Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2017-07-14T20:41:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o j? defendida Marilva - com revis?o do abstract.pdf: 1128920 bytes, checksum: 2a687ce5aa7e5de316bb04940ce131b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-14T20:41:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o j? defendida Marilva - com revis?o do abstract.pdf: 1128920 bytes, checksum: 2a687ce5aa7e5de316bb04940ce131b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-30 / This research aimed to study the chronicles of Clarice Lispector, gathered in the book A Descoberta do Mundo, published in 1984, the result of seven years of publication of the writer for the Jornal do Brazil, between August 1967 and December 1973. From everyday situations involving people of daily cohabitation, the chronicles the author's open space to reflect about life and about other, because they touch in the pain and in the existential anguish, consequences of being in the world. In a similar exercise to a daily, Clarice Lispector brings to the pages of his chronicles a face little known, that deals day to day with their children, their servants, their friends; recalling past events, but also touches on issues such as women, happiness, well-being, the importance of family and the other excluded. In this way, it is possible to find chronicles that reaffirm the reflective tendency present in the Clarice Lispector of the short stories and novels, in which it was consecrated as hermetic and introspective. / Este trabalho de pesquisa buscou estudar as cr?nicas de Clarice Lispector, reunidas no livro A Descoberta do Mundo, publicado em 1984, fruto de sete anos de publica??o da escritora para o Jornal do Brasil, entre agosto de 1967 e dezembro de 1973. A partir de situa??es do cotidiano, envolvendo pessoas do seu conv?vio, as cr?nicas da autora abrem espa?o para refletir sobre a vida e sobre o outro, pois tocam nas dores e ang?stias existenciais, consequ?ncias do estar no mundo. Num exerc?cio semelhante a um di?rio, Clarice Lispector traz para as p?ginas de suas cr?nicas uma face menos conhecida, em que trata do dia a dia com os filhos, suas empregadas, seus amigos; rememora fatos passados, como tamb?m toca em temas como a mulher, a felicidade, o bem-estar, a import?ncia da fam?lia e o outro exclu?do. Deste modo, ? poss?vel encontrar cr?nicas que reafirmam a tend?ncia reflexiva presente na Clarice Lispector dos contos e romances, nos quais foi consagrada como herm?tica e introspectiva.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Regina Mara Jurgielewecz 1.pdf: 1517937 bytes, checksum: 46439776a1d655cfd8dadf4227a5d873 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-11-17 / This research aim is to study the involvement with education through the technique reflection group with lecturers. The focus of it is to reflect upon education as well as to favour the resolution of tensions generated by the activities executed by the subjects of the research. It was studied the transference of the lecturers in relation to education as well as the links with their pupils, colleagues and institution using their speeches. The setting of this work was more restricted than the setting of the therapeutic group . For the development of this research it was used the reflection group (DELAROSSA, 1979) orientated towards a psychoanalytical approach. This group was set up by four lecturers, volunteers in a public institution, from both sexes and several ages. Using the lecturer s verbal and non verbal reports it was done a qualitative analysis according to the requirements of the psychoanalytic theory. The difficulties experienced by the members of this reflection group confirmed the existence of resistance to the identification with the feminine, as well as the idiosyncrasies of the transferential process experienced in the group. The obstacle to the execution of this proposed task is given to the processes that occurred unconsciously such as the basic propositions of dependence and of fight/escape; by persecutory and depressive anxieties and issues linked to the regressive process of primary narcissism. / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar o envolvimento com a educa??o por meio da t?cnica grupo de reflex?o com professores universit?rios. Objetivou, portanto, refletir sobre a educa??o, bem como favorecer a elabora??o das tens?es geradas pelas atividades das fun??es executadas pelos sujeitos da pesquisa. Estudou-se a transfer?ncia dos professores em rela??o ? Educa??o, bem como os v?nculos com seus alunos, colegas e institui??o, a partir de suas falas. O campo de trabalho formado foi mais restrito que o campo de um grupo terap?utico. Para o desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa foi utilizada a t?cnica de grupo de reflex?o (DELAROSSA, 1979) orientada por uma abordagem psicanal?tica. O grupo foi constitu?do por quatro professores universit?rios, volunt?rios de uma institui??o p?blica, ambos os sexos e idades variadas. Dos relatos verbais e n?o verbais dos professores, foi realizada uma an?lise qualitativa conforme os pressupostos da teoria psicanal?tica. As dificuldades vividas pelos integrantes desse grupo de reflex?o confirmaram a exist?ncia da resist?ncia ? identifica??o com o feminino, bem como ?s peculiaridades do processo transferencial vivido em grupo. A execu??o da tarefa proposta ao grupo foi obstaculizada por determina??o de processos inconscientes tais como os pressupostos b?sicos de depend?ncia e de luta/fuga; por ang?stias persecut?ria e depressiva e quest?es ligadas ao processo regressivo do narcisismo prim?rio.

Diploma Thesis - Stimulation of person with physical and multiple disabilities through Vojta's therapeutic concept - is about aplication of Vojta's reflex locomotion method at newborns and infants.The theoretical assessment is describing the development, basic principles and the use of this method. Vojta's special diagnosing will be also addressed. The next major chapter will be the description of muscular dystrophy and consisting of basic division, description of diagnosing principals and treatment. One chapter is dedicated to Girdle Muscular Dystrophy and its manifestation and difficulties with the diagnosis. Empirical data is being collected through a questionnaire which was given to parents with newborns and infants and will provide a complex vision analysis on Vojta's method and its application to newborn and infants born with physical and multiple disabilities.

Orientador: Luiz Antonio de Lima Resende / Resumo: Introdução: O reflexo trigêmino-facial (RTF) pode ser estudado e mensurado através de técnica eletrofisiológica - o Blink Reflex. As respostas R2 são integradas em nível ponto-bulbar por neurônios que têm relação anatômica e funcional com a formação reticular, por sua vez relacionada à fisiologia do sono e fisiopatologia da Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS). Objetivo: Estudar o RTF em pacientes com SAOS e correlacionar os achados com parâmetros polissonográficos. Métodos: Foram estudados 50 pacientes adultos com SAOS, de ambos os sexos, submetidos à polissonografia, estudos de condução nervosa sensitiva e motora nos membros, e estudo do RTF. Resultados: Dos 50 pacientes estudados, 10 preencheram critérios de exclusão. Dentre 40 pacientes analisados, o RTF foi normal em 7, mostrou achados de hiperexcitabilidade em 16 (grande amplitude, longa duração e/ou curta latência) - Grupo 1, e achados de hipoexcitabilidade em 17 (baixa amplitude e/ou latência prolongada ou resposta ausente) - Grupo 2, com diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos (p < 0.0001). As alterações do RTF não apresentaram correlações estatisticamente significativas com os diferentes parâmetros polissonográficos estudados. Conclusões: A avaliação eletrofisiológica do RTF permitiu separar pacientes com SAOS em 3 grupos (normal, achados de hiperexcitabilidade, achados de hipoexcitabilidade) evidenciando normalidade, disfunção e/ou lesão de grupos neuronais do tronco encefálico. / Doutor

Sensory input from the laryngeal mucosa is vital for triggering protective airway reflexes. The laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR) is a brief vocal fold adductor reflex in response to stimulation of the laryngeal mucosa. Depressed LAR may lead to aspiration of foreign substances into the airway. Loss of laryngeal sensation has thus been considered as one of the risk factors associated with aspiration and airway complications in patients with dysphagia. Laryngeal sensation can be endoscopically tested by lightly and briefly touching a patient’s arytenoids or epiglottis with the tip of a flexible laryngoscope (the touch method). In a preliminary study, we endoscopically investigated the laryngeal sensation and swallowing ability of healthy adults and patients with dysphagia. The results indicated an association between sensory deficits as determined by the touch method and penetration/aspiration of trial boluses in both healthy adults and patients with dysphagia. However, the pressure applied to the larynx using this touch method might not be consistent, and the expected responses elicited by this method were uncertain. Study 1 of this dissertation investigated the variability in the pressure delivered by clinicians using the touch method. The study also reported on the types of various subject responses to the touches. The results revealed that there was a wide range of pressure levels exerted by examiners. This suggested the need for further research to establish the validity of this diagnostic tool. The study also showed that the LAR always occurred in response to touch in normal volunteers, suggesting that this technique may be quite sensitive at detecting sensory deficits in a person who does not exhibit an LAR in response to touch. Study 2 examined hospitalized patients with symptoms of dysphagia. The question of interest was whether an absent LAR in response to touch was associated with aspiration or pneumonia. No significant association was found between absent LAR and aspiration of food or liquid; however, a significant association was observed between absent LAR and the occurrence of pneumonia. The study indicated that the touch method has potential for predicting pneumonia in patients with swallowing problems. / 2017-11-07T00:00:00Z

A identificação pessoal através da análise da textura da íris é um método de identificação biométrico de grande eficiência. Algoritmos e técnicas foram desenvolvidos levando-se em consideração as características de textura da imagem da íris do olho humano. No entanto, essas características por serem estáticas são também susceptíveis a fraudes, ou seja, uma foto pode substituir a íris em análise. Por isso, este trabalho propõe um método para extrair as características de textura da íris durante a contração e dilatação da pupila, além das próprias características dinâmicas de contração e dilatação. Para isso foi desenvolvido um novo sistema de aquisição da imagem utilizando iluminação NIR (Near Infra-Red) e levando-se em conta o reflexo consensual dos olhos. As características são medidas de acordo com um padrão dinâmico de iluminação controlado pelo programa. Com isso, é possível aumentar a segurança de dispositivos de reconhecimento biométrico de pessoas através da íris, pois, somente íris vivas podem ser utilizadas. Os resultados mostram um índice de precisão significativo na capacidade de discriminação destas características. / The personal identification by iris texture analysis is a highly effective biometric identification method. Some algorithms and techniques were developed, taking into consideration the texture features of the iris image in the human eye. Nonetheless, such features, due to the fact that they are static, are also susceptible to fraud. That is, a picture can replace the iris in an analysis. For that reason, this work proposes a method for extracting texture features of the iris during the pupil contraction and dilation, in addition to the dynamic contraction and dilation features themselves. Therefore, it was developed a new image acquisition system through NIR (Near Infra-Red) illumination, considering the consensual reflex of the eyes. Features are measured according to a dynamic illumination standard controlled by the software and are afterwards selected by means of data mining. Then it is possible to increase the safety in the biometric recognition devices of people through their iris, since only living irises can be utilized. Results show a significant precision index in determining such features.

Introdução: A Reflectância acústica é um procedimento introduzido mais recentemente na clínica audiológica, cuja abrangência diagnóstica pode ainda ser explorada. Suas medidas têm sido citadas como uma importante ferramenta na avaliação das afecções da orelha média, sendo um método considerado vantajoso em relação à timpanometria. Tem havido crescente interesse no estudo da estimulação acústica contralateral e seu efeito na ativação da via eferente auditiva. Estudos têm demonstrado que a introdução de estímulo simultâneo na orelha contralateral gera mudanças no padrão de respostas auditivas, tanto em medidas de emissões otoacústicas como em imitância acústica. Desta forma, surgiu o interesse em investigar a ocorrência de mudanças no padrão de resposta da curva de reflectância, quando pesquisada com a aplicação de ruído de banda larga na orelha contralateral. Objetivo: Verificar a influência da estimulação contralateral nas medidas de reflectância acústica da orelha média em adultos jovens. Metodologia: A casuística foi composta por 30 participantes de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária de 18 a 30 anos. Procedimentos: Inspeção do meato acústico externo; Imitanciometria; Audiometria tonal limiar; Pesquisa do limiar de ruído branco; Pesquisa da Reflectância Acústica em dois passos: (a) foi obtida a curva de reflectância no intervalo de frequência de 200 a 6000 Hz na intensidade de 60dB SPL utilizando-se os estímulos chirp e de tons puros, e (b) o procedimento foi repetido com os mesmos parâmetros e estímulos, com a presença de ruído contralateral simultâneo por meio de fones de inserção a 30 dBNS em relação ao limiar de ruído branco. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram que não existem diferenças quando comparados gêneros. Quando a análise foi realizada separadamente por orelha houve diferenças entre estímulos chirp e de tons puros nas frequências de 1,5 e 2 kHz em orelha direita. Entre as condições de teste e reteste as diferenças estatísticas foram nas frequências de 0,25 e 0,5 kHz em orelha direita para estímulo de tons puros. A análise entre as condições de teste, reteste e teste com ruído contralateral apresentou diferença estatística na frequência de 2 kHz (pvalor 0,011 em teste e 0,002 em reteste) para estímulo chirp em orelha direita. A comparação entre orelhas esquerda e direita identificou diferenças estatísticas nas frequências de 3 e 4 kHz para os dois tipos de estímulos utilizados. Conclusão: Este estudo permite concluir que a ativação da via auditiva eferente por meio da estimulação acústica contralateral com ruído branco produz mudanças nos padrões de respostas da reflectância acústica, aumentando suas respostas e modificando a transferência de energia sonora da orelha média / Introduction: The acoustic reflectance is a procedure introduced more recently in audiology, which diagnostic scope can be further explored. Its measurements have been cited as an important instrument in the evaluation of middle ear affections, as a method considered advantageous in relation to tympanometry. There has been growing interest in the study of contralateral acoustic stimulation and its effect on activation of the auditory efferent pathway. Studies have shown that the introduction of simultaneous stimulation in the contralateral ear generates changes in the pattern of auditory responses in both measures of otoacoustic emissions as in acoustic impedance. Therefore, emerged the interest in investigating the occurrence of changes in the response pattern of the reflectance curve when studied with the application of broadband noise in the contralateral ear. Objective: Investigate the influence of contralateral stimulation on acoustic reflectance measurements of the middle ear in young adults. Methods: The sample consisted of 30 participants of both genders, aged 18-30 years. Procedures: Inspection of the external acoustic meatus; imitanciometry; pure tone audiometry threshold; threshold research of White Noise; acoustics reflectance research in two steps: (a) obtaining of reflectance curve in the frequency range 200-6000 Hz in the intensity of 60dB SPL using chirp stimuli and pure tone, and (b) repeating the procedure with the same parameters and stimuli with contralateral noise simultaneously through insert earphones at 30 dBNS over the white noise threshold. Results: The results presented no difference compared genres. The analysis performed separately by ear presented differences between chirp stimuli and pure tone at frequencies of 1.5 and 2 kHz in the right ear. Between test and retest conditions the statistical differences in frequencies were at frequencies of 0.25 and of 0.5 kHz in the right ear for pure tone. Analysis of the conditions of test, retest and test with contralateral noise presented statistical difference at the frequency of 2 kHz (pvalue on test 0.011 and 0.002 on retest) for chirp stimulus in the right ear. The comparison between left and right ears identified statistical differences at the frequencies of 3 and 4 kHz for the two types of stimuli used. Conclusion: This study shows that the activation of the efferent auditory pathway by contralateral acoustic stimulation with white noise produces changes in response patterns of acoustic reflectance, increasing their responses and modifying the transfer of sound energy from the middle ear

Submitted by THIAGO DIAS FERNANDES null (thiagodf83@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-03T21:14:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE PRONTA FINAL.pdf: 8515287 bytes, checksum: dedec31a9ce185e261cf9657fdb3dd34 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-02-07T12:44:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_td_dr_bot.pdf: 8515287 bytes, checksum: dedec31a9ce185e261cf9657fdb3dd34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-07T12:44:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_td_dr_bot.pdf: 8515287 bytes, checksum: dedec31a9ce185e261cf9657fdb3dd34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-05 / Introdução: O reflexo trigêmino-facial (RTF) pode ser estudado e mensurado através de técnica eletrofisiológica - o Blink Reflex. As respostas R2 são integradas em nível ponto-bulbar por neurônios que têm relação anatômica e funcional com a formação reticular, por sua vez relacionada à fisiologia do sono e fisiopatologia da Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS). Objetivo: Estudar o RTF em pacientes com SAOS e correlacionar os achados com parâmetros polissonográficos. Métodos: Foram estudados 50 pacientes adultos com SAOS, de ambos os sexos, submetidos à polissonografia, estudos de condução nervosa sensitiva e motora nos membros, e estudo do RTF. Resultados: Dos 50 pacientes estudados, 10 preencheram critérios de exclusão. Dentre 40 pacientes analisados, o RTF foi normal em 7, mostrou achados de hiperexcitabilidade em 16 (grande amplitude, longa duração e/ou curta latência) - Grupo 1, e achados de hipoexcitabilidade em 17 (baixa amplitude e/ou latência prolongada ou resposta ausente) - Grupo 2, com diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos (p < 0.0001). As alterações do RTF não apresentaram correlações estatisticamente significativas com os diferentes parâmetros polissonográficos estudados. Conclusões: A avaliação eletrofisiológica do RTF permitiu separar pacientes com SAOS em 3 grupos (normal, achados de hiperexcitabilidade, achados de hipoexcitabilidade) evidenciando normalidade, disfunção e/ou lesão de grupos neuronais do tronco encefálico. / Background: The Blink Reflex can be evaluated through electrophysiological method. The R2 late responses are mediated by neuronal groups in the pons and medulla with anatomical and physiological relation with the reticular formation, wich is related to sleep physiology and physiopathology of the Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Objective: To study the Blink Reflex in patients with OSA and to correlate the findings with polysomnographic parameters. Methods: Fifty adult patients with OSA diagnosis were enrolled for polysomnography, limb conduction studies and Blink Reflex. Results: Ten patients fulfilled exclusion criteria. From 40 patients studied, 7 showed normal Blink Reflex, 16 hyperexcitability findings (high amplitude, long duration, and/or short latency response) - Group 1, and 17 hypo excitability findings (low amplitude and/or prolonged latency, or absent response) - Group 2, with significant differences between groups (p < 0.0001). No statistically significant difference was observed between the Blink Reflex abnormalities and the polysomnographic parameters evaluated. Conclusion: The electrophysiological evaluation of the blink reflex afforded to distinguish OSA patients in 3 groups (normal, hyperexcitability findings, hypo excitability findings) related to normality, dysfunction and/or injury of neuronal groups in the brainstem.

Objectives: Previous studies in the Oral Neurophysiology Laboratories in Dundee have defined the electromyographic properties of the inhibitory jaw reflex that can be evoked in human subjects by electrical stimulation of the lip. This reflex, in contrast with the more widely studied biphasic inhibitory reflexes evoked by stimulation of intra-oral nerves, consists of just a single phase of inhibition and usually requires the application of stimuli which excite nociceptive nerves. The aims of the present studies were to define the mechanical manifestations of this reflex in the form of changes in biting forces, and to investigate whether the mechanical manifestation of the inhibitory jaw reflex evoked by stimulation of the human upper lip, can be modulated by experimentally-controlled conditions that mimic symptoms of a myogenous temporomandibular disorder. Methods: Three series of experiments were performed on 49 volunteer subjects in total. The experiments involved recording bite forces between the anterior teeth and electromyograms (EMGs) from the masseter muscles. Transcutaneous electrical stimuli were applied to the hairy skin of upper lip while the subjects maintained a biting force of around 50N with the aid of visual feedback. In the first series of experiments, a range of electrical stimuli below and above the nociceptive threshold was delivered. In the second set of experiments, double stimuli with a range of different inter-stimulus intervals were applied. Finally in a third series of experiments, electrical stimulation was repeated before, immediately after, and 5 and 10 minutes following a 3-minute accelerated chewing task. This task consisted of chewing 1.5g of a tough chewing gum at 1.5 times the subject’s natural chewing rate and in 18 cases, muscle fatigue and/or pain were reported by the subjects. Results: Following stimulation at intensities that were described as sharp or painful, all the subjects showed both a suppression of the masseter EMG and a reduction of biting force. When analysing the maximum responses in each subject, the mean reduction in the EMG inhibition was to 15.78 ± 14.4% and 10.39 ± 7.92% of the baseline (for the ipsi- and contra-lateral EMGs respectively), whereas the biting force was reduced only to 83.98 ± 11.04% of baseline (+ S.D.). The latencies of onset of these responses were: 38.17 ± 3.58ms, 38.97 ± 4.49ms and 51.83 ± 6.23ms respectively. The response observed in the force record was weaker than in that observed in either EMG (Paired t tests, P < 0.005 in both cases). When applying double stimuli, it was found that the prolongation of the EMG inhibitory jaw reflex (to 144.70 ± 46.93% of the control level) evoked by double stimulation of the upper lip (with a 10 ms inter-stimulus interval) resulted in a greater increase in the depth of the accompanied relaxation (to 223.63 ± 70.88% of that seen in the control responses) compared to a relatively smaller increase in the duration of the relaxation (to 128.32 ± 27.23% of that seen in the control responses). Following the accelerated chewing task, 17 out of 22 subjects reported pain and/or fatigue in one or both of the masseter muscles. The integral for the bite force relaxation significantly decreased in size immediately following the conditioning procedure (to 76.04 ± 35.63% of the control level, P = 0.014; single sample t-test with Bonferroni correction, test value 100). Conclusion: The inhibitory jaw reflex evoked by stimulation of the human lip can be demonstrated mechanically as well as electromyographically although the mechanical version of the response appears less marked. In addition to that, the onset of reflex relaxation in bite force lags several milliseconds behind the corresponding reductions in electromyographic activity. The depth of force relaxation can be increased by increasing the duration of EMG recorded inhibitory reflex. Finally, the results from a chewing task suggest that induced acute pain and/or fatigue cause clear changes in the mechanical manifestation of this inhibitory jaw reflex.

A standard clinical immittance test battery includes measurements of the acoustic reflex, or more specifically, the middle ear muscle reflex (MEMR). The MEMR is the contraction of the stapedius muscle in response to high-level acoustic stimulation. Clinical MEMR measurements are made according to the American National Standards Institute standard for immittance instruments (S3.39–2012) by use of a 226-Hz probe tone in conjunction with a reflex-activating stimulus presented to the ipsilateral or contralateral ear. The MEMR is a bilateral response, which means that presenting the activator to one ear will elicit the response in both ears. In traditional clinical measurements, the reflex activator stimulus is a pure tone (500, 1000, 2000, or 4000 Hz) or a broadband noise, and the MEMR is measured at tympanometric peak pressure (TPP) as measured on the tympanogram. If the admittance of the test ear decreases by a criterion amount in the presence of the activator, for example, 0.02 to 0.03 mmho, the reflex is considered to be present. The lowest level at which an activator is presented and reliably elicits at least the criterion change in admittance is considered the MEMR threshold. The MEMR is typically present in ears with pure-tone behavioral thresholds of ≤60 dB HL at the activator frequencies (Gelfand 2009).