Orientador: Rosângela Aparecida de Medeiros Hespanhol / Banca: Antonio Lazaro Sant'Ana / Banca: Arthur Magon Whitacker / Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a dinâmica da produção familiar no Município de Indiana, por meio da organização social, econômica e cultural das unidades produtivas familiares. O estudo pretende enfocar o período que se estende entre a década de 1970 até o início do século XXI (2005). Além disso, buscou-se: identificar o perfil dos produtores familiares, compreender a organização interna e o estabelecimento de relações externas às unidades produtivas, analisar a importância das diferentes fontes de renda e caracterizar o desenvolvimento de estratégias de reprodução social dos produtores familiares. Desse modo, o trabalho encontra-se estruturado em quatro capítulos. No primeiro capítulo apresenta-se a fundamentação teórica e metodológica sobre a produção familiar e as estratégias de reprodução social. Também é enfocada a pluriatividade, na qual se privilegia a tentativa de definição da noção e os significados para a produção familiar do conjunto de atividades agrícolas ou não, realizadas dentro e fora da unidade produtiva, pelos membros das famílias rurais para a reprodução social no campo. / Abstract: This work has like objective purpose to analyse the dynamics of familiar production in the Indiana city, by social, economic and cultural organization of familiars productives units. The study pretends to emphasize period that extends between decade 1970 until beginning of century XXI (2005). Besides, searched for: identify the profile of familiars producers, to understand the internal organization and establishment of external relationship ace productives units, to analyse the importance of differents income's source and characterize the development of strategies social reproduction of the producer familiars. This way, the work is structured in four chapters. In first chapter shows the theoretical and methodologyc foundation about familiar production and strategies of social reproduction. Also is focalize the diversity activities, which each other privileges the experiment of definition in the notion and signification for the familiar production of group of rural activities or no, realized into and out in the productive unity by members of rural families for the social reproduction in the camp. In the second chapter discusses the formation and occupation of Indiana's city in the context of Geografic Microrregião from Presidente Prudente. Is realized the characterization how it's of point of view from District, the articulations of familiar production with the various instances from local power. In the third chapter look up to present agrarian structure in the Indiana's city, by analyse of dice and information in the animal husbandry census of IBGE (1970-1995/96). The fourth chapter shows the results of the research about field realized in the units familiars productive of rural space in the Indiana city. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-04-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:31:14Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 menegati_ra_me_prud.pdf: 1206334 bytes, checksum: 834e5c462f9c867ca75432c37f8e254d (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a dinâmica da produção familiar no Município de Indiana, por meio da organização social, econômica e cultural das unidades produtivas familiares. O estudo pretende enfocar o período que se estende entre a década de 1970 até o início do século XXI (2005). Além disso, buscou-se: identificar o perfil dos produtores familiares, compreender a organização interna e o estabelecimento de relações externas às unidades produtivas, analisar a importância das diferentes fontes de renda e caracterizar o desenvolvimento de estratégias de reprodução social dos produtores familiares. Desse modo, o trabalho encontra-se estruturado em quatro capítulos. No primeiro capítulo apresenta-se a fundamentação teórica e metodológica sobre a produção familiar e as estratégias de reprodução social. Também é enfocada a pluriatividade, na qual se privilegia a tentativa de definição da noção e os significados para a produção familiar do conjunto de atividades agrícolas ou não, realizadas dentro e fora da unidade produtiva, pelos membros das famílias rurais para a reprodução social no campo. / This work has like objective purpose to analyse the dynamics of familiar production in the Indiana city, by social, economic and cultural organization of familiars productives units. The study pretends to emphasize period that extends between decade 1970 until beginning of century XXI (2005). Besides, searched for: identify the profile of familiars producers, to understand the internal organization and establishment of external relationship ace productives units, to analyse the importance of differents income’s source and characterize the development of strategies social reproduction of the producer familiars. This way, the work is structured in four chapters. In first chapter shows the theoretical and methodologyc foundation about familiar production and strategies of social reproduction. Also is focalize the diversity activities, which each other privileges the experiment of definition in the notion and signification for the familiar production of group of rural activities or no, realized into and out in the productive unity by members of rural families for the social reproduction in the camp. In the second chapter discusses the formation and occupation of Indiana’s city in the context of Geografic Microrregião from Presidente Prudente. Is realized the characterization how it’s of point of view from District, the articulations of familiar production with the various instances from local power. In the third chapter look up to present agrarian structure in the Indiana’s city, by analyse of dice and information in the animal husbandry census of IBGE (1970-1995/96). The fourth chapter shows the results of the research about field realized in the units familiars productive of rural space in the Indiana city.

The papers assembled in this thesis all address, in a Bourdieuan tradition, the question of the social structure of the Swedish education system, focusing on the Stockholm region, and how this structure can be explained by the distribution of cultural and other assets among individuals and social groups. Although economic, social and political changes during the period covered by the various studies are not the main focus of the work here, the articles depict the effects of such changes on upper secondary education in particular. While upper secondary education was radically changed by the political reforms of the 1990s, characterized by decentralisation and marketization, the analyses advanced in the studies indicate that its basic social structure remains stable. In one dimension, this structure opposes an “elite” pole having a particularly high social and scholastic recruitment to a “popular” pole with a correspondingly low recruitment profile. In a likewise durable second dimension, a “cultural” pole built up by schools and study programmes that are particularly popular among culturally strong social groups, opposes an “economic” pole favoured by social groups close to the economic and private sectors of society. The various papers reveal that the last opposition corresponds to both differences in life styles and deeply rooted convictions related to family and formal education among cultural and economic fractions of the upper-middle and middle classes. At this level, a belief in education as a development of the personality, with connected values such as individuality and originality, stands against a conviction that education is a rational investment in a future competitive career; as such, it is subject to calculated, measured risks. The existence of deeply rooted values among social groups with different structures of assets or capital also explains why schools –in the institutional strategies imposed on them by the school market– tend to express convictions (topoi) and symbolic values that correspond to those of their target groups. The various studies included in this thesis employ a combination of statistical approaches, mainly correspondence analysis, and qualitative ones such as: interviews, ethnographic observation and text analysis.

This work treats of the analysis of the agriculture family fumageira in the municipal district of Arroio do Tigre/RS, taking potentially as starting point the strategies of reproduction of short cycle that it involves the primary section, mover of the local economy. The objective of this study was to understand and to explain the factors that influence the family farmers to choose for the production family fumageira as strategy of main reproduction, through the notes and appreciations of the analysis of secondary data and of the speech that you/they orientate the rural producers in the mark of his/her development, mainly economical. For his/her accomplishment we used the bibliographical research so much and of secondary sources, as of observations and interviews in field research. With base in the bibliography about the strategies, the socket of decision and the production forms, relationship and commercialization of the culture of the tobacco; described and to analyze the transformations in the rural space, the continuity of the activities and the difficulties of the agricultural section; looking at aspects of the relationship interns and external, of the integration system, of the farmer due to the variations of the market and their production forms and reproduction in the rural, conditions these that explain, partly, the reason for which the agriculture of family base of Arroio do Tigre sustains 2.610 families producing of tobacco reaching 90% of the rural producers. In the field research, we stimulated ourselves to unmask the reasons for which the culture of the tobacco answers for 43,8 million Real in the municipal district, as well as it represents 57% of the value produced in the property, according to data of Afubra. We also verified that the fumicultura is the car-boss of the farmers' agricultural and economical activity, however, thick way, most of the properties presents production for the self-consumption, marketing the surplus. Among the results that deserve prominence: a) we marked three types of strategies: strategy of main reproduction (I smoke); strategy of complementally reproduction (corn, wheat, bean and soy and cut livestock and milk); and strategy of basic reproduction (self-consumption); b) we identified three types of tobacco farmers: with high productive restriction, with relative restriction and low restriction; c) in relation to the important economical factors for the production of tobacco are: high gross income for hectare; financing and credit of inputs and facilities; technical support; he/she guaranteed of purchase of the harvest; I hold agricultural; intensive production system; negotiation of prices before, in the moment and powders commercialization; use of hand of family work; rusticity of the culture; possibility of two cultures and responsibility of the logistics of the product for the company. The elements no economical they are: to know to do; recognition; trust; productive tradition; safety and cooperation action between agribusinesses and fumicultor. Finally, one of the most interesting results went to notice that the families, thick way, they are not devoted the culture of the tobacco exclusively, tends in his/her property a fan of self-consumption products and some cultures returned to the market as support strategy the family farmers' reproduction in the rural space. / Este trabalho trata da análise da agricultura familiar fumageira no município de Arroio do Tigre/RS, tomando como ponto de partida as estratégias de reprodução de ciclo curto que envolve o setor primário, potencialmente movedor da economia local. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender e explicar os fatores que influenciam os agricultores familiares a optar pela produção familiar fumageira como estratégia de reprodução principal, através dos apontamentos e apreciações da análise de dados secundários e do discurso que norteiam os produtores rurais no escopo do seu desenvolvimento, principalmente econômico. Para sua realização utilizamos tanto a pesquisa bibliográfica e de fontes secundárias, como de observações e entrevistas em pesquisa de campo. Com base na bibliografia sobre as estratégias, a tomada de decisão e as formas de produção, relacionamento e comercialização da cultura do fumo; tratamos de descrever e analisar as transformações no espaço rural, a continuidade das atividades e as dificuldades do setor agrícola; atentando para aspectos da relação interna e externa, do sistema de integração, do agricultor diante das variações do mercado e suas formas de produção e reprodução no rural, condições estas que explicam, em parte, o motivo pelo qual a agricultura de base familiar de Arroio do Tigre sustenta 2.610 famílias produtoras de tabaco atingindo 90% dos produtores rurais. Na pesquisa de campo, estimulamo-nos a desvendar os motivos pelo qual a cultura do fumo responde por 43,8 milhões de reais no município, bem como representa 57% do valor produzido na propriedade, segundo dados da Afubra. Verificamos também que a fumicultura é o carro-chefe da atividade agrícola e econômica dos agricultores, contudo, grosso modo, a maioria das propriedades apresenta produção para o autoconsumo, comercializando o excedente. Dentre os resultados que merecem destaque: a) assinalamos três tipos de estratégias: estratégia de reprodução principal (fumo); estratégia de reprodução complementar (milho, trigo, feijão e soja e pecuária de corte e leite); e estratégia de reprodução básica (autoconsumo); b) identificamos três tipos de agricultores de tabaco: com alta restrição produtiva, com relativa restrição e baixa restrição; c) em relação aos fatores econômicos importantes para a produção de fumo são: alta renda bruta por hectare; financiamento e crédito de insumos e instalações; assistência técnica; garantia de compra da safra; seguro agrícola; sistema de produção intensivo; negociação de preços antes, no momento e pós comercialização; uso de mão de obra familiar; rusticidade da cultura; possibilidade de duas culturas e responsabilidade da logística do produto pela empresa. Os elementos não econômicos são: saber fazer; reconhecimento; confiança; tradição produtiva; segurança e ação de cooperação entre agroindústrias e fumicultor. Por fim, um dos resultados mais interessantes foi perceber que as famílias, grosso modo, não se dedicam exclusivamente a cultura do tabaco, tendo em sua propriedade um leque de produtos de autoconsumo e algumas culturas voltadas ao mercado como estratégia de apoio a reprodução dos agricultores familiares no espaço rural.

Preferences for sexual arousal by overstated dominance and submission in sex is categorized as F65.5, sadomasochism, according to ICD, but this behaviour is called BDSM among the general public. The ground of these preferences could be ultimately biological. These preferences reflect behavioural strategy which enables to gain higher reproductive success. Men and women who were sexually aroused by a submissive partner had more male relatives than men and women with other preferences. Contrary to the women, the dominant men reported themselves as more attractive. Women who were aroused by a higher-ranking partner considered themselves more attractive. Sons of couples in which was hierarchical disparity had more siblings than sons of "equal" couples or couples with no hierarchical disparity. Daughters of hierarchically disparate couples had more brothers than daughters of "both dominant" partners. Concurrently, number and gender of offspring as well as self- reported attractiveness are likely to be criteria of the reproductive success in humans. It is also interesting that hierarchically disparate couples, without regard to gender of higher-ranking partner, reached higher reproductive success than "equal" couples. Individuals who preferred higher- or lower-ranking partner were also aroused by...

Preferences for sexual arousal by overstated dominance and submission in sex is categorized as F65.5, sadomasochism, according to ICD, but this behaviour is called BDSM among the general public. The ground of these preferences could be ultimately biological. These preferences reflect behavioural strategy which enables to gain higher reproductive success. Men and women who were sexually aroused by a submissive partner had more male relatives than men and women with other preferences. Contrary to the women, the dominant men reported themselves as more attractive. Women who were aroused by a higher-ranking partner considered themselves more attractive. Sons of couples in which was hierarchical disparity had more siblings than sons of "equal" couples or couples with no hierarchical disparity. Daughters of hierarchically disparate couples had more brothers than daughters of "both dominant" partners. Concurrently, number and gender of offspring as well as self- reported attractiveness are likely to be criteria of the reproductive success in humans. It is also interesting that hierarchically disparate couples, without regard to gender of higher-ranking partner, reached higher reproductive success than "equal" couples. Individuals who preferred higher- or lower-ranking partner were also aroused by...