Background: Strength is considered an important part in swimming and is usually included in training programs for swimmers. However, studies assessing the relationship between muscle strength, muscle endurance and swim performance are not many and have showed different results. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between bench press, pull-up and 400 meter freestyle swim performance in elite swimmers. Method: The subjects (n=15, age 16-20) performed a one repetition maximum (1RM) bench press test to measure maximal muscle strength and to measure muscle endurance the subjects performed as many pull-up repetitions as possible during 30 seconds. A velocity four (V4) speed test was performed to assess swim performance by measuring time over covered distance and blood lactate levels. Results: The results of this study showed a moderate correlation (r=-0.54) between one repetition maximum in bench press and 400 meter freestyle swim performance. It showed a strong correlation (r=-0.63) between number of pull-ups repetitions during 30 seconds and 400 meter freestyle swim performance. Conclusion: These results suggest that upper body strength contributes to swim performance over 400 meter. The stronger correlation between pull-ups and swimming may indicate that muscle endurance of m. latissimus dorsi and the back muscles may be important to incorporate in a training program since it has shown to have a strong correlation with swim performance at 400 meters. / Bakgrund: Styrka anses vara en viktig del i simning och är ofta inkluderat i träningsprogram för simmare. Dock har endast ett mindre antal studier undersökt relationen mellan muskelstyrka, muskel uthållighet och simprestation och de som har gjort det visar olika resultat. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att utvärdera korrelationen mellan bänkpress, pull-ups och 400m simprestation hos elitsimmare. Metod: Deltagarna (n=15, ålder 16-20) utförde ett en repetition maximum (1RM) i bänkpress för att mäta maximal muskel styrka och för att mäta muskeluthållighet utförde deltagarna så många pull-ups repetitioner som möjligt under 30 sekunder. Ett velocity four (V4) hastighets test utfördes för att utvärdera simprestation genom att mäta tid över simmad distans och blod laktat värden. Resultat: Resultatet i denna studie visade på en moderat korrelation (r=-0,54) mellan en repetition maximum i bänkpress och 400 meter fristil simprestation. Den visade på en stark korrelation (r=-0,63) mellan antalet pull-ups repetitioner under 30 sekunder och 400 meter fristil simprestation. Konklusion: Dessa resultat tyder på att överkroppsstyrka bidrar till simprestation över 400 meter. Den starkare korrelationen mellan pull-ups och simning kan indikera att muskeluthållighet hos m. latisimus dorsi och ryggmusklerna kan vara viktigt att lägga in i ett träningsprogram då det visat på en stark korrelation till simprestation på distansen 400 meter.

Titel: The evaluation of different test protocol of pull up exercise as a maximum strenth test in Czech Republic soldiers Goals: The aim of this study is to compare different methodological ways during pull up exercise as a test of uper externities and back maximum strenght. And to assesed which load to use in case of test reason. Ant find out, what influence has the soldiers equipment on strenght test. Method: The study is based on an experiment consisting in the performance of different testing protocols, the same group of probands and subsequent comparison probands ordinal position in selected test methodologies. Selected tests, the maximum number of pull-ups with their own weight, the maximum number of pull-ups with essential military equipment (15 kg), the maximum number of pull-ups with 40% of your own body weight, the maximum load lifted in pull up excercise and the absolute pull up, which was calculated on the maximum load lifted . Use was basic statistics and serial correlation by Kendall correlation coefficient. Results: Test with military equipment (load weighing 15 kg) correlated with the test pull up with its own body weight value τr = 0.83 for statistical significance level α = 0.05. Test the pull up with 40% correlated with test pull up with their own body weight value τr = 0.72, for...

Background Handgrip strength claims to reflect general strength and correlates with tests of strength, particularly to the lower extremity. Few studies examine correlations between Jamar and the upper body and mainly focus on populations with lower strength. Climbers were assumed to have higher levels of strength. Purpose The purpose was to investigate grip strength, 1RM pull-up and 1RM leg extension in climbers in Uppsala and examine the relationship between grip strength and the 1RM tests to further evaluate grip strength as a measure of general strength. Method The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study testing 25 climbers. Jamar, 3-5RM pull-up and 3-5RM leg extension are done in succession with protocols for standardisation and 1RM is calculated based on Epley's formula. The descriptive measurements are then analyzed and put in correlation.  Results The relationship between 1RM pull-up and grip strength was moderately strong and statistically significant, r = 0.597 (p = 0.002). The relationship between 1RM leg extension and grip strength was moderately strong and statistically significant r = 0.446 (p = 0.026). Conclusion Handgrip strength measured with Jamar in climbers doesn’t deviate from the general population. A moderately strong relationship was found between Jamar and the 1RM tests. Further studies should put Jamar in relation to different tests of muscle strength in populations with varying levels of strength to evaluate Jamar as a measure of general muscle strength. Protocols for standardization of Jamar needs to be further developed. / Bakgrund Handgreppsstyrka hävdas kunna avspegla generell muskelstyrka och har visats korrelera med olika test av maximal styrka, i synnerhet i nedre extremitet. Få studier undersöker samband till den övre extremiteten och fokuserar uteslutande på populationer med låg muskelstyrka. Klättrare antogs initialt ha högre muskelstyrka i samtliga test. Syfte Syftet med denna studie var att hos klättrare i Uppsala undersöka greppstyrkan respektive 1RM pull-ups och 1RM benspark samt att studera respektive samband mellan greppstyrka och 1RM-testen för vidare undersöka handgreppsstyrka mätt med Jamar som ett mått på generell muskelstyrka.  Metod Studien är en deskriptiv tvärsnittsstudie som testar 25 klättrare. Jamar, 3-5RM i pull-up samt 3-5RM i benspark testas i succession utifrån standardiseringsprotokoll och 1RM, den maximala vikt som en repetition kan utföras med beräknas sedan utifrån Epleys formel. De olika deskriptiva måtten analyseras samt ställs i korrelation till varandra.  Resultat Sambandet mellan 1RM-pull-up och maximal handgreppsstyrka mätt med Jamar var måttligt starkt och statistiskt signifikant, r=0.597 (p=0.002). Sambandet mellan 1RM benspark och maximal handgreppsstyrka mätt med Jamar var måttligt starkt och statistiskt signifikant r=0.446 (p=0.026). Slutsats Handgreppsstyrka mätt med Jamar hos klättrare avviker inte från den generella populationen. Handgreppstyrkan hade ett måttligt stark samband till både 1RM benspark och 1RM pull-up. Vidare studier krävs som ställer Jamar i relation till olika muskeltester och styrkenivåer för vidare utvärdera mätresultat från Jamar som ett mått på generell muskelstyrka. Standardiseringsprotokoll för Jamar behöver vidareutvecklas.

Tittle: Description quadrupedal locomotion diagonal pattern in specific sport activity (rope climbing, walking, pull-up) Aim of work: The aim is to find a description kvadrupedal locomotion diagonal pattern with rope climbing and its motion pattern compared with the motion pattern of walking and pull-up. Methods: This work is descriptively-association study with quantitative and qualitative analysis. The dates were measured by surface electromyography and 2-D video-analysis. Results: Alternating activation of upper extremities (rope climbing without the lower extremities), we proved that the movement supporting lower extremities is quadruped locomotion diagonal pattern. Symmetric work of upper extremities (pull-up) is not in response at lower extremities quadruped locomotion diagonal pattern. Key words: Electromyography (EMG), quadruped, diagonal pattern, rope climbing, pull-up, walking

Tittle: Description quadrupedal locomotion diagonal pattern in specific sport activity (rope climbing, walking, pull-up) Aim of work: The aim is to find a description kvadrupedal locomotion diagonal pattern with rope climbing and its motion pattern compared with the motion pattern of walking and pull-up. Methods: This work is descriptively-association study with quantitative and qualitative analysis. The dates were measured by surface electromyography and 2-D video-analysis. Results: Alternating activation of upper extremities (rope climbing without the lower extremities), we proved that the movement supporting lower extremities is quadruped locomotion diagonal pattern. Symmetric work of upper extremities (pull-up) is not in response at lower extremities quadruped locomotion diagonal pattern. Key words: Electromyography (EMG), quadruped, diagonal pattern, rope climbing, pull-up, walking

This thesis deals with the design and implementation of a device for measuring pull strength by surface mounted devices (SMD). It analyzes the theory of pull strength testing of solder joints with emphasis on standard IEC 62137-1-3 and describes the selection of components utilized to create mechanical construction and electrical parts. These electronic parts made or innovated in this work were control system based on microcontroler Atmega164P, power circuit for stepper motor and communication of measure equipment TEST 321 with PC. The whole design is complemented by simulation of mechanical stress to the critical components using ANSYS. The conclusion summarizes the most important parameters of this equipment.

Author: Bc. Veronika Szabóová Title: Comparative analysis of selected muscles activity during ropeclimbing, pull-up and its modifications. Objectives: The aim of the theoretical part of this thesis is to make a search of the available studies in the field of ropeclimbing and its training methods. The aim of this study is to evaluate the coordination of the selected muscles in terms of its timing during three specific training exercises compared to legless ropeclimbing. Methods: The theoretical part of the thesis was elaborated on the basis of information from printed and electronic sources in the Czech and English language in the form of a research. In the practical part of the thesis the activity of ten selected muscles during ropeclimbing, pull-up and its modifications was monitored. The main research method was the surface electromyography. The representative sample of 11 participants examined in the study was properly chosen from active competitors in ropeclimbing. The study evaluates the order of muscle activation compared to the legless ropeclimbing as the reference movement. The treshold method was used for detection of the muscle activity. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between the variables and for statistical testing. Results: In terms of timing...

Title: Monitoring of influence of individual segments of a teaching unit of physical education on fitness of girls from seventh grade of elementary school. Aim: The aim of the empirical part is to monitor the proportional representation of the motoric activities during the time given in the lessons of physical education of the seventh grade girls, and along with the chosen methods of testing of these individuals, to prove or disprove possible influence of the composition of the P.E. lessons on the chosen segments of their fitness. Methods: Various methods were used for testing the considered sample. These were the standardized motoric tests (intense forward bend when sitting, place-jump with legs together, endurance in a pull-up, hand grip) which investigate the chosen segments of the fitness. Another method used was the bioimpedance which measures the parameters of body composition. The data were recollected quantitatively and the results were also processed quantitatively by means of statistic parameters, such as arithmetic mean, variation span and determinative deviation. Results: From the results of the work emerged that as far as the chosen motoric activities and their influence on the chosen segments of the fitness are concerned, during the time given only the segment of flexibility in...