This study was performed for the identification of specific DNA marker using RAPD-PCR (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) method for serotype Salmonella Typhimurium which is one of the most prevalent serotype causing food poisining all over the world. The Primer 3 (RAPD 9.1), 5&rsquo / -CGT GCA CGC-3&lsquo / , was used in RAPD-PCR with 35 different Salmonella isolates. 12 of them were serotype Salmonella Typhimurium and 23 of them were belonging to other six different serotypes. Accordingly, two different 300 bp and 700 bp sized amplification products were obtained from the 12 different Salmonella Typhimurium isolates. On the other hand, other 23 Salmonella isolates of six different serotypes gave only 300 bp amplification band while 700 bp amplification band was not observed with Primer 3 (RAPD 9.1). After the discovery of 700 bp fragmentwhich was specific for S. Typhimurium, it was decided to sequence. The 700 bp band was ligated onto the vector pUC 19 to sequence. The cloninig operation gave positive results by the formation of blue and white colonies, but plasmid isolation process from white colonies containing the ligated vector was not achieved. Therefore, sequencing of the 700 bp fragment together with plasmid DNA could not be completed. However it wil be sent to USA for sequencing. According to these results, it was discovered that 700 bp amplification product was found as a specific polymorphic region for Salmonella Typhimurium after RAPD application on genomic DNA and this band can be used as a specific marker for detection and identification of Salmonella Typhimurium.

Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana is one of the most widespread and economically important forest tree species in Turkey. Primary objective of the present study was to to reveal the effects of forestry practices by determining genetic diversity of natural and managed seed sources by means of RAPD markers. Secondly, two varieties were also investigated to reveal their pattern of genetic variation. Seed stands, seed orchards and plantations were screened against 11 RAPD primers and generated 152 polymorphic DNA loci. Two varieties were compared with a reference seed source and 4 natural seed sources. Seven primers generated 66 polymorphic DNA loci. An overall average for effective number of alleles was 1.68&plusmn / 0.030 / observed heterozygosity was 0.49&plusmn / 0.024 / expected heterozygosity was 0.38&plusmn / 0.014 and proportion of polymorphic loci was 93% for all seed sources considered. Results revealed that there was no considerable variation between seed source categories but some degree of variation was observed within seed orchards and plantations. Mean FST value estimated for the natural populations revealed that 94% of the total genetic variation was within populations. Nei&rsquo / s genetic distance values were also estimated for seed source categories (0.03-0.14). Nevertheless, varieties&rsquo / genetic distance values were considerably higher than other natural seed sources (0.07-0.19). Their dendrogram also claimed that two varieties are genetically different from natural populations. The extent of genetic diversity explored by RAPD markers revealed that forestry practices caused no major changes in the managed populations with respect to natural populations. Moreover, further study is needed to illustrate genetic divergence of varieties.

Diss. (sammanfattning). Alnarp : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2007. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Hohenheim, Univ., Diss., 2004.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Alnarp : Sveriges lantbruksuniversit, 2008. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:32:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissVOL.pdf: 4015822 bytes, checksum: 3a905b388ed5ecaf8a04b7f8125d7002 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-05-07 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / Conopophaga melanops is an endemic Atlantic forest bird species that had its habitat drastically fragmented by the historical process of massive deforestation. Today, its populations have survived isolated in small fragments and a few continuous forests, compromising the potential of the species to overcome natural and anthropic disturbances. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic differentiation among and within three populations of C. melanops in the major protected continuum of an Atlantic forest reminiscent using RAPD-PCR, to provide a better understanding of the geographical patterns of genetic variation of the species in fine scale and original context. The genetic molecular analyses showed a statistically significant genetic divergence among the three C. melanops populations in a continuum transect of 250 km. Primarily, this could be explained by the assumed sedentarism of the species and by the geographical barriers to gene flow. Pleistocene refuges and recent human impact could be adictional factors to explain the current genetic diferentiation. / Conopophaga melanops é uma espécie de pássaro endêmica da Mata Atlântica que teve seu habitat altamente alterado pelo processo histórico de intenso desmatamento. Atualmente, suas populações sobrevivem isoladas em muitos fragmentos pequenos e em poucas áreas contínuas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a diferenciação genética dentro e entre três populações de C. melanops localizadas dentro do maior trecho contínuo protegido da Mata Atlântica remanescente, utilizando a técnica molecular RAPD-PCR, a fim de fornecer uma melhor compreensão dos padrões geográficos da variação genética da espécie em um contexto original em escala fina. As análises moleculares revelaram divergência genética significativa entre as três populações em um transecto contínuo de 250 km. Este resultado poderia ser explicado primariamente pelo suposto sedentarismo da espécie e pelas barreiras geográficas ao fluxo gênico. Isolamentos em refúgios florestais durante o Pleistoceno e os impactos antrópicos recentes dentro da região analisada poderiam ser fatores adicionais para explicar a diferenciação encontrada.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-11-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:00:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 baeza_lc_dr_arafcf.pdf: 2250737 bytes, checksum: 666c7d374ebfa4ff8507fbfbe951a4b8 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / As dermatofitoses são processos infecciosos de pele, pêlo e unhas muito comuns no mundo inteiro. Trichophyton rubrum é o dermatófito mais freqüentemente isolado em lesões superficiais de pele e unha. Estudos envolvendo este patógeno são cada vez mais importantes devido ao aparecimento de linhagens resistentes aos medicamentos antifúngicos disponíveis no mercado e ao comportamento invasivo deste agente em pacientes com o sistema imune comprometido. Estes fatos e poucos estudos levam à necessidade de se ampliar o conhecimento sobre a biologia deste agente. Visando colaborar nesse sentido, o presente trabalho teve dois objetivos centrais: 1) Realizar a tipagem molecular de isolados clínicos de T. rubrum com e sem relação epidemiológica por RAPD (Amplificação Randômica de DNA Polimórfico) com duas seqüências randômicas diferentes (denominadas de 1 e 6), bem como a análise dos elementos repetitivos (TRS-1 e TRS-2) do espaço não transcrito (NTS) do DNA ribossomal (DNAr) e 2) Identificar transcritos envolvidos na interação deste patógeno com fonte humana de queratina, através do RDA (Análise de Diferença Representacional). A aplicação do RDA permitiu pela primeira vez a identificação de alguns transcritos expressos, provavelmente relacionados à patogênese deste microrganismo. / Dermatophytosis is common infection process which occurs in skin, hair and nails and Trichophyton rubrum is the most frequently isolated dermatophyte. Studies on this pathogen are becoming increasingly important because of frequent reports on resistant strains to antifungal drugs commercially available and the invasive behavior of these agents in immunocompromised patients. These facts, associated with few studies with this agent, indicate the need to expand the information about the fungal biology. As a contribution to this goal, the present study had two central objectives: 1) To compare different methodologies for molecular typing of clinical isolates of T. rubrum epidemiologically related and unrelated for RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) with two different random primers (denominated of 1 and 6); as well as the analysis of the repetitive elements (TRS-1 and TRS-2) of the space non-transcribed (NTS) of the ribosomal DNA (DNAr) and 2) To identify transcripts involved in the interaction of this pathogen with human keratin by RDA (Representational Difference Analysis). The application of the RDA allowed for the first time the identification of expressed transcripts during the microorganism proliferation that could be related to the T. rubrum virulence.

Dentro do gênero Adesmia, as técnicas moleculares ainda não foram empregadas na caracterização de germoplasma e na análise da diversidade genética das espécies brasileiras que compôem o gênero. Portanto os objetivos deste trabalho foram: caracterizar, com a utilização de marcador molecular do tipo RAPD, as espécies brasileiras do gênero Adesmia DC; com base nestas informações estabelecer relações de diversidade genética entre as espécies e os acessos analisados; relacionar dados de diversidade com dados morfológicos e de reprodução.