O panorama internacional do agronegócio do caju, a estrutura de mercado e o padrão tecnológico sugerem que as vantagens comparativas do Brasil podem ser potencializadas. A temática central deste estudo foi a análise da dinâmica dos fatores condicionantes do desenvolvimento econômico de arranjos produtivos locais da amêndoa da castanha-de-caju nos Municípios de Barreira e Pacajus no Estado do Ceará. A metodologia abrangeu pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e estudo de caso. Os dados primários foram coletados com questionário estruturado para gestores das empresas e semi-estruturado para representantes dos órgãos de apoio e especialistas. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a dinâmica organizacional nos APLs possui predominância de sistemas produtivos intensivos em mão-deobra e com técnicas de processamento da castanha-de-caju que minimizam os impactos da baixa qualidade da matéria-prima sobre a cadeia agroexportadora; a estratégia realizada emergente é a mais freqüente nos aglomerados; não houve promoção de eventos de capacitação pelas empresas. O aprendizado a partir de fontes internas foi percebido apenas pelo segmento agroindustrial e a geração de inovações limitada ao segmento agrícola. Quanto à adoção de inovações, foi inexpressiva nos APLs e está fortemente associada às condições socioeconômicas dos empresários. A dinâmica inter-organizacional mostrou que prevaleceram os canais de comercialização com intermediação na compra da castanha-de-caju e estruturas de coordenação híbridas. A cooperação para a venda conjunta foi verificada nos dois casos e para a compra de matéria-prima pelas agroindústrias de Pacajus. O aprendizado a partir de fontes externas teve maior expressividade que o interno e abrangeu o segmento agrícola nos dois aglomerados e, no elo agroindustrial de Pacajus. O processo de transmissão de conhecimentos foi intenso em todos os segmentos, sem regularidade e conduzido de modo informal. Os esforços conjuntos em pesquisa e desenvolvimento por parte dos agentes nos APLs se verificaram apenas no segmento agroindustrial. As inovações tiveram como principais centros de difusão as próprias fontes geradoras e empresários, e o processo ocorreu principalmente de modo informal. A interação entre os ambientes institucional e organizacional sugeriu a necessidade dos agentes repensarem as posições e condutas, para que ocorra a complementaridade entre as visões prática e técnico-científica/gerencial nos aglomerados. O estudo confirmou que quando originada e/ou fortalecida por uma ação empreendedora endógena, a aglomeração de empresas sob a forma de arranjo produtivo local contribui de modo mais expressivo para o desenvolvimento econômico, mas o apoio institucional é relevante. Os fatores críticos de sucesso para os aglomerados são as deficientes condições socioeconômicas dos empresários e as dificuldades de acesso ao crédito, sendo que em Pacajus também se observou a baixa qualidade da matéria-prima, a elevada tributação e aspectos culturais. As políticas prioritárias são de fomento financeiro para a viabilização da adoção de inovações tecnológicas, melhoria de preços para os produtos e o suprimento de matérias-primas para as agroindústrias; e capacitação, assistência técnica e acesso ao conhecimento para todos os elos da cadeia para minimizar a assimetria de informações nos APLs. / The international overview of cashew agribusiness, as well as the market structure and the technological pattern have suggested that comparative advantages of Brazil can be more powerful. The main thematic of this study was the analysis for the determinant factors dynamics of the economical development of local productive arrangements of cashew nut shelled from both Barreira and Pacajus cities, in Ceará state. The methodology embraced bibliographical researches, documental and case study. The primary data were collected with a structured questionnaire for companies’ managers and semi-structured for both representatives of the support organizations and specialists as well. The results have allowed to conclude that the organizational dynamics in APLs possesses predominance of intensive productive systems in labor and cashew nut processing techniques that minimize the impacts of the raw material low quality on agriexporter chain; the emergent accomplished strategy is the most frequent in the agglomerates; there were not companies training events. The learning from internal sources was noticed only by the agri-industrial segment and the generation of limited innovations for the agricultural segment. On the other hand, the innovations adoption was inexpressive in APLs and it is strongly associated to entrepreneurs' economical conditions. The inter-organizational dynamics has shown that the commercialization channels prevailed with intermediation in the purchase of chestnut and hybrid coordination structures. The cooperation for united sale was verified in two cases and for raw material purchase by Pacajus agri-industries. The learning from external sources had larger expressiveness than internal and it embraced the agricultural segment in both agglomerates and agri-industrial Pacajus link. The knowledge transmition process was intense in all segments, without regularity and informally led. The agents’ united efforts in research and development in APLs were verified just in the agri-industrial segment. The main innovations diffusion centers were entrepreneurs themselves generating sources and the process happened mainly in an informal way. The interaction between both institutional and organizational atmospheres have suggested agents' necessity of rethinking positions and conducts, for the complementarity to happen among practice and technical-scientific/management visions in the agglomerates. The study has confirmed that when originated and/or strengthened by an endogenous enterprising action, the gathering of companies under the form of local productive arrangement contributes in a more expressive way to the economical development, but the institutional support is also relevant. The critical success factors for agglomerates are the entrepreneurs' deficient economical conditions and the credit access difficulties, since in Pacajus itself was also observed the raw material low quality, the high government taxation and cultural aspects. The priority policies are financial fomentation for the adoption viabilization of technological innovations, products prices improvement and raw material supply for agri-industries, training, technical attendance and knowledge access for all the chain links to minimize the information asymmetry in APLs.

Master of Landscape Architecture / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / Lee R. Skabelund / Urban agriculture is an industry located within or in close proximity to a town, city or a metropolis, which grows, raises, processes and distributes a diversity of food to that urban area (Mougeot 2000). Traditionally, agricultural practices have been viewed as fringe or rural activities that do not belong in urban centers. As cities continue to grow, the distance between food production and consumers increases. On average, a meal eaten in America has traveled approximately 1,500 miles from field to plate (Hill 2008). This distance creates a system that requires food to be imported to cities and removes physical connections between urban populations and their source of food. Increased distances raise concerns of food security as urban areas are now dependent on outside sources. It will continue to be an issue in the future with fossil fuel depletion and the influence this will have on transportation costs and the cost of food. The quality of life in urban areas has also been compromised as centers grow. Individuals get lost in the fast-paced lifestyle of cities and lose the ability to interact socially. As urban populations continue to grow, it will be crucial to create centers that provide potential for a prosperous future. The placement of integrated productive landscapes in cities focuses food production locally while providing public spaces that encourage community interaction, helping transform the urban environment. Like many cities, Kansas City, Missouri has created an urban structure void of food production, relying on food from outside sources. Additionally, the city lacks public spaces deterring community and social interaction. Integrated productive landscapes are presented as opportunities to introduce agriculture into the urban fabric using suitable sites located in the very heart of the city. In this report, the Interstate 670 Corridor is re-envisioned as a productive landscape used to connect the community to local food and encourage social interaction. The corridor demonstrates the seamless integration of agriculture into Kansas City’s urban core, creating a multi-functional productive space that fuses with the public realm in a way that can be appreciated by those who experience it.

M.Phil. (Engineering Management) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

O foco desta pesquisa é o estudo da cadeia produtiva do bambu como material construtivo, investigando atores, atividades e processos. A arquitetura do futuro necessita de novos modelos e materiais construtivos para possibilitar o desenvolvimento sustentável do planeta. A atual demanda habitacional, no Brasil e no mundo, exige do setor da construção civil maior consumo de matériasprimas e, por conseguinte, implicando na elevação da emissão de CO2 e do consumo de energia. Novos materiais que demandam uma quantidade menor de energia em sua produção e uma menor geração de resíduos estão começando a ocupar posição de destaque na cadeia produtiva da construção civil. Neste contexto, o bambu no formato roliço, entre os materiais construtivos do futuro, por suas qualidades físico-mecânicas, além das ambientais, econômicas e sociais, poderia contribuir de maneira positiva. Arquitetos e construtores, no Brasil e em outras partes do mundo, tem de forma significativa ampliado os usos do bambu, aplicando-o em residências, pavilhões, e até em grandes estruturas. Porém, ainda existe um desconhecimento bastante generalizado sobre seu uso na construção civil. Esta lacuna é ainda maior quando se procura entender a sua cadeia produtiva. A compreensão dos atores, processos e da utilização dos materiais não convencionais, como o bambu, para a concepção projetual, é fundamental para o desenvolvimento do estudante e do profissional, seja ele engenheiro ou arquiteto. O trabalho de campo, juntamente ao referencial teórico estudado, permitiu a compreensão de que a cadeia produtiva do bambu como material construtivo além de não seguir o padrão estabelecido na literatura, principalmente com relação aos atores e processos envolvidos diretamente na transformação da matéria-prima, se apresenta de forma desorganizada e frágil, com a concentração de processos em poucos atores, resultando pouca eficiência e dificultando o seu desenvolvimento. / The focus of this research is the study of the bamboo productive chain as constructive material, investigating agents, activities and its processes. The architecture of the future needs new models and constructive materials to enable the sustainable development of the planet. The actual housing demand in Brazil and in the world, require from the civil construction sector a larger consumption of raw material and therefore producing a larger emission of CO2 and energy consumption. New materials that demand a smaller amount of energy and its production and a smaller residual generator are beginning to occupy a prominent position in the productive chain of the civil construction. In this context, the bamboo in natura shape is included in the construction materials of the future, because its physical-mechanical component, also environmental, economic and social component that could contribute in a positive manner. Architects and constructors, in Brazil and in other parts of the world, have considerably increased the use of bamboo; using it in residences, warehouses and even in large structures, although there is a widespread ignorance about its use in the civil construction. This gap is even larger when one seeks to understand its productive chain. The comprehension of its agents, processes and the use of non-conventional materials, such as bamboo, for a project conception is fundamental for the student and the professional development, whether an engineer or architect. The fieldwork, along with the theoretical referential studied, allowed the comprehension of the bamboo productive chain as a constructive material, besides to not follow the established standard in the literature, mainly with the relationship between agents and its processes involved directly in the transformation of the raw material, it presents in a unorganized and frail form, with a concentration of processes within few agents, resulting in little efficiency and hindering its development.

Thesis advisor: Marcie Pitt-Catsouphes / The productive aging paradigm emphasizes the importance of continued engagement in productive roles for maintaining health and vitality in later life. The word "engagement" is frequently used within this literature to refer to physical engagement with a role--or one's involvement in the categorical sense. However, psychological engagement--or one's subjective experience of a role as positive, meaningful, invigorating, and inspiring--is less frequently discussed. While there is a well-developed body of knowledge on the antecedents and consequences of psychological engagement with paid work, little is known about the role of age or age-related factors in these relationships. This dissertation begins to fill this gap in the knowledge base by drawing upon important insights from the business management and industrial/organizational psychology literature to understand factors that may contribute to and/or detract from older adults' ability to psychologically engage in work roles and whether these relationships vary for older adults (age 50 or older, n = 543) compared to midlife (age 35 to 49, n = 653) or younger adults (under age 35, n = 664). Results of multi-level regression analyses suggest that personal resources (i.e., core self-evaluations) and job resources (i.e., task variety, autonomy, friendship, task identity, task significance, supervisor support, job security, inclusion in decision-making, opportunities for learning and development, and team culture of flexibility) were main predictors of engagement for older adults as well as midlife and younger adults. Interestingly, the strength and nature of several of the job resource-engagement relationships were dependent upon job demands and/or core self-evaluations for older adults; however, in general, this was not the case for younger or midlife adults. Age differences remained even after controlling for several factors that could account for age-based differences in predictors of engagement (e.g., tenure). These findings provide a fuller understanding of the conditions that promote or impede psychological engagement with work in later life and will help policymakers and practitioners to better recognize and advocate for work contexts that maximize well-being for older adults. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Social Work. / Discipline: Social Work.

O sistema produtivo da mineração de ferro é caracterizada por um ciclo de produção longo com processo integrado em série e contínuo, desde a mina até a distribuição. Este último estágio é realizado, em grande parte, por meio do modal aquaviário. Nesse sistema dinâmico e complexo em que as operações portuárias e os processos produtivos são aleatórios, problemas logísticos podem ser identificados, acarretando custos de espera por sobreestadias de navios nos portos, traduzidos em multas, custos de manuseio e manutenção de estoques e custo de vendas perdidas pelo não-atendimento do planejamento de vendas, entre outros. Pela possibilidade da realização de experiências, da observação, da aprendizagem e da avaliação do comportamento do sistema mediante a mudança de estado das variáveis de decisão, tais como, programação da produção e nível de estoque de segurança, bem como a mudança da forma de operação, a construção de um modelo para simulação da operação desse sistema pode ser de grande utilidade na busca das possíveis soluções para maior eficiência do mesmo. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi construir um modelo de simulação do sistema produtiva do minério de ferro que comercializa produtos acabados no mercado transoceânico e estudar o comportamento desse sistema perante mudança de estado das variáveis representadas pela seqüência de programação da produção, pelo nível de estoque de segurança no sistema e pela mudança na forma de operação. O comportamento do sistema foi avaliado por meio da análise da medida de rendimento global, definida pelo somatório dos custos de manutenção de estoques, de vendas perdidas e de multas por sobreestadia dos navios no porto no horizonte de um ano. O modelo utiliza a técnica de simulação discreta em que foi construída uma lógica para discretizar o processo produtivo, tornando possível simular o sistema contínuo sem perder a integridade dos resultados. O estudo possibilitou avaliar o \"trade-off\" existente entre o custo de vendas perdidas, o custo de \"demurrage\" e o custo de manutenção de estoques, e identificou, dentre os cenários estudados, a forma de operação para o sistema produtiva do minério de ferro que resultou no menor custo. / The iron mining production system is characterized by a long production cycle with in series and continuous integrated processes, from the mine to the distribution. This last stage is largely accomplished by nautical modal. In this dynamic and complex system, which the port operations and the productive processes are aleatory, logistic problems can be identified, generating waiting expenses resulting from the ship?s overstay in the harbors, turned into fines, handling and maintenance costs and lost sales due to the sales planning non-assistance, among others. The construction of a model for operation simulation of this system can be very helpful to find possible solutions for increasing the system\'s efficiency. It will create the possibility of accomplishing experiments, observing, learning, and evaluating its behavior, through changing the status of the decision variables, such as production schedule and safety stock level, as well as changing the operation form. The main goal of this work was to build a simulation model of the iron ore productive system, which commercializes end products in the transoceanic market. It also allows studying the behavior of this system to face status changes of the variables represented by the production schedule sequence, safety stock level in the system and change in the operation form. The system\'s behavior was evaluated through the analysis of the global revenue measure from the system defined by the sum of the stocks maintenance costs, lost sales and overstay fines of ships in the harbor during a whole year. The model uses a discreet simulation technique, which logic was built to detail the productive process, making possible to simulate the continuous system without losing the integrity of the results. The study enabled to evaluate the existing trade-off between the lost sales, \"demurrage\" and stocks maintenance cost, and it identified, among the studied scenarios, the operation form for the iron ore productive system that resulted in lower costs.

Failure is a necessary step in the process of learning. For this reason, there has been a myriad of research dedicated to the study of student perseverance in the presence of failure, leading to several commonly-cited theories and frameworks to characterize productive and unproductive representations of the construct of persistence. While researchers are in agreement that it is important for students to persist when struggling to learn new material, there can be both positive and negative aspects of persistence. What is it, then, that separates productive from unproductive persistence? The purpose of this work is to address this question through the development, extension, and study of data-driven models of student affect, behavior, and knowledge. The increased adoption of computer-based learning platforms in real classrooms has led to unique opportunities to study student learning at both fine levels of granularity and longitudinally at scale. Prior work has leveraged machine learning methods, existing learning theory, and previous education research to explore various aspects of student learning. These include the development of sensor-free detectors that utilize only the student interaction data collected through such learning platforms. Building off of the considerable amount of prior research, this work employs state-of-the-art machine learning methods in conjunction with the large scale granular data collected by computer-based learning platforms in alignment with three goals. First, this work focuses on the development of student models that study learning through the use of advancements in student modeling and deep learning methodologies. Second, this dissertation explores the development of tools that incorporate such models to support teachers in taking action in real classrooms to promote productive approaches to learning. Finally, this work aims to complete the loop in utilizing these detector models to better understand the underlying constructs that are being measured through their application and their connection to productive perseverance and commonly-observed learning outcomes.

This thesis analyzes how Latinas on Instagram actively resist social and cultural conventions of sexuality, propriety and femininity through the adornment and arrangement of their bodies. Taking into account expectations of women's behavior in public spaces, I examine the ways social media as a digital public sphere reliant upon user-generated visual content creates opportunities for rejecting mutually exclusive understandings of womanhood. The Latina users in this study employ raunch aesthetics and the performance of productive perversity, as theorized by Jillian Hernandez (2014) and Celine Parreñas Shimizu (2007) respectively, via accessories and nonverbal behavior to problematize racialized and classed representations of gender.

Orientador: Ademir Jose Petenate / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-06T15:27:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_FlorinezPugliesida_M.pdf: 8762463 bytes, checksum: 2b81b3ba9fd5ff73026d3ef9cfb65e6e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: O Programa de Produtividade foi desenvolvido na área de usinagem da ¿Schrader Bridgeport Brasil¿ acompanhando o processo de produção do Grupo de Máquinas de Usinagem ¿Simplex¿. É um programa de ¿Gestão à Vista¿, uma vez que existem planilhas que registram, diariamente, o cálculo de produtividade das máquinas e as causas de suas paradas. Este programa surgiu com o objetivo de aperfeiçoar a operação da planta brasileira; melhorar a ¿produtividade¿ do Setor de Usinagem, por meio do aumento da eficiência dos equipamentos; reduzir as horas paradas de máquinas; os custos de produção e as horas não absorvidas por elas. O programa tem base teórica em um dos pilares do ¿TPM ¿ Manutenção Produtiva Total¿ que é a maximização da eficiência dos equipamentos (OEE ¿ Overall Equipment Efectiveness) / Abstract: The Productivity Program was developed in the Schrader Bridigeport Brasil Machine Department, following the production process of ¿Simplex¿ Machine Group. It is an ¿on View Management¿, once there are worksheets that register, daily, the machine roductivity calculations and stop causes. This program was created with the objetive of improve the brazilian site operations, increase productivity in machine department, through efficiency increase of equipament, reduce the time of stopped machines, the production costs and hours and other lost hours not include in previus itens. This program has a theorethical base in one of the foundations of ¿TPM - Total Productive Maintence¿ that is the optimization of equipment efficiency (OEE - Overall Equipament Effectiveness) / Mestrado / Gestão da Qualidade Total / Mestre Profissional em Engenharia Mecanica

O estudo teve por objetivo analisar de forma crítica a cadeia produtiva dos vinhos finos do Estado do Rio Grande Sul, bem como desenhar, descrever e identificar seus principais pontos fortes e fracos e as inter-relações entre os elos da referida cadeia. Para o atingimento dos objetivos propostos o presente trabalho foi realizado em duas etapas. Inicialmente foi realizado um estudo exploratório com proprietários e executivos de empresas do setor. Esta etapa subsidiou a pesquisa descritiva a qual procurou descrever a cadeia produtiva de vinhos finos gaúchos. As principais constatações foram a carência de integração entre os elos da cadeia produtiva comprometendo a competitividade da mesma, bem como, os elos que se constituem em pontos fracos. Com base nessas evidencias foram sugeridas melhorias. / The aim of this study is to critically analyse the productive chain of fine wines in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, as well as design, describe and identify his main strengths and weaknesses and the interrelationship between them. In order to achieve this aim, the dissertation has beem divided in two stages. First, an exploratory study took place, with owners and executives ofthe sector. This stage subsidised the descriptive research which sought to describe the productive chain ofthe "gaúcho" fine wines. The principal results point at the lack of integration between the productive links, which in tum, has negative results for its competitivity. Based on this avidence a number of improvements have been suggested.