Nos diversos estudos sobre Arranjos Produtivos Locais desenvolvidos no país, constatamos que as empresas de pequeno porte apresentam grandes dificuldades em se articular com o sistema financeiro formal, restringindo sua capacidade inovativa e produtiva. Além deste fenômeno, observamos frágeis relações de ações conjuntas e de cooperação entre os diversos agentes econômicos, revelando baixo nível de capital social. No nosso entendimento, o atual estágio do cooperativismo de crédito apresenta condições para auxiliar a combater esses problemas, contribuindo para a sustentabilidade do arranjo produtivo. Este tipo de instituição financeira pode atuar como um Banco de Arranjo Produtivo, auxiliando o fomento do aglomerado, visto que sua principal característica é oferecer serviços financeiros com reduzidos custos de transação, devido à reduzida assimetria de informações proporcionada pela proximidade existente entre o agente financeiro e as pequenas unidades de produção. Acreditamos neste argumento porque o segmento cooperativista de crédito tem apresentado significativo crescimento qualitativo desde a promulgação da Constituição Federal vigente, constituindo-se em elemento importante no desenvolvimento econômico e social de regiões onde as cooperativas estão inseridas, proporcionando inclusão financeira, gerando emprego e renda, e auxiliando na redução de disparidades regionais. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o comportamento de uma cooperativa de crédito, constituída em 2004 e localizada no arranjo produtivo de confecções de bonés de Apucarana, município pertencente ao Estado do Paraná. Argumentamos que a inserção deste tipo de instituição financeira neste aglomerado produtivo fortalecerá o capital social, proporcionará benefícios econômicos e se constituirá numa opção viável para amenizar o gargalo financeiro das empresas de pequeno porte, impulsionando o desenvolvimento deste segmento empresarial e das localidades onde estão hospedadas. / In the diverse studies on developed Local Productive Arrangements in Brazil, we evidence that the small business companies present great difficulties in if articulating with the formal financial system, restricting its innovative and productive capacity. In our agreement, the current period of training of the cooperativism of credit presents conditions to assist to fight these problems contributing for the support of the productive arrangement. This type of financial institution can act as a cluster Bank, assisting the promotion of the accumulation, since its main characteristic is to offer financial services with reduced costs of transaction, due to reduced proportionate asymmetry of information for the existing proximity between the financial agent and the small units of production. We believe this argument because the segment has presented significant qualitative growth since the promulgation of the effective Federal Constitution, consisting in important element in the economic and social development of regions where the cooperatives are inserted, providing financial inclusion, generating job and income, and assisting in the reduction of regional inaqualities. In this context, the objective of this work is to analyze the behavior of a cooperativism of credit, consisting in 2004 and located in the productive arrangement of confections of caps of Apucarana, pertaining city to the State of the Paraná. We argue that the insertion of this type of financial institution in this productive accumulation will fortify the capital stock, will provide economic benefits and one will consist in a viable option to brighten up the financial pass of the small business companies, being stimulated the development of this enterprise segment and the localities where they are housed.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal desenvolver um sistema de avaliação de desempenho de clusters, capaz de analisar as vantagens potenciais que um cluster pode oferecer e concluir a respeito do aproveitamento dessas vantagens e dos aspectos que podem ser aprimorados. Para isso, o trabalho se propõe a: (i) identificar os constructos e variáveis que devem ser utilizados para representar as vantagens potenciais que um cluster industrial pode oferecer; (ii) desenvolver um sistema de avaliação do aproveitamento das vantagens potenciais de um cluster, baseado nos constructos e variáveis identificados; (iii) testar o sistema, avaliando o nível de desenvolvimento, no que tange ao aproveitamento de vantagens potenciais em que se encontra o cluster moveleiro do Oeste de Santa Catarina; e (iv) estabelecer um plano para aprimoramento das operações e consolidação do referido cluster. Esta tese está baseada numa abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, utilizando questionário aplicado em 112 empresas, grupo focado e entrevistas. Uma das principais contribuições desta tese é a proposição de um modelo capaz de avaliar o aproveitamento das vantagens potenciais de um cluster, auxiliando na tomada de decisão dos envolvidos (poder público, instituições de classe, empresas) e melhoria da competitividade das empresas do cluster em relação às empresas externas. Outra contribuição deste trabalho é a proposição de ações que possam aumentar o aproveitamento das vantagens oferecidas às empresas pertencentes ao cluster moveleiro do oeste de Santa Catarina e à sua competitividade. / The main objective of this work is to develop a performance evaluation system of clusters, able of analyzing the potential advantages that a cluster can offer to its member companies and conclude about the use of these advantages and about the aspects which could be improved. Considering this general objective, this work intends: (i) identify the constructs and variables that should be utilized for represent the potential advantages that an industrial cluster can offer; (ii) develop an evaluation system for access the use of the potential advantages of a cluster, based on the constructs and identified variables; (iii) test the system, evaluating the development level of the west of Santa Catarina furniture cluster, regarding the use of the potential advantages, (iv) establish a plan for the improvement of operations and consolidation of the mentioned cluster. This dissertation is based on a qualitative and quantitative approach, comprising a survey involving 112 companies, focus group and interviews. One of the main contributions of this dissertation is the proposal of a model capable of evaluate the use of the potential advantages of a cluster, assisting on the decision making of the stakeholders (government, class association and companies) and competitiveness improvement of the cluster member companies compared to outside companies. Other contribution of this work is the proposal of a plan of actions that could increase the use of the advantages offered to the member companies of the west of Santa Catarina furniture cluster and their respective competitiveness.

A todo momento as organizações precisam se adaptar às constantes mudanças do macroambiente. A ampliação da unidade de processamento ou, ainda, o transplante total ou parcial dessa unidade para um outro local é uma das respostas a essas freqüentes alterações. No entanto, sabe-se que a unidade de processamento é apenas um dos elos de uma cadeia produtiva com dependência vital entre os mesmos. Nesse sentido, o remanejamento ou a instalação de uma unidade de processamento num novo local não é apenas um problema de escolha da área para a instalação dessa unidade, também não pode ser analisado desconectado dos demais elos da cadeia produtiva que participam da produção, transformação e distribuição, pois, como mostra a literatura, o bom desenvolvimento de uma cadeia produtiva depende de que várias condições a montante e a jusante se combinem. Assim, o objetivo central deste trabalho é a proposição de um método de análise de viabilidade para a implantação de uma cadeia produtiva num local completamente novo para esta cadeia. O método foi realizado a partir da revisão de autores clássicos sobre o tema, e pretende-se que sirva de ferramenta para outras cadeias produtivas interessadas em projetos dessa natureza. O método contempla as seguintes etapas: (1) Estudo de Mercado, (2) Lições da Cadeia Produtiva, (3) Tamanho e Localização, (4) Produção Agrícola e Produção Industrial, (5) Sistemas de Distribuição, (6) Análise de Investimentos, Custos Operacionais e Receitas, (7) Avaliação Financeira e Macroeconômica, (8) Arranjos Institucionais e Estrutura de Governança, (9) Diferenciação do Produto. O método proposto foi aplicado num estudo para analisar a implantação da citricultura no Pólo Petrolina-Juazeiro, localizado no Vale São Francisco. Pôde-se com essa experiência constatar que o método pode ser utilizado por qualquer cadeia produtiva interessada em analisar novas áreas para se instalar, podendo ser necessário algum ajuste ou adaptação às especificidades da empresa ou do setor. / Being adapted to all the constant changes of the macro environment is a need to all the organizations nowadays. The extension of a processing unit or its partial or total exchange to another place are examples of these common changes. Having a crucial dependency, it is known that the processing unit is one of the links in a productive chain. Considering this fact, for a relocation or installation of a new processing unit in another place, a new area must be chosen and both transformation and distribution, elements of a productive chain, must be considered as well. As it is learned in the literature, a good development of a productive chain depends of different combinations. The main purpose of this work is to suggest a method of viability analysis for the implantation of a productive chain in a new place. The method was used after a severe revision based on expert authors of this subject and intends to help any productive chain which might be interested in the same projects. The method contemplates the following stages: (1) Market Study, (2) Studies of the productive chain, (3) Size and location, (4) Industrial and Agricultural production, (5) Distribution Systems, (6) Analyze of Investments, Operational costs and incomes, (7) Macroeconomic and Financial evaluation, (8) Governance Structures, (9) Product Differentiation. The method was tested and analyzed during the implantation of citriculture in the regions of Petrolina and Juazeiro, localized in the São Francisco Valley. To conclude with, the use of this method reveled that it can be used in any productive chain willing to test new areas to install, however, some adjustments or adaptations may be necessary to attend some specification of the business.

No description available.

<p>The main purpose of this paper was to construct and try out a test that could measure the size of both the receptive and productive vocabulary. This was a joint project, done by three students at the C-level in English in 1997. Before the test was constructed the students looked into previous investigations and different test methods used. The project group chose the Yes/No method as their test format. 23 students in their second year of their education at a theorectical programme in upper secondary school and 16 adult students at Komvux took the test in this paper. The results of the test taken by the students showed that it is impossible for a language teacher to construct a reliable and valid test for measuring vocabulary size using the Yes/No method.</p>

Disruption is something that we must negotiate as part of our everyday lives. The context of disruption can vary in nature from being positive to being negative in nature. However, the emotional effects of the disruption have not been investigated in the social psychological literature. This study utilizes structuralized ritualization affect theory of social exchange, attribution theory, and the theory of relational cohesion in order to investigate the effects of disruption on the overall positive emotion of the actors involved and their feelings of cohesiveness with regard to their group.

The main purpose of this paper was to construct and try out a test that could measure the size of both the receptive and productive vocabulary. This was a joint project, done by three students at the C-level in English in 1997. Before the test was constructed the students looked into previous investigations and different test methods used. The project group chose the Yes/No method as their test format. 23 students in their second year of their education at a theorectical programme in upper secondary school and 16 adult students at Komvux took the test in this paper. The results of the test taken by the students showed that it is impossible for a language teacher to construct a reliable and valid test for measuring vocabulary size using the Yes/No method.

No description available.

A growing uncertainty in the global economy is forcing many manufacturers to reassess their corporate outlook towards the environment. Today there is a growing attention to sustainability in industry accompanied by a paradigm shift towards realizing a sustainable society. It is now very common to hear about Green Production and Green Systems, but few literature exist that deal with the relatively newer subject of Green Maintenance. The term green production is often used to describe production with a sustainable perspective. Also, lean production has been proposed as a means of achieving sustainability. Lean and Green production systems require efficient production and low use of resources such as energy, materials, etc. One major facilitator of this is effective maintenance. Sometimes regarded as the necessary evil, maintenance still has a negative image in the industry. But as the paradigm on manufacturing shift towards realizing a sustainable society, we should also begin to realize the changing role of maintenance. Still, the impact of maintenance on sustainability and Green production is not very well described in research.   This Master Thesis within the School of Innovation Design and Engineering at Mälardalen University presents a literature review on green maintenance by trying to identify and assess the key factors of maintenance effects on green production, life cycle assessment and sustainability of maintenance activities. In addition, a brief introduction to the greening of remanufacturing activity, part of a green process by itself, is provided. The research is based upon extensive literature study, questionnaire survey and interviews with relevant industry as well as academic personnel. A discussion of the results of the interview followed by a conclusion on the key factors of maintenance on sustainability is provided. Future research areas have also been suggested.       Keywords: Green maintenance, Production maintenance, Sustainable maintenance,     Total Productive Maintenance

Abstract There are over 60 companies, which have had the experience in TPM implementation, but only 12 companies have got TPM Award until 2000. We may pose this issue, since they have the same TPM system and similar implementing structure/procedure or even the identical consultant, they have obtained total different result, what on earth it is? I attribute this different result to the incitement of teamwork, as well as different management style which may leads to the different achievement of TPM. Herewith, we will review firstly the theoretic character of TPM, and then study the theory of leadership, teamwork and synergy. After that, we will work out the inference of successful mode for the implementation of TPM. According to theoretic inference, a questionnaire was made, which had been listed questions on the basic information of company, the management style of key leader and promoting team of TPM. Above all, TPM performance is also included. This report will review all theoretic inference, and compare to the statistical result of questionnaire, which makes me organize a practical as well as successful mode, i.e. proper leadership and appropriate teamwork leads to high performance of TPM activity. Key Word: Total Productive Management (TPM), MP (Maintenance Prevention) Information, Management Style, Team Work and Synergy.