State attorney's supervision in preliminary criminal proceedings Abstract The diploma thesis relates to State attorney's rights and duties in criminal proceedings. Since the topic of a State Attorney's role in criminal proceedings is broad and the extent of that would exceed the limits of this work, the author have chosen to center the work around supervision of a state attorney as a major part of criminal proceedings that ensures the legality of the criminal process. The work has been split into 6 chapters. In introduction author briefly explains, why he chose the topic, and why he does think this theme is something, that should be worked upon in greater detail. First chapters are concerned with state attorney's office and the scope of its authority that is given to it by the constitution and the statutes. The preliminary criminal proceedings is introduced as a phase of criminal process with its functions and meaning that should is leading to specific decisions. Third chapter is the beginning of the core of this diploma thesis and is dedicated to theoretical description of supervision and its forms. One that can be done strictly by certain state attorney in specific criminal proceeding and the second that is done within the hierarchy of state attorney's offices. Next chapters are about the applications of...

Participation of barrister in preliminary proceeding Abstract (ENG) The right of defense I one of the fundamental human rights and one of the most important rights connected with the right to judicial and other protection granted to each person by the Charter of fundamental rights and freedoms. The right of defense includes the right of everyone to defend himself, the right for proceeding of law enforcement authorities, which will ascertain the real situation without reasonable doubt and in particular the right to have and to consult with the barrister. Pursuant to section 35 subsections 1 of the code of criminal procedure, only an attorney, who can be represented by a trainee for individual acts of criminal proceedings, may be the barrister in criminal proceedings. The code of criminal procedure presupposes that the person, which is prosecuted, chooses his or her barrister. In the event that the barrister is not chosen by the accused, although he must have him according to the law, the barrister will be appointed for the duration of the reasons for the necessary defense. Cases of necessary defense are laid down in section 36 of the code of criminal procedure. They are for example proceedings against and accused in custody or proceedings against a fugitive. Barrister's basic rights and obligations are laid...

In this thesis different situations are considered in which the preliminary test estimator is applied and the performance of the preliminary test estimator under different proposed loss functions, namely the reflected normal , linear exponential (LINEX) and bounded LINEX (BLINEX) loss functions is evaluated. In order to motivate the use of the BLINEX loss function rather than the reflected normal loss or the LINEX loss function, the risk for the preliminary test estimator and its component estimators derived under BLINEX loss is compared to the risk of the preliminary test estimator and its components estimators derived under both reflected normal loss and LINEX loss analytically (in some sections) and computationally. It is shown that both the risk under reflected normal loss and the risk under LINEX loss is higher than the risk under BLINEX loss. The key focus point under consideration is the estimation of the regression coefficients of a multiple regression model under two conditions, namely the presence of multicollinearity and linear restrictions imposed on the regression coefficients. In order to address the multicollinearity problem, the regression coefficients were adjusted by making use of Hoerl and Kennard’s (1970) approach in ridge regression. Furthermore, in situations where under- or overestimation exist, symmetric loss functions will not give optimal results and it was necessary to consider asymmetric loss functions. In the economic application, it was shown that a loss function which is both asymmetric and bounded to ensure a maximum upper bound for the loss, is the most appropriate function to use. In order to evaluate the effect that different ridge parameters have on the estimation, the risk values were calculated for all three ridge regression estimators under different conditions, namely an increase in variance, an increase in the level of multicollinearity, an increase in the number of parameters to be estimated in the regression model and an increase in the sample size. These results were compared to each other and summarised for all the proposed estimators and proposed loss functions. The comparison of the three proposed ridge regression estimators under all the proposed loss functions was also summarised for an increase in the sample size and an increase in variance. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / lk2014 / Statistics / PhD / Unrestricted

Hearing Preparation in Contentious Procedure Abstract Hearing preparation is a key phase of civil proceedings, in which the judge, with the assistance of the parties, shall prepare the hearing effectively and consistently and subsequently takes a decision pursuant to Section 114a(1) of Act No. 99/1963 Coll., Code of Civil Procedure, as amended, at a single hearing. The aim of this diploma thesis is to carry out a comprehensive analysis of valid and effective legal regulations concerning the preparation of a hearing in contentious procedure in the Czech Republic. To fulfill this goal, this thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter defines the concept of hearing preparation and formulates its objectives. For the sake of clarity, hearing preparation is divided into two levels, namely the hearing preparation in terms of its form and the hearing preparation in terms of its material, the so-called proper hearing preparation. These two levels are also described in the first chapter. The second chapter briefly outlines the development of the Czech legislation on hearing preparation, paying particular attention to two important amendments to the Code of Civil Procedure, which have a common objective to strengthen the stage of hearing preparation. The third chapter introduces the individual basic...

In the highly competitive aerospace industry, engine manufacturers must react very quickly and precisely to any demand emerging from aircraft manufacturers if they want to be positioned on the offer. This is especially true when answering to Requests For Information (RFI) based on preliminary design investigations of first level. In order to reduce the time needed to perform these costly operations while improving the performances achieved, Snecma wishes to develop tools for dimensioning the engine and also for assessing key parameters such as mass, emissions, fuel burn, costs, etc. Unfortunately, the set of tools and the process used at the present time for preliminary design investigations of first level are not sufficient to meet the high standards sought-after by the company in terms of time and performances. As a consequence, efforts must be spent on redefining the whole process and the tools it is based on; here is the mission that has been conferred upon me.   Multiple exchanges with performances engineers and specialists allowed to draw the current process for preliminary design investigations of first level and raise all the associated concerns. At the same time, a status of the existing tools (called modules in this report), mainly developed under Excel, has been realised in order to identify the range of action for today's investigations. A prototype has been developed under SDK Python with the aim of proving the feasibility of a solution to a difficulty that shows up in the process for each new investigation: the one of generating the workflow on the optimisation software Optimus. A target process has finally been discussed considering all the information collected, and would allow dividing by five the time needed to perform investigations compare to now. The prototype developed lead to interesting results and this solution could thus probably be integrated in the target process as it would allow saving one day of work for an engineer for each study to be carried out.   Solutions have been proposed to all the concerns identified in the process and they will have to be discussed with many actors and investigated further in the near future in order to set the target process that will allow meeting the final objective of answering all types of RFIs emitted by aircraft manufacturer in a very short time with a high level of confidence in the results.

In the highly competitive aerospace industry, engine manufacturers must react very quickly and precisely to any demand emerging from aircraft manufacturers if they want to be positioned on the offer. This is especially true when answering to Requests For Information (RFI) based on preliminary design investigations of first level. In order to reduce the time needed to perform these costly operations while improving the performances achieved, Snecma wishes to develop tools for dimensioning the engine and also for assessing key parameters such as mass, emissions, fuel burn, costs, etc. Unfortunately, the set of tools and the process used at the present time for preliminary design investigations of first level are not sufficient to meet the high standards sought-after by the company in terms of time and performances. As a consequence, efforts must be spent on redefining the whole process and the tools it is based on; here is the mission that has been conferred upon me.   Multiple exchanges with performances engineers and specialists allowed to draw the current process for preliminary design investigations of first level and raise all the associated concerns. At the same time, a status of the existing tools (called modules in this report), mainly developed under Excel, has been realised in order to identify the range of action for today's investigations. A prototype has been developed under SDK Python with the aim of proving the feasibility of a solution to a difficulty that shows up in the process for each new investigation: the one of generating the workflow on the optimisation software Optimus. A target process has finally been discussed considering all the information collected, and would allow dividing by five the time needed to perform investigations compare to now. The prototype developed lead to interesting results and this solution could thus probably be integrated in the target process as it would allow saving one day of work for an engineer for each study to be carried out.   Solutions have been proposed to all the concerns identified in the process and they will have to be discussed with many actors and investigated further in the near future in order to set the target process that will allow meeting the final objective of answering all types of RFIs emitted by aircraft manufacturer in a very short time with a high level of confidence in the results.

In the highly competitive aerospace industry, engine manufacturers must react very quickly and precisely to any demand emerging from aircraft manufacturers if they want to be positioned on the offer. This is especially true when answering to Requests For Information (RFI) based on preliminary design investigations of first level. In order to reduce the time needed to perform these costly operations while improving the performances achieved, Snecma wishes to develop tools for dimensioning the engine and also for assessing key parameters such as mass, emissions, fuel burn, costs, etc. Unfortunately, the set of tools and the process used at the present time for preliminary design investigations of first level are not sufficient to meet the high standards sought-after by the company in terms of time and performances. As a consequence, efforts must be spent on redefining the whole process and the tools it is based on; here is the mission that has been conferred upon me.   Multiple exchanges with performances engineers and specialists allowed to draw the current process for preliminary design investigations of first level and raise all the associated concerns. At the same time, a status of the existing tools (called modules in this report), mainly developed under Excel, has been realised in order to identify the range of action for today's investigations. A prototype has been developed under SDK Python with the aim of proving the feasibility of a solution to a difficulty that shows up in the process for each new investigation: the one of generating the workflow on the optimisation software Optimus. A target process has finally been discussed considering all the information collected, and would allow dividing by five the time needed to perform investigations compare to now. The prototype developed lead to interesting results and this solution could thus probably be integrated in the target process as it would allow saving one day of work for an engineer for each study to be carried out.   Solutions have been proposed to all the concerns identified in the process and they will have to be discussed with many actors and investigated further in the near future in order to set the target process that will allow meeting the final objective of answering all types of RFIs emitted by aircraft manufacturer in a very short time with a high level of confidence in the results.

Preparation of a hearing in the civil procedure The topic of this thesis is preparation of a hearing in civil procedure. It represents a phase of civil procedure which starts the moment the action it brought to the court and ends with the hearing itself. The hearing should be regarded as the culmination of the whole procedure, which is why the right approach to the preparation of a hearing is not any less important than the hearing itself. The aim of this thesis is to give a comprehensive overview of this issue by reviewing the past, analysing the present legislation and providing de lege ferenda reflection. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first one is a historical overview, in which the author describes the legal development of the preparation of a hearing since 19th century until present. Legal principles, that has formed during this legal evolution and that are affecting today's legislation, are described in the beginning of the second part of the thesis. Principle of concentration and of single hearing being the two most emphasized principles. The majority of the second part deals with the current legislation, which is primarily contained in the art. 114 to 114c of the Czech Civil Procedure Code. The thesis describes the specific steps that the court has to undertake after the...

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