Submitted by Cristiane de Melo Shirayama (cristiane.shirayama@unifesp.br) on 2018-04-10T18:54:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rubia de Araujo Ramos.pdf: 838525 bytes, checksum: eacc735736cc43d276b4b49d7c372706 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diogo Misoguti (diogo.misoguti@gmail.com) on 2018-04-11T18:48:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Rubia de Araujo Ramos.pdf: 838525 bytes, checksum: eacc735736cc43d276b4b49d7c372706 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-11T18:48:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rubia de Araujo Ramos.pdf: 838525 bytes, checksum: eacc735736cc43d276b4b49d7c372706 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-28 / A necessidade de reflexão sobre as condições da vida social contemporânea é a razão que anima esta pesquisa. Trata-se de um estudo sobre o pensamento sociológico e político de Alain Touraine, que em sua fase mais recente busca compreender a vida social entre os limites da racionalização e da subjetivação. Para realizá-la, construo uma análise da concepção do autor sobre modernidade e “sociedade pós-industrial”, de modo a obter uma exposição das origens e ascendências do conceito de sujeito. A seleção de alguns conceitos do repertório touraineano, tais como dissociação e desmodernização, serve de base teórica para descrever as disposições do meio social que, segundo essa perspectiva, corroboram a construção de um novo paradigma, onde emerge o sujeito. Três períodos distintos da modernidade são descritos para compor o conjunto formador da reflexão acerca dos contrassensos e das mudanças significativas da história ocidental moderna, assim como, da necessidade de questões culturais protagonizarem os conflitos no âmbito da vida social, conforme Touraine defende. As condições democráticas na sociedade pós-industrial, discutidas pelo autor, registram os desdobramentos do fenômeno da dissociação, revelando a democracia como porta de entrada para o retorno do ator, apresentado na figura do sujeito, e a conquista da unidade dos Estados modernos. Em linhas gerais, a Sociologia de Touraine mostra as nuances entre a noção de sujeito e de cultura democrática, sendo que o primeiro se destaca pela ação que lhe é intrínseca, a capacidade de transformação e reconstrução da modernidade. / The need to reflect about the social life condition at contemporary times is the main reason that inspires this research. It refers to a study regard to the sociological and political Alain Touraine’s thoughts. His most recent work try to understand the limit of rationalization and the subjective perception of social life. In this manner, I am putting together an analysis about author point of view regarding the modernity and ‘postindustrial society’, with purpose to obtain a clear exposition about the origin and ancestry of subject concept. The selection of some Touraine’s repertory concepts, like dissociation and anti-modernization, provides a theoretical basis to describe the arrangements of social milieu which according to this perspective, imposes the construction of a new archetype, where the subject arises. Three distinct modern periods are described as a builder of the reflection group around nonsenses and meaningful changes of occidental modern history, in the same way that the necessity of cultural questions, perform conflicts in the social life environment, just like Touraine supports. According to author’s discussions, the democratic conditions at postindustrial society, lead to an outcome of the dissociation phenomenon, emphasizing the democracy, first, as an entrance gate to the main player return, represented in this case, by the subject figure and second, as the main pillar of the modern unified State. In general words, the regulated content of Touraine’s Sociology, just reveals the slight border between subject sense and the democratic culture, where the first one is distinguished by his particular role in society, or in another way, the capacity to transform and rebuild the modernity.

Young white men with a working background are described as the losers of the postindustrial society: as being in a marginalized position in which they are at risk of being rejected in the educational system, in the labour market and in social relations. This study examines to which degree the descriptions, provided by the Swedish political parties Socialdemokraterna and Moderaterna through semi-structured interviews, of a marginalization among young white men with a working class background in Sweden coincides with ideas of the postindustrial knowledge society as an explanatory model. Further, the study examines the solutions presented by the parties as a response to a marginalization among young white men with a working background in Sweden. The result shows that the problematization of a marginalization among these young men largely coincides with the postindustrial knowledge society as an explanatory model. Furthermore, it is possible to identify ideological dividing lines in the solutions that are launched: where collectivist views of society are most evident in the solutions presented by Socialdemokraterna, and individualistic views of society in the solutions presented by Moderaterna. An optimistic view of man is further identified in the solutions presented by both parties.

Kladno used to be one of the symbols of industry in the period before 1989, with a long tradition in coal mining and steel processing. And so the whole Kladensko been several generations of labor associated with these activities either directly in the industry itself or sector services necessary for the operation of mines and steel mills. The beginning of the nineties meant for this area great bewilderment and incomprehension, metallurgical and mining operations gradually ceased operating and the region began to grapple with a hitherto unknown phenomenon of unemployment. This thesis deals with the "destiny" of the region during the second half of the 20th century to the present. Qualitative research methods in the form of oral history interviews will try to map out the life stories of individuals associated with the aforementioned changes, to adapt to new social circumstances and views about their life before and after 1989. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The diploma thesis "State Approach to Volunteers" deals with the evolution of the state's relationship to voluntary activities in Czech society, with an emphasis on the period since 1989. The starting point is the setting of volunteerism into the context of postindutrial society, which urges us to revise our values orientation, the possibilities of the labour market, our access to life-long education and our level of social cohesion. The essay pays attention to the analysis of the state's approach to the phenomena of volunteerism (in the role of a supporter) and to the resulting position of volunteers in Czech society, stressing the steps that were made to support volunteerism by the state. It analyses the statistical data that deals with the characteristics of organisation, and the projects that have been supported in connection with the Act on Voluntary Service 198/2002. Further, it presents a comparison of the problematic fields of Czech legislation on volunteering with the Polish and Hungarian legislation on volunteering. Finally, it suggests steps and arrangements that could be used in the further support of voluntary activities in the Czech environment.

O trabalho humano nem sempre foi considerado tarefa dignificante. Na Grécia e em Roma, na Antiguidade, as tarefas braçais eram desempenhadas por escravos, cabendo à classe abastada dedicar-se à filosofia ou a atividades ligadas às guerras. No período feudal, a escravidão foi substituída pela servidão; porém, isso não representou uma melhora de vida para os novos subjugados. Com o desmantelamento do feudalismo e do absolutismo, surgia, na sociedade agrária inglesa, o capitalismo que, mais tarde, seria utilizado pela Revolução Industrial. O trabalho passou, dessa forma, por uma revalorização conceitual, significando o centro da identidade humana na sociedade. Surgia a figura do emprego e do desemprego. A vida passou a ser sincronizada pelo relógio da fábrica, através de uma sistemática na automação denominada taylorismo e fordismo, o que propiciou um incremento na produção industrial e gerou um aumento expressivo nos lucros. O sistema capitalista começou a dar sinais de desgaste, e o desemprego passou a ser estrutural e tecnológico. Surge o toyotismo, trazendo a flexibilização e a desregulamentação das relações de trabalho. O desemprego passou a ter contornos epidêmicos, o que foi agravado pela evolução tecnológica e pelo surgimento da globalização. A crise do capitalismo foi revelada pelas contradições sociais, sendo que a riqueza de poucos era sustentada pela pobreza de muitos. Além disso, os danos ao meio ambiente colocaram em risco a vida no planeta Terra. A sociedade pós-industrial, também chamada Era do Conhecimento , vive período de transição e aposta alternativas: o terceiro setor pesquisa novas formas de produção de energia, simultaneidade do trabalho e tempo livre, o ressurgimento do socialismo, a modificação de padrões éticos. Na tarefa de reconstrução do futuro, deve-se levar em consideração que a busca do conhecimento científico-tecnológico deve agir em prol da humanidade, deixando de ser instrumento de aumento de riqueza capitalista. Assim, na busca de sinalizadores que indiquem a rota a ser tomada, utilizando-se a metáfora dos fogos de santelmo, entende-se que a solução está na modificação dos princípios éticos. Edgar Morin chama isso de antropo-ética; Sócrates e Platão afirmam isso através do verdadeiro conhecimento, da felicidade e do idealismo; Aristóteles indica a justiça como a maior virtude; Cícero nos mostra a ética estóica através do respeito a si próprio, ao universo e às leis cósmicas; a doutrina cristã prega esses princípios por intermédio do amor, da caridade e da justiça; Kant nos ensina o imperativo categórico; Gandhi ensina a não-violência. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-15T17:24:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Francisco O C Kury.pdf: 572697 bytes, checksum: 4662808da3007192f9cc8d9e519f7a84 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-15T17:24:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Francisco O C Kury.pdf: 572697 bytes, checksum: 4662808da3007192f9cc8d9e519f7a84 (MD5) / The human labour wasn t always considered as worthy task. In Greece and Rome, in the Antiquity, the manual tasks were done by slaves, fitting to the supplied class the dedication on philosophy or activities related to wars. In the feudal period, the slavery was replaced by the servitude, but it did not represent an improvement of life for the new overwhelmd. With the dismantle of the feudalism and the absolutism, it began, in the English field society, the capitalism that, later, would be used by the Industrial Revolution. The labour passed, this way, through a conceptual revaluing, meaning the center of the human being identity in the society. The employment and unemployment was born. Life started to be sycronized with the worktime by an automation system called taylorism and fordism, which created an increment on the industrial production and an expressive increase in the profits. The capitalist system started to give wear out signals, and the unemployment started to be structural and technological. The toyotism appears, bringing the flexibilization and the deregulation of the work relations. The unemployment started to have epidemic contours, what got worse with the technological evolution and the sprouting of the globalization. The crisis of the capitalism was disclosed through the social contradictions, such as the wealth of few was supported by the poverty of many, moreover, damages to the environment put the life on earth at risk The postindustrial society, also called Age of the Knowledge , lives a period of transition and bets in alternatives: the third sector, research in new forms of energy production, concurrence of work and free time, the reappearance of the socialism, the changes of ethical standards. As task of reconstruction of the future it must be led in consideration that the search of the technological-scientific knowledge must act in favour of humanity, and stop being instrument of increase of capitalist wealth. Therefore, in search of beepers that indicate the route to be taken, and using the metaphor of St. Elmo s Fire), it s understandable that the solution is in the modification of the ethical principles: Edgar Morin calls it antropo-ethics; Sócrates and Platão affirm this through the true knowledge, the happiness and the idealism; Aristóteles indicates justice as the biggest virtue; Cícero shows us the stoic ethics through the self-respect, to the universe and its cosmic laws; the Christian doctrine fold these principles through love, charity and justice; Kant teaches the categorical imperative; Gandhi teaches the not-violence.

O trabalho humano nem sempre foi considerado tarefa dignificante. Na Grécia e em Roma, na Antiguidade, as tarefas braçais eram desempenhadas por escravos, cabendo à classe abastada dedicar-se à filosofia ou a atividades ligadas às guerras. No período feudal, a escravidão foi substituída pela servidão; porém, isso não representou uma melhora de vida para os novos subjugados. Com o desmantelamento do feudalismo e do absolutismo, surgia, na sociedade agrária inglesa, o capitalismo que, mais tarde, seria utilizado pela Revolução Industrial. O trabalho passou, dessa forma, por uma revalorização conceitual, significando o centro da identidade humana na sociedade. Surgia a figura do emprego e do desemprego. A vida passou a ser sincronizada pelo relógio da fábrica, através de uma sistemática na automação denominada taylorismo e fordismo, o que propiciou um incremento na produção industrial e gerou um aumento expressivo nos lucros. O sistema capitalista começou a dar sinais de desgaste, e o desemprego passou a ser estrutural e tecnológico. Surge o toyotismo, trazendo a flexibilização e a desregulamentação das relações de trabalho. O desemprego passou a ter contornos epidêmicos, o que foi agravado pela evolução tecnológica e pelo surgimento da globalização. A crise do capitalismo foi revelada pelas contradições sociais, sendo que a riqueza de poucos era sustentada pela pobreza de muitos. Além disso, os danos ao meio ambiente colocaram em risco a vida no planeta Terra. A sociedade pós-industrial, também chamada Era do Conhecimento , vive período de transição e aposta alternativas: o terceiro setor pesquisa novas formas de produção de energia, simultaneidade do trabalho e tempo livre, o ressurgimento do socialismo, a modificação de padrões éticos. Na tarefa de reconstrução do futuro, deve-se levar em consideração que a busca do conhecimento científico-tecnológico deve agir em prol da humanidade, deixando de ser instrumento de aumento de riqueza capitalista. Assim, na busca de sinalizadores que indiquem a rota a ser tomada, utilizando-se a metáfora dos fogos de santelmo, entende-se que a solução está na modificação dos princípios éticos. Edgar Morin chama isso de antropo-ética; Sócrates e Platão afirmam isso através do verdadeiro conhecimento, da felicidade e do idealismo; Aristóteles indica a justiça como a maior virtude; Cícero nos mostra a ética estóica através do respeito a si próprio, ao universo e às leis cósmicas; a doutrina cristã prega esses princípios por intermédio do amor, da caridade e da justiça; Kant nos ensina o imperativo categórico; Gandhi ensina a não-violência. / The human labour wasn t always considered as worthy task. In Greece and Rome, in the Antiquity, the manual tasks were done by slaves, fitting to the supplied class the dedication on philosophy or activities related to wars. In the feudal period, the slavery was replaced by the servitude, but it did not represent an improvement of life for the new overwhelmd. With the dismantle of the feudalism and the absolutism, it began, in the English field society, the capitalism that, later, would be used by the Industrial Revolution. The labour passed, this way, through a conceptual revaluing, meaning the center of the human being identity in the society. The employment and unemployment was born. Life started to be sycronized with the worktime by an automation system called taylorism and fordism, which created an increment on the industrial production and an expressive increase in the profits. The capitalist system started to give wear out signals, and the unemployment started to be structural and technological. The toyotism appears, bringing the flexibilization and the deregulation of the work relations. The unemployment started to have epidemic contours, what got worse with the technological evolution and the sprouting of the globalization. The crisis of the capitalism was disclosed through the social contradictions, such as the wealth of few was supported by the poverty of many, moreover, damages to the environment put the life on earth at risk The postindustrial society, also called Age of the Knowledge , lives a period of transition and bets in alternatives: the third sector, research in new forms of energy production, concurrence of work and free time, the reappearance of the socialism, the changes of ethical standards. As task of reconstruction of the future it must be led in consideration that the search of the technological-scientific knowledge must act in favour of humanity, and stop being instrument of increase of capitalist wealth. Therefore, in search of beepers that indicate the route to be taken, and using the metaphor of St. Elmo s Fire), it s understandable that the solution is in the modification of the ethical principles: Edgar Morin calls it antropo-ethics; Sócrates and Platão affirm this through the true knowledge, the happiness and the idealism; Aristóteles indicates justice as the biggest virtue; Cícero shows us the stoic ethics through the self-respect, to the universe and its cosmic laws; the Christian doctrine fold these principles through love, charity and justice; Kant teaches the categorical imperative; Gandhi teaches the not-violence.

El cambio social acaecido las últimas décadas desafía la filosofía política. André Gorz puede ser definido como un crítico moderno del productivismo como uno de los mitos fundantes de la modernidad. Revisa críticamente la tradición socialista mostrando la necesidad de reconsiderar la utopía y actualizar las ideologías emancipatorias. En cuanto a epistemología y ontología, asume una combinación de teoría social de la acción básicamente marxista, con una visión fenomenólogica-existencialista del sujeto. Su contribución clave es la descentralización y la reconsideración de la idea de trabajo, como mediación central en la interacción social y el metabolismo naturaleza-sociedad. No ha sido permeable al giro lingüístico y la crisis del sujeto en la filosofía contemporánea, pero ha abierto una perspectiva postproductivista en el análisis contemporáneo vinculando el postmarxismo con el ecologismo político en un mismo marco teórico coherente. / The social shift suffered last decades poses new challenges to Political Philosophy. André Gorz can be faced as a modern critic who points out productivism as one of the funding myths of modernity. He critically reviews the socialist tradition showing the need to reconsider the utopia and actualise emancipator ideologies. Related to epistemology and ontology, Gorz assumes a combination of social theory based on the idea of praxis (mainly Marxian) with a phenomenological-existentialist view of the subject. The key contribution in his work is the de-centralisation and re-consideration of the idea of labour, as core mediation in social interaction and nature-society metabolism. He is far to be receptive to the debate open by linguistic turn and the crisis of subject in contemporary philosophy, but he has opened a postproductivist outlook of industrial society that link postmarxism and political ecology into a coherent theoretical framework.

Organic architecture is often used term especially in connection with the daring and experimental form. The exact definition or division is still missing. The founder of modern organic architecture is to be generally considered as Frank Loyd Wright. He was the man who created organic architecture and also made first definition in the early twentieth century, when formulating new architectural styles. Dissertation deals with insufficiently described problem of organic architecture. The main focus is on contemporary production of residential organic architecture in Central Europe. Especially on the particular realizations in Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Austria, Germany and Poland. Beside detail description of European realizations, the dissertation deals also with foundations of organic architecture in U.S.A. and important realizations here. Modern organic architecture primarily originated in the United States of America. The work presents most important contemporary realizations and architects creating resident living organic architecture in other countries around the world in order to complete the overview. The objective of dissertation was describing newest trends in designing buildings for living. Find position of organic architecture and give reasons for it´s increasing popularity, spread and necessity for new development in architecture according to the new trends. Organic architecture is an alternative way of contemporary residential living. It´s popularity is growing in last years in response to the development of modern technologies and materials, the need to protect our natural resources and also to the increasing negatives of globalization and to denial of local traditions and regional specificities. Aspects of organic forms were divided into three main groups according to their main characteristics: form, harmony and sustainable development. Another objective was find location of contemporary organic residential architecture in Czech Republic and abroad. It is rather spread all over the world than concentrated on certain places. Therefore I selected countries that are richer than the others on the occurrence of organic buildings. The objective was also to address architects, specialists, public and especially university teachers of architecture and students themselves. Communication with them was mainly connected with grant project in 2010. The theme of grant project was contemporary organic architecture in residential living. There were lectures about contemporary organic architecture and exhibition on the theme: Contemporary living organic architecture. The publication of the catalog was published under the title: Contemporary organic houses - Europe. I had the opportunity to visit a number of organic family houses abroad. Specifically houses in Slovakia, Hungary and Germany. Results of survey, which was realized by questions to owners and authors of chosen buildings, are included in dissertation. The mail results of dissertation are - make a detail review of organic architecture in residential living - define trends in contemporary organic architecture and residential living - obtain and process answers from owners and authors of chosen buildings within survey - analysis of organic house ( houses) in city planning and landscape - publication of catalogue focused on organic contemporary European houses - article about contemporary organic architecture and residential living will be published in 2012 on archiweb page