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The following dissertation comprises three studies that aim to better understand organizational identity in the field of U.S. higher education. Research in this area has focused largely on attributes that emphasize college and university distinctiveness, though a good deal of studies in higher education have found that many postsecondary institutions are very alike in their structure and behavior. On the other hand, qualitative research demonstrates that organizational identity helps to explain differences between colleges and universities. The studies herein conceptualize organizational identity as a series of claims about self that balance both sameness and distinctiveness. These studies analyze how organizational identity establishes an institution’s group membership, while distinguishing the institution from colleges and universities in other groups. Manuscripts analyze how organizational identity is associated with action using institutions’ self-selected comparison groups. The first study examines how institutions’ identity claims and aspirational identity claims, measured through their comparison groups, are associated with future action. The second study applies social network analysis techniques to identity communities of colleges and universities that are routinely nominated together. With specific focus on public comprehensive institutions (CIs), this analysis finds salient institutional groups that draw on a common set of organizing principles. CIs, for example, tend to enroll diverse student bodies and maintain low tuition prices when compared with other types of postsecondary institutions. The final study investigates how these common organizing principles influence organizational action in response to their environments. Findings suggest that under the same conditions, CIs enroll more students from low-income backgrounds as a share of their undergraduate bodies when compared with public research universities.

This study compares the perceptions of presidents and academic and fiscal vice presidents of Texas public senior colleges and universities and with those of (appointed) members of the Texas Coordinating Board. A survey instrument was developed, based upon appropriate coordinating board functions discussed in the literature review, A five-point scale was used to measure intensity or agreement or disagreement. Responses were subjected to one way analysis of variance to determine differences between administrators and board members. Differences significant at the .05 level are reported. Administrators and board members differed significantly on all statements related to centralized control versus internal autonomy. Board members endorsed a greater variety of roles and a higher level of activity for the board than did administrators, although members were not expansionistic. Administrators indicated diverse opinions regarding the board's role. Responses related to formula funding were similar. Board members believed that requests to the legislature for higher education funding needs should be presented in terms of a statewide system; administrators indicated uncertainty. Both agreed on the increasing importance of long-range planning in formula development, but administrators were unsure whether such planning would help provide stability and realistic expectations in funding. Both groups endorsed a greater role for the board in collecting, interpreting, and disseminating information regarding higher education institutions. Neither subgroup offered an opinion regarding subjection of higher education budget requests to the criteria used for other state agencies. Board members and administrators disagreed as to whether private business standards were appropriate for higher education institutions. The relationship between funding recommended by the board and appropriations passed by the legislature was not considered appropriate for evaluating board success. State appropriations for higher education were seen as an investment in the state's economic future. Administrators did not believe college and university faculties understood the board s role in funding; board members were undecided.

Orientador: José Camilo dos Santos Filho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T04:15:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caldas_TaniaAlencarde_D.pdf: 2880461 bytes, checksum: 9c52070e88b40b9f4b4739e3175bd030 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Este trabalho teve por objetivo comparar as visões curriculares dos egressos dos cursos de Direito de instituições públicas com as visões dos egressos dos cursos de Direito de instituições privadas, aprovados no Exame da Ordem no período de 2000 a 2010. Esta pesquisa pode ser caracterizada como uma pesquisa "survey" de um curso determinado - o de Direito. Assim, seus resultados refletem o atual tempo histórico e revelam a percepção dos egressos a respeito de sua formação e da preparação de futuros profissionais do Direito, em resposta às novas demandas de nossa sociedade. Por meio de questionário online, com questões fechadas e abertas, esta pesquisa buscou levantar a visão de egressos do curso de Direito sobre as três ênfases curriculares da formação - formação geral, formação básica e formação profissionalizante, tanto em relação à formação recebida como em relação à formação desejável. Buscou-se respostas a dois questionamentos básicos: 1- Quanto às questões curriculares, a universidade tem propiciado sólida formação geral, humanística e profissional e o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades indispensáveis ao exercício da Ciência do Direito, da prestação da justiça e do desenvolvimento da cidadania?; 2- Quanto à política educacional brasileira sobre formação jurídica, o curso de graduação em Direito possibilita/ou uma formação profissional que revele as habilidades e competências previstas pelo Conselho Nacional da Educação (CNE)? Para a análise dos resultados, duas abordagens metodológicas foram utilizadas: a quantitativa e a qualitativa. Quando comparados os dois grupos de formados em relação à formação recebida (características positivas/negativas) e a desejada (escala de Likert), os testes estatísticos (significância inferior a 0,05) revelaram os seguintes resultados: (1) Em relação às características positivas, os formados em instituições privadas receberam formação que favoreceu a relação teoria-prática, preparou para o Exame de Ordem, com disciplinas bem distribuídas e estágio supervisionado, enquanto que os de instituições públicas receberam formação humanística, com ênfase na teoria e interpretação dos fenômenos jurídicos, e que proporcionada compreensão das questões sociais além do raciocínio jurídico e desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico; (2) Em relação às características negativas, os egressos de instituições privadas mostraram-se descontentes apenas com a inadequada preparação para o Exame da Ordem e falta de incentivo a estágio, enquanto que os de instituições públicas asseveraram que o currículo era desatualizado, a carga horária excessiva apresentava conteúdos repetidos, não havia integração com outras áreas do conhecimento e os professores apresentavam metodologia deficiente. 3) Quanto à formação básica/fundamental, os egressos de instituições privadas apontaram que o currículo deveria: trabalhar o conteúdo teórico relacionado com a prática; desenvolver a capacidade de comunicação oral e escrita; já os de instituições públicas destacaram o desenvolvimento da criticidade do aluno; (4) Quanto à formação geral, os egressos de instituições privadas assinalaram a prioridade da dimensão ética na formação profissional; enquanto os de instituições públicas valorizaram o desenvolvimento de um saber integrando conhecimento de diferentes áreas; (5) Quanto à formação profissional, enquanto os egressos de instituições privadas assinalaram a importância da aquisição / Abstract: The purpose of this research study was to compare the curricular view of law school alumni of public institutions with the view of law school alumni of private institutions approved in the "Order Exam" in the period from 2000 to 2010. This study can be characterized as a survey research of a specific course - that of Law. Thus, its results reflect the present historical time and reveal the perception of alumni regarding their formation and preparation as future professional of Law, in response to the new demands of our society. Through an online questionnaire, with closed and open questions, this study tried to survey the view of these alumni regarding the three curricular dimensions of their formation - general education, basic education, and profession formation, related to the received formation, as well as to the desired formation. The study focused two basic questions: 1. Regarding the curricular problems, has the university provided solid general, humanistic and professional formation and the development of the competencies and skills required for the performance of Law Science, justice service and citizenship development?; 2. Regarding the Brazilian educational policy for juridical formation, has the undergraduate law course provided a professional formation which reveals the competencies and skills established by the National Education Council (NEC)? For the analysis of the results, two methodological approaches were utilized: the quantitative and the qualitative. When the two groups of alumni were compared in relation to the received and the desired formation, the statistical tests (significance inferior to 0,05), revealed the following main results: (1) In relationship to the positive characteristics of the course, the alumni of private institutions received a formation which favored theory-practice relation, prepared them for the Order Exam, with disciplines well distributed and supervised practicum. On the other hand, the alumni of public institutions received humanistic formation, with emphasis on theory and interpretation of juridical phenomena, and which provided the understanding of social questions, the juridical reasoning and the development of critical thinking; (2) In relation to the negative characteristics of the course, the alumni of private institutions demonstrated discontentment only with the inadequate preparation for the Order Exam and the lack of incentive for the practicum. On the other hand, the alumni of public institutions stated that the curriculum was outdated, the excessive hour credit presented repetitive contents, there was no integration with the other areas of knowledge, and the professors utilized inadequate didactics; (3) Regarding the basic formation, the alumni of private institutions indicated that the curriculum should: articulate the theoretical content with practice; develop the skill of oral and written communication, while the alumni of public institutions emphasized the development of critical thinking; (4) Regarding the general education, the alumni of private institutions signaled the priority of the ethical dimension in the professional formation, while the alumni of public institutions gave value to the development of a knowledge which integrate knowledge of different areas; (5) Regarding the professional formation, while the alumni of private institutions signaled the importance of acquisition of specific knowledge, those of public institutions disagreed with proposition / Doutorado / Ensino e Práticas Culturais / Doutora em Educação

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This thesis is addressing the Student Assistance Policy in the context of reform of public higher education. The study analyzed the changes after the institutionalization of PNAES in IFES, through the operationalization of the UFS student assistance. The survey consisted of bibliographic and documentary, with emphasis on the dimension qualiquantitaiva, exploratory and descriptive, guided by the perspective of dialectical and historical materialism. As a problem to be solved, wondered if the UFS could effect a policy of student assistance as provided in PNAES. Regarding the general objective aimed to verify whether there were changes in the student assistance PROEST after the institutionalization of PNAES in UFS. As data sources were used in institutional documents, being prioritized Management Reporting and Accountability of UFS and CODAE / PROEST the years 2008 to 2012, but others were also analyzed, such as resolutions, laws, tables historical and institutional budgets. The study allowed us to analyze the trends and characteristics of the student assistance after the institutionalization of PNAES in UFS. Realized that the obstacles in effecting a policy of student assistance are directly linked to the priorities defined in the midst of neoliberal policies, in which hegemony is markets, also associating the student assistance to the service logic and not of law. Therefore, the steps taken to seek compliance with pre-set targets by REUNI who will play in PNAES. The survey results show that the policy of student assistance is an important mechanism for ensuring students´ rights. Let obvious difficulties for establishing a policy of assistance in the form of a public policy, as provided in PNAES. In view of this it must be stated that there were no significant changes in welfare policy implemented by PROEST / UFS after deployment PNAES. / A presente dissertação tem como tema a Política de Assistência Estudantil no contexto de reforma da educação superior pública. O estudo analisou as mudanças ocorridas após a institucionalização do PNAES nas IFES, a partir da operacionalização da assistência estudantil da UFS. A pesquisa realizada consistiu de estudo bibliográfico e documental, com ênfase na dimensão qualiquantitaiva, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, norteado pela perspectiva do materialismo histórico e dialético. Como problema a ser desvendado, indagou-se se a UFS conseguiu efetivar uma política de assistência estudantil conforme preceitua o PNAES. No tocante ao objetivo geral buscou verificar se houve mudanças na assistência estudantil da PROEST após a institucionalização do PNAES na UFS. Como fontes de dados, foram utilizados os documentos institucionais, sendo priorizados os Relatórios de Gestão e de Prestação de Contas da UFS e da CODAE/PROEST dos anos de 2008 a 2012, mas também foram analisados outros, tais como resoluções, legislações, históricos institucionais e etc. O estudo permitiu analisar as tendências e características da assistência estudantil após a institucionalização do PNAES na UFS. Percebeu-se que os obstáculos na efetivação de uma política de assistência estudantil estão diretamente vinculados às prioridades definidas no bojo das políticas neoliberais, nas quais a hegemonia é dos mercados, associando também a assistência estudantil à lógica de serviço e não de direito. Portanto, as medidas adotadas buscam o cumprimento de metas pré-estabelecidas pelo REUNI que vão se reproduzir no PNAES. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que a política de assistência estudantil é um mecanismo importante para a garantia de direitos dos alunos. Deixa evidentes as dificuldades de estabelecer uma política de assistência no formato de uma política pública, conforme preceitua o PNAES. Em vista disso, deve-se afirmar que não houve mudanças significativas na política de assistência executada pela PROEST/UFS após a implantação do PNAES.