Mémoire (M.B.A.)---Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1985. / Bibliographie: f. 183-192. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Submitted by Raniere Barreto (raniere.barros@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-04-16T18:07:41Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) bruno_ferreira_campos_silva.pdf: 2957468 bytes, checksum: 54576f6c332d9ba048e85d7de08b09a8 (MD5) / Rejected by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br), reason: Verificar palavras-chave, keywords. UFVJM n?o ? ag?ncia financiadora Verificar nome Carlos Alberto Mirez Tarrillo se ? espanhol. on 2018-04-20T15:06:05Z (GMT) / Submitted by Raniere Barreto (raniere.barros@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-15T19:08:56Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) bruno_ferreira_campos_silva.pdf: 2957468 bytes, checksum: 54576f6c332d9ba048e85d7de08b09a8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-15T19:50:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) bruno_ferreira_campos_silva.pdf: 2957468 bytes, checksum: 54576f6c332d9ba048e85d7de08b09a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-15T19:50:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) bruno_ferreira_campos_silva.pdf: 2957468 bytes, checksum: 54576f6c332d9ba048e85d7de08b09a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Nesta disserta??o ? apresentada a teoria que envolve o modelo de Black ? Scholes como uma alternativa de investimento para produtores rurais dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Ao fazer um estudo sobre os produtores rurais dos vales, percebe-se que a produ??o no campo ? voltada para a subsist?ncia, vendendo somente o excedente. Foi constatado que a falta de investimento no campo reduz em partes o n?vel de produ??o do produtor rural. A alternativa de investimento atrav?s do modelo de Black ? Scholes na precifica??o de op??es se faz necess?rio n?o somente para se ter um maior investimento no meio rural, mas sim, ser tamb?m uma outra forma de se obter renda com t?cnicas aplicadas na Bolsa de Valores, ajudando o homem do campo em ter uma estabilidade financeira baseada n?o somente em sua produ??o. ? realizado um estudo criterioso da equa??o diferencial parcial estoc?stica advinda deste modelo, no tocante ? determina??o de poss?veis simula??es de problemas enfrentados diante das volatilidades dos mercados na precifica??o de op??es. Para que o produtor rural utilize o modelo de Black ? Scholes ? interessante se observar como se comporta os seus par?metros. Ent?o foi realizado uma an?lise do comportamento do valor da precifica??o de op??es em rela??o aos par?metros do modelo de Black ? Scholes baseados em dados reais retirados da BM&FBOVESPA. ? apresentada uma breve compara??o do modelo de Black ? Scholes com o modelo Binomial, compara??o feita com um exemplo de obten??o do valor da op??o de compra e venda via Binomial e Black ? Scholes, e neste exemplo ? observado um melhor retorno para o modelo Binomial. ? observado ao longo da pesquisa que existem dois par?metros que mais oscilam nos mercados, que s?o a volatilidade e a taxa de juros. Para se fazer bons investimentos, o produtor rural deve ficar atento e ter ci?ncia do comportamento da oscila??o desses par?metros. Para se ter uma melhor representa??o da varia??o desses par?metros, ? feito uma compara??o entre o valor das op??es de compra e venda calculados pelo modelo de Black ? Scholes e Binomial. Para a taxa de juros o modelo Binomial apresentou valores fora do esperado em rela??o ao modelo de Black ? Scholes. Devido a car?ncia de informa??es a respeito de como se investir na Bolsa de Valores, ? criado uma cartilha que se encontra nos anexos desta disserta??o voltada para o produtor rural, sobre como fazer um investimento na Bolsa de Valores e quais procedimentos iniciais deve-se tomar para obter ?xito nos mercados. Desses estudos, conclui-se que ? poss?vel o produtor rural investir pequenas quantias de dinheiro e obter retornos significativos em rela??o ao investimento inicial. Podendo assim, aplicar parte desse dinheiro em seu trabalho no campo e tamb?m ter uma forma de renda quando os retornos das produ??es no meio rural n?o forem favor?veis. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Tecnologia, Sa?de e Sociedade, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / In this dissertation there is presented the theory that involves the Black model ? Scholes as an alternative of investment for rural producer Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys. When doing a study on the rural producers of the valleys, it is seen that the production in the field is turned for the subsistence, selling only the excess. It was noted that the lack of investment in the field reduces in parts the level of production of the rural producer. The investment alternative through Black model ? Scholes in the options pricing is made necessary not only in order that a bigger investment has been in the rural environment, but yes, to be also another form of income being obtained with techniques applied in the valuable Stock Exchange, helping the man of the field in having a financial stability based not only on his production. It is accomplished out a discerning study of the partial differential equation stochastic resulted from this model, regarding the determination of possible simulations of problems faced before the volatilities of the markets in the options pricing. For the rural producer to use the Black model ? Scholes is interesting it will notice how if it holds his parameters. Then there was accomplished out an analysis of the behavior of the value of the pricing of options regarding the parameters of the Black model ? Scholes based on retired real data of the BM&FBOVESPA. There is presented a short comparison of the Black model ? Scholes with the Binominal model, comparison done with an example of getting the value of the option of purchase and sale was seeing Binomial and Black ? Scholes, and in this example a better return is observed for the Binomial model. It is observed throughout the research that there are two parameters that more oscillate in the markets, which are the volatility and the interest rate. In order that good investments become, the rural producer must be attentive and have science of the behavior of the oscillation of these parameters. In order that there has been a better representation of the variation of these parameters, it is done a comparison between the value of the options of purchase and sale calculated by the Black model ? Scholes and Binomial. For the interest rate the Binomial model presented values out of the waited one regarding the Black model ? Scholes. Due to lack of information about how to invest in the Stock Exchange, it is created a primer that is in the annexes of this dissertation turned to the rural producer how to make an investment in the Stock Exchange and it is necessary to take which initial proceedings to obtain succeed in the markets. Of these studies, it is ended that the possible the rural producer to invest small amounts of money and to obtain significant returns regarding the initial investment. Being able so, to apply part of this money in his work in the field and also to have the form of income when the returns of the productions in the rural environment are not favorable.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-05-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:18:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 lopes_ad_me_jabo.pdf: 666152 bytes, checksum: 9dbc0e1551a6127678c11ff49488b4cb (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O trabalho foi desenvolvido com dados de um levantamento em pequenas unidades produtoras de leite na área do Escritório de Desenvolvimento Rural de Jaboticabal SP, com o uso de um questionário semi-estruturado e de observações do pesquisador, com o objetivo de caracterizar o perfil destas propriedades analisando a relação entre as variáveis abordadas, de acordo com aspectos técnicos, sócioprodutivos e de comercialização, e com isto, possibilitar a identificação de procedimentos ou práticas benchmarking, ou seja, tidos como referenciais. Com o uso da análise de agrupamentos e de componentes principais, foi possível selecionar as principais variáveis envolvidas na diferenciação dos sistemas produtivos, e agrupar as unidades produtoras de acordo com suas similaridades, o que permitiu identificar as que apresentaram algum ponto destoante das demais. Pelos resultados observados, ficou evidente a possibilidade de identificação de práticas, processos e procedimentos mais eficientes, mesmo entre propriedade de baixa escala de produção. Não houve uma unidade produtora que se destacou na maioria dos quesitos avaliados, mas sim, em alguns aspectos específicos, de acordo com as suas particularidades. / The work was developed through a data-collecting, collected from small milk producers units located in the area next to the Office of Agricultural Development of Jaboticabal - SP, using of a semi-structuralized questionary and researcher s observation, with the objective to characterize the profile of these properties analyzing the relation between the observable variable, in accordance with aspects technical, social-productive and of commercialization, and to make possible the identification of practical or procedures benchmarking, that is, had as reference. With the use of the analysis of groupings and main components, it was possible to select the main variable involved in the productive systems differentiation, and grouping the producing units in accordance with its similarities and to identify the ones that had presented some dissonant point of other. Analyzing the results, it was evident the possibility of identification of more efficient practical, processes and procedures, even low scale production dairy farm s. It had not a producing unit that it has came off at the majority of the evaluated questions, but in some specific aspects, in accordance with its particularity.

I många kulturer så har musikerns roll varit något av vikt, men samtidigt av låg status. Musiker måste ofta hänge sig till olika områden av musicerande för att gå runt och därför är det viktigt att undersöka hur de olika alternativen ser ut. En väg kan vara att para ihop sig med kommersialism och modifiera sitt komponerande efter en beställare som vill betala för musik med avsikt att marknadsföra ett varumärke.Syftet med studien är att få en djupare förståelse av hur tre musikproducenter inom reklamfilmsmusik utför sina uppdrag, förhåller sig till sina beställare och uppfattar reklambranschen. De empiriska resultaten har samlats genom tre semistrukturerade djupintervjuer med producenter från olika arbetssituationer för att få en generaliserad kartläggning av reklambranschen utifrån informanternas perspektiv. Slutsatsen visar ett likartat arbetssätt, där producentens hårdaste arbete ligger i att på ett kommunikativt och diplomatiskt sätt ta reda exakt vad beställarens mål är med produktionen. Vidare är branschuppfattningen optimistisk till hur medvetandet kring musikens funktion har utvecklats positivt, men betänker även att ny teknik och nya aktörer kan komma att begränsa progressionen genom att erbjuda färdigskriven musik till ett lågt pris.

Background: The clinical and pathological presentation of COPD is heterogeneous. ‘Chronic bronchitis’ is a phenotype of COPD, which is a clinical diagnosis of a productive cough of ≥ 3 months for ≥ 2 consecutive years. Chronic bronchitis is associated with worse lung function, frequent exacerbations, recurrent hospitalisations and premature death in patients with COPD. Chronic bronchitis sufferers can be further subphenotyped into those who produce sputum during exacerbation or during winter months only and those who are ‘persistent sputum producers,’ who experience mucous hypersecretion throughout the year. An improved understanding of persistent sputum producers is the object of this thesis. Aims: 1) To compare the clinical characteristics and airway inflammatory biomarker profile of COPD persistent sputum producers to that of COPD sputum non-producers 2) To investigate the short term repeatability of sputum parameters in COPD persistent sputum producers 3) To study the expression and relationship of mucins, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) in COPD persistent sputum producers. Methods: 1) Lung physiology, health status, sputum inflammatory biomarkers and sputum culture results were compared between COPD persistent sputum producers and sputum non-producers 2) Repeatability of spontaneous and induced sputum parameters at 8 weeks was assessed in COPD persistent sputum producers 3) Immunohistochemistry was performed on bronchial biopsies of COPD persistent sputum producers and control groups (COPD sputum non-producers, smokers with normal lung function and lifelong healthy non-smokers with normal lung function) to study the expression of MUC5AC, MUC5B, HIF-1α and CAIX 4) The association between HIF-1α and MUC5B expression was investigated in vitro. Results and Conclusions: The findings suggest that 1) COPD persistent sputum producers have clinically more severe disease, increased airway inflammation, increased impact on health status, increased rate of bacterial colonization and higher number of exacerbations compared to COPD sputum non-producers 2) Induced sputum is repeatable over short term in COPD persistent sputum producers 3) Expression of MUC5B, HIF-1α and CAIX is increased in COPD persistent sputum producers compared to COPD sputum non-producers, smokers with normal lung function and healthy non-smokers 4) HIF-1α can potentially cause increased MUC5B expression. This work reveals potential targets for the development of novel therapies to limit mucous hypersecretion in COPD.

Starting in the early 2000s, a number of U.S. communities have adopted "zero waste" commitments to reduce waste as much as possible through recycling, composting, and other means. Little in-depth information exists about the impetus for or efficacy of these efforts. The author sought to build knowledge on the topic by conducting case studies of two communities: the zero waste efforts of Boulder, Colorado, and the Zero Waste Zones established in Atlanta. The two cases presented an interesting contrast, in terms of sector driving zero waste: public in Boulder, and private in Atlanta. The study aimed to use the experiences of these two communities, supplemented with background research on materials management and application of relevant theory, to develop a set of considerations for more informed pursuit of zero waste. The author gathered qualitative data by conducting unstructured interviews of the actors involved with the zero waste efforts in Boulder and Atlanta. Interview questions concerned, e.g., zero waste goals and plans, the impacts of zero waste on the business or organization, and influential individuals or organizations. The study produced the following set of considerations: Definition of waste determines priorities and impacts of zero waste efforts; responsibility for waste arbitrarily resides with consumers and local government instead of producers; the private, public, and nonprofit sectors each play important roles in waste reduction; local government should not bear the full burden of materials management; and state and federal government can offer useful policy tools to advance zero waste. / Master of Urban and Regional Planning

Yes / This article analyses the governance tools available to three Brazilian presidents – Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff – to direct and enact policy in the area of law-and-order, that is, to prevent crime, improve policing and develop effective penal responses. It examines the commonalities and the differences in the ways that each approached their key roles as president: communicating with the public on the issues, using the agencies of the federal bureaucracy, managing intergovernmental relations with the subnational units (states and municipalities), and managing their multiparty coalition and relations with Congress. In particular, it highlights the way in which Brazil’s highly fragmented and porous party system, which underpins the country’s coalitional presidentialist form of governance, has also encouraged the entry into legislative arenas of direct representatives of criminal justice professionals (police) and indirect representatives of private security actors. This has resulted in increasing producer capture of law-and-order policy within both the federal bureaucracy and legislative arenas at all levels of government. In the crisis of the Dilma presidency, to which they contributed, they were able to move from being veto-players to agenda-setters on law-and-order policy, intent on reversing the direction set by these presidents.

There have been different degrees of exchange rate disequilibrium in the developing countries during recent transition or reform periods. The level of the exchange rate and its misalignment can have significant impacts on agricultural policy measures such as the Producer Support Estimates (PSEs). However, little efforts have been made to explicitly take into account the issue of exchange rate misalignment. In the conventional PSE studies the prevailing actual (nominal) exchange rates are usually used. There is general agreement that the use of actual exchange rates may introduce a bias in the PSE calculations, and that this bias can be substantial when the actual rates are significantly out of equilibrium, but there is much less agreement on the most appropriate alternative. This dissertation proposes a theoretical and an empirical model for estimating equilibrium exchange rates. Within the context of these models, the equilibrium exchange rates are argued to be determined by a group of real economic fundamentals. These fundamentals within this study include technological progress (Balassa-Samuelson effect), levels of government expenditure, world interest rate, net capital inflows, terms of trade, and openness of the economy. Base on various time series techniques and using data from India and China, sensible long-run relationships are identified between the real exchange rate and these economic fundamentals. The long-run co-integrating relationships are used to derive the equilibrium exchange rates and to gauge corresponding misalignments for the currencies in the two countries. The relevance and usefulness of the exchange rate equilibrium and disequilibrium in the calculation of the PSEs for India and China are then discussed. Results from the commodity-specific measures including the Market Price Support (MPS) and the PSE show that agricultural support levels are quite sensitive to alternative exchange rate assumptions. Specifically, exchange rate misalignments have either amplified or counteracted the direct effect on agriculture from sectoral-specific policies. With a few commodity exceptions such an indirect effect in both countries is relatively small in magnitude and dominated by the direct effect. This is also the case when the indirect effect rises substantially as a result of more misaligned exchange rates. Counterfactual MPS measure calculated assuming the exchange rate is in equilibrium with different exchange rate pass-through is also presented. It is shown that when no exchange rate pass-through to domestic prices occurs, the transfer of the indirect effect of exchange rate misalignment into the counterfactual MPS is full. But when there is exchange rate pass-through, even though partially, the transfer of indirect effect is significantly smaller. Results based on the commodity-specific PSE show that the exchange rate effect also depends on the relative importance of different PSE components. In addition to a positive impact on the direct effects measured by commodity-specific PSE compared to those measured by commodity-specific MPS, the increasing share of budgetary expenditures in India's agricultural support in recent years has resulted in more pronounced indirect effects. For China, the exchange rate effects are more similar between the PSE and the MPS measures at the commodity level because of the dominance of the MPS component relative to the budgetary payments in the PSEs. Moving from commodity-specific to aggregate measures, one can observe a similar pattern of agricultural support. However, the exchange rate effect measured by the total PSE appears to be more important: it becomes several times larger in magnitude than the direct effect in periods of severe exchange rate misalignment. The exchange rate effect when the PSE is "scaled up" from covered commodities to an estimate for the total agricultural sector is also demonstrated even though the assumption imposed by scaling-up may be unrealistic if price support is concentrated among those products included in the analysis. Since the commodity coverage in both countries tends to be incomplete and the scaling-up procedure leads to a total MPS component of greater magnitude, larger exchange rate effects are found in the scaled-up than the non-scaled-up version of the total PSEs. The impact of scaling-up on the indirect effect is proportional to the share of covered commodities in the total value of agricultural production. Again for the PSEs at both the commodity and aggregate levels, the counter factual measures indicate a full transfer of indirect effect of exchange rate when no exchange rate pass-through is assumed. A large portion of the indirect effect disappears when incomplete exchange rate pass-through is assumed resulting in a smaller transfer of the effect to the counter factual PSEs. / Ph. D.

The research reported here explored the flammable range of gasification product “producer gas” in a combustion chamber to ensure complete combustion. Rising fuel prices has led to increased research in renewable energy sources. Biomass is a renewable resource whose use does not result in a net increase of CO₂ in the atmosphere. Wood was selected as the biomass for this research. Applications for wood as a fuel source includes crop drying, space heating, and power generation. Flammability limit and chemical equilibrium theory were used to model the flammable range of the gasification product in a combustion chamber. The model predicted an adiabatic flammable zone within an equivalence ratio of 0.56 to 1.67 for oak with 20 percent moisture content (w.b.), and a maximum adiabatic flame temperature of 2025°C for dry oak. Chemical equilibrium theory was used to predict gasification-combustion product concentration. Based on the analysis of the data, the following conclusions were made: (1) Flammability of gas-air mixture is largely determined by the amount of heat loss prior to combustion, (2) At equivalence ratios greater than 1.25, CO appears in the combustion products, (3) Adiabatic Flame Temperatures are largely influenced by moisture and excess air, (4) Combustion temperature is a critical parameter that influences composition distribution of the gasification-combustion product. (Product compositions are important to the designer, for both energy and environmental impact), and (5) Maximum benefit for a gasifier-combustor system could be obtained if heat loss, excess air, moisture content, mixing effectiveness, and residence time are optimized. / Master of Science

This dissertation examines the relationship among practices and policies of waste/ing and economic structures to make visible the implications of vehicle disposal policies for environmental policy and theory. Consequently, I attempt to build upon the small body of literature that is now critically engaging with waste production and resulting actions/inaction in the form of policies of management. In doing this I use waste as a lens to examine the interrelationships among environmental degradation and economic and political structures. Further, I examine these phenomena in relation to a physical object, the automobile, to add materiality to abstract notions of waste as it relates to both the political and the economic. Through vehicle recycling policies, I analyze how underlying economic structures in contemporary capitalism result in specific responses to the "problems" of waste as well as how the related responses, or "solutions" perpetuate an un-ecological industrial system which severely restricts the possibilities of making substantial change in the production of environmental harms. / Ph. D.