<p>Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka svenska ungdomars värderingar, samt att utreda om det fanns någon skillnad mellan pojkar och flickors värderingar. Undersökningarna har tagit avstamp i Ronald Ingleharts teori om att den västerländska människan lämnar materialistiska värderingar för att anamma något som han kallar postmaterialism. Med detta menar han att människan söker inre lycka och personlig tillfredsställelse snarare än materiell välfärd och fysisk trygghet.</p><p>Metoden som använts har varit en enkätundersökning, där 51 ungdomar på en gymnasieskola i Sverige svarat på frågor om sina värderingar. Därefter har även kvalitativa intervjuer gjorts med fyra utav ungdomarna. Resultaten har sedan jämförts med liknande studier inom ämnesområdet. Undersökningen visade att informanternas värderingar, precis som Inglehart förutspått, var mer postmaterialistiska än vad de var materialistiska. Den pekade också på att ungdomarna värderade individualistiska värden högre än kollektivistiska. Undersökningen av pojkar och flickor visade att flickorna oftare värderade postmaterialistiska värden, såsom att vara trygg i sig själv och må bra, än vad pojkarna gjorde. Den pekade också på att pojkarna, i större grad än flickorna, hade individualistiska värderingar.</p> / <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the values of Swedish youth and explore whether there were any differences in the values of boys and girls. The study draws on the work of Ronald Ingleharts, who claims that western people are increasingly abandoning materialistic values in favour of inner satisfaction and personal freedom, also referred to as post-materialistic values.</p><p>To study this idea, students from a Swedish high school were asked to complete a questionnaire (N=51) and take part in an interview (N=4), addressing their current values and beliefs. The result of the study indicated that the students had more post-materialistic values than materialistic and that they had more individualistic values than collectivistic. It also showed that girls were more post-materialistic than boys, and that boys were more individualistic than girls.</p>

Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka svenska ungdomars värderingar, samt att utreda om det fanns någon skillnad mellan pojkar och flickors värderingar. Undersökningarna har tagit avstamp i Ronald Ingleharts teori om att den västerländska människan lämnar materialistiska värderingar för att anamma något som han kallar postmaterialism. Med detta menar han att människan söker inre lycka och personlig tillfredsställelse snarare än materiell välfärd och fysisk trygghet. Metoden som använts har varit en enkätundersökning, där 51 ungdomar på en gymnasieskola i Sverige svarat på frågor om sina värderingar. Därefter har även kvalitativa intervjuer gjorts med fyra utav ungdomarna. Resultaten har sedan jämförts med liknande studier inom ämnesområdet. Undersökningen visade att informanternas värderingar, precis som Inglehart förutspått, var mer postmaterialistiska än vad de var materialistiska. Den pekade också på att ungdomarna värderade individualistiska värden högre än kollektivistiska. Undersökningen av pojkar och flickor visade att flickorna oftare värderade postmaterialistiska värden, såsom att vara trygg i sig själv och må bra, än vad pojkarna gjorde. Den pekade också på att pojkarna, i större grad än flickorna, hade individualistiska värderingar. / The aim of this study was to investigate the values of Swedish youth and explore whether there were any differences in the values of boys and girls. The study draws on the work of Ronald Ingleharts, who claims that western people are increasingly abandoning materialistic values in favour of inner satisfaction and personal freedom, also referred to as post-materialistic values. To study this idea, students from a Swedish high school were asked to complete a questionnaire (N=51) and take part in an interview (N=4), addressing their current values and beliefs. The result of the study indicated that the students had more post-materialistic values than materialistic and that they had more individualistic values than collectivistic. It also showed that girls were more post-materialistic than boys, and that boys were more individualistic than girls.

Empirical evidence consistently shows that an emphasis on materialistic values negatively correlates with quality of life, both at an individual and societal level. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to a better understanding of this interrelationship. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part presents concepts both of quality of life and materialism as well as contemporary approaches to their research and measurement. Special attention is paid to the concept of eudaimonic well-being as a core concept of optimal human functioning, and to the concept of post-materialism as a value orientation that emphasizes self-expression and quality of life. The thesis is based on two propositions referring to the relation between quality of life and materialistic value orientation. On the one hand, materialism facilitates an economic development and market economy of a given society. At a certain level of economic development there is a tendency to shift to post-materialistic values associated with autonomy, self-realization and personal growth. This value shift is not effortless, as the other proposition claims. The consumer-driven culture produced by the modern economy promotes material values. It claims that the route to happiness and well-being is through...

The thesis "Determinants of environmental concern" is a quantitative analysis that deals with determinants of environmental concern, the scale of new ecological paradigm, environmental behavior and ecological activism. It uses data from an international survey "International Social Survey Project Environment III" from year 2010. Strong predictors came out from the analysis, mainly cultural differences of the respondents and education. The inhabitants of Western Europe and English speaking countries have the strongest environmental concern, in contrast, in post communist countries of Eastern Europe is this concern the smallest. Post materialists and inhabitants of the richer countries have stronger environmental concern and they believe more in science and progress solving ecological problems. The perception of consequences of ecological problems on everyday life is also a strong determinant from which suffers mostly localities out of Europe. The recycling waste is most often carried away in Western Europe and English speaking countries. A strong correlation is between finished education and environmental concern as well as ecological activism, there is a weaker connection to saving natural resources.

This diploma thesis aims to map the work that Ronald Inglehart published after the year 2000 and to include it in the concept of historical sociology. In my work I deal with a total of seven books, which I subject to critical reflection and at the same time I compare with other authors who commented on the given topics. The work will touch on theories of modernization, democratization, secularization and to a lesser extent civilization analysis. I will also add remarks and observations from the point of view of quantitative methodology, as Inglehart's theories are based on a large amount of quantitative data based on questionnaire surveys. The first part of my work deals with modernization theory, the next part deals with secularization and the third part focuses on the analysis of civilization. In modernization and secularization, I will first introduce versions of the theories that Inglehart and co-authors published during the first decade of the 21st century. After that, I will always reflect on recent work (2017- 2021). In the civilization part, which is the shortest, I will summarize his findings across his work. At the end of his work, Inglehart also makes predictions about future society. I also intend to analyze these findings in my diploma thesis. At the end of the work I evaluate the...

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