The detection of false data-injection attacks in industrial networks is a growing challenge in the industry because it requires knowledge of application and protocol specific behaviors. Profinet is a common communication standard currently used in the industry, which has the potential to encounter this type of attack. This motivates an examination on whether a solution based on machine learning with a focus on anomaly detection can be implemented and used to detect abnormal data in Profinet packets. Previous work has investigated this topic; however, a solution is not available in the market yet. Any solution that aims to be adopted by the industry requires the detection of abnormal data at the application level and to run the analytics on a resource-constrained device. This thesis presents an implementation, which aims to detect abnormal data in Profinet packets represented as online data streams generated in real-time. The implemented unsupervised learning approach is validated on data from a simulated industrial use-case scenario. The results indicate that the method manages to detect all abnormal behaviors in an industrial network.

This work deals with the virtual and later real commissioning of the workplace for cold spraying of rotating parts, which is located in the laboratories of the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology. The workplace put into operation in this way serves the employees of the mentioned institute for experimental activities in the field of cold spraying. The theoretical part of the thesis describes all the essentials associated with virtual commissioning and the theory of cold spray. The practical part then deals with the creation of a robotic program, including the user interface, which is used to control the workplace. Part of this diploma thesis is also the realization of the connection between the external motor driver and the robot controller via the PROFINET communication bus.

Målsättningen med rapporten är att bestämma på vilket sätt det går att hantera problem med gamla komponenter som går sönder på produktionslinjen som behöver ersättas med modernare utrustning. Att analysera valet till metod och val av passande ersättande komponenter, då valet kan vara kritisk för anläggningens funktion. Att jämföra de kommunikationsgränssnitt som används i arbetet i from av överföringshastigheter, distanser och funktion. Arbetet går igenom kommunikationsgränssnitt som PROFINET, RS-232, HART, Siemens protokollet RK 512 och proceduren 3964R. Hur signalöverföring med Current Loop fungerar. Arbetet visar hur det är möjligt att återfinna gamla data från produkter som installerats decennier tidigare genom litteraturstudie och mångsidig testning. Beroende på vilken situationen är i industrin och planer för framtida maskinuppgraderingar kan lösningsmetoden variera för att framtidssäkra produktionen med ny teknik eller med nya komponenter.  Resultatet av arbetet gav åter igen en fungerande produktionslinje. Kommunikationsgränssnitt som PROFINET är superiör med snabb överföringshastighet, långt kabelavstånd och skydd mot EMC. Vilket gör den till ett framtidssäkert gränssnitt. Till skillnad från äldre gränsnitt som den väletablerade RS232 som har långsam dataöverföring, korta kabelavstånd och är känslig för EMC. HART är ett flexibelt kommunikationsgränssnitt som använder Current Loop för signalöverföring. Eftersom gränssnittet använder ström möjliggör det mycket långa kabelavstånd och skydd mot EMC, men långsam datahastighet. / The aim of the report is to determine how to deal with problems with old components that break on the production line that need to be replaced with modern equipment. To analyse the choice of method and choice of suitable replacement components, as the choice can be critical for the plant's function. To compare the communication interfaces used in the work in the form of transmission speeds, distances, and function. The work goes through communication interface such as PROFINET, RS-232, HART, the Siemens protocol RK 512 and the procedure 3964R. How signal transmission with Current Loop works. The work shows how it is possible to find old data from products that were installed decades earlier through literature study and versatile testing. Depending on the situation in the industry and plans for future machine upgrades, the solution method can vary, as you want to secure the future of production with new technology or with new components. The result of the work once again gave a functioning production line. Communication interfaces such as PROFINET are superior with fast transmission speeds, long cable distances and protection against EMC. Which makes it a future-proof interface. Unlike older interfaces such as the well-established RS232 which has slow data transfer, short cable distances and is sensitive to EMC. HART is a flexible communication interface that uses the Current Loop for signal transmission. Because the interface uses current, it provides very long cable distances and protection against EMC, but slow data speeds.

The industrial needs in the production of goods and control of processes within the factory keep leapfrogging daily by the necessities to fulfil the needs of the ever-growing population. In recent times, the industries are looking towards Industry 4.0 to improve their overall productivity and scalability. One of the significant aspects that are required to meet the requirements of Industry 4.0 is communication networks among industrial applications. Nowadays, industries from the cross markets are looking to replace their existing wired networks with wireless networks, which indeed brings many use-cases and a lot of new business models into existence. To make all these options possible, wireless networks need to meet the stringent requirements of these industrial applications in the form of reliability, latency, and service availability. This thesis focuses on a systematic methodology to integrate wireless networks like 5G, Wi-Fi 6, etc., into real-life automation devices. It also describes a methodology to evaluate their communication and control performance by varying control parameters like topology, cycle time, and type of networks. It also devises some techniques and methods that can improve the overall performance, i.e., both control and communication performance of the control applications. The method used to implement this work is a case study. This work integrates and tests the industrial applications in a real-life scenario. It is the best effort to bring a unique perspective of communication engineers and control engineers together regarding the performance of the industrial applications. This work tries to verify the suitability of the wireless in mission-critical control application scenarios with respect to their communication and control performance. Software for data analysis and visualization and its methodology for analyzing the traffic flow of the control applications via different wireless networks is demonstrated by varying different control parameters. It is shown that it is challenging for 5G to support the shorter cycle time values, and performance will get better and more stable with the increase in the cycle time of the control application. It is also found that the 1-Hop wireless topologies have a comparatively better control performance than 2-Hop wireless topologies. In the end, it is found that the communication and control performance of the motion control application can be improved by using the hybrid topology, which is a mixture of 5G and Wi-Fi 6, by modifying some key aspects. The thesis work helps to introduce a novel systematic methodology for measuring and analyzing the communication and control applications via different wireless networks. It also gives a better idea for the control engineers in the industry about which cycle times the different wireless networks and their topologies support when integrated with industrial automation devices. It also describes which wireless networks support industrial applications better. It ends with a novel methodology that could improve the performance of the mission-critical motion applications by using existing wireless technologies.

Industrial Ethernet Communication protocols for Real-Time communication is the focus of research in a variety of different industrial Applications. The subject of thesis study is a comprehensive analysis of Industrial Ethernet protocols used in safety-critical real-time environment, comparing these based on performance, safety, diagnostics and error detection features, topology preference, cost incurred and openness of the protocol. The protocols chosen for this comparisons are ModbusTCP, EtherNet/IP, Ethernet Powerlink, Profinet IO, EtherCAT®, Sercos III, and CC-LINK IE, because they are most relevant for real-time applications and they have a widespread global presence in a lot of industrial applications. The industry in focus here is the spacecraft industry, which is a perfect example of a real-time safety-critical environment, where the protocols need to perform under harsh conditions, such as vibrations, exposure to radiation , extreme temperatures and low atmospheric pressure, and have strict timing requirements. The communication protocols for this environment are held to very high standards of performance and communication accuracy. The challenge here is to implement a protocol that can provide deterministic, real-time communication in such extreme conditions. The protocol in focus here is the ModbusTCP protocol , that is implemented on the ESBO-DS Stratospheric Balloon project to establish a communication link with the pointing system on board. ModbusTCP is chosen for this application because it is reliable, has a large support base, it is easy to implement, transparent and extremely interoperable. All these benefits along with providing real-time communication on a space-based application gives us a good reason to continuing the use of ModbusTCP here. The conclusion of the comparison of the selected real-time communication Industrial Ethernet protocols is that there is no “best ” protocol, and the choice of protocol depends on the application in focus. EtherCAT, SERCOS III and PROFINET IRT are all powerful hard real-time protocols, but require dedicated and expensive hardware for implementation. CC-Link IE is also a popular hard real-time protocol that uses special hardware and is well-established in the East Asian countries. Ethernet/IP and ModbusTCP control a large market share in the Industrial Communication domain in addition to providing good performance easily available tools. Ethernet Powerlink is open and provides both implementation and specification royalty free on its organisations website. / Industriella Ethernet-kommunikationsprotokoll för realtidskommunikation är fokus för forskning inom en mängd olika industriella tillämpningar. Ämnet för avhandlingsstudien är en omfattande analys av industriella Ethernet-protokoll som används i säkerhetskritiska realtidsmiljöer, som jämför dessa baserat på prestanda, säkerhet, diagnostik och feldetekteringsfunktioner, topologipreferenser, uppkomna kostnader och protokollets öppenhet. De valda protokollen för dessa jämförelser är ModbusTCP, EtherNet/IP, Ethernet Powerlink, Profinet IO, EtherCAT®, Sercos III och CC-LINK IE, eftersom de är mest relevanta för realtidsapplikationer och de har en utbredd global närvaro i många industriella tillämpningar. Branschen i fokus här är rymdfarkostindustrin, som är ett perfekt exempel på en realtidssäkerhetskritisk miljö, där protokollen måste fungera under tuffa förhållanden, såsom vibrationer, exponering för strålning, extrema temperaturer och lågt atmosfärstryck, och har strikta tidskrav. Kommunikationsprotokollen för denna miljö håller mycket höga standarder för prestanda och kommunikationsnoggrannhet. Utmaningen här är att implementera ett protokoll som kan tillhandahålla deterministisk kommunikation i realtid under sådana extrema förhållanden. Protokollet i fokus här är ModbusTCP-protokollet, som är implementerat i ESBO-DS Stratospheric Balloon-projektet för att upprätta en kommunikationslänk med peksystemet ombord. ModbusTCP är vald för denna applikation eftersom den är pålitlig, har en stor supportbas, den är lätt att implementera, transparent och extremt driftskompatibel. Alla dessa fördelar tillsammans med att tillhandahålla realtidskommunikation på en rymdbaserad applikation ger oss en god anledning att fortsätta använda ModbusTCP här. Slutsatsen av jämförelsen av de valda realtidskommunikationens Industrial Ethernet-protokoll är att det inte finns något bästaprotokoll, och valet av protokoll beror på applikationen i fokus. EtherCAT, SERCOS III och PROFINET IRT är alla kraftfulla hårda realtidsprotokoll, men kräver dedikerad och dyr hårdvara för implementering. CC-Link IE är också ett populärt hårt realtidsprotokoll som använder speciell hårdvara och är väletablerat i de östasiatiska länderna. Ethernet/IP och ModbusTCP kontrollerar en stor marknadsandel inom industriell kommunikationsdomän förutom att de tillhandahåller bra prestanda lättillgängliga verktyg. Ethernet Powerlink är öppet och tillhandahåller både implementering och specifikation royaltyfritt på sin organisations webbplats.

This presenting master’s thesis deals with a problem of digitaly controled room temperature using the software PLC. The result of this work was creating of an algorithm to control temperature on the requested leve ofl setpoint, minimizing operating costs of the building. The PLC softwares from different manufacturers were analyzed and compared with conventional PLC. The testing facility was disigned and used to control the temperature in the room and data visualization. Room temperature was regulated by PS controller or two point regulator.

The aim of the thesis is to design a special purpose tool for sag measurement. Three possible solutions are proposed, for each the production cycle time is calculated and its approximate costs are estimated. The best solution in terms of a trade-off between both key quantities is suggested. Next part of the work deals with the selection of suitable drives for the manipulator as well as of the other components for the whole electrical device. Finally, a possible automated control of the complete machinery, including the electrical wiring diagram, is presented.

In control technique there is evident highly expressive trend of shifting from efficient central managing systems towards smaller systems which are distributed on technology and which are connected by communication bus. There is no need to link all signals to central management system, operation is then distributed and realized directly in individual parts of technology. That’s why these systems are called distributive managing systems. Distributive managing systems are widely used not only in industrial applications but also in buildings, cars, etc..

This diploma thesis is focused on the study of concept of Internet of Things, concept of Industry 4.0 and on current conditions in smart factories. Based on these studies there was designed and implemented hardware and software adjustment for industrial machines and connection of these industrial machines to communication network. There was designed and programmed the application in the C# language. This application provides a data collection from industrial machines, provides various services for machines and humans and this application is processing and viewing necessary data. For these purposes the application is using a database system based on the SQLite. These tasks of designing and implementation are summarized to system, which is determined for smart factory implementation. This implementation is created according to Industry 4.0 concept.