Originally published as the author's Thesis--Freiburg Universität, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.

La fin du 6e millénaire et le début du 5e millénaire constituent une des périodes les moins connues de la préhistoire du Levant sud. Dans ce contexte, les fouilles menées sur le site de Tel Tsaf, dans la vallée du Jourdain, offrent une opportunité inédite d’apporter un éclairage sur les sociétés de cette période. Cette étude s’est attachée, à travers la définition des systèmes de production, de distribution et d’utilisation des céramiques, à définir le fonctionnement social et économique du site et, au-delà, à adresser son statut au niveau régional. Nous avons pour cela développé une approche techno-pétrographique des assemblages céramiques, fondée sur l’identification des chaînes opératoires de production technique. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons replacé l’assemblage céramique de Tel Tsaf dans le cadre plus large de la vallée du Jourdain et du Levant, à travers des comparaisons au niveau micro et macro-régional. Cette étude s’est avérée particulièrement riche. A l’échelle du site, elle nous a permis de mettre en évidence une société complexe et multi-culturelle. A l’échelle de la région, elle nous a permis de définir une communauté de pratiques au sein de la vallée du Jourdain et de mettre en évidence un phénomène de migration depuis le Levant nord, sur le site de Tel Tsaf. À l’appui des résultats de ce travail, ainsi que des études comparatives réalisées sur le matériel des sites de Beth Shean XVIII et d’Abu Gosh III – Jasmine street, il nous a été possible de proposer une réflexion d’ensemble sur la vallée du Jourdain et le Levant sud au tournant du 5e millénaire / The late 6th-early 5th millenium BC is one of the least known of the southern Levant prehistoric periods. In this context, the excavations on the site of Tel Tsaf, in the Jordan Valley, offer an unprecedented opportunity to shed light on communities from that period. This study aimed, through the definition of production systems, distribution and use of ceramics, to define the social and economic functioning of the site and beyond, to address its regional status. In this purpose, we have developed a techno-petrographical approach of the ceramic assemblage, based on the identification of chaînes opératoires. Secondly, we recontextualized the ceramic assemblage of Tel Tsaf in the broader context of the Jordan Valley and the Levant, through comparisons at micro and macro-regional level.This study prooved particularly rich. At the site level, it allowed us to highlight a complex and multi-cultural society. At the regional scale, it allowed us to define a community of practice in the Jordan Valley and highlight a phenomenon of migration from the northern Levant, to the site of Tel Tsaf. Regarding our results on Tel Tsaf, as well as comparative studies on the material of Beth Shean XVIII sites and Abu Gosh III - Jasmine street, we attempted to provide a broader reflection on the Jordan Valley and the Southern Levant at the turn of the 5th millennium.

The thesis presents results of the excavation of an early bronze aged settlement on the cadaster of Zdice in Beroun region. The detailed analysis of its pottery complex provides a base for chronological determination of the settlement and defines its components. Special attention is also paid to the issue of settlement burials of Urnfield culture.

The aim of the work is to broaden the knowledge of historical bourgeois material culture in the centre of České Budějovice. The analysis focuses on pottery wares and other material obtained during the rescue archaeological excavation on the plot of house no. 23. The morphological as well as technological characteristics of the assemblage under study are observed and provide a better understanding of the evolution and transformation of the material culture of the medieval city.

Architecture and Activity Areas in ConchopataThis paper presents the results from excavations conducted during 1997 and 1998 in Conchopata, Ayacucho, Peru, when we discovered a ceremonial area with espectacular offering deposits consisting of urns and jars intentionally broken, associated with human skulls, camelids burials and a possible solar clock. In addition, we have identified pottery workshops, offering areas, human burials and household units where residents of the Huari epoch lived. Polychrome iconography on the ceramics represents mythological figures related to "the staff god" from Tiwanaku, as well as new images of warriors holding weapons and shields and other important persons dressed in clothing similar to known Huari textiles. / Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en las excavaciones realizadas en Conchopata en 1997 y 1998, durante las cuales se descubrió un área ceremonial con espectaculares depósitos de ofrendas correspondientes a urnas de cerámica rotas intencionalmente. A éstos se asociaban cráneos humanos, entierros de camélidos y un posible reloj solar. Asimismo, se han identificado talleres de producción de cerámica, áreas de ofrendas y entierros humanos, así como las unidades domésticas donde vivieron estos antiguos pobladores de la época Huari. La iconografía de la cerámica no sólo reproduce deidades mitológicas vinculadas al "Dios de los báculos" de Tiwanaku, sino que amplía su repertorio con la presencia de guerreros con armas y escudos, así como personajes importantes con indumentaria que aparece en los textiles.

How did the early colonial regime impact the potter’s craft in the Andes? How can documentary and material evidence of pottery production allow us to better understand that period? This article proposes a methodology to answer both questions. It suggests that it is necessary to use explicit analytic models about potters when dealing with ceramic evidence. In this context, several models about potters are proposed for the early colonial period, and three specific cases showing the diversity of strategies employed by artisans of that period are discussed. / ¿Cómo el régimen colonial temprano afectó el oficio de alfarero en los Andes? Cómo la evidencia documental y material sobre alfarería nos permite comprender mejor ese periodo? Este artículo propone una metodología para responder ambas interrogantes. Con tal objetivo, se sugiere la necesidad de emplear modelos analíticos explícitos sobre alfareros cuando se estudia evidencia cerámica. En este contexto, se proponen algunos modelos alfareros para el periodo colonial temprano y se discuten tres casos específicos que muestran la diversidad de estrategias empleadas por los alfareros en ese periodo.

Les temples égyptiens de Doukki Gel, à Kerma (Soudan), ont été bâtis sous le règne de Thoutmosis Ier, au centre d’un ensemble religieux et cérémoniel du Kerma Classique. Les fouilles du site ont livré de grandes quantités de céramiques, dont l’étude constitue la matière de cette thèse. De concert avec l’analyse stratigraphique et l’épigraphie, l’approche typologique de la poterie, premier axe de recherche, a contribué à la datation de nombreux contextes archéologiques. Par ailleurs, six phases de développement ont été mises en évidence, au sein du corpus céramique du Nouvel Empire, depuis la fin du Kerma Classique. Le second axe de recherche, l’analyse technologique, basée principalement sur le système dit « de Vienne », a permis de définir des variantes locales des pâtes de tradition égyptienne, alors que la tradition Kerma a fait l’objet d’un système de classification particulier. L’étude indique que la grande majorité du matériel des deux traditions était fabriqué localement, et révèle des influences réciproques entre Nubiens et Égyptiens, dues à la situation singulière de ce site. Une analyse des données quantitatives du matériel récolté dans différents secteurs permet en outre de proposer une identification fonctionnelle des espaces et de la circulation des denrées dans le cadre des activités cultuelles, au sein de trois organisations architecturales successives. Ces données suggèrent également une longue survivance de la tradition Kerma déclinante, à l’échelle locale ou régionale, pendant le Nouvel Empire. / The Egyptian temples at Dokki Gel, Kerma (Sudan), were built during the reign of Thutmose I, in the heart of a Classic Kerma religious and ceremonial compound. The excavations of the site have yielded a huge number of potsherds whose study constitute the focus of this thesis. The typological approach, combined with stratigraphic analysis and epigraphy, has allowed the dating of many archaeological contexts. Moreover, six development phases within the New Kingdom ceramic corpus were identified, starting at the end of the Classic Kerma. The technological analysis, relying mainly on the so-called « Vienna System », led to the definition of local variants of egyptian pottery fabrics, whereas the Kerma material had to be classified separately. A large majority of pottery from both traditions was most likely produced locally and shows signs of mutual influences between Nubians and Egyptians. Analysis of the quantitative data of ceramic assemblages gathered from various sectors brings us to an identification of probable space functions, and movement of commodities within the framework of temple cult ativities and according to three successive architectural organizations. They also suggest a long period of survival of the declining Kerma pottery tradition, during the New Kingdom.

Submitted by WAGNER PENEDO PRIANTE null (wagnerpriante@gmail.com) on 2016-06-30T17:23:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Wagner Penedo Priante - Dissertação Mestrado - Unesp-IA.pdf: 24482645 bytes, checksum: a04d26709c7d47ae1c3253b2bb09dd3c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-07-04T17:46:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 priante_wp_me_ia.pdf: 24482645 bytes, checksum: a04d26709c7d47ae1c3253b2bb09dd3c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-04T17:46:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 priante_wp_me_ia.pdf: 24482645 bytes, checksum: a04d26709c7d47ae1c3253b2bb09dd3c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-06 / A pesquisa que resultou nesta dissertação teve como objeto de estudo a cerâmica dos Tapajó, em abordagem que privilegiou reconhecer o conjunto dessa produção e verificar, na análise estrutural de seus objetos, alguns elementos formais recorrentes. Também se buscou investigar como procedimentos inerentes ao fazer cerâmico possam ter sido empregados no processo, observando-se singularidades de algumas peças. Durante todo o percurso, procedeu-se ainda ao registro de impressões e inspirações que foram propulsoras de processo criativo do autor. Num diálogo entre pensamento e ação, teoria e prática, palavras e objetos, a pesquisa finalizou-se com a elaboração de um conjunto de objetos e esculturas em cerâmica, os quais expõem, em sua visualidade, percepções desse artista ceramista contemporâneo sobre o que foi investigado. / In this research, I investigated the ceramics of the Tapajos people, in approach that had opted to recognise the setting this production and verify, in structural analysis of its objects, some formal elements. It also sought to investigate how procedures inherent in ceramic making may have been employed in the process, observing singularities of some objects. Throughout the course, impressions and inspirations were also collected and stimulated the creative process of the author. In a dialogue between thought and action, theory and practice, words and objects, the research concluded with the elaboration of a set of objects and ceramic sculptures, which expose, in its visuality, perceptions of this contemporary artist ceramist about what was investigated.

An Approach to the Formative Period in the Chillón ValleyThe author describes 29 Formative sites in the Chillon Valley subdivided into monumental architecture (U-shaped buildings, pyramid with circular sunken courts and simple pyramids) and 17 domestic sites. A typology of the recollected ceramics is given as well as comparisons with other sites and chronological proposals. U-shaped complexes are concentrated in the lower valley but located up to km 59. Huacoy is the largest one of them, communicated with Ancon and related with 8000 has of arable land. Chocas is probably a minor copy of Huacoy and part of the system, while Pucara integrates the middle valley. / El autor describe 29 sitios del Formativo en el valle de Chillón. Los subdivide en arquitectura monumental: edificios en forma de U, pirámide y recinto circular hundido y pirámides simples además de 17 sitios domésticos. Se presenta una tipología cerámica con propuestas anteriores. La distribución de los complejos en U se percibe hasta el kilómetro 59 pero se concentra en la parte baja; Huacoy es el mayor de ellos, comunicado con Ancón y relacionado con 8000 hectáreas de tierra cultivable. Chocas probablemente es una copia menor de Huacoy y parte del sistema, mientras que Pucara integra el valle medio.

San Jacinto 1, an archaeological site located in the savanna region of the north coast of Colombia, South America, reveals evidence for logistically mobile hunter-gatherers who made pottery and collected and processed plants from 5940 ± 60 BP until 5190 ± 40 BP (6000-5000 BC calibrated dates). The site is discussed in terms of the social and economic context of the early evidence of pottery in the New World. Social activities and aggregation are indicated and tied to the use of logistic mobility strategies within a restricted territoriality in a highly seasonal environment. Lithic technology also points to the intensification of plant processing as an early stage in the continuum leading to a dependency on food production. This is the first time that a special-purpose site of this kind has been reported for the American tropics. / San Jacinto 1, un sitio arqueológico localizado en la región sabanera de la costa norte de Colombia, revela la evidencia de cazadores-recolectores que realizaron trabajos de alfarería y procesaron plantas silvestres desde 5940 ± 60 a.p. hasta 5190 ± 40 a.p. (6000-5000 a.C. en fechados calibrados). El sitio es tratado en términos del contexto social y económico de evidencia temprana de alfarería en el Nuevo Mundo. Las actividades sociales y el conjunto de artefactos arqueológicos están relacionados con el uso de estrategias de movilidad logística dentro de un territorio restringido en un ambiente muy estacional. La tecnología lítica se relaciona con el procesamiento de plantas silvestres recolectadas, algo que representa, al parecer, una etapa temprana en el proceso que llevó a una dependencia de la producción de alimentos. Esta es la primera vez que un sitio con propósitos especiales de este tipo es reportado para los trópicos americanos.