Diploma thesis tracks a process of transformation of the military strategy of the Russian Federation since its establishment (end of 1991) up to now (May 2016). The author observes, using longitudinal method of Process Tracing and with help of strategic theory and concept of strategic culture, the author observes in which areas of the Russian strategic culture and military strategy occurred changes throughout the surveyed period of time and how the changes influenced strategy implemented in armed conflicts in which Russian Federation was involved. Another observed phenomenon is a formalisation of ideological anchoring of revisionist foreign and security policy in the key strategic documents. Following factors are identified as critical in formation and implementation of final strategy: Presidential administration, strategic culture, strategic documents, armed forces, and military operations. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The role of the United Nations in international peace and peacekeeping has traditionally been supported by the Russian Federation, promoting the UN as a central actor in international politics and using force in the establishment of peace in Russian peacekeeping operations. However, blocking several military interventions and UN resolutions on peacekeeping and criticising the use of the UN as a political tool for western states, the Russian perception of peace in the UN remains uncharted. In an attempt to provide new knowledge to the Russian perception of peace, this thesis investigates Russian ideas of peace expressed in national policy documents and UN Security Council statements between 2019 and 2020, concerning the establishment of peace in international conflicts. Using an ideational analysis, Russian ideas of peace are interpreted according to the theoretical framework of situational and relational peace, developed by Jarstad et al. (2019), examining peace as situational security and political order, and as a relational behaviour, attitudes and ideas. The analysis reveals that Russian ideas can be interpreted as characterised by both situational and relational peace, promoting peace and peacekeeping based on international law, establishing security and stability through peaceful means of conflict management rather than promoting forceful military means. Further, ideas of peacekeeping are interpreted as promoting a return to status quo, and state responsibility.

Negli ultimi dieci anni la Federazione Russa si è lanciata nel mercato globale della produzione di contenuti televisivi, migliorando la qualità dei propri prodotti e distinguendosi per i generi e le storie raccontate. Studiarne il sistema televisivo contemporaneo, con la peculiarità dei remake “made in Russia”, permette di comprenderne il funzionamento e l’evoluzione passata e futura, in un’ottica di economia globale. Capire come e perché sui palinsesti nazionali circolano ancora oggi prodotti che sono una copia di serie televisive originali occidentali (ben lontani dal concetto di scripted format) è alla base dell’analisi del sistema televisivo economico e produttivo. Questi remake sono presenti fin dai primi anni Duemila e, seppur con lievi differenze, sono tuttora presenti, prodotti e trasmessi, nonostante la loro versione originale sia comodamente fruibile sia attraverso la televisione lineare, sia attraverso le piattaforme OTT. Per quale motivo, quindi, non risultano ridondanti? Per quale motivo il pubblico russo ne sente la necessità? Esistono degli iter produttivi standardizzati che ne facilitino la produzione e la categorizzazione? Queste le domande alla base dello studio dei percorsi produttivi che le serie televisive occidentali intraprendono una volta che valicano i confini della Federazione Russa, in un meccanismo che rappresenta un unicum nel sistema televisivo economico globale. / In the last ten years Russian Federation has entered the global market of tv-content production, improving the quality of its products and standing out for the genres and stories told. Studying its contemporary television system, with the peculiarity of its remakes “made in Russia”, helps us understanding its functioning and evolution (past and future), in a global economy perspective. Understanding how and why on national show schedules still circulate products that are a copy of Western original television series (distant from the concept of ‘scripted format’) represents the basis of the analysis of the economic and productive system. These remakes are already present at the beginning of the new Millennium and, even if with slight differences, are still present and broadcast, nevertheless their original version can be found and watched both through DTT television and OTT platforms. From what reason, then, aren’t they redundant? Why Russian audience needs them? Are there any standardized productive paths that simplify their production and organization? These are the questions at the foundation of the study of productive paths that Western television series take once they cross Russian Federation borders, in a mechanism that represents an unprecedented example in the global economic television system.

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This study is an empirical research that is set to examine to what extent culture affects the performance of Swedish managers when doing business with their Russian customers. The authors aim is to find out how important cultural awareness is when doing business between Sweden and Russia as well as what factors Swedish managers should consider before doing business with a Russian customer. The purpose of this study has been set in relation to empirical evidence based on a qualitative research approach with semi structured in-depth interviews as a method. Seven in-depth interviews has been conducted in order to fulfil the research questions and the purpose of this study, all interviewees has got at least three years of business related experience towards the Russian market. One of the main objectives of this study is to create a road map that will unveil hidden rules and provide a practical approach in order to avoid apprehensions and hesitations concerning the Russian culture, before arriving and while already in Russia. This study reveals that factors such as language, non-stereotyping, and a rigorous research about the Russian culture are needed for a Swedish businessman before doing business in Russia. When a Swedish businessman has arrived in Russia, considerations and efforts should be put on factors such as the importance of a formal dress code, practice status, as well as a strict leadership style.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

This thesis describes the development process and the establishment of audit in the Russian Federation, the classification of audit activities, legislation and regulation of auditing services in Russia. Within the practical part is compared the statutory regulation of audit in Russia and the European Union.

The aim of the thesis is to examine the nature of Czech-Russian business relations and their influence on the political dimension of the bilateral ties between the two countries and the perceived standing of the Czech state in Europe.

Notre travail de recherche se propose d'étudier les ressorts qui sous-tendent les relations asymétriques entre les Etats-Unis et la Fédération de Russie depuis la fin de la guerre froide et la disparition de l’Union soviétique. Afin de comprendre la nouvelle relation bilatérale au cours du quart de siècle écoulé, il nous faut analyser l’héritage que laissent plusieurs années de rivalité idéologique entre les deux Etats-continents. Il nous faut comprendre la décision soviétique de renoncer à cette confrontation idéologique et le rôle qu’ont pu jouer les Etats-Unis dans cette décision. Depuis leur accession au rôle d'unique hyperpuissance, les Etats-Unis, tout en cherchant à développer leur conception de la « démocratie libérale », s’efforcent de faire obstacle à l'émergence de tout peer competitor sur la scène internationale et envisagent pour la Russie un rôle de junior partner régional en Eurasie. Cependant, cette dernière a développé, à travers le temps, un hubris de ''grande puissance'', une forme propre de « démocratie dirigée » et un messianisme particulier qui l'empêchent d’accepter le rôle prédéfini pour elle par les Etats-Unis car il ne ferait qu’exposer l’asymétrie de la relation bilatérale. Ainsi, il nous semble indispensable de nous demander quelles places tiennent les réalités géopolitiques et les composantes idéologiques et messianiques dans cette nouvelle relation asymétrique et à quelle(s) fin(s). / Our research aims at studying the asymmetrical relations between the United States and the Russian Federation since the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union. In order to understand how the new bilateral relation has evolved throughout the past twenty-five years, our research analyses the heritage left by many years of ideological rivalry between these two continent-states. Our research also aims at finding out the reasons why the Soviet Union eventually decided to give up the ideological confrontation and what role the United States played in that decision. The United States has become the only remaining hyperpower trying to prevent any other peer competitor on the international scene from emerging and leaving Russia with only a regional power in Eurasia while developing and expanding its own concept of Liberal Democracy. However, throughout the centuries , Russia itself has developed its own hubris as a great power and as a managed democracy as well as some messianism that would not accept any role predefined by the United States. Thus, our research tries to consider the geopolitical as well as ideological components within the new asymmetrical relation between the two countries and to what end(s).

Cette thèse traite de l'évolution du cadre organisationnel et institutionnel de l'industrie pétrolière russe durant la période 1992-2012. Son objectif est de caractériser et d'interpréter l'accroissement du rôle des compagnies pétrolières à capitaux majoritairement publics, Rosneft et Gazpromneft, dans les opérations de l'amont pétrolier qui est observé depuis le milieu des années 2000. Dans ce cadre théorique de la Nouvelle économie institutionnelle, notre thèse soutient que le rôle accru des compagnies pétrolières publiques russes marque le passage d'une structure de gouvernance pétrolière libérale à une structure de gouvernance pétrolière hybride. Cela doit être interprété comme la réponse faisable, de la part des autorités fédérales, à l'incohérence existant entre la structure de gouvernance pétrolière libérale définie au début du processus de transition et l'environnement institutionnel prévalant en Russie. / This PhD dissertation deals with the evolution of the institutional and organizational framework of the Russian oil indThis PhD dissertation deals with the evolution of the institutional and organizational framework of the Russian oil industry during the period 1992-2012. Its main objective is to characterize and reinterpret the increasing involvement of the national oil companies (NOCs), Rosneft and Gazpromneft, in the upstream activities observed since the middle of the 2000's. Relying on the New Institutional Economics framewrokd, we argue that the increasing involvement of the Russian NOCs can be characterized as a change from a liberal oil governance structure to a hybrid oil governance structure. We show that this organizational evolution must be interpreted as the feasible reform that can be implemented by the federal authorities for dealing with the incoherence between the liberal governance structure defined at the beginning of the transition process and the Russian institutional environment.