After more than a century of research, the nature of the relationship between religion and mental health still is not fully understood. Some studies find that religion is associated with better mental health. Other studies find that religion is associated with worse mental health. Many prior studies have conceptualized religion either as individual religiosity or as religious group participation, with mixed results. It is also necessary to establish the temporal relationship between religion and mental health. While prior religion could influence subsequent mental health, prior mental health could also influence subsequent religion. It is also important to identify factors which this relationship. Results of the present study show that a) prior religion is associated with subsequent mental health, b) individual religiosity and religious group participation relate to subsequent mental health in different ways, c) these relationships are partially mediated by personal mastery, social support, and physical disability.

Based on a field study carried out in Kirikkale, this study investigates the transformation of religious tradesmen of small cities in Turkey with emphases on : (a) the role of religious values within the free market economy / (b) the &amp / #65533 / work ethics&amp / #65533 / of religious tradesmen and (c) the transformation process of religious values within the present economic system. In the study, semistructured in-depth interviews and official documents were used to collect the research data. The thesis of Weber on the relationships between religious values and the rational capitalism was examined to better understand the work ethics and the religious values of religious tradesmen. The opinions of Weber, Rodinson and &Uuml / lgener about the causes of the nonexistence of a rational capitalism in the Islamic world were evaluated throughout the study. In this respect, the emergence and the development of the Muslim guilds and petty bourgeoisie within the traditional Islamic societies were also studied. The research results suggest that the incorporation into the free market economy brings about the transformation the religious economic convictions or values. Therefore, the chance of survival and the applicability of such religious values within this economic system seem to be impossible. In summary, this particular research indicates that the religious tradesmen do not face with serious contradictions in their economic activities. They rather seem to be involved in a transformation and adaptation process in the free market economy.

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2002. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:02:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 724339 bytes, checksum: e80e1c6ca8959b899a853506b6901cff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research aimed to review the available evidence in the database of the CAPES´ site about the spirituality/religiosity and health relation, in the decade between 2000 and 2009. It focused on the relationship between the health professionals and the patients as concerns their spiritual lives and during their illnesses of awesome significance nowadays, such as: mental diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer and AIDS. In this research, 95 studies are described and summarized. Several researches have been developed with the intention to investigate if beliefs, growth in faith and attendance at a community improve health and help people to live longer. It is noteworthy the increasing importance concerning to the relation between spirituality and health inside universities and clinical practice. In most of these studies, religiosity/spirituality has demonstrated a great impact on physical health as a possible factor for preventing the development of diseases and an occasional death reduction or the effect of several illnesses. Experiences, with HIV positive patients or with cancer, point out spiritual health as an important dimension of existence as regards facing the disease. The researches also indicate that religion/spirituality works as protection against cardiovascular diseases due to its inducement for healthy lifestyles, and it is associated with a better physical health predicting, thus, a faster remission of depression. In addition to the patient s spirituality, the caretakers´spiritual matters and how both of them see health and illness as well as how they interact are subjects taken into account. But, although, the theme has been taking part, definitely, in the researches´ list, the empirical studies have presented methodological flaws and limited success in reference to the mechanisms which act by promoting health through the religious involvement. The theme has been considered an intellectual and methodological challenge and it demands more studies before any definitive conclusions about the biological benefit of the spiritual practices come out; especially because such discussion will not end in the near future. / Esta é uma pesquisa que objetivou revisar as evidências disponíveis na base de dados do portal CAPES sobre a relação espiritualidade/religiosidade e saúde, na década compreendida entre os anos 2000 e 2009, focando na relação dos profissionais de saúde e dos pacientes com a espiritualidade em suas vidas e no curso das enfermidades de maior representatividade na atualidade, quais sejam: doenças mentais, doenças cardiovasculares (DCV), câncer e AIDS. Nela estão descritos e sintetizados 95 estudos. Inúmeras pesquisas, hoje, estão sendo desenvolvidas no sentido de averiguar se as crenças, o cultivo de uma fé e a participação em uma comunidade, fazem bem à saúde e ajudam as pessoas a viverem mais. É notável o crescimento da importância dada à relação entre espiritualidade e saúde dentro das universidades e na prática clínica. Em muitos desses estudos, a religiosidade/espiritualidade tem demonstrado potencial impacto sobre a saúde física, afigurando-se como possível fator de prevenção ao desenvolvimento de doenças e eventual redução de óbito ou do impacto de diversos males. Experiências de pacientes soropositivos ou com câncer apontam a saúde espiritual como uma importante dimensão da existência, no enfrentamento à doença. As pesquisas indicam, ainda, que religião/espiritualidade protege contra doenças cardiovasculares pelo fomento de estilos de vida saudáveis, estando associada com uma melhor saúde física, e prediz remissão mais rápida de depressão. E, além da espiritualidade do paciente, consideramse as questões espirituais dos cuidadores, como ambos entendem a saúde e a doença e como interagem entre si. Mas, embora o tema tenha entrado, definitivamente, no rol das pesquisas, os estudos empíricos têm apresentado falhas metodológicas e sucesso limitado com relação aos mecanismos que agem na promoção de saúde através do envolvimento religioso, sendo considerado um desafio intelectual e metodológico e demandando mais estudos antes de conclusões definitivas sobre o benefício biológico das práticas espirituais, especialmente, porque tal discussão não cessará tão cedo.

The problem addressed in this study pertained to the prevailing attitudes toward work and the relationship between religious orientation and work ethic dimensions. The study probed the most frequent or very common attitudes toward work among students in the Teacher Education Program at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, and explored whether religion affected the work ethic characteristics. Work ethic dimensions were referred to as Self-Reliance, Morality/Ethics, Hard Work, Leisure, Centrality to Work, Wasted time and Delay of Gratification. Religiosity was presented from the point of view of its expressions relating to human society and its members' practical life including occupation, economy and work rather than the essence of the religion. Results indicated that Teacher Education Program students who participated in this study portrayed a strong work ethic in dimensions of Morality/Ethics, Hard Work, Delay of gratification, and Centrality of work. Students reflected a weaker work ethic in regards to Wasted Time, Self-Reliance and Leisure (Anti-Leisure). In regards to religious relations to work ethic dimensions, the results piloted a proposal that religious orientation had an inconsequential relationship to the work ethic dimensions measured in this study. These associations remained stronger for the religious oriented rather than the non-religious oriented. This study was extremely descriptive and exploratory. As such, the prevailing work ethic dimensions and the relationship between religiosity and work ethic dimensions were extremely tentative and applicable only to the subjects involved in this study and revealed the need for further research.

Familial bereavement is recognized as a considerable life crisis (Strobe & Hanson, 2001). Furthermore, bereaved parents are more likely to be at risk for having long lasting, and intense psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and even suicide (Darbyshire, 2013; Omerove et.al, 2013). Losing a child is a devastating experience, which dramatically changes the parents’ lives (Darbyshire, 2013; Oliver, 1999; Omerove et.al, 2013). Although much research has addressed the experiences of bereaved parents, and has come up with themes related to coping experiences, the research is still restricted to the western world, and has yet not intensely addressed the cross-cultural aspect. Although limiting this study to adherents of the three Abrahamic religions in the U.S. is still restricted in some way to the western world, in other ways it opens the door to understanding parental bereavement differences across three religions. Spirituality, religiosity, perceived social support, and marital relationship have been found to be buffers to grief; yet, it is not clear how essential these variables are to the bereaved parents across different religions. The current cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship among adjustment and other factors (spirituality, religiosity, perceived social support, and marital relationship) that might influence adjustment to bereavement among Christian, Jewish, and Muslim bereaved parents. A cross-sectional online survey was launched from January to February 2016 to measure participants’ baseline adjustment, spirituality, religiosity, perceived social support, and marital relationship. A diverse group of 145 bereaved parents participated in this study, including 65 religious Christians (44.83%), 41 religious Jews (28.28%), and 39 religious Muslims (26.90%) with an average age of 44 (SD = 12.80). The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the three religious groups in terms of their adjustment, religiosity spirituality, perceived social support, and marital relationship. Muslims were found to have higher baseline rates of all study constructs more than Jewish and Christian bereaved parents. The results indicated only perceived social support and spirituality significantly predicted the adjustment level among the bereaved parents when holding all other terms constant. Whereas only perceived social support and religious involvement significantly predicted the marital relationship level among the bereaved parents when holding all other terms constant. These results shed light on some important implications for counselor educators and particularly for practitioners working with the bereaved parents populations. Limitations and recommendations for further research are also suggested.

A presente tese de doutorado analisa, em perspectiva comparada, as convergências e divergências entre as dramaturgias do francês Jean Genet e do brasileiro Plínio Marcos, sob o prisma de três tópicos inegavelmente presentes, nelas: a violência, a revolta e a religiosidade. As questões de margem, borda, periferia, ex-centricidade, dissenso etc são abordadas neste trabalho para situar a ideia de outro como o referencial ontológico que sustenta a obra teatral de ambos. As respectivas biografias dos autores em questão, direta ou indiretamente, tem relação com a aura de marginalidade artística atribuída (e até assumida por eles próprios) a sua produção em geral (seus romances, poemas, ensaios e contos). Pode-se dizer que muito da persona que ambos assumiram correspondia às expectativas que os círculos intelectuais engajados tinham em adotar uma figura que viesse a encarnar o papel de autêntico porta-voz do segmento marginalizado da sociedade na qual cada um deles se criou. Ambos gozam de certo status de vanguardistas no caso do metateatro de Genet, na sua atribuída vinculação ao Teatro do Absurdo, e, no caso do hipernaturalismo dramático de Plínio, na sua atribuída (e mesmo confessa) descendência da linhagem criativa de caracteres e motivos do teatro de Nelson Rodrigues. Outro aspecto comum à dramaturgia de Genet e Plínio que abordamos é a problematização de dois espaços alegóricos definidores por excelência do ethos dos tipos humanos que o habitam: a prisão e o prostíbulo. Para tanto, ganham destaque, aqui, Alta vigilância e O Balcão, de Genet, e Barrela e O abajur lilás, de Plínio. Nelas também se verifica a figuração de motivos de inspiração religiosa que, no autor francês, concorrem para uma espécie de sacralização ritual do crime (o que ecoa o ideário de Antonin Artaud) e, no brasileiro, funcionam como um exercício catártico de compaixão à sombra de uma cristandade de feição primitiva que se insinua no tratamento que dá à degradação dos párias sociais que compõem seu universo dramático. Por fim, analisamos comparativamente três peças brasileiras (Pedro Mico, de Antonio Callado; Gimba, o presidente dos valentes, de Gianfrancesco Guarnieri; e Oração para um pé de chinelo, de Plínio Marcos) tomando como ponto de partida uma situação dramática comum a elas para traçar, assim, as afinidades e distinções de cada qual quanto à abordagem da criminalidade. E, assim, também, poder apontar o tipo de projeto de teatro a que cada uma se vincula, trazendo à tona questões caras ao momento histórico-cultural no qual foram compostas, como a figuração do negro e do favelado na sociedade brasileira / The present doctoral thesis analyses, in comparative perspective, the convergences and divergences between the dramaturgies of french Jean Genet and brazilian Plínio Marcos, through the prism of three topics which are undeniably present in both: violence, revolt and religiousness. The issues of margin, border, periphery, eccentricity, dissent etc are approached in this work in order to situate the idea of other as the ontological framework that supports the theatrical work of both authors. The biographies of both authors, directly or indirectly, are related to the aura of artistic marginality attributed (and even assumed by them) to their production in general (their novels, poems, essays and short stories). One may say that much of the persona assumed by the authors corresponded to the expectations that the engaged intellectual circles had of adopting a character that could embody the role of authentic spokesman of the marginalized segment of society in which each one of them were created. Both authors enjoy a certain avant-garde status in the case of Genets metatheatre, in his assigned binding to the Theater of the Absurd, and, in the case of Plínios dramatic hipernaturalism, in his assigned (and even confessed) ancestry of the creative lineage of characters and motives from Nelson Rodrigues theater. Another common aspect of the drama of Genet and Plínio that has been approached is the problematization of two allegorical spaces that perfectly define the ethos of human types that inhabit them: the prison and the whorehouse. Therefore, the highlights here are Deathwatch and The Balcony, by Genet, and Barrela and O abajur lilás, by Plínio. In all of them there is also the figuration of religion-inspired motifs that, in the french authors case, contribute as a type of ritual consecration of crime (which echoes in Antoin Artauds ideas) and, in the case of the brazilian author, function as a cathartic exercise of compassion in the shade of a primitive Christianity which is insinuated in the treatment given to the degradation of the social outcasts that compose his dramatic universe. Finally, we comparatively analyzed three brazilian plays (Pedro Mico, by Antonio Callado; Gimba, o presidente dos valentes, by Gianfrancesco Guarnieri; and Oração para um pé de chinelo, by Plínio Marcos) using as a starting point a dramatic situation common to them in order to trace the affinities and distinctions of each one regarding the approach to criminality. And thus, also, be able to indicate the type of theater project to which the authors are linked, bringing up issues that are dear to the cultural-historical moment in which they were composed, like the figuration of the black men and the people who lived in slums in brazilian society

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:06:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 bergamasco_cms_me_prud.pdf: 1221637 bytes, checksum: 68c19fbe852d33d20a3dff9441ec23fc (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente estudo, vinculado à Linha de Pesquisa ―Políticas Públicas, Organização Escolar e Formação de Professores‖, tem por objetivo analisar a cultura escolar festiva de nossas escolas, considerando que o estudo de aspectos simbólicos contidos nos ritos das festas comemorativas pode ajudar a conhecer elementos da identidade escolar e desvelar aspectos importantes da estrutura de uma escola pública laico-brasileira. As datas comemorativas da escola, as festas do calendário escolar, não se desvincularam do calendário litúrgico. Assim, perguntamos: quais os sentidos das festas comemorativas religiosas, em uma escola pública e laica? Para a consecução da pesquisa, procedemos a uma revisão bibliográfica, privilegiando a literatura sócio-antropológica sobre festa e religiosidade, passando pelos estudos sobre a organização da escola. Procedemos também ao trabalho empírico, fazendo uso de questionários e entrevistas, por intermédio do qual, à luz de nosso quadro teórico, procuramos analisar a perspectiva dos professores de uma escola pública do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, sobre religiosidade e festas comemorativas no cotidiano da escola. A partir dos dados bibliográficos e empíricos, podemos inferir que as festas comemorativas têm importância como elemento de coesão, identidade e religiosidade, no interior da escola, e que elas deixam transparecer as estruturas históricas e sociais que, longe de se apresentarem apenas como sobrevivência do passado no presente, são, na verdade, contemporâneas e estruturantes de nossa visão de mundo e do nosso ethos cultural / The current study linked to the 'State Policies, School Organization and Teachers Formation' Research Line aims to analyse the festive school culture in our schools since it is understood that the study of symbolical aspects contained in the rituals of celebration feasts can help to know elements of school identity and watch important aspects of the structure of a Laical-Brazilian state school. The school commemorative dates, the school calendar feasts haven't disconnected of the liturgical calendar. So, we ask: What are the reasons of the religious commemorative feasts in a state and laical school? For the attainment of the reasearch we conducted a bibliographical review privileging the socio-anthropological literature about feast and religiosity passing by the studies about the school organization. We also conducted the empirical work, using questionnaires and interviews by which under our theoretical board , we tried to analyse the teachers' perspectives of a state school in the State of Paraná, Brasil , about the religiosity and commemoratives feasts in school quotidian. Fom the bibliographical and empirical data on we were able to infer that the commemorative feasts have an importance as an element of cohesion , identity and religiosity in the interior of the school and they let reveal the historical and social structures that haven't not only presented as survival of the past in the present, they are in fact contemporaries and structural of our vision of world and our ethos cultural

abstract: Depressive disorders are common among the general populations but are present at an even higher rate among college students. Some research suggests that new stressors during the transition to college may place young adults at increased risk of depressive disorders. In addition, depression in college students has been linked to a variety of risky behaviors such as alcohol use and risky sexual activity. Fortunately, research suggests that religiosity may act as a buffer and lead to lower levels of depressive symptoms and risky behavior. Current research has not adequately examined the relationship between religiosity, depression, and risky behavior among college students. In this study, depressive symptoms were measured using the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale, while risky behaviors were measured using the section on risky sexual behavior from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance survey and the section on alcohol consumption from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey, both developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Four questions frequently used in literature to measure critical behaviors and attitudes were used to assess participants' religiosity. It was predicted that engagement in risky behaviors would be associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms while increased religiosity would be associated with lower levels. Additionally, increased religiosity would be associated with lower levels of engagement in risky behavior. Multiple regression analyses revealed that risky behavior were not significantly associated with higher depressive symptoms, while higher church attendance was associated with lower depressive symptoms. Although not considered a risky behavior, ever being forced to have sex was associated with higher depressive symptoms. Linear regression analyses revealed that increased religiosity was associated with increased engagement in risky behavior. These findings suggest that while depressive symptoms and risky behaviors are prevalent among college students, religiosity may act as a buffer and lead to lower levels of depression and risky behavior. Limitations, implications, and future research are discussed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Psychology 2014