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Class of 2012 Abstract / Specific Aims: To review overall quality of life (QOL) in active geriatric patients and to observe different attitudes toward aging in the student comparison groups. Subjects: Current students, regardless of academic year, attending the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy with a university email account. Methods: Data was collected using an electronic questionnaire. A link to the questionnaire was sent out via email to all University of Arizona, College of Pharmacy students. Another email containing the link to the questionnaire was sent two weeks after the initial notification. The questionnaire consisted of 36 questions requesting students to express their perspective on the health status, mental status and physical abilities of the elderly. Main Results: Geriatric patients tended to have a more positive view on their overall health when compared to students' perceptions of geriatric QOL (86.7% versus 35.7%, P <0.05). Students were also more likely to have the perception that geriatric patients had limitations in regular activities due to physical health and emotional problems when compared to the actual responses of older adults (72.6% versus 40.0%, P <0.05; and 60.0% versus 16.7%, P <0.05; respectively). There was a significant difference (P<0.05) between responses from students and geriatric patients to every question. Conclusions: There appears to be a noteworthy difference between pharmacy student perceptions of geriatric QOL and actual older adult QOL responses that may warrant an educational intervention.

Age-related bone fractures are usually painful and have highly negative effects on a geriatric patient's functional status, quality of life, and survival. Currently, there are few analgesic therapies that fully control bone fracture pain in the elderly without significant unwanted side effects. However, another way of controlling age-related fracture pain would be to preemptively administer an osteo-anabolic agent to geriatric patients with high risk of fracture, so as to build new cortical bone and prevent the fracture from occurring. A major question, however, is whether an osteo-anabolic agent can stimulate the proliferation of osteogenic cells and build significant amounts of new cortical bone in light of the decreased number and responsiveness of osteogenic cells in aging bone. To explore this question, geriatric and young mice, 20 and 4 months old, respectively, received either vehicle or a monoclonal antibody that sequesters sclerostin (anti-sclerostin) for 28 days. From days 21 to 28, animals also received sustained administration of the thymidine analog, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), which labels the DNA of dividing cells. Animals were then euthanized at day 28 and the femurs were examined for cortical bone formation, bone mineral density, and newly borne BrdU+ cells in the periosteum which is a tissue that is pivotally involved in the formation of new cortical bone. In both the geriatric and young mice, anti-sclerostin induced a significant increase in the thickness of the cortical bone, bone mineral density, and the proliferation of newly borne BrdU+ cells in the periosteum. These results suggest that even in geriatric animals, anti-sclerostin therapy can build new cortical bone and increase the proliferation of osteogenic cells and thus reduce the likelihood of painful age-related bone fractures.

Introduction The aim of the research project was to examine prevalence, co-morbidity, and impact on daily life of pain and dysfunction in the jaw-face, head, and neck-shoulder regions among adult Sami women in northern Sweden. The aim of the qualitative part of the study was to explore, thoughts, experiences, and beliefs regarding temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among Sami women with and without TMD, to gain insights into their health care experiences. Methods The research project used a mixed methods approach including questionnaire analysis, a case-control study, and thematic interviews. The study population (Papers I and III) included 487 women living in the Arctic region of northern Sweden and enrolled in the register of the Swedish Sami Parliament or registered as reindeer owners or reindeer herders in the Swedish Board of Agriculture. Two years after the questionnaire study, 22 women (cases) with longstanding, intense, and frequent symptoms indicative of TMD, together with 46 age-matched women (controls) without any symptoms in the jaw–face region, underwent a clinical examination of the function of the temporomandibular joint, jaw- and neck muscles, mandibular mobility, and dental occlusion. The examiner was blind to the women’s affiliation (Paper II). Thematic interviews with a strategic subsample of 17 Sami women (Paper IV) were thereafter conducted and analyzed with a grounded theory approach. Results The prevalence of frequent symptoms indicative of TMD was 17%, of headaches 19%, and of neck-shoulder pain (NSP) 30%. Seventeen percent reported that their TMD affected daily life. Duration of jaw pain, troublesome impaired jaw opening, and neck pain, together with a low education level, affected the statement of whether TMD influenced daily life or not. Factors related to pain had the greatest influence when these Sami women rated the related impairment. There was a statistically significant relationship between TMD, frequent headaches, and frequent NSP (P &lt;0.0001). Longstanding, intense, and frequent symptoms indicative of TMD remained essentially unchanged over the two-year follow-up period. Cases reported impaired general health and awareness of clenching teeth significantly more frequently than did controls. Variations in dental occlusion did not distinguish cases from controls. In the qualitative part of the project the core category, “Grin(d) and bear it,” summarizes the participants’ various ways and stages of processing and handling the interacting categories: (1) triggers, (2) strains, (3) distrust, and (4) reconciliation with pain and/or difficulties in life. Perpetuating factors were described as mental-physical strain and stress, and also a tooth clenching behavior. Women without TMD expressed factors that helped them to handle strains, reconcile, and stay healthy. They relied on helpful social support. Conclusion Disabling TMD, headaches, and NSP are common in Sami women. Women with TMD commonly expressed that tooth clenching was a familiar habit related to strains in life; they described an impaired general state of health and distrust in the care providers’ competence and ability to manage their problems. Women without TMD expressed confidence in their self-efficacy and were generally less concerned with strains in their lives. Rehabilitation strategies aiming at empowerment and improved self-efficacy may be a successful approach in women with disabling TMD.

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<p>Istraživanje je obuhvatilo primenu generičkog upitnika (Kiddy-KINDL, Kid-KINDL, Kiddo-KINDL i verzije za roditelje Kiddy-KINDL i KINDL), bolest-specifičnog upitnika (CPQOL-Child i CPQOL-verzija za roditelje), kao i upitnika za procenu porodičnog kvaliteta života dece sa cerebralnom paralizom (Family quality of life survey. Main caregivers of people with intellectual or developmental disabilities). Analizom je obuhvaćeno 70. dece i omladine sa cerebralnom paralizom i njihovih roditelja. Kvalitet života dece sa CP uzrasta 4-17 godina, ispitan generičkim upitnikom ne pokazuje statistički značajne razlike u svim ispitivanim domenima bez obzira na nivo motoričkog onesposobljenja prema GMFCS. Kvalitet života sa aspekta roditelja ispitan generičkim upitnikom pokazuje da deca uzrasta 3-6 godina sa CP nivoa I-II prema GMFCS, imaju statistički značajno bolji kvalitet života u domenu zdravstvenog i emocionalnog stanja, samopo&scaron;tovanja i socijalnog života, dok deca uzrasta 7-17 godina imaju statistički značajno bolji kvalitet života samo u domenu emocionalnog stanja. Ova razlika se može objasniti činjenicom da su roditelji starije dece sa CP pro&scaron;li kroz proces prihvatanja bolesti tokom vremena. Kvalitet života dece sa CP uzrasta 8-12 godina, ispitan bolest-specifičnim upitnikom ne pokazuje statistički značajne razlike u svim ispitivanim domenima bez obzira na nivo motoričkog onesposobljenja prema GMFCS. Kvalitet života sa aspekta roditelja ispitan bolest-specifičnim upitnikom pokazuje da deca uzrasta 4-12 godina sa CP nivoa I-II prema GMFCS, imaju statistički značajno bolji kvalitet života u domenima: socijalno blagostanje i prihvatanje, osećanje o funkcionisanju, uče&scaron;će i fizičko zdravlje, kao i bol i uticaj invalidnosti. Nema razlike u stavu deteta i roditelja u domenima kvaliteta života mereno generičkim upitnikom. Međutim, upotrebom bolest-specifičnog upitnika dobija se podatak da roditelji ocenjuju kvalitet života deteta značajno lo&scaron;ije u domenima: osećaj o funkcionisanju, kao i uče&scaron;će i fizičko zdravlje. Roditelji dece sa CP nivoa I-II prema GMFCS navode bolji kvalitet porodičnog života u odnosu na roditelje dece nivoa III-V prema GMFCS, ali bez statističke značajnosti. Analizom ispitivanih dimenzija domena u sumarnoj skali utvrđeno je da je roditeljima najvažnija dimenizija značaj porodičnog kvaliteta života. Ostale ispitivane dimenzije domena (mogućnost, inicijativa, postignuće, stabilnost i zadovoljstvo) bile su niže ocenjene u odnosu na dimenziju značaj, a međusobno su bile ujednačene. Za procenu kvaliteta života kod dece sa CP ipak se preporučuje upotreba bolest-specifičnog upitnika u cilju detektovanja domena od interesa, kako bi se pravovremenom akcijom zdravstenih profesionalaca, podr&scaron;kom na nivou zajednice, kao i dru&scaron;tva u celini, uklonile pote&scaron;koće i omogućio kvalitetan život detetu sa cerebralnom paralizom i njegovoj porodici.</p> / <p>The study included the use of generic questionnaire (Kiddy-KINDL, Kid-KINDL, Kiddo-KINDL versions for parents Kiddy-KINDL and KINDL), a disease-specific questionnaire (CPQOL-Child and CPQOL-version for parents), as well as the questionnaire for evaluation of family quality of life of children with cerebral palsy (FQOL-DD). The analysis included 70 children and youth with cerebral palsy and their parents. The quality of life of children with CP aged 4-17 years, examined by a generic questionnaire, shows no statistically significant differences in any investigated domains regardless of the level of motor disability according to GMFCS. The quality of life from the parent aspect obtained by the generic questionnaire shows that children aged 3-6 years with CP levels I-II GMFCS, had a significantly better quality of life related to health and emotional status, self-esteem and social life, while children aged 7-17 years had a significantly better quality of life only in the domain of emotional state. This difference can be explained by the fact that parents of older children with CP had the time to pass through the process of accepting the disease. The quality of life of children with CP aged 8-12 years, examined by the disease-specific questionnaire, shows no statistically significant differences in any investigated domains regardless of the level of motor disability according to GMFCS. The quality of life from the parent aspect according to the disease-specific questionnaire shows that children aged 4 -12 years with CP levels I-II GMFCS had a significantly better quality of life in following domains: social well-being and acceptance, feeling of functioning, participation and physical health, as well as the pain impact and disability. There is no difference in the attitude of the child and parents in the domains of quality of life as measured by the generic questionnaire. However, by using disease-specific questionnaires it is clear that parents assess the quality of life of the child significantly worse in the following domains: a sense of functioning, of participation and physical health. Parents of children with CP levels I-II GMFCS report better quality of family life in comparison to the parents of children with level III-V GMFCS, but without statistical significance. By the analysis of the dimensions of domains tested in the aggregate scale it was found that for parents the most important dimension was the family quality of life. Other tested dimensions of domains (the ability, initiative, achievement, stability and satisfaction) were assessed lower in comparison to the dimension of the importance, and they were equable. For assessment of the quality of life in children with CP the use of disease-specific questionnaires is recommended in order to detect domains of interest, with the aim to introduce timely action of health professionals, support at the community level and in a society as a whole, as well as to remove difficulties and facilitate quality of life for the children with cerebral palsy and their families.</p>

Bakgrund: I Sverige var det år 2013, 200 000 personer som behandlades med det blodförtunnande läkemedlet Waran. Forskning på hur en person som behandlas med Waran upplever sin behandling kan bidra till en ökad förståelse kring detta bland hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Studien grundar sig på Dahlbergs livsvärldsteori vilken beskriver vårdandet med fokus på personens tankar, upplevelser och hur hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal kan vårda utifrån dessa begrepp. Syfte: Att beskriva upplevelser av att behandlas med Waran Metod: En kvalitativ, deskriptiv intervjustudie. Fem intervjuer genomfördes, vilka baserades på ett frågeformulär med öppna frågor. Analysmetoden består av en manifest analys, som bygger på en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Upplevelser av att behandlas med Waran är individuellt och beror på flertalet olika faktorer i en persons liv. En positiv känsla angående Waran samt en tacksamhet att få ett bättre liv tack vare Waran och slippa oro sig för sjukdomens verkning på kroppen framkom tydligt under intervjuerna. Det fanns dock en oro för de biverkningar som Waran har och detta kom att påverka deltagarna olika. Slutsats: Waranbehandling bidrog till både negativa och positiva upplevelser. Dock med en övervägande gynnsam inställning till Waranbehandling. / Background: In the year of 2013 there were 200 000 persons in Sweden that were under treatment with the blood-thinning drug Warfarin. Studies that describe how people feel and experience their treatment with Warfarin can result in a greater understanding among health-care workers. Dahlberg’s lifeworld theory was used in the study. The theory has focus on people’s feelings, thoughts and experiences. Purpose: Describing the experience of being under treatment with Warfarin. Methods: A qualitative descriptive interview study. Five interviews where completed and the interviews were based on a questionnaire. The majority of the questions were open questions. The data were analysed with a qualitative content analysis with a manifested analysis. Results: Experience of being treated with Warfarin where very individual and depended on many different factors in a person’s life. A positivity and thankfulness to Warfarin appeared during the interviews. There was a concern about side effects from Warfarin, but how this affected the persons that were treated with Warfarin was different between the participants.  Conclusion: Warfarin treatment contributed both positive and negative experiences. The majority of experiences were positively.

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SAMMANFATTNING   Bakgrund: Psykossjukdom kan beskrivas som en förändring i verklighetsuppfattning. Symtom är vanföreställningar, hallucinationer, tankestörningar, passivitet, avtrubbade affekter och känslomässiga störningar. Att drabbas av psykossjukdom innebär en stor förändring i livet för den som drabbas, med stort lidande och sänkt livskvalitet. Tidigare forskning har visat att olika bakgrundsfaktorer kan påverka livskvalitet hos patienter med psykossjukdom. Syfte: Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur människor med psykossjukdom upplever sin livskvalitet och hur ålder, kön, hushållssituation samt utbildning och sysselsättning påverkar detta. Metod: Studiedesignen var komparativ tvärsnittsstudie medelst frågeformulär. Enkäter delades ut på en psykosöppenvårdsmottagning och en slutenvårdsavdelning på ett sjukhus i mellansverige. EQ-5D användes som instrument för att mäta livskvalitet. Deltagarna fick också besvara ett frågeformulär som undersökte deras bakgrundsfaktorer. Resultat: Sysselsättning, som arbete eller studier hade en positiv inverkan på livskvalitet.  ålder, kön, hushållssituation och utbildningsnivå hade ingen inverkan på livskvalitet. Resultatet från insamlingen på slutenvårdsavdelningen var inte möjligt att analysera på grund av bortfall. Slutsats: Denna studie hade för få deltagare som sannolikt påverkat resultatet. Framtida forskning bör vara mer omfattande. Tidigare forskning visar dock att olika bakgrundsfaktorer påverkar livskvalitet. Det är därför viktigt att sjuksköterskor oavsett var de arbetar känner till patientens enskilda bakgrundsfaktorer och utnyttjar denna kunskap för att hitta de individer som behöver mest stöd.     Nyckelord: Livskvalitet, psykossjukdom, bakgrundsfaktorer / ABSTRACT Background Psychotic disorders can be described as a change in the perceptions of reality. Symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, confused thinking, lack of motivation and emotional expressions. To suffer from psychotic disorder means a change in the life of those affected and reduced quality of life. Precious research has shown different background factors can affect the quality of life in patients with psychotic disorders. Aim The aim of this study was to measure quality of life in patients with different psychotic disorders and the impact of age, gender, occupation, household situation and level of education. Method A comparative cross-sectional design was used. In- and outpatients undergoing treatment in a Swedish psychiatric care setting was asked to participate in the study. The EQ-5D instrument was used to measure quality in life. Participants were also asked to fill in in a questioner regarding their background factors. Results Occupation had a positive outcome in quality of life. Age, gender, household situation and level of education did not impact quality of life, The group of inpatients were not included in this study due to failing filling in the questionnaires properly Conclusion The result has probably been affected by the low number of participants, making it difficult to draw any conclusions. Previous research shows different background factor does have an impact on quality of life, future research should ensure a bigger sample of participants.   Keywords: Quality of life, psychotic disorder, background factors

Abstract Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to explore what the residents of Skurup think could improve in their municipality. The paper will give answers to what  could be better and which factors that are important for the improvement according to the residents of Skurup. The overall purpose with the study is to examine how the living situation could improve for the residents of Skurup.  Design/methodology/approach - A quantitative study in the form of 200 surveys is used to let us know what the residents of Skurup wishes to improve. The method will consist of primary data, which is collected through surveys. Supplement in the empire will consist of secondary data from databases like Web of Science, Scopus, Diva, Emerald insight and Google scholar. Implications/Findings - The study reveals what the people in Skurup wishes to improve in their municipality. It offers insight into what value proposition residents value the highest. The research paper shows that the sections Experience and activities and Education and children are important dimensions in the place offering.  Originality/value - The research paper provides information about what the residents of Skurup wishes to improve in their municipality, to make it into a better place. According to this research the residents of Skurups wants to improve the section of Education and the children the most. They also wishes to improve Experience and activities. This will in the end improve the living standard for the residents of Skurup and make Skurup into a place where people want to live. Paper type - Research paper. Keywords - Skurup, municipality, value propositions, quality of life and improve living.