Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:08:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 71050100665.pdf: 1200022 bytes, checksum: 1f8ccfefbe91b191497f4d5021ad4180 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-17T00:00:00Z / Este trabalho aborda o tema das aglomerações geográficas de organizações interconectadas, ou os assim chamados clusters empresariais. Sendo que a competitividade encontra seus fundamentos na ação das empresas, e estas podem não somente criar lucro econômico, mas também gerar benefícios para a sociedade local e o país, é necessário compreender melhor os efeitos decorrentes da aglomeração empresarial, para o conjunto de organizações que atuam conjuntamente na mesma região, e principalmente, para a sociedade local. O objetivo deste trabalho é determinar quais são os efeitos dos clusters nos municípios onde se encontram estabelecidos. Para tanto, adotou-se uma estratégia de pesquisa de múltiplas etapas, envolvendo inicialmente uma pesquisa exploratória em um reconhecido cluster de tecnologia da informação e comunicação, cujos subsídios foram utilizados no refinamento de hipóteses testadas em uma pesquisa quantitativa, na qual foram analisadas 645 observações, correspondentes aos municípios do estado de São Paulo. Os resultados sugerem que os municípios que contam com clusters industriais são aqueles que apresentam desempenho superior, em termos de intensidade exportadora e agregação de valor. Estes municípios apresentam ainda níveis elevados de riqueza para os munícipes, e, nas cidades com clusters industriais, há também maior longevidade dos cidadãos. Mas não há qualquer evidência de que municípios com concentrações estão relacionados à maior escolaridade, um resultado contra-intuitivo, já que supostamente, a atividade industrial demanda gestores mais especializados, e mão-de-obra mais qualificada. Uma evidência interessante se refere aos problemas ambientais. O grupo de municípios com clusters apresentou mais problemas relacionados a alterações ambientais. Sendo qualquer teoria resultado de características histórico-culturais bastante específicas, seu poder explicativo pode diminuir à medida que novas demandas sociais adentram nos campos científicos. Como tal, uma necessária revisão do modelo de vantagem competitiva em clusters é sugerida neste trabalho, contemplando as questões da sustentabilidade, que se fazem presentes na economia e na sociedade contemporâneas. / This study provides evidence regarding the strategic dynamics of competitive clusters. It’s suggested that the competitiveness must be pursued not only by the increasing of economic profits, but it also must generate benefits for the local society and the country. This is necessary to understand better the whole effects of the clusters for the set of organizations who act jointly in the same region. This work aims to determine which are the effects of clusters in the region where they are established. A strategy of research of multiple stages was adopted, having involved initially an exploratory research, in a cluster of information and communication technology. The results had been used in the refinement of hypotheses for a quantitative research, in which 645 observations had been analyzed, correspondent to the cities of the state of São Paulo. The results suggest that the industrial clusters cities are those who present superior performance of exporting intensity and aggregation of value. These cities still present high levels of wealth for the townspeople, and the cities with industrial clusters, also have bigger longevity of the citizens. But any evidence of that cities with clusters are related to the biggest years of study was found. An interesting evidence is related to the environmental problems. The group of cities with clusters presented more related ambient alterations. Thus, a necessary revision of the model of competitive advantage in clusters is suggested in this work, contemplating the contemporary questions about environmental problems.

The maping of the everyday´s life and the public holidays of the small traders in the beginning of 20th century in the city of České Budějovice, their political affiliation, the religion or the entertainment. The everyday´s life of the small traders in the city České Budějovice in the first half of 20th century.

Research questions: This research was focused on exploring the impact of communication technologies on rural populations in the Congo. In particular, this research posed two questions: 1. Do mobile phones produce development in rural areas of the Congo? 2. Do mobile phones improve the living conditions of people? The questions helped examine ways in which mobile phones were or were not engendering development among these populations. Methods: The research was undertaken using four methods: 1. Phenomenology, 2. Sen's capability approach, 3. Participatory method, and 4. Ecological method. Phenomenology aimed to cater to the experiences and meanings of mobile phone uses. Sen's capability approach allowed the interviews to be focused on the basic needs of the poor. Participatory method provided a greater participation of respondents in discussion groups, and ecological method helped achieve a higher inclusion of key players in the targeted area. Major findings: The major findings of this study included: 1. Much of the literature on mobile phones and development was not representative or inclusive of key players and their day-to-day lives. 2. Studies have tended to present snapshots or single-focused accounts of mobile phone and development. 3. Authors of mobile phone research have tended to see rural populations with an urban-led bias, leaving aside the actual characteristics of rural areas. 4. Mobile phones were not limited to a person and her properties, but rather mobile phones were owned and shared by the community. 5. Participants expressed a need for technical skills and means to be available to the community and their members. 6. Households were not separated, but rather they were connected to allow people take care of one another. 7. People were connected through collective solidarities in order to come to the aid of those with special needs. 8. Literature and mobile phone sponsors or companies were disseminating mobile phones with an extractive and commercial tendency, focused principally on fees of batteries, chargers, and prepaid cards. Major contributions: The major contributions of this research revolved around the focus on: 1. technology to enhance the needed technical skills among concerned populations. 2. shared ownership of mobile phones to cater to both users and non-users of mobile phones among concerned populations. 3. connected households to capitalize on the dynamics of family among concerned populations. 4. collective solidarities to accommodate the processes of aiding one another among concerned populations. 5. capabilities, from a commercial or extractive aspect to capabilities to enhance the capabilities of people to afford mobile phones fees. 6. capabilities, from a corporate or business aspect to capabilities to enhance the capabilities of people who did not and could not own a business. 7. human basic needs to enhance the capabilities of mobile phone users with regard to human basic needs. 8. outliers or the marginalized to attend to those left out among concerned populations. 9. mobile phone-centric libraries to enhance the storage and retrieval of needed information among concerned populations.

This work is aimed at connection of somatic values and school success in girls in the first and the fourth year of primary schools. Objective of the work is description of the mode of effect of age structure and growth on school success. Further, the influence of postponed school attendance on school success. The surveying took place at fourteen basic schools in České Budějovice and its proximity in the year of 2006. The sample was made up of 220 girls in first year and 204 girls in fourth year. The opinions of teachers and parents were recorded in a case of position of 6 years old pupils and 7 years old ones in connection with school success, then information of delay of school attendance.

Easterlin paradox referring to relatively stable levels of happiness and increasing in­ come over time, although these two seem to be correlated at one point in time has became a hot topic among economist researches in recent decades. The thesis ex­ tends the usual income analysis to reveal the nature of correlations between material prosperity and happiness. Series of 15 OLS, ordered probit and ordered logit models together with 35 quantile regressions provide a complex analysis of possible happi­ ness drivers. Results find significant correlations between material prosperity and happiness, and between happiness and social life. The relationship between income and happiness might be non-linear and influenced by various factors. Happiness is found to be dependent on relative income and socio-politic living environment which explains the Easterlin paradox. JEL codes D6, 124, 131 , J31 K ey words Happiness, Well-being, Life satisfaction, Public pol­ icy, Material prosperity, Reference point, Inequality

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work entails a study on the religious discourse of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, drawn by the analysis of the testimony of members of this church, publicized at the section Overcoming of the "Folha Universal" newspaper. The core of these discussions is focused on the notion of changes in the discursive practices, proposed by Fairclough (2001, 2008), according to which the social activities of education, medical, and religion, for example, are fruits of this market invasion and resulting of the pressure so that these institutions evolve with new activities that are defined mostly by news discursive practives (such as marketing). This author complements stating that the colonization of the existing activities by external speeches as the one of publicity provokes relexicalization of activities and relations. As an example, the author mentions some kinds of relexicalizations which happen in the teaching field, where learners are seen as consumers or clients and the courses as packages or products . It also stands out a more subtle restructuring of the discursive practices of education types of speech (genders, styles, etc.) that are therefore used (FAIRCLOUGH, 2008, p.25). It is used as a theoretical and methodological foundation, the Critical Discourse Analysis. We focus this research on the changes in the domain of the religious discourse, its constitution in the posmodern heterogeneity, and on the way the other discourse, specially of publicity (in the midia), have framed their style and identity. / Este trabalho compreende um estudo do discurso religioso da Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus, elaborado a partir da análise do testemunho de fiéis dessa Igreja, veiculado na seção Superação do Jornal Folha Universal. O eixo central das discussões desta pesquisa se situa na noção de mudanças nas práticas discursivas, proposta por Fairclough (2001, 2008), segundo a qual as atividades sociais de educação, médica, e religião, por exemplo, são frutos da invasão do mercado e resultado da pressão para que essas instituições se envolvam com novas atividades que são definidas em grande parte por novas práticas discursivas (como marketing). Esse autor complementa afirmando que a colonização das atividades já existentes por tipos de discurso exteriores como o da publicidade provoca relexicalizações de atividades e relações. Como exemplo o autor cita alguns tipos de relexicalizações que acontecem na área do ensino, onde aprendizes são vistos como consumidores ou clientes e os cursos como pacotes ou produtos . Destaca também uma reestruturação mais sutil das práticas discursivas da educação os tipos de discurso (gêneros, estilos, etc.) que aí são usados (FAIRCLOUGH, 2008, p.25). Utilizando-se como suporte teórico e metodológico a Análise Crítica do Discurso, focalizaremos nesta pesquisa as mudanças no domínio discursivo religioso, sua constituição na heterogeneidade pós-moderna, e a forma como outros discursos, especialmente o da publicidade (na mídia), tem moldado seu estilo e identidade.

Globalization has facilitated the growth of “market-friendly” religions throughout the world, but especially in developing societies in the global South. A popular belief among these movements is prosperity belief. Prosperity belief has several characteristics which make it compatible with liberal individualism, the dominant value in a globalized society. At the same time, its compatibility with this value may be limited, extending only to economic liberalism, but not to liberal attitudes on social issues. Data from the Pew Forum on Religious and Public Life’s 2006 survey Spirit and Power: Survey of Pentecostals in Guatemala is used to conduct a quantitative analysis regarding the economic and social attitudes of prosperity belief adherents in Guatemala in order to examine the potential, as well as the limits, of this belief’s compatibility with liberal individualism. Results suggest that support for liberal individualism is bifurcated. On one hand there is some support for the positive influence of prosperity belief on economic liberalism in regards to matters of free trade, but on the other hand, prosperity belief adherents continue to maintain conservative attitudes in regards to social issues. As prosperity belief and liberal individualism continue to grow along global capitalism, these findings have implications for the future of market-friendly religions and for the societies of the global South.

The presented thesis deals with the basic premises of the common good and sustainable develompent the society. The thesis deals with the themes of freedom, fairness, trust, responsibility, morality, ethics and ekonomics tested on the specific phenomenon of the Global financial crisis in 2008. The attention is focused especially on the way of thinking and behavior of humans, which played a significant role, both on the part of institutions, politicians, economists, financiers and ordinary citizens. It reveals the key factors leading to the formation of crisis. In this context it suggests possible solutions to prevent similar crises in the future.

[pt] Este trabalho tem por objetivo promover o estudo do neoliberalismo enquanto nova razão do mundo, conforme estudado por Pierre Dardot e Christian Laval, e do neopentecostalismo, utilizando a Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus como paradigma, para investigar a hipótese de um processo de educação neoliberal por meio da prática religiosa neopentecostal. Nesse cenário, pretende-se analisar o neopentecostalismo e o neoliberalismo como estruturas e práticas que são produtos de experiências históricas que lhes determinaram a forma que têm hoje. Busca-se demonstrar que tanto o neoliberalismo quanto o neopentecostalismo são entidades normativas criadoras de subjetividades e de mundos, evitando algumas interpretações calcificadas de que o neoliberalismo é um mecanismo interno do capitalismo para aumentar ou preservar a sua existência enquanto o neopentecostalismo é uma forma de ideologia religiosa que se alimenta da ignorância de fiéis pauperizados. Neste trabalho, neoliberalismo e neopentecostalismo são abordados como experiência e estrutura, analisando ao mesmo tempo, como o universo simbólico de cada um deles emerge de uma estrutura (A Igreja de um lado, o Estado, o mercado de outro) para constituir o sujeito neopentecostal-neoliberal que também se orienta por uma estrutura: a empresarial-concorrencial. O trabalho explora como o catecismo da IURD incute uma ética empresarial nos seus fiéis e em que medida essa construção de sujeito guarda relação com o processo de educação do sujeito neoliberal preconizada por Ludwig von Mises e Friedrich Hayek. / [en] This thesis aims to promote the study of neoliberalism as a new reason of the world as developed by Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval, and of neopentecostalism, using the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG) as matrix, to investigate the hypothesis of a process of neoliberal education through neopentecostal religious practices. Within this frame, my intention is to analyze both neopentecostalism and neoliberalism as structures and practices that are results of historical experiences which shaped them as they present themselves today. I intent to demonstrate that both neoliberalism and neopentecostalism are normative entities bearing the capacity of producing subjects and worlds, avoid, therefore, to make use of some petrified interpretations concerning neoliberalism as an internal mechanism of capitalism to grow or preserve itself, and concerning neopentecostalism as a religious ideology which feeds itself from the ignorance of poor people. In this thesis, neoliberalism and neopentecostalism are undertaken as experience and structure, in which I seek to analyze how the symbolical universe of each of them emerges from a structure (on one side, the Church; on the other, the State and the Market), to constitute a neopentecostal-neoliberal subject, which also guides himself by another structure: that entrepreneurial-concurrencial. This thesis explores how the catechism of UCKG teaches an entrepreneurial ethics on its followers and in which point this construction of subjectivity is related to the process of education of the neoliberal man, preconized by Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek.

This ethnographic study explores how various stakeholders perceive and experience the corporate social responsibility (CSR) environment in China, highlighting both its benefits and challenges. Since 2019, China has increasingly engaged in environmental and social initiatives, including the "2030 Peak Carbon Emissions" and "2060 Carbon Neutrality" plans, and has prioritized triple distribution as a national strategic framework for achieving shared prosperity goals. Many companies have responded actively to national policies by integrating CSR themes into their management systems and business strategies. However, there has been limited investigation into how the concept, guidelines, and measures of CSR are perceived and experienced by specific stakeholder groups in practical settings. Documenting the experiences of certain stakeholders in the early stages of rapid CSR development is crucial for informing government and organizational CSR initiatives, assessing policy plans, and providing valuable insights for future policy-making. This study employs an anthropological approach rarely used in CSR research. From 2021 to 2022, individual data was collected through participatory observation of CSR consulting firms and in-depth interviews with stakeholders in Shanghai. Starting from individual cases, the paper explores the complexity of individual thoughts and behaviors in CSR activities. A thinking map based on common characteristics was constructed based on the language used by respondents to describe how their world operates. The results indicate differences in CSR awareness among respondents, with state-owned enterprises seen as the main bearers of CSR. Government policies and mainstream trends significantly influence CSR practices, emphasizing the importance of government quality in establishing a trustworthy and capable social environment. The role of civil society in CSR needs to be further strengt hened, as the lack of conditions for organizational and individual participation in public policy -making undermines the significance of CSR in providing moral leadership. Some respondents express skepticism about the authenticity of CSR, primarily due to a lack of internal employee care culture, which is a key persuasive factor in stimulating employee interest in CSR.