The events of 9-11 resulted in a slew of policy, procedural, and organizational changes within many government departments as the U.S. government took many steps to enhance security to prevent future terrorist attacks. The emphasis on high threat targets by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and other government agencies, such as the White House, the Capitol and Congressional office buildings, major infrastructure and facilities within US cities, airline travel, ports and economic supply chains has generated a great deal of debate and attention. There are however, targets that are considered low risk situated in high threat areas that also provide open access to the public for which security professionals are responsible that should not be overlooked during the War on Terror. The question is how low risk targets in high threat areas should be protected? What resource distribution makes sense? What practices should be applied to achieve security? The purpose of this research is to look at one of these targets, the Smithsonian Institution and how the Smithsonian Institution's Office of Protection Services (SI OPS) responded to the terror attacks of 9-11 and the ongoing threat. Four factors will be examined: (1) the screening process, (2) the budget, (3) the security policy formulation process, and (4) training. The study focus is based on data derived from semi-structured interviews and a review of SI documents. Examining post 9-11 security changes allows one to see how SI OPS has evolved in its attempt to meet both internal security demands and expectations against an external security concern. The findings reveal SI OPS initially underwent significant changes within the four factors in the three years following the attacks of 9-11. However, limited resources and manpower strains have played major roles in the subsequent decline in some of the factors after their initial increases. Although a return to the security levels immediately following 9-11 may not be imminent, it is recommended that OPS management make stronger efforts to communicate with non-security managers and return to more stringent visitor screening procedures. / Ph. D.

Right to information of corporations The master thesis is focused on corporations as liable subjects to the right to information. The thesis also deals with a conflict of constitutional laws during the proces of requesting the information from corporations. There is a dynamic development of constitutional right to information from year 2000 on in the Czech Republic. A brief Right to Information Act and not so many amendments made it possible to complete the information law by using extensive judicature. The amount of case law in that field of law is unusual in continental law system. However, the judicature of a few last months indicates that extensive interpretation of the right to information already reached its height and further extension of information law stopped for some time. In some cases we witness even the limitation of information rights. Nevertheless the right to information of corporations is still a very turbulent field of law with its unresolved constitutional conflict. Many kinds of informations still stay behind the curtain, out of a public surveillance. Thus the main premise of this thesis is a dominance of the right to information over other constitutional rights in cases of corporations owned solely by public authorities whether directly or through other public or private...

This study benchmarks 4-year public institutions in the Southern Regional Education Board to determine if there are significant differences between the institutions based on efficiency and effectiveness scores within the types of governance structures in operation among the states. Efficiency and effectiveness scores are also used to determine if there are significant differences between institutions based on state appropriation levels. In this quantitative study, data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to collapse selected institutional data reported to IPEDS into effectiveness and efficiency scores which were then used as the dependent variables. The variable returns to scale (VRS) model was used with an input orientation to measure efficiency, while the output orientation was used to measure effectiveness. Multivariate analyses and Pearson correlations were then performed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS). There are no significant differences in institutional efficiency and effectiveness scores compared by coordinating agency, governing board, or other state governance structural arrangement types. The relationship between efficiency and effectiveness scores is strongest for those institutions governed by other structural arrangements. Institutions in lower levels of state appropriations tended to score significantly higher in efficiency than their counterparts in the mid-range and highest levels of state appropriations. The accountability for institutional efficiency and effectiveness seems to rest primarily within the institutions governed. The significance of the study applies to state legislatures, state governance structures, and the leadership of public institutions who want to improve institutional performance through identifying optimal levels of inputs and outputs related to the efficiency and effectiveness metrics presented in this study.

Today, the strength of the National Rifle Association (NRA) is understood by the general public and many scholars to be dependent on the Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, the right of individuals to own firearms. This dissertation challenges that understanding by focusing on three organizations, the NRA, the National Guard and the National Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice (NBPRP). While each organization appears in today's world to be distinct and independent, this dissertation reveals how they garnered strength from a symbiotic relationship. The NRA was founded in 1871, originally as a marksmanship organization. The National Guard, which grew from the nation's militia, was formally established in the early twentieth century. The NBPRP was a small organization that was established in 1903 within the War Department at the encouragement of the NRA. Following passage in 1903 of legislation bringing state militia units under federal control, the newly formed National Guard became dependent on the NRA, which in turn leveraged that dependence to create a nationwide grassroots organization. The NBPRP was headed by the Assistant Secretary of War until 1916 when the position of the Director of Civilian Marksmanship was created, to be held by a U.S. Army or U.S. Marine Corps officer. The NRA acted as the surrogate of the NBPRB outside of the halls of government. At the same time, the NBRPB provided the NRA with a voice within those same halls that aided in the development of federal policy and budget positions related to firearms acquisition, competition, and training. The purpose of this dissertation is to reveal how the NRA was able to employ these two organizations to develop an exceptionally powerful grassroots organization that today is recognized as one of the most powerful special interest groups in America. Understanding how this powerful organization grew offers one perspective of how the bureaucracy that has been developed to support America's federal system of government is uniquely susceptible to special interest influence.

Originally presented as the author's Thesis (doctoral)--Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [278]-303) and index.

Raktiniai žodžiai: veiklos auditas, sporto mokymo įstaigos, sporto sistema, viešosios institucijos. Darbo objektas: SMĮ veiklos auditas. Darbo tikslas: ištirti SMĮ veiklos audito patirtį, siekiant įvertinti jų atitikimą viešųjų institucijų funkcijoms. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Apibrėžti veiklos audito sampratą, atskleidžiant jos kompleksiškumą ir identifikuoti turinį. 2. Identifikuoti veiklos audito etapus ir atskleisti kriterijų ypatumus viešųjų institucijų vertinimo kontekste. 3. Pristatyti Lietuvos sporto sistemos valdymą ir atskleisti SMĮ kaip viešųjų paslaugų tiekėją. 4. Atlikti SMĮ uždavinių atitikties veiklos rezultatams vertinimą. SMĮ yra sporto sistemos dalis. Tai valstybinės įstaigos, teikiančios viešąsias paslaugas ir yra atsakingos už kuo didesnį fizinio aktyvumo skatinimą bei saugaus, sveiko ir produktyvaus gyvenimo stiliaus poreikio formavimą ir plėtojimą. Šių įstaigų veiklos auditas prisideda prie atskaitingumo ir skaidrumo, kaip fundamentalių kiekvienos valstybės demokratinių vertybių, būtinų užtikrinant teisingą viešųjų lėšų valdymą piliečių ir mokesčių mokėtojų vardu. Darbe, taikant turinio analizės metodą, analizuojamos Kauno ir Vilniaus miestų 2006 m. ir 2010 m., iš viso 6 SMĮ, veiklos audito ataskaitos. Tyrimas atliktas metaanalizės pagrindu, t. y. vadovaujantis jau užbaigtų tyrimų analize bei jau atliktų įvertinimų įvertinimais. Siekiant gauti kuo išsamesnę informaciją veiklos audito vertinimui, duomenų rinkimo metodu buvo pasirinktas ir pusiau... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Keywords: performance audit, sport education organizations, sport system, public institutions. The object of the research: sport education organizations performance audit. The aim of the research: to investigate sport management organizations experience, aiming to evaluate their compliance with public institutions functions. Work tasks: 1. To determine the definition of performance audit by dislosing it‘s complexity and to identify it‘s content. 2. To identify stages of performance audit and to disclosure the peculiarities of criteria in the evaluation of public institutions. 3. To present the management of Lithuanian sport system and to disclosure sport education organization as public services provider. 4. To evaluate sport education institutions tasks compliance with activity results. Sport education institution is a part of sport system. That is state institutions, providing public services and are responsible for the promotion of physical activity, safe, healthy and productive life style formation and development. The activity audit of these institutions contributes to the accountability and transparency as to fundamental democratic values of each state, what is necessary to ensure the correct management of public money of citizens and taxpayers behalf. In this work, using method of content analysis, Kaunas and Vilnius cities sport education organizations activity audit reports of the year 2006 and of the year 2010 are analyzed, total 6 reports. Research was carrried... [to full text]

This research is a study of the relationship of the organizational characteristic of technology to rate of change in a human services organization. The first operation, directed to the technology construct, collected data and analyzed statistical differences on each of the separate indices of task difficulty and task variability and on the combined indices of the two dimensions. A second operation, directed to the rate of change construct, collected data and ranked the five social services programs. This research indicates that multiple technologies do exist among programs within the corporate structure of a single human services organization, and that programs differ in the rate at which rule changes occur. This research, however, indicates that technology is not related to change. The definition of change used in this study considered only one form of organizational adaptation: rate of change in program policies and procedures. Technology, however, may be related to other measures of change such as new programs, reorganizations, and staff increases.

Provided the 1970s, the Lower San Francisco is home to large Sergipe state interventions, in addition, the territory is influenced by the river São Francisco, both in cultural and economic. However, the territory has social indicators such as income, education, employment, health and housing, critics. From an economic standpoint, the low scale of production through lower land infrastructure, technological and commercial, is also an aggravating factor. Accordingly, this dissertation aims to analyze the indicators of economic underdevelopment in the Lower São Francisco Sergipe, and analyze what the deficiencies found in the main agricultural activities in the region. For this, the theoretical framework used in the research addresses the concept of the theory of economic development after World War II, identifying the main issues in underdeveloped countries and the major changes in rural development and the importance of institutions in the process of local economic development. However, the work is composed of two stages where the first is a lift of secondary data from IBGE information, RAIS/MTE, CODEVASF SEPLAN subsequently makes the elaboration of a questionnaire with open questions, with a more empirical approach to interviewing local representatives as chairmen of rural cooperatives and unions, and employees of public institutions that directly contribute to local development, confirming the need for interaction between them in the light of knowledge about the key challenges facing the region. / Desde a década de 1970, o Baixo São Francisco Sergipano é palco de grandes intervenções estatais, além disso, o território é influenciado pelo rio São Francisco, tanto nos aspectos culturais quanto nos econômicos. Mesmo assim apresenta um dos piores indicadores socioeconômicos, como renda, educação, emprego, saúde, habitação entre outros. Do ponto de vista econômico, a baixa escala de produção resultado da falta de uma boa infraestrutura fundiária, tecnológica e comercial, são agravantes, também, na região. Nesse sentido, essa dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar os indicadores de subdesenvolvimento econômico no Baixo São Francisco Sergipano, além de analisar quais as deficiências encontradas nas principais atividades agrícolas na região. Para isso, o referencial teórico utilizado na pesquisa aborda o conceito da teoria do desenvolvimento econômico, após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, identificando as principais questões do subdesenvolvimento dos países e as principais mudanças no desenvolvimento rural, além de fazer uma abordagem do ambiente institucional importante para o desenvolvimento econômico local. Contudo, o trabalho está composto por duas etapas onde a primeira faz um levantamos de dados secundários a partir de informações do IBGE, RAIS/MTE, CODEVASF, SEPLAN; e, posteriormente faz a elaboração de um questionário com questões abertas, entrevistando os representantes locais como presidentes de cooperativas, sindicados rurais, além de funcionários de instituições públicas, confirmando a necessidade da interação entre eles, à luz do conhecimento sobre os principais desafios enfrentados na região.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T14:44:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Discurso e atuacao das instituicoes publicas.pdf: 1218055 bytes, checksum: 6be1576be73f0579a0f2c1e2e4863908 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-13 / The research developed at the Graduate Program Stricto Sense in Geography, Federal University of Goiás / GO-Campus Catalão, is an analogy in three public institutions of Catalão: City Hall, prosecutors and UFG and their roles in environmental issues City of Catalão-GO. The research aims to analyze these three institutions from the context of industrial expansion and economic growth that occurred in the last twenty years in the Catalão city, with emphasis on environmental issues inherent in this process. The clash generated by industrial expansion, dictated by the capitalist mode of production, by appropriating the territory, threatening and trampling values, cultures and identity of the population of the place. Obviously this problem extends to the Catalão population living the great dilemma of accepting the new without losing its identity. With the expansion of multinationals and the decentralization of industrialization from the 1980s, Catalão was greatly affected by this expansion, transforming your entire county. In a second stage in the 1990s, the city undergoes significant changes in the field of supply of services, mainly in health, legal and education. These sectors had to act and refer to the terms of techno-scientific and legal questions and to answer questions that arise as a result of the dynamics of city growth, thus characterizing a debate between the discourses perceived by society. The academic discourse, which in addition to a presentation of technical and scientific facts, casually comes accompanied by an environmental discourse of strong political and ideological appeal. The municipal government, on the other hand, prepares a speech with a strong progressive argument, in which economic development / industrial conservation overlaps the models suggested by the existing norms. The prosecutor, in turn, will prepare a set speech mediating these conflicts, indicative of a supposed neutrality since it is based on legal,arguments. The methodology applied, a predominantly qualitative research study and how to support this discussion, will be supported by a theoretical and institutional information. Parallel to this theoretical support, we carried out a fieldwork directed public institutions placed as the object of research. This phase uses as a methodological procedure a research study both qualitative and quantitative. Interviews were conducted structured and semi-structured, directed at characters who have played an important role in the unfolding of issues related to environmental issues in Catalan. And then these interviews and these data will be: organized, checked and analyzed so that they can support or demystify certain assumptions about the industrial growth / economic development in the municipality and that have been raised by the,research project. An analysis of each segment will give us many opportunities to read the problem. Thus, you can check the legality and consistency of each argument. To investigate the role of these institutions is important because it is through the understanding of their role will be possible to realize that political logic, legal and scientific this process of growth of the city of Catalão happens. And so, develop actions to mitigate the impacts that will be caused The deepening the discussion on the role of institutions in these conflicts makes it essential, in that the process of aggression in a wide region in the industrialization process becomes so fast that sometimes there is no time for a technical and systematic survey of the phenomenon of aggression. Given this, the debates function as engine pressure for institutional actions are taken to occur even before the real inpact. / A pesquisa desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Senso em Geografia pela Universidade Federal de Goiás/Campus Catalão-GO, constitui-se em uma analogia de três instituições públicas de Catalão: Prefeitura, Ministério Público e UFG e o seus papeis nas questões ambientais do Município de Catalão-GO. A pesquisa se propõe a analisar estas três instituições a partir do contexto de expansão industrial e do crescimento econômico, ocorrido nos últimos vinte anos na cidade de Catalão, com ênfase nas questões ambientais intrínsecas deste processo. O embate gerado pela expansão industrial, ditada pelo modo de produção capitalista, ao se apropriar do território, ameaça e atropela valores, culturas e a identidade da população do lugar. Obviamente este problema se estende para a população catalana que vive o grande dilema de aceitar o novo sem perder sua identidade. Com a expansão das multinacionais e a descentralização da industrialização brasileira a partir da década de 1980, Catalão foi atingido imensamente por esta expansão, transformando todo seu município. Em um segundo momento na década de 1990, a cidade passa por importantes mudanças no campo de oferta de serviços, principalmente no setor de saúde, jurídico e da educação. Estes setores passaram a atuar e fundamentar-se com termos técno-científicos e jurídicos, para responder às duvidas e questionamento que surgem em conseqüência da dinâmica do crescimento da cidade, caracterizando assim, um debate entre os discursos percebidos pela sociedade. O discurso acadêmico, que além de uma apresentação de fatos técnico-científicos, vem casualmente acompanhado de um discurso ambientalista de forte apelo político e ideológico. O poder público municipal, por outro lado, elabora um discurso com forte argumento progressista, no qual o desenvolvimento econômico/industrial sobrepõe aos modelos conservacionistas sugeridos pelas normatizações vigentes. O Ministério Público, por sua vez, elabora um discurso mediador desses conflitos estabelecidos, indicativo de uma suposta neutralidade uma vez que tem como base os argumentos legais. O estudo utilizou como metodologia, uma pesquisa de caráter predominantemente qualitativo e como suporte a esta discussão, será sustentado por uma base teórica e informações institucionais. Paralelo a este suporte teórico, foi realizado um trabalho de campo direcionado as instituições públicas postas como objeto da pesquisa. Esta fase utiliza como procedimento metodológico uma pesquisa de caráter tanto qualitativa quanto quantitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas estruturadas e semi-estruturadas, direcionadas a personagens que tenham tido um papel relevante nos desdobramentos de assuntos ligados a questão ambiental em Catalão. E em seguida, estas entrevistas e estes dados serão: organizados, cruzados e analisados de forma que possam respaldar ou desmitificar algumas hipóteses acerca do crescimento industrial/econômico no município e que foram levantadas pelo projeto da pesquisa. Uma análise de cada seguimento nos dará inúmeras possibilidades de leitura do problema. Assim, será possível conferir a legalidade e coerência de cada argumentação. Investigar o papel destas instituições é importante, pois é através do entendimento do papel delas que será possível perceber em que lógica política, jurídica e cientifica este processo de crescimento da cidade de Catalão acontece. E assim, desenvolver ações para amenizar os impactos que serão provocados com a expansão do processo de industrialização de Catalão. O aprofundamento na discussão sobre o papel das instituições nestes embates torna se fundamental, na medida em que, o processo de agressão em uma região em amplo processo de industrialização se torna tão rápido que às vezes não há tempo de um levantamento técnico e sistemático do fenômeno de agressão. Diante disto, os debates funcionam como mecanismo de pressão para que ações institucionais sejam tomadas antes mesmo que ocorra o real impacto.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-23T14:50:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 juliocesarmeirelesdefreitas.pdf: 1154133 bytes, checksum: 31aadffce9478461c4bb1ad8d402d474 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-02T11:37:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 juliocesarmeirelesdefreitas.pdf: 1154133 bytes, checksum: 31aadffce9478461c4bb1ad8d402d474 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-02T11:37:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 juliocesarmeirelesdefreitas.pdf: 1154133 bytes, checksum: 31aadffce9478461c4bb1ad8d402d474 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-17 / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar o processo de implantação da certificação na Norma ABNT NBR ISO 9001:2008 e suas consequências para a Coordenadoria Distrital de Educação 07 – CDE7 do município de Manaus, no Estado do Amazonas. Para isso, realizou-se uma descrição do processo de implantação da Norma por meio de documentos como leis, resoluções e o manual da qualidade da CDE7. Em se tratando do referencial teórico, foram utilizadas as obras de Carpinetti (2012) e Porto (2014), que trouxeram contribuições para a compreensão dos conceitos sobre a gestão da qualidade e suas relações com esta pesquisa. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se questionário e entrevista semiestruturada, efetuando-se uma análise qualitativa. A partir da análise dos resultados da pesquisa, foi construído um plano de ação como sugestão de melhoria para a implantação da Norma estudada em outras Coordenadorias da Secretaria de Educação e Qualidade do Ensino do Amazonas – SEDUC/AM. A pesquisa mostrou que a melhoria na organização interna, nos serviços prestados à comunidade, no direcionamento das ações e na utilização de instrumentos padronizados são algumas das primeiras consequências positivas obtidas com o processo de implantação na CDE7. Observou-se também que a Coordenadoria estudada continua buscando superar o desafio de concluir seu processo de implantação por meio da implementação dos processos definidos em seu manual da qualidade para submeter-se à auditoria externa e, consequentemente, obter o selo de certificação. Com base nesses resultados, conclui-se que, a ampliação dessa política de certificação na Norma ABNT NBR ISO 9001:2008 em outras Coordenadorias, pode contribuir como uma das ferramentas para a melhoria dos processos desenvolvidos e a qualidade na gestão. / This work aims to analyze the certification implementation process in ABNT NBR ISO 9001: 2008 Standard and its consequences for the Education District Coordination 07 - CDE7, belonging to the city of Manaus, state of Amazon. For this, it was necessary to carry out a description of the standard deployment process through documents such as laws, resolutions and the CDE7’s quality manual. Concerning the theoretical framework, works of Carpinetti (2012) and Porto (2014) were used, which brought contributions to the understanding of the concepts of quality management and its relationship with this research. For data collection it was used questionnaire and semi-structured interview, doing a qualitative analysis. From the analysis of the survey results, it was built an action plan to as improvements suggestion, for the implementation of rules studied in other Coordination of the Department of Education and Quality of Teaching in Amazon- SEDUC / AM. Such Research has shown that improving the internal organization in service to the community in the direction of the actions and the use of standardized instruments, are some of the first positive effects obtained with the implementation process in CDE7. It was also noted that the Coordination which was studied keeps on trying to overcome the challenge of completing its implementation process through the implementation of the procedures defined in its quality manual to submit to external auditing and, consequently, to obtain the certification seal. Based on these results, it is concluded that, the expansion of this certification policy in ISO 9001: 2008 Standard in other Coordination, can contribute as a tool to improve processes developed and the management quality.