CIRCUMSTANCES SURROUNDING EARLY PARENTHOOD IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC: LIFE STRATEGIES OF PREGNANT WOMEN AND MOTHERS UNDER THE AGE OF 20 Abstract The data gathered in the qualitative study by 58 semi-structured interviews with pregnant teenage girls or teenage mothers were used to describe relatively large scope of life circumstances connected to early pregnancies. The author examines what was the reason for becoming pregnant, how the teenagers' decision about how to respond to getting pregnant was made and how their life strategies changed under the pressure of this unpredictable event. Studying sexual behavior of adolescent mothers the author placed emphasis on partners' communication connected with first sexual intercourse and the increased risk of sexual abuse among the observed population. Furthermore, the role of "sexual socialization" in the family of origin was discussed. Concerning decision-making process- "keeping the baby or not", the main emphasis was placed on the social support networks and their influence on pregnant women's decisions. Very important issue analyzed in this part of the study is phenomenon of "wishing to have a baby". Another topics covered are the family formation process and housing conditions after opting for motherhood, in particular, the importance of marriage and the partner's...

The main objective of this study is to investigate reproduction strategies of upper-middle class group of people in Ankara and their differentiation propensities in the fragmentation process of urban space. Dispositions and everyday life practices of upper-middle group on Bourdieu&rsquo / s approach in the urban space of Ankara are analyzed on the basis of intensive interviews with upper-middle class women. In this sense, special emphasis is placed on this group&rsquo / s close family relations, investment strategies in education, housing and living space strategies.

This study examines American and British middle class expats’ educational strategies in Berlin, Germany, from a Bourdieusian perspective. I argue that globalization and an increased mover population make it necessary to study the expat population, a social group that has been largely neglected in sociological research. The study explores the elementary school choices expats make for their children in the host country and how their educational strategies relate to the expats’ inherited and acquired cultural capital. Information was gathered through the statements of six American and British interviewees, interviews which were conducted in fall 2018. The interviewees were asked questions about their elementary school choices, their educational priorities, pastime activities and their own upbringings. The educational strategies were similar to those of specific middle class groups that, according to previous research, are characterized by high cultural capital. The interviewees in this study did however prove to be more idealistic than those specific middle class groups, and they made adjustments to their educational strategies to cater for their expatriatism. The prevalence and importance of liberal values had been passed on to the interviewees by their parents. In terms of choosing schools for their children they valued individuality, independence and cultural diversity. They also valued cosmopolitanism. The interviewed expats did not necessarily see themselves as bound to one country or nationality and they wanted the same perceived freedom for their children. They primarily chose local public schools for their children in attempts to acquire cultural capital, to ensure that their children integrated culturally and developed a fluency in German. Local public schools was the natural choice for expats with German partners, while expats with expat partners often found it difficult to decide against private international schools due to their struggles with cultural integration.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:13:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Carlos Javier Cowan Ros.pdf: 3376736 bytes, checksum: 7fa5042faac4920a56e5031c29ff53f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The purpose of this study is to investigate the political praxis of the peasants from Yavi shire, in Argentina. It analyses their logics of social organisation and linkage with the political and institutional system, identifying as well the role they play in their social reproduction strategies. Through an ethnographic approach, the yavenean social structure is interpreted as a whole of different networks of mutual acquaintance and recognition kinship, social organisations, political parties, neighbourhood and religious communities- partially overlapped. Each group structures itself in base of certain elements of mutual acknowledgement, ethical principles and reciprocal relationships that rule their members behaviour. However, far from being rigid entities, these networks of mutual recognition are re-defined as a product of their members alliances and antagonisms. In the last two decades new modalities of organisation social, peasant and indigenous organisations- have emerged, favoured by the actions of the Government and NGOs representatives. Within a context of the villagers standard of living precarisation, those new social organisations dynamised the peasants s linkage between each other and with the national society as well, gaining a prominent role as resources-mobilising channels. The social mediators through the provision of material resources and world-views- contributed with the promotion of certain groups - neighbourhood community, social organisation- corporate logics of relations with external agents and the (re)emergence of identities traditionally stigmatised, particularly the ethnic one. Those social, economical and institutional transformations are contributing towards the redefinition of the traditional ways of relationship and negotiation the peasants have with the political representatives: a fact that is giving a particular dynamism to the yave?a sociability. / Este estudo indaga sobre a pr?xis pol?tica dos camponeses da comarca de Yavi, na Argentina. Analisa suas l?gicas de organiza??o social e de articula??o com o sistema pol?tico-institucional e identifica o papel que cumprem em suas estrategias de reprodu??o social. A partir de uma abordagem etnogr?fica, interpreta-se a estrutura social yave?a como um conjunto de redes de afilia??o parentesco, organiza??es sociais, partidos pol?ticos, comunidades de vizinhan?a e religiosas parcialmente sobrepostas. Cada grupo de perten?a estrutura-se em base a determinados elementos de reconhecimento m?tuo, princ?pios ?ticos e rela??es rec?procas que regram o comportamento de seus membros. Mas, longe de serem entidades r?gidas, essas redes de afilia??o s?o redefinidas conforme as alian?as e os antagonismos de seus membros. Nas duas ?ltimas d?cadas, t?m emergido novas modalidades organizativas organiza??es comunit?rias, camponesas e indigenistas favorecidas pelas a??es dos representantes do Estado e das ONGs. Em um contexto de precariza??o da qualidade de vida dos alde?es, essas novas entidades organizativas dinamizaram a articula??o dos camponeses entre si e com a sociedade nacional, e adquiriram um papel relevante como canais de mobiliza??o de recursos. Os mediadores sociais atrav?s dos recursos materiais e das vis?es de mundo que disponibilizam aos camponeses contribu?ram a promover certas redes de filia??o comunidade de vizinhan?a, organiza??es sociais , l?gicas de relacionamento corporadas com agentes externos e a (re)emerg?ncia de identidades, especialmente a ?tnica, tradicionalmente estigmatizadas. Essas transforma??es sociais, econ?micas e institucionais est?o contribuindo a redefinir as tradicionais l?gicas de relacionamento e negocia??o dos camponeses com os representantes pol?ticos, fato que imprime certo dinamismo na sociabilidade yave?a.

The capitalist mode of production has reached all spheres of society and space. Therewith, the Brazilian field is embroiled in a model of production that is characterized by the dispossession and social injustice. Thus, the agrarian space has become the place where capitalism, being the figure of the capitalist state, the Bank, or the landowner, feeds its most striking characteristics: exploration, segregation, expropriation. It is not a surprise talking about the amount of men, women and children who are fighting for a piece of land in Brazil, nor of such a precarious living with entire populations of many different states in rural villages of this country, with almost no basic infrastructure. Thus, studying the peasant, his way of life mixed with the introduction of capitalism in agriculture becomes necessary. This subject endowed with characteristics that distinguish himself of the rest of the workers in the field remains, even today, with features that diverge from what is published by the capitalist system of production. Even entered the market, selling its product in the marketplace, becoming periodically in employed rural workers, the earth still it represents life and food, the way of life. The state, being on the task of helping society (not to depart from the existing mode of production) has somewhat financially subsidized for many peasant families from welfare benefits and welfare programs. However, this assistance many times, combined with the farm work, are not yet able to meet the needs of these families. Thence the search for a job attachment able to providing this population in the field. The peasant in the county of Itabaiana is a subject with own way of life that makes himself autonomy, however, with ever greater field of capitalism, the financial dependence often becomes real in the life of this person, but regardless of being autonomous or dependent, the fact is that this social subject remains active with its own peculiarities that are at least intriguing to those who have a way of life to be standard capitalist. / O modo de produção capitalista tem alcançado todas as esferas da sociedade e espaços. Com isso o campo brasileiro está embrenhado num modelo de produzir que se caracteriza pela expropriação e injustiça sociais. Deste modo, o espaço agrário tem se tornado o espaço onde o capitalismo, seja na figura do capitalista, do Estado, do Banco, do latifundiário, alimenta suas características mais marcantes: exploração, segregação, expropriação. Não é novidade falar a respeito da quantidade de homens, mulheres e crianças que lutam por um pedaço de chão neste Brasil, tampouco da tamanha precariedade com que vive populações inteiras dos mais variados estados em povoados rurais deste país, sem nenhuma infra-estrutura básica. Por isso, estudar o camponês, seu modo de vida mesclado com a inserção do capitalismo na agricultura se faz necessário. Este sujeito dotado de particularidades que o distingue do restante dos trabalhadores, mantém-se no campo, ainda hoje, com características que divergem daquilo apregoado pelo sistema capitalista de produção. Mesmo inserido no mercado, vendendo seu produto na feira, transformando-se periodicamente em trabalhador rural assalariado, a terra ainda lhe representa a vida e o alimento, o modo de vida. O Estado, na função de assistir a sociedade (sem afastar-se do modo de produção vigente) tem de certa forma subsidiado financeiramente muitas famílias camponesas a partir de benefícios previdenciários e programas assistencialistas. Contudo, muitas vezes essa assistência, somada ao trabalho agrícola, ainda não são capazes suprir as necessidades dessas famílias. Daí a busca por um trabalho acessório capaz de assegurar essa população no campo. O camponês do município de Itabaiana é um sujeito com modo de vida próprio que lhe confere autonomia, contudo com a inserção cada vez maior do capitalismo no campo, a dependência financeira muitas vezes se torna real na vida desse sujeito, mas independentemente de ser autônomo ou dependente, o certo é que este sujeito social mantém-se ativo com suas peculiaridades que ao menos são intrigantes àqueles que têm como modo de vida o padrão capitalista de ser.