Reuse of components as opposed to material recovery, recycling or disposal has been identified as one of the most efficient EOL strategies for products. The concept behind reuse is that some components and subassemblies have a design life that exceeds the life of the product itself. In order for reuse to be successfully implemented as an EOL strategy, a designer needs to incorporate into a product a philosophy of Design for Reuse (DfRe) at the early design stage. Reliable methods to assess the remaining life of used components based on a products usage life are also required. Furthermore, current industry practices and literature advocate that there is no methodology to decide which parameters need to be redesigned so as to change the life of a selected component to a desired level. The objective of this research is to develop a methodology to assess the reuse potential of product groups based on component failure mechanisms and their associated critical lifetime prediction design parameters. Utilising these clustered groups mathematical models were then developed to establish the useful life of the components for each clustered group. Finally, a means of equating useful life to design life was established and the relationship between, the failure mechanisms, critical lifetime prediction design parameters and design life were represented in graphical format. In order to achieve the proposed objective, Cluster analysis, in particular Group Technology (GT) and Hierarchical clustering were employed to group components with similar failure mechanisms. Following this, multiple linear regression was used to establish mathematical models based on condition monitoring data for each of the clustered groups and their related critical lifetime prediction design parameters. A sensitivity analysis was conducted using the mathematical models, in order to produce graphical relations between the useful life and design parameters of a product. The validity of the suggested methodology was tested on electric motors and a gearbox as both these components have demonstrated great reuse potential. The results demonstrate that the methodology can assist designers in estimating the design life and associated design parameters with great accuracy, and subsequently aiding in a stratagem for reuse.

Today, a large quantity of waste is generated from the replacement of residential and commercial roofs. Many of the roofs being upgraded with previously constructed from asphalt shingles. Recycled Asphalt Shingles (RAS) contain nearly 30% of asphalt cement by mass, which can be a useful additive to asphalt pavements. In addition, shingles can offer significant potential savings through recycling and recovery as a construction material in flexible pavement. Currently, one and a half million tons of roofing shingle waste is generated each year in Canada related to the replacement of residential and commercial roofs and 90% of this valuable material is sent to landfills. If engineered properly, the addition of RAS into Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) can provide significant benefits. The University of Waterloo’s Centre for Pavement and Transportation Technology (CPATT) is committed to working with public and private sector partners to develop sustainable technologies for the pavement industry. Using RAS in HMA can lead to economical, environmental and social benefits. Examples of which are reduced waste going to landfills and a reduction in the quantity of virgin material required. This research has involved the Ontario Centres of Excellence (OCE) and Miller Paving Limited. It was conducted to evaluate the performance of HMA containing RAS in both field and laboratory tests. A varying percentage of RAS was added to six common Ontario surface and binder layer of asphalt mixes. The intent was to determine if RAS could be added to improve performance and provide longer term cost savings. Laboratory testing was performed to evaluate the mix behavior. The elastic properties, fatigue life and resistance to thermal cracking were all evaluated at the CPATT laboratory. The characteristics of the mixes were evaluated by carrying out Dynamic Modulus, Resilient Modulus, Flexural Fatigue and Thermal Stress Restrained Specimen Test (TSRST) tests following American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. Field test sections were constructed from HMA containing RAS to monitor the pavement behavior under natural environmental and traffic loading conditions. Evaluation of the field sites was performed using a Portable Falling Weight Deflectometer (PFWD) and carrying out distress surveys following the Ministry of Transportation Ontario (MTO) guidelines. The results to date show the sections performing very well with minimal to no distress developing. The results of the laboratory testing and field performance evaluations have shown encouraging results for the future use of RAS in HMA. If RAS can properly be engineered into HMA it can be a useful additive in both the surface and binder layers of the flexible pavement structure. Ultimately, the use of RAS in HMA can provide both an environmentally friendly and cost effective solution to the Ontario paving industry.

Due to the 15-20 year life span of roofing shingles, 1.5 million tonnes of asphalt roofing shingles are being demolished and replaced annually in Canada from both residential and commercial facilities. These roofing shingles are manufactured from very high quality materials which are considered a valuable by-product. Recycled Asphalt Shingles (RAS), a product containing approximately 30% asphalt cement by mass, is a valuable additive to Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) pavements and a potential savings for the construction industry. Recycling of demolished asphalt shingles is a significant new step forward in abating the need to put the waste into landfills. This re-use creates a great opportunity in reducing materials being dumped at landfills while providing an additive to HMA mixtures for paving. Therefore, this leads to economic, environmental, and social benefits for all the stakeholders and road users such as reduced need for landfill space, conservation of virgin materials and environment, and financial saving. The research involved evaluating the use of demolished shingles in six typical Ontario Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) mixtures; HL 3 (1.5% RAS, 13.5% RAP), binder layer mixes SP19 (6% RAS, and 3% RAS, 25% RAP), surface layer mixes SP12.5 FC 1(3% RAS, 17% RAP) and SP12.5 FC2 (6% RAS and 3% RAS, 12% RAP). The six HMA mixes were also designed to contain Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP). This further complicated the research as both RAP and RAS were added. All mixes were designed and tested at CPATT laboratory; in addition a test section was paved at the CPATT Test Track. This research involved both laboratory and field evaluations of mixes containing RAS to develop pavement performance modeling for all six mixes using the updated Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). A life-cycle assessment of the six HMA mixes was performed to quantify the environmental impacts using the Pavement Life-Cycle Assessment Tool for Environmental and Economic Effects (PaLATE) and rigorous economic costs/benefits were assessed using Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA). Calibrations of models for Ontario conditions were completed. Test slabs were also constructed to simulate climatic changes by running freeze-thaw cycles based on weather data over the past ten years. Three field test sections located in the Town of Markham and one at the CPATT Test Track were monitored and assessed under as part of the research. Regular pavement condition assessments were carried out on all the test sections by performing non-destructive tests using a Portable Falling Weight Deflectometer (PFWD) and distress survey in accordance with the Ministry of Transportation (MTO) guidelines. The CPATT Test Track was evaluated with both the PFWD and surface distresses, whereas only distress surveys were performed on the three residential streets in the Town of Markham. The evaluations demonstrated that the pavements were in good conditions throughout the monitoring period of the research (four years for the three residential streets in the Town of Markham and two years for the CPATT Test Track). The structural analysis using the MEPDG indicated that Mix 3: SP19 3% RAS and 25% RAP had the best performance followed by Mix 2: SP19 6% RAS when considering all factors in the Life-Cycle Assessment. Mix 3 exhibited maximum savings on environmental emissions, energy and water usage, best adoptability to climatic change and skid resistance properties with minimal life cycle costs. The pavement performance and life-cycle assessment modeling demonstrated encouraging results for the use of RAS in HMA pavements from which guidelines were developed for its use. It is important to note that careful mix design should be carried out when RAS is added to HMA especially when RAP is also used. This includes measuring of all key properties especially at low and high temperatures. In short, RAS can be a valuable additive in both surface and binder layers of HMA pavements. It provides an environmentally friendly and cost-effective innovation for the Ontario paving industry and can be considered for usage elsewhere with appropriate engineering.

Sustainable resource management and development have been at the forefront of important issues concerning the construction industry for the past several years. Specifically, the use of sustainable building materials and the reuse and recycling of previously used building materials is gaining acceptance and becoming common place in many areas. As one of the most commonly used building materials in the world, concrete, composed of aggregate, sand, cement and water, can be recycled and reused in a variety of applications. Using crushed concrete as fill and subgrade material under roads, sidewalks and foundations has been the most common of these applications. However, research has been ongoing over the past 50 years in many countries including Germany, Canada, Japan, the United States, China, and Australia investigating the use of crushed concrete from demolished old concrete structures to fully or partially replace the virgin aggregate used to produce new concrete for use in building and pavement applications. Producing concrete using recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) has several advantages, namely, the burden placed on non-renewable aggregate resources may be significantly decreased, the service life and capacity of landfill and waste management facilities can be extended, and the carbon dioxide emissions and traffic congestion associated with the transport of virgin aggregates from remote sites can be reduced. This research is directed at benchmarking typical RCA sources for usage in structural concrete and investigating the inter-relationships between aggregate properties, concrete properties and the bond properties between reinforcing steel and RCA concrete. The experimental program focused on four main areas: aggregate properties testing, development of concrete mixture proportions, concrete fresh and hardened properties testing, and beam-end bond testing. Four coarse aggregate sources were investigated including one virgin or natural aggregate (NA) source, and three RCA sources. Two RCA sources were derived from the crushing of decommissioned building and pavement structures (RCA-1 and RCA-2) while the third source was derived from the crushing of returned ready-mix concrete (RCA-3). A variety of typical and non-typical aggregate tests were performed to provide a basis for correlation with fresh and hardened concrete properties results. A total of 24 concrete mixtures were developed and divided into three separate categories, 1) control, 2) direct replacement, and 3) strength-based mixtures. The control mixtures were proportioned to achieve compressive strengths of 30, 40, 50 and 60MPa with slump values between 75 and 125 mm and served as a basis for comparison with the RCA concrete mixtures. The direct replacement mixtures were developed to investigate the effect that fully replacing (i.e., 100% replacement by volume) virgin coarse aggregate with RCA has on the fresh and hardened properties of the resulting concrete. The strength-based mixtures were developed to investigate the influence of aggregate properties on reinforcement bond in concrete having the same compressive strength. In addition, two separate experimental phases were carried out which had varying compressive strength ranges, different RCA sources, and different suppliers of the same type GU cement. Concrete properties such as slump, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, linear coefficient of thermal expansion (LCTE), modulus of rupture and fracture energy were all measured. In total, 48 beam-end specimens were tested that incorporated three bonded lengths (125, 375, and 450 mm) and four concrete compressive strengths (30, 40, 50 and 60 MPa). Based on the results of the aggregate testing it was found that concrete incorporating pre-soaked (i.e., fully saturated) RCA as a 100% replacement for natural aggregate had slump values between 22% and 75%, compressive strengths between 81% and 137%, splitting tensile strengths between 78% and 109%, modulus of elasticity values between 81% and 98%, LCTE values in the same range, flexural strengths between 85% and 136%, and fracture energies between 68% and 118%, of the equivalent control (natural aggregate) concrete mixture. Overall, reductions in bond strength between natural aggregate and RCA concrete ranged between 3 and 21%. The strength of coarse aggregate as quantified by the aggregate crushing value (ACV) was found to be the most significant aggregate property for influencing bond strength. A regression model (based on the beam-end specimens test results) was developed to extrapolate the experimental development lengths as a function of f’c1/4 and ACV. The model, while not intended for use as a design equation, predicted that the required development lengths for the RCA concrete tested as part of this research study were up to 9% longer as compared to the natural aggregate concrete. A detailed flowchart of the various inter-relationships between aggregate properties, concrete properties and reinforced concrete bond properties was compiled based on the results of this research. A comprehensive guideline for use of RCA in concrete was developed based on the findings of this research. It includes a systematic decision tree approach for assessing whether a particular RCA source can be categorized into one of three performance classes. The range of allowable applications of a concrete which incorporates the RCA source as replacement of natural coarse aggregate will depend on the RCA performance class.

The effects of using alkali-silica reaction (ASR) affected recycled concrete aggregate (ASR-RCA) in hot mix asphalt (HMA) were investigated in this study. Dilatometer and modified beam tests were performed to determine the possibility of new ASR occurring in reactive aggregates within the HMA or re-expansion of existing gel. The Lottman test and micro-calorimeter were used to determine the moisture susceptibility of HMA made with ASR-RCA. A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to evaluate the drying of an artificial gel and x-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to check for the potential presence of gel in the filler fraction of the ASR-RCAs. Micro-deval and freeze-thaw tests were evaluated for their potential to indicate the presence of excess micro-cracks or ASR gel. Expansion testing indicated that both ASR-RCAs were still reactive with 0.5 N NaOH solution saturated with calcium hydroxide (CH) at 60 degrees C. Dilatometer testing of HMA specimens in NaOH CH solution at 60 degrees C indicated a reaction between the asphalt binder and the solution, but little, if any, ASR. The lack of expansion in the modified beam test supports the binder-solution interaction. However, dilatometer testing in deicer solution at the same temperature indicated that some ASR may have occurred along with the primary binder-solution interaction. The volume change characteristics associated with the binder-solution interaction with and without ASR was supported by the change in pH and alkali concentration of the test solution. DSC/TGA testing indicated that the artificial gel dehydrated at approximately 100 degrees C. XRD analysis of the filler indicated that some gel may have accumulated in this fraction. Moisture damage testing indicated good resistance to moisture damage by HMA mixtures made with ASR-RCA especially compared to a virgin siliceous aggregate. Micro-deval and freeze-thaw tests can detect the presence of micro-cracks due to ASR in ASR-RCAs as higher mass loss than the virgin aggregate. The potential distress mechanisms that may occur when using ASR-RCA in an HMA pavement were identified. Results obtained using accelerated laboratory conditions were extrapolated based on anticipated field conditions. Guidelines for the mitigation of potential distresses in HMA made with ASR-RCA are presented.

Thesis (M. L. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes special report study entitled: The investigation of applying recycle material in landscape architecture. Includes bibliographical references.

Disertacijos tikslas – pateikti moksliškai pagrįstą komponentų sąveikos dinamikos modelį ir jos rezultatus, leidžiančius projektuoti bei gaminti kokybiškus karštai maišytus asfalto mišinius su Lietuvos kelių dangoms naudoto asfalto granulėmis. Disertacijoje sprendžiami šie pagrindiniai uždaviniai: − Atlikti paiešką, surinkti, dalykiškai susisteminti ir išanalizuoti mokslo darbus, kuriuose tiriama: asfaltinės dangos irties veiksniai ir jų įtaka naudotam asfaltui; senų ir naujų medžiagų sąveika; regeneruoto asfalto mišinio savybės; regeneravimo proceso technologijos. − Sumodeliuoti naudoto asfalto homogeniškumą lemiančius veiksnius. − Sumodeliuoti dviejų rūšių sumaišyto bitumo ar kitos atnaujinančiosios medžiagos teorinę klampą ir seno bei naujo bitumų maišymosi dėl difuzijos dvisluoksnėje plėvelėje dinamiką. − Pateikti susistemintus asfaltinės dangos regeneravimo principus. − Surinkti duomenis apie Lietuvoje išgaunamo naudoto asfalto kiekių dinamiką bėgant metams. − Ištyrinėti Lietuvos keliuose ir miesto gatvėse frezuoto bei išlaužto ir sutrupinto naudoto asfalto granulių komponentines sudėtis ir savybes. − Nustatyti pridedamo atnaujinančio bitumo rūšies ir procentinio kiekio įtaką regeneruoto karštai maišyto asfalto (KMA) mišinio fiziniams ir mechaniniams Maršalo rodikliams, taip pat regeneruoto suminio bitumo savybėms. − Nustatyti su skirtingu kiekiu naudoto asfalto granulėmis regeneruoto KMA mišinio atsparumą vėžių susidarymui. − Pateikti naujus deterministinio ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The purpose of the dissertation is to provide a science-based model of the interaction dynamics among the components and the results of this interaction, which shall help to design and to produce high quality hot-mix asphalt mixtures with granules of recycled asphalt pavement of Lithuanian roads. The main objectives of the dissertation: – To conduct the research, to collect, systemized and analyzed scientific works discussing the factors of asphalt pavement distresses and their influence on the performance of recycled asphalt, the interaction between old and virgin materials, the properties of recycled asphalt pavement mixture, and the recycling process technologies. – To model the factors determining the homogeneity of recycled asphalt pavement. – To model the theoretical viscosity for two types of blended bitumen or for another rejuvenator, and the dynamics of old and virgin bitumen mixing due to the diffusion process occurring in the two-layer film. – To provide systemized principles of asphalt pavement recycling. – To collect the data to show the dynamics of the amount of recycled asphalt pavement used in Lithuanian over the years. – To study the component composition and properties of granules of milled, broken and crushed recycled asphalt taken from Lithuanian roads and city streets. – To determine the influence of rejuvenating bitumen type and its percentage amount on physical and mechanical Marshall Parameters of recycled hot-mix asphalt mixture and on the properties... [to full text]

The purpose of the dissertation is to provide a science-based model of the interaction dynamics among the components and the results of this interaction, which shall help to design and to produce high quality hot-mix asphalt mixtures with granules of recycled asphalt pavement of Lithuanian roads. The main objectives of the dissertation: – To conduct the research, to collect, systemized and analyzed scientific works discussing the factors of asphalt pavement distresses and their influence on the performance of recycled asphalt, the interaction between old and virgin materials, the properties of recycled asphalt pavement mixture, and the recycling process technologies. – To model the factors determining the homogeneity of recycled asphalt pavement. – To model the theoretical viscosity for two types of blended bitumen or for another rejuvenator, and the dynamics of old and virgin bitumen mixing due to the diffusion process occurring in the two-layer film. – To provide systemized principles of asphalt pavement recycling. – To collect the data to show the dynamics of the amount of recycled asphalt pavement used in Lithuanian over the years. – To study the component composition and properties of granules of milled, broken and crushed recycled asphalt taken from Lithuanian roads and city streets. – To determine the influence of rejuvenating bitumen type and its percentage amount on physical and mechanical Marshall Parameters of recycled hot-mix asphalt mixture and on the properties... [to full text] / Disertacijos tikslas – pateikti moksliškai pagrįstą komponentų sąveikos dinamikos modelį ir jos rezultatus, leidžiančius projektuoti bei gaminti kokybiškus karštai maišytus asfalto mišinius su Lietuvos kelių dangoms naudoto asfalto granulėmis. Disertacijoje sprendžiami šie pagrindiniai uždaviniai: − Atlikti paiešką, surinkti, dalykiškai susisteminti ir išanalizuoti mokslo darbus, kuriuose tiriama: asfaltinės dangos irties veiksniai ir jų įtaka naudotam asfaltui; senų ir naujų medžiagų sąveika; regeneruoto asfalto mišinio savybės; regeneravimo proceso technologijos. − Sumodeliuoti naudoto asfalto homogeniškumą lemiančius veiksnius. − Sumodeliuoti dviejų rūšių sumaišyto bitumo ar kitos atnaujinančiosios medžiagos teorinę klampą ir seno bei naujo bitumų maišymosi dėl difuzijos dvisluoksnėje plėvelėje dinamiką. − Pateikti susistemintus asfaltinės dangos regeneravimo principus. − Surinkti duomenis apie Lietuvoje išgaunamo naudoto asfalto kiekių dinamiką bėgant metams. − Ištyrinėti Lietuvos keliuose ir miesto gatvėse frezuoto bei išlaužto ir sutrupinto naudoto asfalto granulių komponentines sudėtis ir savybes. − Nustatyti pridedamo atnaujinančio bitumo rūšies ir procentinio kiekio įtaką regeneruoto karštai maišyto asfalto (KMA) mišinio fiziniams ir mechaniniams Maršalo rodikliams, taip pat regeneruoto suminio bitumo savybėms. − Nustatyti su skirtingu kiekiu naudoto asfalto granulėmis regeneruoto KMA mišinio atsparumą vėžių susidarymui. − Pateikti naujus deterministinio ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Wood plastic composites (WPCs) were made using matrices of recycled high-density polyethylene (rHDPE) and polypropylene (rPP) with sawdust (Pinus radiata) as filler. Corresponding WPCs were also made using virgin plastics (HDPE and PP) for comparison with the recycled plastic based composites. WPCs were made through melt compounding and hot-press moulding with varying formulations based on the plastic type (HDPE and PP), plastic form (recycled and virgin), wood flour content and addition of coupling agent. The dimensional stability and mechanical properties of WPCs were investigated. Durability performances of these WPCs were studied separately, by exposing to accelerated freeze-thaw (FT) cycles and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The property degradation and colour changes of the weathered composites were also examined. Dimensional stability and flexural properties of WPCs were further investigated by incorporation of nanoclays in the composite formulation. To understand the changes in WPCs stability and durability performance, microstructure and thermal properties of the composites were examined. Two mathematical models were developed in this work, one model to simulate the moisture movement through the composites in long-term water immersion and the other model to predict the temperature profile in the composites during hot-press moulding. Both rHDPE and rPP matrix based composites exhibited excellent dimensional stability and mechanical properties, which were comparable to those made from virgin plastics. Incorporation of maleated polypropylene (MAPP) coupling agent in composite formulation improved the stability and the mechanical properties. The incorporation of 3 wt. % MAPP coupling agent to WPCs showed an increase in tensile strength by 60% and 35 %, respectively, for the rHDPE based and rPP based composites with 50 wt. % wood flour. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the fractured surfaces of WPCs confirmed that the MAPP coupling improved the interfacial bonding between the plastic and the wood filler for both series of composites. Long-term water immersion tests showed that the water transport mechanism within the WPCs follows the kinetics of Fickian diffusion. Dimensional stability and flexural properties of the WPC were degraded after 12 accelerated FT cycles as well as 2000 h of UV weathering for both recycled and virgin HDPE and PP based composites. However, the MAPP coupled composites had improved stability and flexural property degradation. The surface of the weathered composites experienced a colour change, which increased with the exposure time. The MAPP coupled composites exhibited less colour change as compared to non-coupled composites. Regarding the effect of the plastic type, the PP based composites experienced higher colour change than those based on HDPE. With weathering exposure, flexural strength and stiffness of the WPCs were decreased, but elongation at break was increased regardless of plastic type and wood flour content. MAPP coupled rPP and rHDPE based UV weathered WPCs lowered the degradation of stiffness by 50% and 75%, respectively compared to non-coupled WPCs. SEM images of the fractured surfaces of FT and UV weathered WPCs confirmed a decrease in the interfacial bonding between the wood flour and matrix. Thermal properties of weathered composites changed with weathering, but the extent of the changes depended on WPCs formulation and matrix type. From the experimental studies on nanoclay-filled rHDPE composites, it is found that stability, flexural properties of WPCs could be improved with an appropriate combination of coupling agent, and nanoclay contents processed by melt blending. Incorporation of 1-5 wt. % nanoclay in the maleated polyethylene (MAPE) coupled wood plastic composite improved the dimensional stability and flexural properties. The thermal properties changed with the addition of nanoclay and MAPE in WPCs. In this work, a hot press-moulding model was proposed based on the one-dimensional transient heat conduction to predict the temperature profile of the WPCs during hot pressing cycle. The results from this work clearly show that rHDPE and rPP can be successfully used to produce stable and strong WPCs, which properties and performances are similar to or comparable to composites made of wood and virgin plastics. Therefore, WPCs based on recycled PP and HDPE matrix could have potential to use as construction materials.

Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is a construction material, which is being used in the Canadian construction industry more frequently than it was in the past. The environmental benefits associated with RCA use, such as reduced landfilling and natural aggregate (NA) quarrying, have been identified by industry and government agencies. This has resulted in some incentives to use RCA in construction applications. Some properties of RCA are variable and as a result the material is often used as a structural fill, which is a low risk application. The use of RCA in this application is beneficial from an overall sustainability perspective but may not represent the most efficient use of the material. Efficient use of a material means getting the most benefit possible out of that material in a given application. The initial step in efficient material use is evaluating how a material affects its potential applications. In the case of RCA, this includes its use in concrete as a coarse aggregate. RCA is made up of both aggregate and cement mortar from its original application. Its make-up results in absorption capacities, which are higher than NA. Its high absorption capacity indicates that RCA can retain a relatively large proportion of water. Internal curing of concrete is the practice of intentionally entraining reservoirs of water within concrete. This water is drawn into the cement at a beneficial point in the cement hydration process. This water allows for a more complete hydration reaction, less desiccation, a less permeable concrete pore system, and less susceptibility to the negative effects of poor curing. The potential for RCA to act as an internal curing agent was evaluated in this research. Two RCA types were studied in the course of this research, one RCA of high-quality and one low-quality. These were compared to one NA type, which served as experimental control. Neither RCA type was found to desorb significant amounts of entrained water at relative humidity levels between 85% and 93%. This behaviour indicates that they would not behave as a traditional internal curing agent. Within concrete, the initial saturation levels of these RCAs were 0%, 60% and 100% of their full absorption capacity. The mixtures ranged from 30% RCA (by volume of coarse aggregate) to 100% RCA. These mixtures were subjected to two curing regimes, MTO-specified curing conditions and moist curing, in order to gauge the internal curing potential of the RCA. Fully saturated RCA mixtures were found to retain water throughout the course of testing. They were also found to increase the rate of compressive strength gain at early ages in comparison to similarly cured NA mixtures. Full saturation was found to have a negative effect on the thermal expansion behaviour of the concrete at 28 days concrete age. Permeable porosity of concrete was measured as an indicator of more thorough hydration in RCA concrete, but any potential benefits were masked by the increase in permeable porosity associated with permeable RCA. When compared with NA control mixtures and RCA mixtures cured under ideal conditions, it was found that saturated RCA mixtures provided compressive strength benefits. Low-quality RCA, which lost entrained water earlier in the testing period than high-quality RCA, benefitted in terms of early age compressive strength gains under specified curing conditions. High-quality RCA, which retained a relatively higher proportion of its entrained water throughout the early testing period, improved later age compressive strength under spec-curing conditions. Mixtures with 30% RCA (by volume of coarse aggregate) were generally found to not significantly affect the tensile strength, elastic modulus, and permeable porosity of the concrete. Tensile strength and elastic modulus were found to be consistently lower in RCA concretes, while permeable porosity was consistently higher. However, the magnitudes of these changes were not large enough to be statistically significant based on the testing regime employed. Compressive strength was significantly improved at 28 days when the 30% RCA was fully saturated. 30% RCA mixtures significantly reduced the thermal expansion of concrete at 28 days, which could provide particular benefit to concrete pavement applications. Overall, RCA saturation in new concrete had both positive and negative effects on the properties of concrete, which should both be considered in the context of the application for which RCA concrete is being considered. Specifically, concrete applications with the potential for poor curing and the need for reduced thermal expansion could benefit through the inclusion of coarse RCA. For example, these benefits could manifest in reduced thermal cracking at slab joints and reduced thermal stresses due to temperature gradients in pavements.