Purpose: The relationship between racial disparities and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of lung cancer patients is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to quantify the overall HRQoL of lung cancer patients and compare differences in HRQoL among racial groups in the United States. Methods: We analyzed data from the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System (BRFSS), a population-based national cross-sectional study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The BRFSS is conducted annually in all 50 states and collects information on demographics, health behaviors, health-related experiences, health conditions, use of medications, and use of preventive services. Three HRQoL scores (unhealthy days per month, frequent mental distress, fair/poor health) were generated using the four Healthy Days Measures questions that have been validated as HRQoL measures by previous research. Results: We found that the HRQoL measures of the Non-Hispanic Black group were not statistically different from those of the Non-Hispanic White group for any of the three measures examined. However, the Hispanic group (OR = 3.14, 95%CI=1.40 – 7.02) and Other races (OR = 1.85, 95%CI=1.04-3.27) had significantly higher odds of frequent mental distress when compared to the Non-Hispanic White group. Conclusions: Quality of life among lung cancer patients is a heavily under-researched area of the cancer survivorship experience. Rarer, is data examining specifically how racial disparities affect the quality of life of lung cancer survivors. More research is needed to examine this important topic to create a foundation for more beneficial lung cancer interventions in the future.

Bakgrund: Hälsorelaterad livskvalitet är av stor betydelse för välbefinnandet hos den åldrande befolkningen, och styrketräning kan vara en potentiell metod att förbättra den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten hos äldre individer. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt är att sammanställa effekterna av regelbunden styrketräning på hälsorelaterad livskvalitet hos personer över 60 år. Metod: En systematisk litteraturöversikt genomfördes i den medicinska databasen PubMed, innehållande randomiserade kontrollerade studier publicerade på engelska under de senaste 10 åren. Studierna inkluderade äldre individer (minst 60 år) och jämförde styrketräning med en kontrollgrupp utan intervention. Studiernas enskilda kvalitet granskades med TESTEX och studiernas sammanlagda evidens bedömdes med GRADEstud. Resultat: Åtta studier med ett totalt deltagarantal på 542 inkluderades. Kvaliteten på studierna varierade från 7-14 av 15 poäng på TESTEX-skalan varav 12 poäng ansågs visa på hög tillförlitlighet. Endast 4 av studierna ansågs vara av hög tillförlitlighet och inkluderades i det sammanlagda resultatet. Evidensstyrkan av de sammanlagda studierna blev i sin tur låg ++, då det förekom bristande samstämmighet och precision i studierna. Tre av 4 studier som inkluderades i det sammanlagda resultatet visade på en positiv effekt av styrketräning på hälsorelaterad livskvalitet, den fjärde studien visade inte några statistiskt signifikanta mellangruppsskillnader. Slutsats: Regelbunden styrketräning kan ha en positiv effekt på hälsorelaterad livskvalitet hos äldre individer, men mer forskning krävs för att dra definitiva slutsatser. Ytterligare högkvalitativa randomiserade studier behövs för att stärka evidensen och fastställa rekommendationer för styrketräning hos äldre. / Background: Health-related quality of life is essential for the well-being of the agingpopulation, and resistance training is a potential approach to enhance the health-relatedquality of life in older individuals. Aim: This literature review aims to summarize the effects of resistance training onhealth-related quality of life in individuals aged 60 and above. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted in the medical database PubMed,including randomized controlled trials published in English within the past 10 years. Theincluded studies involved older individuals (at least 60 years) and compared resistancetraining to a non intervention control group. The quality of the individual studies wereexamined using TESTEX and the evidence of the combined studies results was determinedusing GRADEstud. Results: Eight studies were included with a total of 542 participants. The quality of theindividual studies varied from 7-14 out of 15 points on the TESTEX-scale wherein 12 pointswas considered to show high reliability.Only four of them were considered to be of high quality and were included in the summarizedresult. The combined evidence was deemed as low ++, due to the studies lack of consensusand precision. Three out of four studies included in the summarization found a positive effectof resistance training on health-related quality of life, while the fourth one did not show anystatistically significant differences. Conclusion: Consistent resistance training may have a positive effect on health-relatedquality of life in older individuals, but more research is needed to draw definitiveconclusions. Additional high-quality randomized trials are needed to strengthen the evidenceand establish recommendations for resistance training in the elderly.

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Health-related quality of life (HRQL) has become an important outcome in asthma, since traditional outcomes, such as respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function, might not entirely express the patient’s perception of the limitations caused by the disease. The aim of this thesis was to study HRQL in asthma and to analyse if HRQL was related to asthma onset and prognosis. Other aims were to identify determinants of low HRQL in clinically-verified asthmatics, and to study whether low HRQL was a predictor of mortality. In 1990, a self-administered questionnaire was completed by 12,560 individuals from three age groups (16, 30-39, and 60-69 years) in two counties of Sweden. In a second phase, all subjects who reported a history of obstructive respiratory symptoms (n = 1,851) and 600 randomly-selected controls were invited to a clinical investigation including spirometry, allergy testing, and assessment of HRQL with the Gothenburg Quality of Life instrument. In 2003, the eligible subjects in the cohort (n=11,282) were sent a new questionnaire. Mortality data in the cohort was followed up during 1990–2008 using data from the National Board of Health and Welfare Mortality Database. The 616 subjects with clinically-verified asthma 1990 had significantly lower HRQL than subjects without asthma. In the 2003 follow-up, the 305 subjects with persistent asthma had a lower HRQL than the 155 subjects who showed improvement in asthma during the follow-up. Subjects who had developed asthma by the follow-up had a significantly lower HRQL at baseline than those who did not develop asthma. Significant determinants of quality of life in asthma were female sex, smoking habits, higher airway responsiveness to irritants, respiratory symptom severity, positive skin prick test, and absenteeism from work or school. Low HRQL was related to increased mortality, but this association was not found when analyzing the asthmatic group alone. In conclusion, measurements of HRQL are of value for evaluating both the impact and progression of asthma.

The diploma thesis deals with the topic of quality of life in people with mental, respectively psychotic, diseases. It is a serious illness that affects all the personality and has a great impact on the quality of life. In the theoretical part is defined the concept of quality of life, its history, different angles of view and methods of measurement. Then you can find a detailed description of psychotic disease and life with it, and it is also more closely devoted to the quality of life of people with mental illness and its measurement. In the empirical part quantitative research is presented, whose aim is to determine which areas of life perceive people with psychotic illness as inferior to those without mental illness. Another aim is to find out whether social workers who work with people with psychotic illness at social housing shelter perceive the quality of life of these patientsin a different way than the patients themselves. The results obtained with the SQUALA subjective quality questionnaire show that these patients feel a lower quality of life in the area of health and close relationships than the general population. Furthermore, the results show that social workers are well aware of the quality of life of their clients with a psychotic illness, where they differ only in the area of...

Orientador: Gustavo Luis Gutierrez / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T20:12:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vaz_Luciana_M.pdf: 3317450 bytes, checksum: d9c9069b05003f8b2a29abbeab3f248b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Qualidade de vida (QV) pode ser entendida como um somatório das dimensões física, emocional, social, profissional, intelectual e espiritual; que ao mesmo tempo em que estão conectadas se sobrepõem. Neste sentido, este estudo foi voltado para a esfera profissional da atuação do indivíduo, mas com um olhar sobre os programas de QV na empresa que podem influenciar diretamente esta dimensão. Os programas de QV desenvolvidos nas empresas apresentam práticas diferentes, entretanto, todos têm o mesmo objetivo: promover qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores, aumentar a produtividade e a lucratividade com a menor despesa possível. Neste contexto, a partir de um levantamento bibliográfico esta pesquisa teve a intenção de identificar e selecionar intervenções desenvolvidas nos programas de QV relacionados aos aspectos: atividade física, promoção da saúde, responsabilidade social, fadiga institucional, sofrimento organizacional e assédio moral. Num primeiro momento, tencionavase apresentar e discutir estas intervenções. Num segundo momento, objetivou-se (a) levantar quais as intervenções em QV têm sido desenvolvidas pelas empresas, (b) investigar se os gestores dos programas de QV consideravam importantes as intervenções selecionadas por este estudo para os programas que eles gerem, (c) apontar os motivos e justificativas que estes gestores responsáveis pelos programas de QV apresentavam em relação à adoção ou não adoção das práticas em QV na empresa e (d) levantar os pontos positivos e as dificuldades encontradas nos programas de QV. A pesquisa foi elaborada a partir de revisão bibliográfica temática e por meio de análise qualitativa dos dados obtidos nas entrevistas realizadas com os gestores dos programas de QV de três empresas multinacionais do segmento do comércio e serviços, localizadas na cidade de São Paulo e reconhecidas como "Melhores empresas para se trabalhar", de acordo com instituições de pesquisa, nos anos de 2008 e 2009. Esta pesquisa levantou algumas das práticas desenvolvidas nestas empresas mostrando que embora algumas destas práticas sejam consideradas importantes pelos gestores, ainda não são implementadas por falta de reflexão sobre as mesmas dentro da cultura organizacional e sinalizou a necessidade de se investir em ferramentas de acompanhamento dos resultados sobre as ações para justificar maiores investimentos nos programas de QV existentes. Desta forma, esta pesquisa traz subsídios para a elaboração de novas concepções e propostas para a QV no cotidiano das organizações empresariais / Abstract: Quality of life (QOL) can be understood from a grouping of physical, emotional, social, professional, intellectual and spiritual dimensions, which are either connected and overlapped. This study was oriented to a professional scope of individual action, contemplating the QOL programs within companies that may directly influence this dimension. The Quality of life programs developed within companies have different practices, however, all of them have the same objectives: to promote workers quality of life and to increase productivity and profitability with the less possible expenses. Initially, based on a literature review, this study was intended to identify and select QOL programs based developed interventions related to different aspects as: physical activity, health promotion, social responsibility, institutional fatigue, organizational suffering and moral harassment. Firstly, it intended to present and discuss these interventions. Secondly, aimed to (a) identify which QOL interventions have been developed by companies, (b) investigate whether QOL accountable managers considered important the interventions selected from this study for the programs they run, (c) the reasons and justifications presented by these managers to adopt or not adopt some practices in their company and (d) present identified QOL programs strengths and difficulties. The research was developed based on thematic literature review and data analysis using qualitative data obtained in the interviews with the accountable managers for "Quality of life" programs of three multinational companies from the sector of trade and services, located in São Paulo and recognized as companies "Great Place to Work", according to researches institutions, in the years of 2008 and 2009. This research has identified some of the practices developed in these companies, showing that although some practices are deemed important by managers they were not actually implemented yet due to lack of reflection on them within organizational culture and, suggesting the need to invest in tools of results tracking over the actions in order to justify greater investments on QOL available programs. Therefore, this research provides subsidies for the development of new concepts and proposals for QOL in daily life of organizations. / Mestrado / Atividade Fisica, Adaptação e Saude / Mestre em Educação Física

The presented diploma thesis in its theoretical part introduces the reader to the issue of the quality of life. This polysemantical term, which can be hardly defined, is based on a wide range of views and applicable approaches. The first chapter deals with the definition and description of basic and related concepts. The second part describes the instruments of social policy, employment policy and its division. The conclusion of the thesis offers an objective and subjective measures of the quality of life, which were applied to the author's examined districts, whose respondents were young unemployed within thirty years of age.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka fysiskt funktionsnedsatta individers motivation till att delta i parasport och deltagandets betydelse för deras livskvalité (QoL). I studien deltog 11 intervjupersoner med fysisk funktionsnedsättning, fem kvinnor och sex män i åldrarna 19-74 (M=32.6, SD=16.3). Samtliga deltagare hade varit aktiva i parasport minst två månader innan inledd studie. En semistrukturerad intervjuguide tillämpades. Resultatet delades in i fyra teman baserat på motivation och livskvalité; Fysik som möjlighet och svårighet, känna gemenskap, känna psykiskt välmående och parasportens villkor. Deltagarna upplevde att parasporten ökade deras livskvalité och att det var en motiverande faktor till att delta. Deltagarna uttryckte ökad fysisk funktion, mindre smärta, social gemenskap, psykiskt välmående och glädje som motiv till deltagande. ”Att se bra ut” var en rapporterad, ej tidigare beskriven, förklaring till motivation till deltagande i parasport. Barriärer som upplevdes begränsa deltagandet i parasport var brist på energi, smärt, sociala och praktiska hinder. Baserat på resultatet av studien är rekommendationerna att ytterligare ansträngningar görs för att underlätta övervinnandet av barriärerna som ligger till grund för lågt deltagande i parasport. Detta för att ge fler möjligheten att ta del av de positiva hälsofördelar parasporten kan ha på livskvalité. / The purpose of the study was to investigate physically disabled individuals motivation to participate in parasport and the importance of participation in their quality of life (QoL). In the study, 11 interviewees, five women and six men with physical disabilities aged 19-74 (M=32.6, SD=16.3) participated. All participants had been active in parasporting for at least two months within the initiated study. A semi-structured interview guide was used. The results were divided up in four themes based on motivation and quality of life; Physical activity like opportunity and difficulty, feeling of community, feeling mentally well-off and matching the conditions of the sport. The parasport participants felt that the parasport increased their quality of life and that it was a motivating factor to participate. The participants in the study expressed increased physical function, less pain, social community, mental well-being and joy as motives for participation. "Looking good" was a reported, not previously described, explanation of motivation for participating in parasport. Barriers that were perceived to limit participation in parasport were lack of energy, pain, social and practical barriers. Based on the results of this study, the recommendations are that further efforts are made to facilitate the winning of the barriers underlying low participation in parasport. In order to give more people the opportunity to take advantage of the positive health benefits that parasport can have on the quality of life.

Diabetes är en sjukdom som i många fall kan leda till olika senkomplikationer, en av dem är fotsår. Att leva med diabetiska fotsår kan inverka på livskvaliteten, därför är det viktigt att få kunskap om vad som påverkar livskvaliteten för att kunna ge bättre omvårdnad och öka välbefinnandet. Syftet var att belysa vad som påverkar livskvaliteten hos personer med diabetiska fotsår. Datainsamlingen resulterade i 12 artiklar som besvarade studiens syfte. Granskning av artiklarna genomfördes och data kategoriserades. Fem kategorier framkom som visade att rädsla, smärta, immobilitet, kunskap och stöd påverkade livskvaliteten hos personer med diabetiska fotsår. Det fanns en rädsla för fördröjd sårläkning, utveckling av nya sår och att i framtiden eventuellt behöva amputera. Smärta från diabetiska fotsår upplevdes som frustrerande och var en av orsakerna till immobilitet vilket i sin tur skapade social isolering. Kunskap var betydelsefullt för att kunna förebygga uppkomsten av nya fotsår och för att de drabbade skulle kunna söka vård tidigare. För att kunna hantera vardagen var det därför viktigt att få stöd från olika personer i omgivningen. Sjuksköterskan kan förbättra omvårdnaden och skapa förutsättningar för bättre livskvalitet genom att se människan bakom fotsåret. / Diabetes is a disease which in many cases leads to various complications, one of them is foot ulcers. Living with diabetic foot ulcers can affect the quality of life, therefore it is important to gain knowledge about what affects the quality of life in order to provide better care and improve well-being. The aim was to highlight aspects that affects the quality of life in people with diabetic foot ulcers. The data collection resulted in 12 articles who responded to the purpose of the study. The examination of the articles was conducted and data was categorized. Five categories emerged which showed that fear, pain, immobility, knowledge and support affected the quality of life among people with diabetic foot ulcers. There was a fear of delayed wound healing, development of new wounds, and for the risk of amputation in the future. Pain from diabetic foot ulcers was perceived as frustrating and was one of the causes of immobility, which in turn created the social isolation. This knowledge was important in order to prevent the occurrence of new foot ulcers so that those affected could seek treatment earlier. In order to manage everyday life, it was therefore important to receive support from different people in the surrounding. The nurse can improve the care and create better quality of life by seeing the person behind the foot ulcer.

Det är viktigt med insikt och ökad kunskap om den äldre individens behov och individuella upplevelser för att kunna bemöta individen och utforma vården efter dennes egna villkor. Denna kunskap är viktig att ha med sig som socionom, då ens yrkesroll kan komma att beröra äldre individer som målgrupp. Denna studie har genomförts i USA (Florida) med syfte att undersöka vad livskvalitet innebär för äldre människor på över 65 år, och vilka vardagliga situationer de kopplar livskvalitet till. I denna studie är livskvalitet beskrivet utifrån respondenternas egna personliga upplevelser av begreppet och dess innebörd. Sju semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med individer mellan åldrarna 71-94. Vi kom i kontakt med dem genom en verksamhet i Florida, som erbjuder hemtjänstlösningar till äldre människor som är i behov av vård och omsorg i det egna hemmet. I vår studie har vi använt oss av en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod, och utgått ifrån innehållsanalys som metod för att analysera vårt insamlade material. Denna studies resultat mynnade ut i tre teman som visar på viktiga kriterier för den äldre individen att uppleva livskvalitet. Dessa teman är: Självständighet, social gemenskap och meningsfullhet. Självständighet var viktigt för våra respondenter då det innebar att få vara autonoma i vardagen. Social gemenskap innefattar att synliggöras och bekräftas av omgivningen. Temat meningsfullhet kopplas till att våra respondenter ser en mening i deras primära krets, och begriplighet med deras nuvarande tillvaro. Att synas, höras och märkas är studiens titel, dessa ord är byggstenarna för ett förgyllt åldrande, då vi i vår uppsats fokuserat på den positiva aspekten av livskvalitet i samband med ett åldrande.