na massa específica aparente, esta última por meio da densitometria de raios x. Da primeira tora foi determinado o rendimento em laminação e das lâminas geradas, produzidos painéis compensados que foram avaliados quanto ao desempenho físico-mecânico. Da segunda tora amostrada, foram confeccionados corpos de prova das porções próximas à medula e casca para a caracterização mecânica da madeira sólida. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que tanto o comprimento das fibras como a espessura de parede celular tenderam a um aumento gradativo, com estabilização na posição a 75% do raio em ambos os plantios amostrados. Ao longo da distância radial a madeira proveniente da área de solo de textura argilosa (Rolim de Moura) tendeu sempre a apresentar valores mais elevados de diâmetro de vasos e área ocupada em relação à madeira da área de solo de textura média e de maior compactação (Parecis), resultando em efeito da proveniência. O teor de cinzas diferiu-se entre as duas áreas, sendo maior na madeira proveniente de Parecis. A densidade básica e massa específica aparente não sofreram influência da proveniência, e mostraram tendência de redução ao longo da porção longitudinal avaliada. Houve influência somente da posição radial nas propriedades mecânicas da madeira, com a maior diferença para o MOE em flexão estática. O rendimento efetivo da laminação das toras foi próximo de 72%, e as propriedades mecânicas dos painéis compensados produzidos tornam os mesmos aptos para aplicação estrutural e naval, segundo normatização relativa a este tipo de produto. Tomando-se por base a variação radial dos parâmetros de comprimento e espessura de parede das fibras, já se observa a presença de madeira adulta no S. amazonicum aos 14 anos nas condições de crescimento avaliadas. Embora os coeficientes indicativos de qualidade das fibras comprovem o potencial da espécie na produção de polpa e papel na idade considerada, o elevado teor de extrativos deve ser considerado nos programas de melhoramento genético. Com exceção da resistência ao cisalhamento, a madeira de paricá aos 14 anos apresentou um incremento nos valores de propriedades mecânicas em relação a outros estudos com esta espécie, principalmente no que se refere à rigidez de sua madeira ao esforço de flexão estática. O rendimento encontrado na laminação e as propriedades dos painéis confirmam a aptidão da espécie na manufatura de compensados. / This research aimed to determine the technological properties of the paricá wood obtained from Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke trees at age 14 from two different areas of planted forests in Rondônia, Brasil. It was sampled in field a total of eight trees, being four of each one of the plantations in the cities of Rolim de Moura and Parecis. Two subsequent logs with a length of 2.0 m were obtained from each tree defined after the extraction of the disks removed along of three longitudinal positions, which were used for determining the radial variation characteristics of the fibers and vessels and chemical composition of the wood, in the longitudinal variation of the basic density and in the apparent specific mass, being this one by an x-ray densitometry. The first log was determined the yield generated in the peeling process and veneers, producing plywood panels that were evaluated for physical and mechanical performance. From the second log sampled, test pieces of the portions near the cord and bark were made for the mechanical characterization of the solid wood. The obtained results show that both the length of the fiber as the cell wall thickness tended to a gradual increase with stabilization at 75% from the radius in both sampled plantations. Along the radial distance, the wood from the clay ground area (Rolim de Moura) has always tended to show higher values of diameter of vessels and occupied area in relation to the wood ground area of medium texture and higher compaction (Parecis), resulting in effect of the origin. The ash content was granted in two areas, being higher in the wood from Parecis. The density and specific gravity were not affected by the origin of wood, and tended to decrease along the longitudinal portion. There was only influence of the radial position on the mechanical properties of wood, only, with the biggest difference for the MOE in bending. The actual yield of the logs lamination was around 72%, and the mechanical properties of plywood produced make them them suitable for structural and marine applications, according to standardization concerning this type of product. Based on the radial variation of the parameters of length and wall thickness of the fibers, it is observed the presence of mature wood in S. amazonicum at age 14 in the evaluated growing conditions. Though the indicative coefficients of the quality of the fibers demonstrate the potential of the species in the production of pulp and paper at the age considered, the high content of extractives should be considered in breeding programs. Except for the shear strength wood paricá at age 14 showed an increase in the values of mechanical properties relative to other studies of this species, particularly in regard to the rigidity of its wood to bending stress. The yield found in the lamination and properties of panels confirm the suitability of the species in the manufacturing of plywood.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial de utilização da madeira do híbrido Pinus elliottii var. elliottii x Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis para a produção de lâminas e manufatura de painéis compensados. Para realização do estudo foram utilizadas 10 toras de 1,30 m de comprimento, provenientes de 5 árvores coletadas aos 7 anos e 10 meses de idade nos plantios da empresa Pinus Brasil, localizada em Buri - SP. O rendimento do processo de laminação das toras e a qualidade das lâminas produzidas foram avaliados. O delineamento para a produção experimental e avaliação dos painéis compensados constituiu-se de 8 tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial, através dos quais foram analisados os efeitos de duas posições de retirada da tora no tronco (A e B), duas gramaturas de adesivo (380 e 420g/m²) e dois tempos de prensagem (8 e 12 minutos). Para cada tratamento foram produzidos 3 painéis compensados, cada qual com 5 lâminas coladas entre si com adesivo à base de fenol-formaldeído. O rendimento médio do processo de laminação das toras, sem casca, foi de aproximadamente 53%, podendo ser considerado bom e compatível com outros resultados encontrados na literatura. As toras A, mais próximas da base das árvores, produziram maior número de lâminas, no entanto, de qualidade inferior em relação às lâminas das toras (B). A massa específica aparente dos painéis estudados foi relativamente baixa em comparação a outros compensados de Pinus, cuja propriedade apresentou valor médio estatisticamente superior para os compensados confeccionados com lâminas das toras A. Os painéis apresentaram boa estabilidade dimensional, sendo que o tempo de prensagem de 12 minutos para a produção dos compensados resultou em diminuição estatisticamente significativa do inchamento em espessura. O tempo de prensagem, gramatura de adesivo e posição da tora influenciaram os valores de resistência da colagem dos painéis, sendo que os maiores valores foram observados para os painéis produzidos com lâminas das toras B, tempo de prensagem de 12 minutos e gramatura de 420g/m². Os valores médios do módulo de ruptura (MOR) e do módulo de elasticidade (MOE) à flexão estática dos painéis foram, respectivamente, compatíveis e inferiores quando comparados com os do Catálogo Técnico n°1 Compensados de Pinus (ABIMCI, 2002). Houve efeito do fator posição da tora no MOR paralelo dos painéis e o maior valor médio foi observado para os compensados confeccionados com lâminas das toras da posição A. Houve interação entre os fatores posição da tora e tempo de prensagem para o MOR e MOE perpendiculares, sendo que, de modo geral, os menores valores foram observados para os compensados confeccionados com lâminas das toras B e prensados no tempo de 12 minutos. Conclui-se que a madeira do híbrido estudado apresenta bom potencial para a produção de lâminas e manufatura de compensados. Porém, o emprego desses painéis em produtos que requeiram elevados valores do MOR e do MOE, por exemplo, em formas de concreto, não é aconselhável, porque esses painéis não satisfariam tais requisitos. / The main objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of wood utilization from Pinus elliottii var. elliottii x Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis hybrid for veneer production and plywood manufacturing. This study used 10 logs measuring 1.30m in length, obtained from 05 trees, 07 years and 10 months of age, from plantations located in Buri SP, Brazil. Peeling process yield and quality of veneers produced were evaluated. The experimental design consisted of eight treatments, arranged in a factorial way, being the effects of two log positions (A and B) on the trunk, two adhesive spread rates (380 and 420g/m²) and two press times (8 and 12 minutes). Three plywood panels were produced for each treatment and each panel was constituted of 05 veneers glued with an adhesive based on phenol-formaldehyde. The peeling process yield was approximately 53%, based on logs without bark, and can be considered good and compatible with other results found in the literature. The logs A, closer to the base of the tree, produced a greater number of veneers, but of inferior quality compared to the logs B veneers. The apparent specific mass of the plywood panels was relatively low, compared to other Pines plywood available in the literature, with a superior mean value for the plywood made with veneers of logs A comparing to logs B. The plywood panels showed good dimensional stability. The press time of 12 minutes resulted in significant thickness swelling decrease and the press time, adhesive spread rate and log position, influenced the bonding line strength. The best results of bonding line strength were obtained for the plywood produced with logs B veneers, press time of 12 minutes and spread rate of 420g/m². The static bending properties of the plywood panels studied, modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE),were compatible and inferior, respectively, compared to other Brazilian-pines plywood. There was an effect of the log position factor on the MOR-parallel-to-grain with best results obtained for plywood panels produced with veneers of logs A. There was interaction between the log position and press time factors on the MOR and MOE, both perpendicular-to-grain, with the lowest values observed for plywood panels produced with log B veneers and press time of 12 minutes. The hybrid pine wood studied has good potential for veneer production and plywood manufacturing. However, the use of these panels in products that require high values of MOR and MOE, for example, in formwork is not advisable, because these panels do not satisfy these requirements.

L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer des panneaux de contreplaqué collés à l’état vert à destination des coques et de l'agencement de bateaux. La technologie du moulage sous vide est choisie pour former des panneaux constitués de plis de pin Maritime déroulés non séchés et collés à l'aide d'un adhésif polyuréthane. Une étude approfondie été réalisée dans le but de fixer les paramètres de collage permettant aux contreplaqués de répondre aux exigences requises dans la construction navale. L’influence des paramètres de fabrication du panneau sur ses propriétés mécaniques est déterminée à partir d’un plan d'expériences. La teneur en eau et le grammage d'adhésif appliqué sont particulièrement étudiés. Le comportement mécanique des différents échantillons de contreplaqué a été caractérisé grâce à des tests normalisés de cisaillement et des tests de flexion. Des mesures de mouillabilité ainsi que des observations microscopiques des joints ont permis de mieux comprendre les résultats mécaniques, et d'expliquer les phénomènes physico-chimiques mis en jeu. Le matériau retenu à partir de cette étude est mis en œuvre dans un démonstrateur, pour validation du procédé utilisé. / The subject of this work is the manufacturing of green-glued plywood panels for the interior and the plating of a ship. The vacuum-moulding process is chosen to produce panels by assembling maritime pine veneers in the wet state with polyurethane adhesive. A study has been done to fix the parameters for gluing so that the manufactured plywood can answer to the mechanical characteristics required by the shipbuilding sector. The effect of several gluing parameters on the panel's mechanical properties is determined by an experimental design method. The wood moisture content when gluing and the amount of adhesive applied are mainly studied. The plywood panels' mechanical characterisations are realised using standardised shear tests and bending tests. In addition to the mechanical tests, wettability measures and bond lines microscopic observations provide a better understanding of the physic-chemical phenomena of green wood gluing. The material defined in this study is implemented in a boat hull prototype.

Os painéis compensados e aglomerados são produtos com aplicação difundida, principalmente, na indústria moveleira e no setor da construção civil. Na fabricação destes produtos, tradicionalmente, são usadas as resina a base de fenol-formaldeído e uréia-formaldeído. Porém, há uma constante busca por inovações que visem o aproveitamento dos recursos disponíveis no nosso País. Uma resina alternativa, a resina poliuretana a base de mamona, desenvolvida no Instituto de Química de São Carlos, da Universidade de São Paulo, é um polímero oriundo de recurso natural e renovável. Com base nisto, este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a utilização desta resina na manufatura de painéis compensados e aglomerados. Os compensados foram produzidos com lâminas da espécie Eucalyptus saligna e os aglomerados com uma composição de Eucalyptus gradis, Eucalyptus urophilla e Pinus elliottii. Ambos os painéis foram prensados a temperatura de 60&#176C e 90&#176C. Nos compensados foram analisadas duas gramaturas, 180 g/m2 e 200 g/m2. Nos aglomerados industrializados são acrescentadas às partículas de madeira, percentagem de emulsão de parafina, com o objetivo de melhorar suas propriedades higroscópicas. Sendo assim, neste estudo, foram analisados aglomerados manufaturados com e sem a adição de parafina. O desempenho dos painéis foi avaliado por meio de ensaios físico-mecânicos recomendados pela Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. Nos compensados, os ensaios de resistência da colagem ao esforço de cisalhamento, foram conduzidos segundo recomendações da European Standard. Os resultados apontam para a eficiência de ambos os painéis, quando comparados com valores de propriedades de painéis exigidos por documentos normativos, nacionais e internacionais, e valores encontrados na literatura, para painéis desta natureza. Os resultados mostraram que a resina poliuretana a base de mamona pode ser considerada uma alternativa promissora na manufatura de compensados e aglomerados. / Plywood and particleboard are products with spread application, mainly, in furniture industry and building site sector. Those products are produced traditionally with phenol-formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resins. However, there is a constant research for innovations which aim the use of available resources in our country. An alternative resin, the castor oil-based polyurethane resin, developed at the São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, is an environmentally friendly vegetal oil-based polymer, harmless to humans. This study involves the use of castor oil-based polyurethane resin to manufacture plywood and particleboard. Playwood panels were produced with Eucalyptus saligna veneers and particleboards with a composition of Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus urophilla and Pinus elliotiii particles. Both panels were pressed to 60&#176C and 90&#176C temperature. Playwood panels were analyzed in two glue around 180 g/m2 e 200 g/m2. Percent of paraffin emulsion is increased in wood particles in industrialized particleboards, to improve their hygroscopic properties. Thus, in that research, particleboards manufactured with and without paraffin addition were analyzed. Plywood and particleboard performances were evaluated based on the results of physical and mechanical tests recommended by the Brazilian code. The plywood\'s glue-shear strength tests were conducted according to European Standard in plywood. Results appear to the efficiency of both panels, when compared to demanded property values by national and international normative documents and values found in the literature, to those panels. The results showed that the castor oil-based polyurethane resin is promising glue for plywood and particleboard manufacture.

Large span timber trusses are usually built with glulam. One problem with large span glulam trusses is that the connections needed to transfer the load between truss members are often complex and expensive. Another issue is transportation. Building large span trusses out of structural timber instead, could be a way of simplifying the connections and at the same time increase the degree of on-site construction and thereby solving the transportation problem.In this study, a total of 18 laboratory tests were performed with the purpose of investigating the tensile strength and the load slip behavior of different connection designs for large span structural timber trusses. Six different test groups corresponding to six different connection designs were tested. The materials used include members made of C24 timber and gusset plates made of birch plywood, aluminum, and steel. Screws were used as fasteners for five test groups and adhesive was used for one group. The influence of different reinforcement techniques including reinforcement screws and added aluminum sheets was studied.The results showed a ductile failure behavior for all test groups except for the group where adhesive was used. However, a decrease of ductility was observed for groups were aluminum sheets were used on the outsides of the mid placed plywood gusset plate. A 12-17 % increase in capacity was observed due to the presence of aluminum sheets. The reinforcement screws had no significant effect on the capacity. However, the presence of reinforcement screws did lead to a reduction in scatter both regarding capacity and stiffness.

Veckbildning i bitumenbaserade tätskiktmattor är ett problem som är känt i branschen. Problemet uppstår oftast på underlagstak av trä som är byggda under årets fuktigaste period, oktober-november, och vecken börjar då att bildas i slutet av våren i takt med den ökande solinstrålningen. Vecken bildas när underlagstaket torkar ut och krymper, det leder till att tätskiktets infästningspunkter skjuts ihop och ett materialöverskott av tätskiktsmatta bildas – ett tillräckligt stort materialöverskott visar sig i form av ett veck. Idag kan veckbildningen leda till att tätskiktsmattor måste bytas ut av estetiska skäl. Denna rapport utreder vilka faktorer som påverkar risken för veckbildning. Rörelser i både trä och tätskikt har studerats. Träets rörelser är direkt beroende av dess fuktkvot, när träet torkar ut krymper det också. För att utreda de faktorer som påverkar träets fuktighet har fuktberäknings-programmet WUFI använts. WUFI har nyttjats för att göra en parameterstudie där olika parametrar har jämförts, till exempel: platser i landet, inbyggnadsfuktkvoter, tidpunkter för inbyggnad etc. Till skillnad från de flesta andra material krymper bitumenbaserade tätskikt initialt till följd av uppvärmning från solen. Hur träet och tätskiktet påverkar varandra till följd av deras inbördes rörelser har utretts i form av en hypotes. Antagandet utgår från att tätskiktets mekaniska infästningspunkter i underlagstaket är en viktig del - ju kortare avstånd mellan infästningspunkterna, desto högre är risken för veckbildning. Beräkningar, utifrån antagandet, har gjorts för att kunna jämföra olika utföranden med varandra. Faktorer som leder till minskad risk för veckbildning är att minska fuktkvotsändringen och därmed fuktrörelserna genom att bygga tak med så låg inbyggnadsfuktkvot som möjligt, till exempel genom att bygga under våren/sommaren. Vid byggnation under höst/vinter kan fuktkvoten hållas nere med en avfuktare. Att använda takplywood i stället för råspont leder till minskade rörelser i underlagstaket. En annan åtgärd som skulle minska risken för veckbildning är att öka den maximalt tillåtna krympningen i tätskiktet. / Creasing in roofing membranes is a problem that is familiar in the industry. The issue usually occurs on wooden roof deckings constructed during the wettest period of the year, October-November. The creases then begin to form at the end of the spring due to the increasing solar radiation. When the roof decking dries out and shrinks, the creases start to form. The shrinking leads to the attachment points of the roofing membrane getting pushed together. That creates an excess of material - a sufficiently large surplus of material appears in the form of a crease. Today, the formation of creases can lead to roofing membranes having to get replaced for aesthetic reasons. This report investigates the factors that affect the risk of creasing. Both the movement in the wood and the roofing membrane have been examined. The wood's motions are directly dependent on its moisture content. When the wood is drying, it's also shrinking. The moisture calculation program WUFI has been used to investigate the factors that affect the wood's moisture. The investigation is in the form of a parameter study where different parameters have been compared, for example, places in the country, built-in moisture ratios, built-in times, and more. Unlike most other materials, bituminous roofing membranes initially shrink due to heating from the sun. How the wood and the roofing membrane affect each other as a result of their respective movements has been investigated in the form of a hypothesis. It assumes that the mechanical attachment points of the roofing membrane in the roof decking are of importance - the shorter the distance between the attachment points, the higher the risk of creases. Calculations, based on the assumption, have been made to compare different roofing components with each other. Factors that lead to a reduced risk of creasing are to reduce the moisture ratio change and thus the moisture movements by building roofs with as low a built-in moisture ratio as possible, for example, by constructing in the spring/summer. When constructing during autumn/winter, the moisture ratio can be kept down with a dehumidifier. Using roof plywood instead of tongued and grooved board leads to reduced movements in the roof decking. Another measure that would reduce the risk of creasing is to increase the maximum allowable shrinkage in the roofing membrane.

The mechanisms and kinetics of combustion of waste wood as well as the phases during combustion processes are important to eliminate these wastes without any possible damage to environment. In the present study, combustion mechanisms, activation energy and pre-exponential constants, and phases of combustion were investigated for untreated natural pine and treated Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF), plywood and particleboard samples that involve some chemicals and additives. Waste wood samples were heated in air at 10, 20 and 30oC/min heating rates in a Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) from room temperature to 900oC. Thermogravimetry (TG) and Derivative Thermogravimetry (DTG) curves for all samples were obtained. The gases formed during combustion reactions were directly fed to a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) instrument coupled to TGA. Emission characteristics of the samples were determined in-situ by using the FTIR spectrums. As a result of TG analysis, thermal decomposition of treated samples was observed at lower temperatures as compared to the untreated pine sample because of the catalyzing effects of the chemicals in the treated samples. Therefore, there were less flammable products, lower weight losses in the main oxidation region, decrease in the max. weight loss temperatures and formation of more char for treated samples as compared to untreated pine sample. In other words, chemicals used during production of these samples lead to decrease in the combustibility of the treated samples. Thermal kinetic constants for the samples were calculated by using Coats Redfern and Broido Methods. In order to find out the mechanisms responsible for the oxidation of the waste wood samples in different regions, six solid state mechanisms of Coats Redfern Method were tested. As a result of FTIR analysis of the emitted gases from TG analysis, several chemical groups were detected from pine and treated samples. Combustion of all samples revealed some gases containing aromatics, C-H groups, CO2 and CO. However, there were some toxic and carcinogenic gases like formaldehyde, isocyanate group, ammonia, phenyl group and benzoylbromide among the emissions of treated samples which need utmost attention when recovering energy from treated waste woods.

Der Einsatz von Holz- und speziell Holzfurnierlagenverbundwerkstoffen (WVC) konzentrierte sich in den vergangen Jahrzehnten nahezu ausschließlich auf den Möbelbau und den Bausektor. Eine Verwendung von Holzwerkstoffen im Sinne einer angemessenen technischen Nutzung der vorhandenen Eigenschaften im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau wird hingegen aktuell kaum praktiziert. Der Vortrag zeigt anhand der Darstellung und Analyse des Standes der Technik Einsatzmöglichkeiten des Werkstoffes im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau auf und charakterisiert dabei die Bereiche, in denen noch verstärkt gearbeitet werden muss, um diese Einsatzmöglichkeiten angemessen nutzen zu können. Weiterhin werden grundlegend relevante Werkstoffeigenschaften für das angestrebte Einsatzgebiet charakterisiert und erste Einblicke in Bauformen aus WVC gegeben, mit denen ein praktischer Einsatz im Allgemeinen Maschinenbau und damit in der Fördertechnik technisch sinnvoll ist. / For the last decades the usage of plywood materials (Wood Veneer Composites) was mainly focused on furniture and civil engineering. At the moment there is no adequate technical use of wood based materials in mechanical engineering in respect to its particular properties. Following the state of the art several fields of application in mechanical engineering are presented as well as subjects were identified which need further investigation. Relevant material properties for the aspired technical application are characterized. Furthermore an insight in realized designs of WVC structures is given.

Orientador: Cristiane Inácio de Campos / Resumo: Nos últimos anos, o estudo do tratamento térmico na indústria madeireira vem chamando a atenção dos pesquisadores por ser mostrar como uma proposta de preservação sustentável em comparação aos tratamentos químicos tradicionalmente realizados. Com base nisto, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho do painel compensado produzido com lâminas termorretificadas e coladas com a resina poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona, uma alternativa para substituição do adesivo fenol-formaldeído, que possui a vantagem de ser de origem natural e de não liberar substâncias nocivas ao homem e ao meio ambiente. O processo de termorretificação foi realizado em três diferentes temperaturas (160, 180 e 200°C) e para duas formas de tratamento (prensa e estufa). As alterações ocorridas nas lâminas, após o tratamento, foram avaliadas por meio de testes de rugosidade, utilizando um perfilômetro, e de molhabilidade pelo método de gota, utilizando um goniômetro, os quais mostraram que com o aumento da temperatura as lâminas ficaram menos rugosas e molháveis. O método prensa se mostrou mais efetivo para realizar a termodegradação da madeira na análise do teor de extrativos totais realizado seguindo a norma TAPPI T-257:2012. As alterações verificadas na lâmina impactaram as propriedades físico-mecânicos do painel acabado que foram avaliadas por meio de ensaios recomendados por documentos normativos brasileiros: massa específica aparente (ABNT NBR 9485:2011), inchamento em espessura (ABNT NBR 95... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In recent years, the study of heat treatment in the wood industry has been attracting the attention of researchers as a proposal for sustainable use compared to the traditionally performed chemical methods. Based on this, this work aimed to evaluate the performance of plywood panel produced with heat-treated veneers and glued with a castor oil-based polyurethane resin, an alternative to replace the phenol-formaldehyde adhesive. The advantage of using polyurethane resin is its natural origin and do not release harmful substances to man and the environment. The heat treatment process was carried out at three different temperatures (160, 180 and 200 ° C) and for two forms of treatment. The changes occurred in the veneers, after treatment, were evaluated by roughness tests and wettability, using a goniometer. As the temperature increased, the veneers became less rough and wettable. The press method proved to be more effective to perform the thermo-degradation of wood in the analysis of the total extractive content carried based a TAPPI T-257: 2012 norm. The changes verified in the veneer impacted the physical-mechanical properties of the finished panel, which were evaluated through tests recommended by Brazilian normative documents: density (ABNT NBR 9485: 2011), thickness swelling (ABNT NBR 9535: 2011), moisture (ABNT NBR 9484: 2011), water absorption (ABNT NBR 9486: 2011 ), static bending test (ABNT NBR 9533: 2013) and glue shear strength (ABNT NBR ISO 12466-1: 2012). It was fo... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

This diploma project drala with the solution of manipulation with plywood for the Iveco Czech Republic a.s. bus floor production. Project considers just a manipulationby the CNC cutter. Evaulating of the recent Metod of manipulation, the suggestion of the new Metod of manipulation and the preparation of the possible variants. Evaulating of the variants and probably the suggestion of the new workplace arrangement.