Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-10-25T22:35:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DESEMPENHO AGRON?MICO E REA??O DE GEN?TIPOS QUANTO A VIROSES DO MELOEIRO.pdf: 1692172 bytes, checksum: e8b64597d2500108ef071bf181d32a3f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-25T22:35:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DESEMPENHO AGRON?MICO E REA??O DE GEN?TIPOS QUANTO A VIROSES DO MELOEIRO.pdf: 1692172 bytes, checksum: e8b64597d2500108ef071bf181d32a3f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / In Brazil, the viruses are among the main phytosanitary problems affecting species of this family, causing reduction in fruit quality and significant loss in production. The aim of this study was to obtain and evaluate melon genotypes regarding their resistance to virus, but with emphasis on the Melon Yellowing (MYaV), their production capacity and their fruit quality. In the second half of 2014, two experiments were conducted in Bebedouro (Embrapa Semi?rido?s experimental field located in the city of Petrolina ? PE, Brazil), in the design of randomized blocks, constituted as follows: Experiment I, three replications and 24 treatments; Experiment II, six replications and seven treatments. In 2015, the Experiment III was conducted with three replications and 21 treatments. It was adopted the spacing 2.0 m x 0.5 m (Experiment I and II) and 2.0 m x 0.3 m (Experiment III). The sow was in polystyrene trays containing commercial substrate, which was kept in a greenhouse until the appearance of the first leaf stage, following what the transplanting was conducted. The incidence and severity of Melon Yellowing (MYaV) was evaluated with a rating scale of 0 to 4 (where 0 = no visual symptoms; 4 = severe yellowing in 75 up to 100% of the leaf area. In Experiment III (2015), was also made the estimation of total chlorophyll on the leaves and serological identification of the virus: Melon yellowing associated virus (MYaV) was by DAS-Elisa, Papaya ringspot virus - type watermelon (PRSV-W), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV ) by dot ? Elisa. After harvest, the fruits were evaluated regarding fruit mass (FM); fruit length (FL); fruit diameter (FD); aspect ratio (AR); pulp thickness (PT) and soluble solids. The lowest average for melon yellowing severity was shown by the Line 5 genotype (T4), the derivatives of Lineage 1 (Experiment I), BGMEL 160 (Experiment II) and BGMEL 109 (Experiment II and III). Among the genotypes, there are differences in the reaction to MYaV, ranging from highly resistant to highly susceptible. It's possible to select resistant genotypes to MYaV in BGMEL 109, GoldF2 Lineage, BGMEL 001, Lineage 8 and Lineage 1. Most of the genotypes analyzed came from the inodorus group, the yellow type, with yellow skin, but the skin color intensity ranged from medium to dark.The virus more often found was the MYaV, which justifies the concern of the productive sector with this virus. The severity of the Melon Yellowing is negatively correlated with the total chlorophyll on the leaves. For the breeding program, the note scale used in this study based on symptoms, associated with total chlorophyll measurements and serologic evaluation, are efficient tools for discriminating resistant and susceptible genotypes, making it possible to advance the breeding program for resistance to MYaV. / No Brasil, as viroses est?o entre os principais problemas fitossanit?rios que afetam esp?cies desta fam?lia, causando redu??o na qualidade dos frutos e perda significativa na produ??o. O objetivo deste trabalho foi obter e avaliar gen?tipos de mel?o quanto ?s caracter?sticas resist?ncia a viroses, mas com ?nfase no Amarel?o do meloeiro (MYaV), capacidade produtiva e qualidade de fruto. No segundo semestre de 2014, foram conduzidos dois experimentos no Campo Experimental de Bebedouro da Embrapa Semi?rido, localizado no munic?pio de Petrolina-PE, sob o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, assim constitu?dos: Experimento I, tr?s repeti??es e 24 tratamentos; Experimento II, seis repeti??es e sete tratamentos. Em 2015, foi conduzido o Experimento III, com tr?s repeti??es e 21 tratamentos. Adotou-se o espa?amento 2,0 m x 0,5 m (Experimento I e II) e 2,0 m x 0,3 m (Experimento III). O semeio foi em bandeja de poliestireno, contendo substrato comercial, mantidos em casa de vegeta??o at? o surgimento da primeira folha definitiva, quando foi realizado o transplantio. Avaliou-se a incid?ncia e a severidade do amarel?o (AMA), com uma escala de nota de 0 a 4 (onde, 0= aus?ncia de sintomas visuais; 4= amarelecimento acentuado em 75 a 100% da ?rea foliar). No Experimento III (2015), tamb?m foram determinados a clorofila total e foi realizada a identifica??o sorol?gica de Melon yellowing associated virus (MYaV), por DAS-Elisa, Papaya ringspot virus ? type Watermelon (PRSV-W), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) e Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), por dot ? Elisa. Ap?s a colheita, os frutos foram avaliados quanto ? massa do fruto (MF); comprimento do fruto (CF); di?metro do fruto (DF); rela??o de forma (RF); espessura da polpa (EP) e s?lidos sol?veis. Apresentaram as menores m?dias para severidade de amarel?o o gen?tipo da Linhagem 5, os derivados da Linhagem 1 (Experimento I), BGMEL 160 (Experimento II) e BGMEL 109 (Experimento II e III). Entre os gen?tipos avaliados, h? diferen?as quanto ? rea??o ao MYaV, variando de altamente resistente a altamente suscet?vel. ? poss?vel selecionar gen?tipos que com resist?ncia a esse v?rus em BGMEL 109, na Linhagem Gold F2, em BGMEL 001, na Linhagem 8 e na Linhagem 1. A maioria dos gen?tipos avaliados ? do grupo inodorus, do tipo Amarelo, com casca amarela, intensidade m?dia e escura. O v?rus encontrado como maior frequ?ncia foi o MYaV, o que justifica a preocupa??o do setor produtivo com este v?rus. A severidade do amarel?o est? correlacionada negativamente com a clorofila total das folhas. Para o programa de melhoramento, a escala de notas adotada no presente trabalho baseada nos sintomas, associada ?s medidas de clorofila total e ? avalia??o sorol?gica, s?o ferramentas eficientes para descriminar gen?tipos resistentes e suscet?veis, tornando poss?vel avan?ar no programa de melhoramento visando ? resist?ncia ao MYaV.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-22T19:16:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Aur?lio Ludovico de Almeida Martinez.pdf: 2604129 bytes, checksum: d6ebe0ec048ae2a4b877b584b5f65e6f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T19:16:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Aur?lio Ludovico de Almeida Martinez.pdf: 2604129 bytes, checksum: d6ebe0ec048ae2a4b877b584b5f65e6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-28 / CAPES / Originating from Americas, with Brazil as an important center of diversity, Capsicum occupies an important position among greenery. This study aimed to 1) to assess the genetic similarity and presence of duplicates; 2) to evaluate the resistance to anthracnose disease 3) screening viruses resistance in Capsicum baccatum accessions from Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Ceres genebank. The genetic similarity was determined by molecular characterization at Embrapa Recursos Gen?ticos e Biotecnologia through RAPD and ISSR markers and morphological descriptors defined for Capsicum spp. According to the molecular and morphological characterization it was confirm the genetic diversity among C. baccatum accessions and the lack of duplicates. The anthracnose resistance was evaluated at 50 and 120 days after the dispersion of pepper powder prepared from infected peppers, considering incidence (presence or absence of lesions in fruits) and disease severity (surface damage percentage to the surface total of fruit) through images processing of diseased fruits. The essay was carried out under field conditions, using augmented randomized complete block design with fifteen plants per plot and three commercial varieties as control. Significant difference was observed especially in disease severity between treatments in both periods observed. The viruses incidence was evaluated in two field experiments in the periods between June-December 2012 and January-June 2013. DAS-ELISA test was performed with absorbance reading at 405 nm on a plate reader, all symptomatic and four asymptomatic plants in all plots was sampled, at 180 days after transplanting in the first experiment, and 160 days after transplanting in second one. The Viruses evaluated were tobamovirus Pepper mild motle virus (PMMoV), the cucumovirus Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), the tospovirus Groundnut ring spot virus (GRSV), Tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV) and Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) and potyvirus Potato virus Y (PVY) and Pepper yellow mosaic virus (PepYMV). The percentage of incidence in the first and second period evaluated, were 30% e 7% PMMoV, 6% e 27% CMV, 8% e 12% PVY, 25% e 22% PepYMV, 10% e 2% GRSV, 11% e 0% TCSV, 0% e 11% TSWV. Virus were not detected several accessions studied and are potential sources of virus resistance that should be confirmed on resistance testing under controlled conditions. / Origin?rias das Am?ricas e tendo o Brasil como importante centro de diversidade, as pimentas do g?nero Capsicum ocupam posi??o de destaque entre as hortali?as. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos: 1) verificar a similaridade gen?tica e a presen?a de duplicatas; 2) avaliar a resist?ncia ? Colletotrichum spp.; e 3) avaliar a incid?ncia de viroses em acessos de Capsicum baccatum da cole??o de germoplasma do Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Ceres. A similaridade gen?tica foi determinada pela caracteriza??o molecular realizada na Embrapa Recursos Gen?ticos e Biotecnologia, por meio de marcadores ISSR e RAPD e descritores morfol?gicos definidos para Capsicum spp. De acordo com a caracteriza??o molecular e morfol?gica p?de-se verificar diversidade gen?tica entre os acessos C. baccatum e a inexist?ncia de duplicatas na cole??o. A resist?ncia ? antracnose foi avaliada aos 50 e 120 dias ap?s a dispers?o de p? de pimenta preparado a partir de frutos infectados, considerando incid?ncia (presen?a e aus?ncia de les?es no fruto) e severidade de doen?a (percentual de superf?cie de les?o em rela??o ? superf?cie total do fruto), a partir do processamento de imagens dos frutos doentes. A avalia??o foi realizada em condi??es de campo, utilizando desenho experimental em blocos completos casualizados aumentados com quinze plantas por parcela e tr?s variedades comerciais como testemunhas. Foi observada diferen?a significativa entre os tratamentos, especialmente na severidade da doen?a, nos dois per?odos observados. A incid?ncia de viroses foi avaliada em dois experimentos conduzidos em campo, nos per?odos entre junho a dezembro 2012 e janeiro a junho de 2013. Foi realizado teste DAS-Elisa, com leitura de absorb?ncia a 405 nm em leitora de placas, em amostras das plantas sintom?ticas e quatro plantas assintom?ticas em todas as parcelas. Os v?rus avaliados foram o tobamovirus Pepper mild motle virus (PMMoV), o cucumovirus Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), os tospovirus Groundnut ring spot virus (GRSV), Tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV) e Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) e os potyvirus Potato virus Y (PVY) e Pepper yelow mosaic virus (PepYMV). No per?odo de junho a dezembro de 2012, os v?rus detectados e respectivo percentual de incid?ncia foram PMMoV 30%, CMV 6%, PVY 8%, PepYMV 25%, GRSV 10%, TCSV 11%, TSWV 0%. J? no per?odo de janeiro a junho de 2013, o percentual de incid?ncia dos respectivos v?rus foram: PMMoV 7%, CMV 27%, PVY 12%, PepYMV 22%, GRSV 2%, TCSV 0% e TSWV 11%. Para todos os v?rus estudados, houveram acessos nos quais n?o foi detectada a presen?a do v?rus, com destaque para IFET 64 (n?o detectado PMMoV, CMV, PepYMV e PVY), IFET 273, (n?o detectados PMMoV, PVY, TSWV, TCSV e GRSV, IFET 19 (n?o detectado CMV, PVY, TSWV, TCSV e GRSV).

Submitted by M?rden L?les (marden.inacio@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-07-22T18:27:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) D?bora_Ara?jo_de _Carvalho.pdf: 1646528 bytes, checksum: 9dc491b7402a28d39731f09e2ae99069 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-07-25T17:36:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) D?bora_Ara?jo_de _Carvalho.pdf: 1646528 bytes, checksum: 9dc491b7402a28d39731f09e2ae99069 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-25T17:36:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) D?bora_Ara?jo_de _Carvalho.pdf: 1646528 bytes, checksum: 9dc491b7402a28d39731f09e2ae99069 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Canelas-preta s?o galinhas nativas brasileiras, encontradas no estado do Piau? e provavelmente em outros estados do Nordeste. Caracteriza-se por possuir carne de colora??o escura. Sua plumagem ? predominantemente preta, com varia??es de cores na regi?o do pesco?o (branco, dourado e preto) e a cor do dorso ? preta. S?o criadas em sistema tradicionais, a campo. S?o aves que apresentam pouca exig?ncia em manejo, aparentemente s?o r?sticas e resistentes ?s doen?as e parasitas. Objetivou-se caracterizar geneticamente com uso de doze loci de microssat?lites as galinhas nativas Canelas-Preta do estado do Piau? e, tamb?m, caracterizar e analisar a diversidade fenot?pica dessas aves com base em descritores fenot?picos. Para caracteriza??o gen?tica e fenot?pica foram utilizadas, respectivamente, 118 e 116 aves de tr?s munic?pios do estado. Para as an?lises gen?ticas foram utilizados 12 loci de microssat?lites e para as an?lises fenot?picas foram usados 32 descritores morfol?gicos, sendo 21 quantitativos e 11 qualitativos. Para o estudo gen?tico foram estimadas frequ?ncias al?licas em cada loco, heterozigosidades esperada (He) e observada (Ho), ocorr?ncia do equil?brio de Hardy-Weinberg, n?mero efetivo de popula??es e valores de PIC. Tamb?m foram realizadas as an?lises da estat?stica F pela an?lise do FIS (coeficiente de endogamia), AMOVA e componentes principais. Foi gerada uma matriz de dissimilaridade, gr?fico de dispers?o. A an?lise de estrutura populacional foi realizada usando o software STRUCTURE. Na caracteriza??o fenot?pica, os caracteres quantitativos foram submetidos a uma an?lise de vari?ncia. A an?lise estat?stica foi feita utilizando o m?todo dos quadrados m?nimos tendo sido realizadas an?lise da m?dia, m?nimo, m?ximo e coeficiente de varia??o de cada vari?vel e para cada n?cleo. A diversidade gen?tica foi obtida por meio da an?lise de agrupamento. As galinhas nativas Canelas-Preta, apresentaram elevada variabilidade gen?tica para os loci analisados, o que mostra a conserva??o desse material gen?tico. Foi poss?vel verificar a exist?ncia de alta variabilidade gen?tica intrapopulacional, o que indica que os n?cleos foram formados com suficiente variabilidade gen?tica (efeito fundador). Essa elevada diferencia??o gen?tica dentro das popula??es somada a baixa diferencia??o entre as popula??es, permite afirmar que os indiv?duos analisados pertencem a ?nico grupo gen?tico. As galinhas Canelas-Preta apresentam caracter?sticas de aves nativas, uma vez que mostraram semelhan?a nas distribui??es dos descritores qualitativos entre os n?cleos amostrados e varia??o na frequ?ncia desses descritores dentro de cada n?cleo, isso a caracteriza como ra?a e fenotipicamente estruturada, com padr?es uniformes. Possuem caracter?sticas fenot?picas quantitativas de elevado, m?dio e pequeno coeficiente de varia??o, que revela a riqueza genica da ra?a e as qualifica para programas de conserva??o, utiliza??o e melhoramento dos recursos gen?ticos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / ABSTRACT Canelas-preta are Brazilian native chickens, found in the state of Piau? and probably in other states of the Northeast, characterized by having dark colored meat. The plumage is predominantly black with color variations in the hackle (white, gold and black) and the back color is black. These birds are raised in extensive system, allowing little demand in management, being apparently rustics and resistant to diseases and parasites. This study aimed to characterize genetically Canelas-Preta native chickens of the Piau? state by using twelve microsatellite loci and also to characterize and analyze the phenotypic diversity of these birds based on phenotypic descriptors. For genetic and phenotypic characterization were used, respectively, 118 and 116 birds from three towns of the state. For the genetic analyzes were used 12 microsatellite loci and for phenotypic analyzes were used 32 morphological descriptors: 21 quantitative and 11 qualitative. For the genetic study, allele frequencies at each locus, expected heterozygosity (He) and observed (Ho), the occurrence of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, effective number of populations and PIC values were estimated. Furthermore, also it have been carried out F statistical analyzes by the analysis of FIS (inbreeding coefficient), AMOVA and main components. One dissimilarity matrix and a scatter plot were generated. The population structure analysis was performed using the STRUCTURE software. In the phenotypic characterization, quantitative characters were subjected to an analysis of variance. The statistical analysis was done by using the method of least squares, the analysis of average, minimum, maximum and coefficient of variation of each variable and for each core was performed. Genetic diversity was obtained by cluster analysis. The Canelas-Preta native chickens presented a high genetic variability for the loci analyzed, which shows the conservation of this genetic material. It was possible to verify the existence of high intrapopulation genetic variability, indicating that the nuclei were formed with sufficient genetic variability (founder effect). This high genetic differentiation within populations coupled with lower differentiation among populations, allows affirming that individuals analyzed belong to single genetic group. The Canelas-Preta native chicken have characteristics of native birds, once there was demonstration of similarity in the distributions of qualitative descriptors between sampled cores and variation in the frequency of those descriptors within each core, so this characterize the Canelas-Preta as a phenotypically structured breed with uniform patterns. This breed has quantitative phenotypic characteristics of high, medium and low coefficient of variation, which reveals its genetic wealth and qualify them for conservation programs, use and improvement of genetic resources.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2017-12-18T21:43:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_KamilaSobral.pdf: 1457947 bytes, checksum: 7c9ac5d23b1be9a47d34674e0490c6bf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-18T21:43:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_KamilaSobral.pdf: 1457947 bytes, checksum: 7c9ac5d23b1be9a47d34674e0490c6bf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / The genetic variability of the species Cocos nucifera L. that existing in Brazil is conserved in the International Coconut Germplasm Bank for Latin America and Caribe (ICG-LAC), which is located in the counties of Neopolis and Itaporanga d?Ajuda in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Since from the establishment of the ICG-LAC some studies were carried out. However, this germplasm needs to be studied in depth comprising the morphoagronomical characterization, chemical and molecular evaluation in order to allow to estimate the genetic variability of the accessions. Thus, the aim of this work was to characterize morphologically coconut accessions (dwarfs and talls). The trials were carried out with eight tall coconut accessions in one cycle of production using 34 quantitative descriptors and with six dwarf coconut accessions in three cycles of production using 19 descriptors of fruits and 11 leave descriptors. The data obtained were subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses using the software GENES and Selegem. Among the accessions of tall coconuts the most dissimilar ones considering the morphoagronomical characters were Gigante-de-Rotuma and Gigante-do-Oeste Africano and they can be indicated as parents for coconut breeding programs. It was also found a great genetic variability among the coconut dwarf accessions of the ICG-LAC Bank, and this divergence was found to be consistent in the individual and joint analyses, including an analysis of maximum likelihood restricted (REML) taking into account a sample of morphological descriptors. The 14 coconut accessions (eight tall and six dwarfs) were used to perform a chemical evaluation of oil and their components in a cycle of crop production in two different field trials. It was found that some dwarf coconut accessions presented values of oil content similar to coconut tall accessions. Therefore, the best accessions can be exploited for coconut water as well as for production of oil and they can be selected as potential superior parents to be used in coconut breeding program. / A variabilidade gen?tica da esp?cie Cocos nucifera, L. existente no Brasil est? conservada no Banco Internacional de Germoplasma de Coco para Am?rica Latina e Caribe (ICG-LAC), localizado em Ne?polis e Itaporanga d?Ajuda em Sergipe, Brasil. Desde a implementa??o do ICG-LAC alguns estudos t?m sido realizados. No entanto, esse germoplasma precisa ser estudado em profundidade desde a caracteriza??o morfoagron?mica, qu?mica e molecular para se estimar a diversidade gen?tica dos acessos. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar e avaliar morfoagronomicamente e quimicamente acessos de coqueiro-an?o e gigantes. Os experimentos foram conduzidos com oito acessos de coqueiros-gigantes em um ciclo de cultura e usando 34 descritores quantitativos e com seis acessos de coqueiros-an?es em tr?s ciclos da cultura utilizando-se 19 descritores de frutos e 11 descritores de folha. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a an?lises univariadas e multivariadas usando o programa GENES e Selegem. Entre os acessos de coqueiros-gigantes avaliados os mais dissimilares pelas caracter?sticas agron?micas foram o Gigante-de-Rotuma e Gigante-do-Oeste-Africano, e estes podem ser indicados como genitores para programas de melhoramento. Foi encontrada tamb?m encontrada variabilidade gen?tica entre os acessos de coqueiro-an?o do banco ICG-LAC, diverg?ncia essa que se mostrou consistente nas an?lises individuais e conjuntas, incluindo uma an?lise de m?xima verossimilhan?a restrita (REML) usando uma amostra descritores morfol?gicos. Os 14 acessos de coqueiros (oito de gigantes e seis de an?es) foram analisados quanto ao teor de ?leo e seus componentes em um ciclo de cultura em dois experimentos separados. Constatou-se que alguns acessos de coqueiros-an?es apresentaram teor de ?leo pr?ximos dos valores obtidos pelos coqueiros-gigantes. Assim, os melhores acessos podem ser explorados tanto para ?gua de coco como para a produ??o de ?leo e s?o parentais potenciais para uso em programas de melhoramento do coqueiro.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-07-11T23:39:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-Ronaldo SOliveira_2015.pdf: 1819214 bytes, checksum: da69b4c584e3e9304788bb2b45091d51 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-11T23:39:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-Ronaldo SOliveira_2015.pdf: 1819214 bytes, checksum: da69b4c584e3e9304788bb2b45091d51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The aim of this work was to organize a Forage Germplasm Bank in the State University of Feira de Santana-BA (BGF-UEFS), to carry out a survey of the occurrence of species of Stylosanthes and do pre-breeding studies in a sample of accessions collected in the Semiarid of Bahia from 2008 and 2014. Five collection expeditions in different Semiarid regions of the State was done as an attempt to rescue the maximum genetic variability available. For the pre-breeding work, 25 accessions of Stylosanthes plus a control were utilized. The methods of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Restricted Maximum Likelihood/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (REML/BLUP) were used. The genetic parameters were estimated in order to choose the most precise method to select the best individuals for a breeding program. Finally, it was studied the genetic diversity in order to choose the best combinations to develop segregating populations in a breeding program of Stylosanthes. In total, 225 accessions of Stylosanthes spp. were rescued in the state of Bahia, being 61 from de Northeast of the state, 58 from the Mid North, 59 from S?o Francisco Valley, 24 from the Mid South and 23 from the Far West. The estimates of the genetic parameters showed that the methods (ANOVA and REML/BLUP) presented divergent values. The REML/BLUP estimated the genetic values with better accuracy, increased the efficiency of selection and therefore decreased the cost of a given breeding program that has the objective to increase the mass production in Stylosanthes. In a sample of the analyzed accessions, four species were found (S. scabra, S. humilis, S. viscosa and S. capitata). Genetic variability among the accessions and the clusters of Tocher and UPGMA were basically defined by the botanical species and some of them were superior for mass production (BGF08-16 and BGF06-15) and for forage quality (BGF08- 006 and BGF08-007). / O objetivo deste trabalho foi organizar um Banco de Germoplasma de Forrageiras da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, BA (BGF-UEFS), realizar o levantamento da ocorr?ncia de esp?cies do g?nero Stylosanthes e conduzir um estudo de Pr?-melhoramento em uma amostra de acessos coletados no Semi?rido baiano entre os anos de 2008 a 2014. Foram realizadas cinco expedi??es de coleta em diferentes regi?es do Estado procurando resgatar o m?ximo da variabilidade gen?tica dispon?vel. Para os estudos de pr?-melhoramento foram utilizados 25 acessos de Stylosanthes mais uma testemunha. Por meio dos m?todos de an?lise de vari?ncia (ANOVA) e M?xima Verossimilhan?a Restrita/Melhor Predi??o Linear n?o Viesada (REML/BLUP) foram estimados os par?metros gen?ticos, procurando indicar qual o m?todo mais preciso na sele??o dos melhores indiv?duos para um programa de melhoramento. Por fim, realizou-se o estudo da diversidade gen?tica no intuito de indicar as melhores combina??es para formar as popula??es segregantes do programa de melhoramento gen?tico dessa forrageira. Foram resgatados 225 acessos de Stylosanthes spp. de cinco mesorregi?es da Bahia, dos quais 61 foram do Nordeste baiano, 58 do Centro Norte baiano, 59 oriundos do Vale S?o Franciscano da Bahia, 24 resgatados no Centro Sul Baiano e 23 acessos no extremo Oeste Baiano. A estimativa dos par?metros gen?ticos mostrou que os m?todos (ANOVA e REML/BLUP) apresentaram valores divergentes sendo que o REML/BLUP estima os valores gen?ticos com maior acur?cia, aumenta a efici?ncia da sele??o e consequentemente diminui os custos dos programas de melhoramento gen?tico que objetivam aumentar a produ??o de massa em Stylosanthes. Em uma amostra de acessos analisada foram identificadas quatro esp?cies (S. scabra, S. humilis, S. viscosa e S. capitata). Foi observada variabilidade gen?tica entre os acessos avaliados e os agrupamentos de Tocher e UPGMA foram definidos quase que pela identifica??o bot?nica das esp?cies, sendo que os acessos BGF08-16 e BGF06-15 se mostraram superiores para produ??o de massa e os acessos BGF08- 006 e BGF08-007 para a qualidade de forragem.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-07-13T23:53:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o final_completa_pdf.pdf: 1029289 bytes, checksum: 67d8eb9bd97c05071808a15be37032a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T23:53:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o final_completa_pdf.pdf: 1029289 bytes, checksum: 67d8eb9bd97c05071808a15be37032a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The objective of this study was to characterize morfoagronomicamente buffel grass accesses the active germplasm bank (BAG) of Cenchrus of the Embrapa Semi?rido checking the variability and efficiency of characters in carrier two consecutive cuts. We used 26 hits and 4 buffel grass cultivars in randomized blocks with three replications and with plot nine plants per access, taking as the central portion useful plant in the plot. The evaluations were performed after two cuts of the aerial part of Buffel grass, each evaluation was performed 90 days after each cut. The characterization of the accessions was based on 15 quantitative and qualitative morphological descriptors. Quantitative descriptors were submitted to analysis of individual and combined variance, considering the two cuts of treatment and then applied the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. Qualitative descriptors were submitted to descriptive analysis. For divergence analyzes both quantitative and qualitative descriptors were grouped using the methods of Tocher and UPGMA from the Mahalanobis distance (D2). In addition, a dendrogram and calculated the relative importance of characters for the divergence. In the combined analysis, the effects of access and cutting were significant for almost all the features. This result indicates genetic heterogeneity among the accessions and the felling indicates mainly differences in management culture conditions and growth rate of each access in each mowing season. It was also observed significant effect of genotype x environment interaction at 1% probability for three descriptors (NPT, and LIN QIN) and other descriptors (APL, ECO, COF, LFO and CIN) these effects were not significant. The accessions were separated into two groups, the first consisting of 25 hits and 4 cultivars and the second composed of the access 138. The number of tillers / shoot, followed by number of inflorescence and color of the seeds were the most relevant characters in separation of access. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar morfoagronomicamente acessos de capim buffel do Banco ativo de germoplasma (BAG) de Cenchrus da Embrapa Semi?rido verificando a variabilidade e efici?ncia dos caracteres nos acessos em dois cortes consecutivos. Foram utilizados 26 acessos e quatro cultivares de capim buffel em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com tr?s repeti??es com parcela de nove plantas por acesso, tomando como parcela ?til a planta central dentro da parcela. As avalia??es foram realizadas ap?s dois cortes da parte a?rea do capim buffel, cada avalia??o foi realizada 90 dias ap?s cada corte. A caracteriza??o dos acessos foi realizada com base em 15 descritores morfoagron?micos quantitativos e qualitativos. Os descritores quantitativos foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia univariada individual e conjunta, considerando os dois cortes dos tratamentos e, em seguida, aplicado o teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Os descritores qualitativos foram submetidos a an?lise descritiva. Para as an?lises de diverg?ncia tanto descritores quantitativos quanto qualitativos foram agrupados utilizando-se os m?todos de Tocher e UPGMA, a partir da dist?ncia generalizada de Mahalanobis (D2). Foi estabelecido tamb?m um dendograma e calculada a import?ncia relativa dos caracteres para a diverg?ncia. Na an?lise conjunta, os efeitos de acesso e corte foram significativos para quase todas as caracter?sticas. Esse resultado indica heterogeneidade gen?tica entre os acessos e quanto ao corte indica, principalmente, diferen?as nas condi??es de manejo da cultura e da velocidade de crescimento de cada acesso em cada ?poca de corte. Tamb?m foi observado efeito significativo da intera??o gen?tipos x ambientes ao n?vel de 1% de probabilidade para tr?s descritores (NPT, LIN e QIN) e para os demais descritores (APL, ECO, COF, LFO e CIN) estes efeitos n?o foram significativos. Os acessos foram separados em dois grandes grupos, o primeiro composto por 25 acessos e quatro cultivares e o segundo composto apenas pelo acesso 138. O n?mero de perfilhos/touceira, seguida por quantidade de infloresc?ncia e cor das sementes foram os caracteres de maior relev?ncia na separa??o dos acessos.