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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

An error assessment of matrix multiplications on posit matrices / En bedömning av beräkningsfel vid matrismultiplikation av matriser fyllda med tal i Positformat.

Danell Håkansson, August, Johnsson, Mirja January 2020 (has links)
The posit is a floating-point number format as proposed by John Gustafson to improve upon the accuracy of the IEEE-754 format, which is the standard today. The goal of this paper was to look specifically at matrix multiplication and examine how the posit format compared to the IEEE-754. The quire which is part of the posit standard was not included in this paper due to limitations. We used the library softPosit in Python to construct arrays of matrices referred to as matrix chains. These matrices were filled with numbers in one format and bit size at a time. These chains were then multiplied together with normal matrix multiplication, and then we compared the error of the two formats. An IEEE- 754 matrix chain with more bits than the ones being compared was used as the reference to compare the accuracy between the IEEE-754 and the posit, as it pertains to matrix multiplication. The result was that the posit format could yield more accurate matrix multiplications, especially for matrix multiplications with few matrices of low dimension. When dimensions and number of matrices increased, however, the posit matrix produced an error that was greater than that of the IEEE-754 matrix. The conclusion was that posits, if used sensibly, can be a more accurate format for matrix multiplication but it is important to consider the properties inherent to the posit when dealing with matrix multiplication of matrices inhabited by posits. / Posit är John Gustafsons förslag på ett nytt format för att representera flyttal med bättre precision än det vedertagna formatet IEEE-754. På grund av avgränsningar användes inte quire-ackumulatorn som är en del av posit-standarden. Syftet med denna rapport var att genomföra matrismultiplikationer och jämföra de båda formatens resultat. Vi använde Pythonbiblioteket softPosit för att skapa listor av matriser som vi kallar för matriskedjor. Dessa matriser fylldes med tal uttryckta i de olika formaten och bitstorlekarna, i tur och ordning. Sedan utfördes matrismultiplikation på kedjorna, och felen som uppstått jämfördes mellan typerna. Som referens för detta användes IEEE-754 med fler bitar än vad talen som testades hade. Resultatet blev att positformated gav mer exakta svar. Särskilt märkbart var detta för matriskedjorna med få, mindre matriser. När dimensionerna och antalet matriser ökade hade IEEE-754 det klara övertaget. Slutsatsen blev att ett informerat och strategiskt användande av positformatet kan vara det bättre valet för matrismultiplikation, då det är viktigt att ta dess egenskaper i beaktande.
2

Illumination Independent Head Pose and Pupil Center Estimation for Gaze Computation

Oyini Mbouna, Ralph January 2011 (has links)
Eyes allow us to see and gather information about the environment. Eyes mainly act as an input organ as they collect light, but they also can be considered an output organ as they indicate the subject's gaze direction. Using the orientation of the head and the position of the eyes, it is possible to estimate the gaze path of an individual. Gaze estimation is a fast growing technology that track a person's eyes and head movements to "pin point" where the subject is looking at on a computer screen. The gaze direction is described as a person's line of sight. The gaze point, also known as the focus point, is defined as the intersection of the line of sight with the screen. Gaze tracking has an infinite number of applications such as monitoring driver alertness or helping track a person's eyes with a psychological disorder that cannot communicate his/her issues. Gaze tracking is also used as a human-machine interface for disabled people that have lost total control of their limbs. Another application of gaze estimation is marketing. Companies use the information given by the gaze estimation system from their customers to design their advertisements and products. / Electrical and Computer Engineering
3

Leveraging Posits for the Conjugate Gradient Linear Solver on an Application-Level RISC-V Core

Mallasén Quintana, David January 2022 (has links)
Emerging floating-point arithmetics provide a way to optimize the execution of computationally-intensive algorithms. This is the case with scientific computational kernels such as the Conjugate Gradient (CG) linear solver. Exploring new arithmetics is of paramount importance to maximize the accuracy and timing performance of these algorithms. In this thesis, I have studied the use of the novel posit arithmetic in hardware to improve the accuracy of the CG method. In particular, on PERCIVAL, an application-level RISC-V core with support for posits and quire. The open RISC-V architecture supplies a flexible platform for the exploration of new computer architecture studies. Previous works have tackled the use of posits in the high-performance computing and machine learning fields, amongst others. However, until recently, the lack of hardware support has been a significant barrier to their scalability. The key results from this thesis show that posits are a promising alternative when solving 1D and 2D Poisson equations using the CG linear solver. Notably, this novel arithmetic can execute as fast as IEEE 754 floating-point numbers on specialized hardware, and provide up to 2 orders of magnitude higher accuracy. This accuracy improvement spans both the error of the output values of the algorithms and the value of the final residual in the CG iterative method. Furthermore, the use of the quire accumulator register in the computation of dot-products in posit arithmetic significantly boosts the accuracy of the outputs. Since 32-bit posits perform practically as fast as 32-bit floats, and thus faster than 64-bit floats, they present an intermediate solution between single- and double-precision arithmetic. This paves the way for the deployment of high-efficiency solutions that make intensive use of floating-point operations. / Ny kommande flyttalsaritmetik ger ett sätt att optimera exekveringen av beräkningsintensiva algoritmer. Detta är fallet med vetenskapliga beräkningskärnor som den Conjugate Gradient (CG) metoden kräver. Att utforska ny aritmetik är av största vikt för att minska energikostnaderna för dessa algoritmer. I detta examensarbete har jag studerat användningen av den nya positaritmetiken i hårdvara för att förbättra noggrannheten i CG-metoden. I synnerhet på PERCIVAL, en RISC-V-kärna på applikationsnivå med stöd för posits och quire. Den öppna RISC-V-arkitekturen tillhandahåller en flexibel plattform för utforskning av nya dator arkitekturstudier. Tidigare arbeten har tagit itu med användningen av positurer inom områdena högpresterande datorer och maskininlärning, bland annat. Men fram till nyligen har bristen på hårdvarustöd varit ett betydande hinder för deras skalbarhet. Nyckelresultaten från denna avhandling visar att posits är ett lovande alternativ när man löser 1D och 2D Poisson-ekvationer med den linjära CG-lösaren. Noterbart kan denna nya aritmetik köra så snabbt som IEEE 754 flyttal på specialiserad hårdvara och ge upp till två storleksordningar högre noggrannhet. Denna noggrannhetsförbättring sträcker sig över både felet i algoritmernas utvärden och värdet på den slutliga residualen i den iterativa CG-metoden. Dessutom ökar användningen av quire-ackumulatorregistret vid beräkning av punktprodukter i positaritmetik avsevärt noggrannheten hos utsignalerna. Eftersom 32-bitars posits presterar praktiskt taget lika snabbt som 32-bitars flöten, och därmed snabbare än 64-bitars flöten, presenterar de en mellanlösning mellan enkel-och dubbelprecisionsaritmetik. Detta banar väg för utbyggnaden av högeffektiva lösningar som intensivt utnyttjar flyttalsoperationer.
4

Theology and the Gospel in a new paradigm

Lehmann, Lando Leonhardt 02 1900 (has links)
Philosophy & Systematic Theology / D. Th. (Systematic Theology)
5

Theology and the Gospel in a new paradigm

Lehmann, Lando Leonhardt 02 1900 (has links)
Philosophy and Systematic Theology / D. Th. (Systematic Theology)

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