Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:07:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcioLVNM.pdf: 5750272 bytes, checksum: b9659e465f3e2145cd82ea67e7bd6083 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Nowadays, industries from all sectors have great concerns over the disposition of the residues generated along the productive process. This is not different in the mineral sector, as this generates great volumes of residues. It was verified that the kaolin improvement industry generates great volumes of residue basically constituted of kaolinite, muscovite mica and quartz, which are basic constitution elements to formularisations of ceramics masses to the production of covering of stoneware tiles type. This happens because the methodology applied to the improvement process is still very rudimentary, what causes a very low yield, only ? from all the material volume that enters the improvement process, in the end, is marketable. The disposal of this residue, in a general way, causes a very big negative environmental impact, what has justified the researches efforts aiming to find a rational solution to this problem. In this way, the intention of this present work is the utilization of this residue in the manufacture of products to high quality ceramics covering, stoneware tiles in an industrial scale. For this purpose, the influence of the addition of the residue to a standard ceramics mass used by a ceramics sector company, already established in the market, with the intention of verifying the possibility of use of this residue as the mass complementary raw material and even the possible partial or total substitution of one of the components of the mass for the raw material in evidence will be studied. To the accomplishment of this work, the kaolin improvement residue generated by an industry of exploitation and improvement of kaolin, located in the region of Equador-RN, in the levels 1,2,4,8, 16 and 32% will be added to the standard mass already used for the production of stoneware tiles. The raw materials used, kaolin residue and the standard mass, were characterized through DRX, FRX, DTA, TGA and dilatometry. After the sintering of the bodies of test, tests of water absorption, apparent porosity, post burning linear retraction, apparent specific mass and flexural strength (3 point bending) were realized to determinate the technological properties of these materials. The results show the studied residue can be considered raw material of great potential to the industry of floor and ceramics covering of the stoneware tiles type / Atualmente, h? uma grande preocupa??o por parte das ind?strias, de todos os setores, com a disposi??o dos res?duos gerados ao longo do processo produtivo. No setor mineral n?o ? diferente, pois este gera grandes volumes de res?duos. Verificou-se que a ind?stria de beneficiamento do caulim gera grandes volumes de res?duo constitu?do basicamente de caulinita, mica muscovita e quartzo, que s?o constituintes b?sicos para formula??es das massas cer?micas para produ??o de revestimento tipo porcelanato, isso se d? porque a metodologia aplicada no processo de beneficiamento ainda ? muito rudimentar o que ocasiona um rendimento muito baixo, apenas 1/4 de todo o volume de material que entra do processo de beneficiamento, ao final, ? produto comercializ?vel. O descarte desse res?duo, de um modo geral, ocasiona um impacto ambiental negativo muito grande, o que tem justificado os esfor?os de pesquisas visando encontrar uma solu??o racional para este problema. Deste modo, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo a utiliza??o desse res?duo na fabrica??o de produtos para revestimento cer?mico de alta qualidade, gr?s e/ou porcelanato, em escala industrial. Para isso ser? estudada a influ?ncia do acr?scimo do mesmo a uma massa cer?mica padr?o utilizada por uma empresa do setor cer?mico, j? consolidada no mercado, com a inten??o de verificar a possibilidade de uso desse res?duo como mat?ria-prima completar desta massa em quest?o. Para a realiza??o deste trabalho ser? adicionado o res?duo do beneficiamento do caulim gerado por uma ind?stria de explora??o e beneficiamento de caulim, localizada na regi?o de Equador-RN, nos teores de 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 e 32% na massa padr?o j? utilizada para produ??o de porcelanato. As mat?rias-primas utilizadas, res?duo de caulim e a massa padr?o, foram caracterizadas atrav?s de DRX, FRX, DTA, ATG e dilatometria. Ap?s sinteriza??o dos corpos-de-prova foram realizados ensaios de absor??o de ?gua, porosidade aparente, retra??o linear ap?s queima, massa espec?fica aparente e tens?o de ruptura ? flex?o tr?s pontos para determina??o das propriedades tecnol?gicas destes materiais. Os resultados mostram que o res?duo estudado pode ser considerado como mat?ria-prima de grande potencial para a ind?stria de pisos e revestimentos cer?micos do tipo porcelanato. De acordo com os resultados obtidos verificou-se a possibilidade de utiliza??o do res?duo de caulim em um percentual de at? 16% de adi??o a massa padr?o, MP16. Essa formula??o apresentou resultados compat?veis com os exigidos pela norma em vigor, NBR 13818/1997 Placas cer?micas para revestimento especifica??o e m?todos de ensaios, al?m de diminuir o custo da massa e o custo com energia durante o ciclo de queima. Observou-se que o valor do m?dulo de ruptura a flex?o em tr?s pontos encontrado na temperatura 1210 ?C (55,4 MPa) ? inferior ao obtido quando se sinteriza a mesma formula??o MP16 a 1230 ?C (61,3 MPa). Por?m, o exigido pela norma em vigor s?o 35 MPa, que est? muito abaixo do menor valor. Para os outros ensaios, os valores obtidos para esta formula??o sinterizada a 1210 ?C s?o sempre melhores que os resultados a 1230 ?C

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HandsonCDP.pdf: 2022014 bytes, checksum: aaf564617af745261d6c5974ffadbf18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-16 / This study aimed to assess the Cleaner Production CP as corporate sustainable tool, through the multiple case studies within companies from Rio Grande do Norte State. In order to achieve this goal a research methodology approach was set. The initial stage of the research methodology was based on a literature review on which it was observed that the CP can be linked with corporate sustainable once it prevents pollution and reduces the operational risks among employees, community and environment. In addition, CP can useful for companies position within competitive position as well as being applied to process, products and services. In order to observe these factors, CP was used within food industry (Company 1), textile industry (Company 2) and in a car dealer (Company 3). Regarding the results, Company 1 changed its raw material as well as implementing housekeeping (control use of water, energy and condensed milk). In Company 2, it was observed the three levels of CP. In other words, housekeeping (e.g. cutting process and manipulation of chemical products), changing technology (high pressure washing machine) and internal and external recycling. In addition, Company 3 considered only level 3 external recycling. As consequence, it was observed that can be applied either within industry as well as service sector. Unfortunately, it was not possible to observe any social gains on a monetary basis. This is due to limitations of the CP methodology and study complexity. Therefore, it was observed improvements regarding to social, environmental and economic areas. Nevertheless, it is necessary more commitment from top level management in order to consider CP like effective sustainable tool / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a Produ??o mais Limpa como uma ferramenta em busca da sustentabilidade empresarial, atrav?s de uma s?rie de estudos de m?ltiplos casos em empresas do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Para atingir este objetivo, primeiramente, foi efetuada uma revis?o da literatura pertinente, na qual foi observado que a PmL relaciona-se com a sustentabilidade empresarial, uma vez que de forma continuada, previne a gera??o de desperd?cio e reduz os riscos das opera??es sobre os funcion?rios, comunidade e meio ambiente. Al?m disto, a PmL contribui para posicionar as empresas em um cen?rio competitivo, podendo ainda ser aplicada aos processos produtivos e servi?os. Para se observar tais afirma??es, a ferramenta foi aplicada em uma ind?stria de alimentos (Empresa 1), em uma ind?stria t?xtil (Empresa 2), al?m de uma concession?ria de ve?culos (Empresa 3). Quanto aos resultados, na Empresa 1 foi contemplada a substitui??o de mat?ria-prima (farinha) e Housekeeping (controle do uso de ?gua, energia e leite condensado). J? a Empresa 2 foi poss?vel contemplar os tr?s n?veis de PmL, atrav?s de pr?ticas de Housekeeping (no corte e manipula??o de subst?ncias qu?micas); modifica??o tecnol?gica (instala??o de um lavador com press?o das telas de estampagem); reciclagem interna (reaproveitamento de retalhos) e reciclagem externa (fabrica??o de fuxico). Por fim, na Empresa 3, devido ao escopo estabelecido foi contemplado apenas o N?vel 3 M reciclagem externa (com segrega??o na fonte e reciclagem externa). Desta forma, observou-se que a PmL pode ser aplicada sem restri??es tanto em empresas industriais quanto prestadoras de servi?o. Enfatiza-se, ainda que n?o foi poss?vel quantificar os ganhos sociais obtidos em uma escala monet?ria, por limita??es da pr?pria ferramenta PmL e pela complexidade do estudo. Portanto, frente a analise da aplica??o da ferramenta Produ??o mais Limpa nas empresas estudadas, foi evidenciado melhoria nas vertentes ambiental, social e econ?mica, preconizadas pela sustentabilidade empresarial. Entretanto, faz necess?rio mais transpar?ncia da alta administra??o no comprometimento com continuidade das a??es, para diante disto, melhor enquadrar a PmL

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WagnoSPF.pdf: 1078094 bytes, checksum: d39dfabfdc5b06de9e657904cc04b020 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-21 / The research was carried out in the urban area in Cod?-MA, a small city the east part of Maranh?o, which has 4,228.000 km2 (IBGE, 2000) and population of 113,768 hab. (IBGE, 2008). The city is also inside Cod?-MA micro-region. The city is located in one of the lacking area in Brazil, where the Human Development Index (IDH) is approximately 0,558. It does not present an adequate model of management when talking about solid residue collecting. All of the solid residue produced and collected in the city is stored in an open area that they call lix?o , which is located in a residence area in the suburbs. Because of that, a problem that involves public health and environmental areas, we understand it is necessary to investigate the way the local government treats and manages the solid residue collecting, as well as, the social, economical and productive reality of those who are directly involved in the collecting itself, its productive chain of the material, including the handling, transportation and its final destiny. It means a social, productive, economical diagnosis, that in a such way,the local society and the organs of inspection can act in a better way to control the problems that include solid urban residue and come from a bad administration. That way, this work proposes to carry out a study that has as result a diagnosis with feasible alternatives on management, taking as basis, social and economical aspects that compound this productive chain. This work can bring great contributions to a better local reality through the introduction of an integrated and supported system of management of solid residue that includes a selective collecting and the creation of a sanitary area. Taking that into consideration, we can contribute to minimize the environmental impacts in Cod? Novo, caused by the garbage / A pesquisa foi realizada na ?rea urbana do munic?pio de Cod? MA, o qual disp?e de uma ?rea de 4.228,00Km2 (IBGE 2000) e uma popula??o de 113.768 habitantes (IBGE, 2008), pertence ? regi?o Leste do Estado do Maranh?o e est? inserida na Microrregi?o de Cod?. O munic?pio se encontra numa das regi?es mais carentes do Brasil, com ?ndice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH) na ordem de 0,558. O munic?pio n?o disp?e de um modelo adequado de gerenciamento dos res?duos s?lidos. Todos os res?duos s?lidos, produzidos no munic?pio, s?o despejados em um lix?o a c?u aberto, situado em bairro residencial da periferia da cidade. Por se tratar de um problema de grande amplitude, que envolve a sa?de p?blica e o meio ambiente, entende-se que ? necess?rio investigar o modo de gerenciamento dos Res?duos S?lidos do munic?pio, bem como a realidade s?cio-econ?mica e produtiva da popula??o de catadores, mas tamb?m a cadeia produtiva deste material, incluindo seu manejo, transporte e sua destina??o final, ou seja, um diagn?stico s?cio-produtivo-econ?mico, Esse diagn?stico pode Contribuir para que a sociedade local e os ?rg?os de fiscaliza??o realizem a??es de controle dos problemas gerados pela m? gest?o dos res?duos s?lidos urbanos. Desta forma, esse trabalho prop?s realizar um estudo que resultou num diagnostico, o qual tamb?m prop?e alternativas vi?veis de gerenciamento, tomando, como base, os aspectos econ?micos e sociais, que comp?em essa cadeia produtiva. O que visa contribuir para a melhoria da realidade local, atrav?s da implanta??o de um sistema de gest?o integrado e sustent?vel dos res?duos s?lidos, contendo coleta seletiva e implanta??o de um aterro sanit?rio. Para, desta forma, ajudar na minimiza??o dos impactos ambientais causados pelo Lix?o de Cod? Novo no munic?pio de Cod?-MA

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:37Z No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) 59.pdf: 1800639 bytes, checksum: 2a683010a1324143f5cfe6d19ea7a744 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:34:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) 59.pdf: 1800639 bytes, checksum: 2a683010a1324143f5cfe6d19ea7a744 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:34:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) 59.pdf: 1800639 bytes, checksum: 2a683010a1324143f5cfe6d19ea7a744 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / O crescimento populacional e o cen?rio industrial t?m aumentado ? produ??o de res?duos s?lidos e l?quidos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o uso do composto de res?duos da ind?stria t?xtil na cultura da alface, em campo. As doses de composto org?nico de res?duos da ind?stria t?xtil foram 0; 7,5; 15; 30 e 60 m3 ha-1 e essas foram comparadas as mesmas doses de vermicomposto e a dose de 40 m3 ha-1 de esterco bovino (tratamento adicional). Os tratamentos foram dispostos em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repeti??es em esquema de parcela subdividida, sendo as parcelas as fontes de fertilizantes e as subparcelas as doses. A dose econ?mica m?xima de composto para a massa fresca da parte a?rea foi de 27,9 m3 ha-1. Em rela??o ao vermicomposto, o composto promoveu maiores teores de P, Cu e Mn e resultado semelhante quanto ? respira??o basal, n?mero de folhas, perda acumulada de massa fresca, senesc?ncia e teores de N, K, Ca, S, B, Zn e Fe. Em rela??o ao esterco, estimou-se que dose equivalente do composto promove maiores teores de carbono org?nico e de macronutrientes, e foi semelhante quanto ? respira??o basal, perda acumulada de massa fresca, senesc?ncia e teores B, Zn, Fe e Mn. Em rela??o a outros res?duos citados na literatura o composto promoveu maior ou igual di?metro m?ximo da cabe?a, n?mero de folhas, massa fresca da parte a?rea, perda acumulada de massa fresca, teores de N, P, K, S, B, Zn e Cu. Os teores de Cu e Mn nas plantas de alface fertilizadas com o composto foram abaixo dos valores considerados t?xicos para consumo humano. A compostagem foi eficiente para o tratamento dos res?duos t?xicos da ind?stria t?xtil e o composto pode ser usado em substitui??o ao esterco bovino na cultura da alface. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT Population growth and industrial landscape have increased the production of solid and liquid waste. This study aimed to evaluate the use of compost waste from the textile industry in lettuce in the field. The doses of organic waste from the textile industry were 0; 7,5; 15, 30 and 60 m3 ha-1 and these were compared with the same doses of vermicompost and the dose of 40 m3 ha-1 of cattle manure (additional treatment). The treatments were arranged in randomized blocks, with four replications in a split-plot, and the sources of fertilizer plots and subplots doses. The economic dose of compound for maximum fresh weight of shoots was 27,9 m3 ha-1. In relation to humus, compost showed higher levels of P, Cu and Mn and a similar result as the basal respiration, leaf number, cumulative loss of weight, senescence and N, K, Ca, S, B, Zn and regarding Fe manure, it was estimated that the equivalent dose of the compound promotes higher levels of organic carbon and nutrients, and was similar for basal respiration, accumulated loss of weight, senescence and B levels, Zn, Fe and Mn. For other wastes reported in the literature the compound promoted or greater diameter of the head, leaf number, shoot fresh weight, cumulative loss of weight, N, P, K, S, B, Zn and Cu . The Cu and Mn in lettuce fertilized with compost were below those toxic for human consumption. Composting is effective for treatment of toxic waste from the textile industry and the compound can be used in place of manure on lettuce.

Data de aprova??o ausente. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-03-29T18:49:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) wagner_barbosa_souza.pdf: 2617971 bytes, checksum: 3d7e6b01cafdb0a61d93af504071663c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-04-24T16:36:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) wagner_barbosa_souza.pdf: 2617971 bytes, checksum: 3d7e6b01cafdb0a61d93af504071663c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-24T16:36:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) wagner_barbosa_souza.pdf: 2617971 bytes, checksum: 3d7e6b01cafdb0a61d93af504071663c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Com o avan?o exponencial da ind?stria de eletr?nicos, o consumo destes produtos tamb?m est? crescendo largamente. Com isso, os descartes destes equipamentos tamb?m crescem na mesma propor??o. Por ano, no mundo, estima-se que mais de 25 milh?es de toneladas de lixo eletr?nico sejam descartadas. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um novo m?todo hidrometal?rgico ambientalmente seguro para a extra??o seletiva de cobre, n?quel e prata provenientes de res?duos de placas de circuito impresso (PCI), empregando Sistemas Aquosos Bif?sicos (SAB) como t?cnica de extra??o. O comportamento de extra??o dos ?ons met?licos Cu (II), Ni(II), Fe(III) e Ag(I)em SAB formado por copol?mero tribloco L64 + MgSO4 + H2O foi avaliado para a otimiza??o do m?todo, verificando a influ?ncia dos seguintes par?metros experimentais sobre a extra??o dos analitos: valores de pH do SAB (3,0; 6,0; 9,0 e 11,0); natureza e concentra??o dos agentes extratores 1-(2-piridil-azo)-2-naftol (PAN) para os estudo de extra??o do Cu(II), 1-nitroso-2-naftol (1N2N) e dimetilglioxima (DMG) para a extra??o do ?on Ni(II), tiocianato (SCN) e ditizona (Dz) para a extra??o da Ag(I). A efici?ncia de recupera??o seletiva dos metais foi avaliada por meio da an?lise da porcentagem de extra??o (%E) e do fator de separa??o (S) entre os ?ons de interesse. As melhores condi??es para extra??o seletiva foram: PAN [3,5 mmol.Kg-1] em pH = 6,0 em 6 etapas consecutivas para separa??o do Cu(II), DMG [5,00 mmol.Kg-1] em pH = 9,0 para o Ni(II) e SCN[5,20 mmol.Kg-1] em pH = 9,0 para a Ag(I) . Em todas as situa??es foram obtidos valores de fator de separa??o(S) entre o analito e os concomitantes met?licos maiores que 103. As condi??es ?timas obtidas foram aplicadas ao lixiviado de PCI para a extra??o de cobre, n?quel e prata de forma sequencial, obtendo-se altos valores de S entre o analito e os concomitantes met?licos (SCu,Ni= 1,46 x 103, SCu,Fe= 1,55 x 104, SCu,Ag= 1,59 x 104, SNi,Fe= 3,27 x 104, SNi,Ag= 3,47 x 104 eSAg,Fe= 4,80 x 103).Ap?s a extra??o de cada metal foi realizado um estudo de stripping em uma ?nica etapa, onde 89,5%, 92,5% e 82,5% de Cu(II), Ni(II) e Ag(I), respectivamente foram disponibilizados para a etapa de eletrodeposi??o. Portanto o m?todo utilizando SAB se mostrou eficiente e dentro dos princ?pios da qu?mica verde, pois utiliza componentes at?xicos, biodegrad?veis e recicl?veis e de r?pida separa??o de fases sem a forma??o de emuls?es est?veis. Sendo um m?todo alternativo para a extra??o liquido ? liquido tradicional. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, [2016]. / With the exponential advancement of electronic industry, the consumption of these products is also growing wide. With this, the drops of this equipment also grow at the same rate. A year in the world, it is estimated that more than 25 million tons of electronic waste are disposed.This work developed a new environmentally safe hydrometallurgical method for the selective extraction of copper, nickel and silver from waste printed circuit board (PCB) using Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (SAB) as extraction technique. The extraction behavior of metal ions Cu (II), Ni (II), Fe (III) and Ag (I) SAB formed by tri-block copolymer L64 + MgSO4 + H2O was evaluated for the optimization of the method by checking the influence of the following experimental parameters on the extraction of analytes: the SAB pH (3.0, 6.0, 9.0 and 11.0); nature and concentration of agents extractors 1- (2-pyridyl-azo) -2-naphthol (PAN) Cu for the extraction method (II), the 1-nitroso-2-naphthol (1N2N) and dimethylglyoxime (DMG) for ion extraction Ni (II), thiocyanate (SCN) and dithizone (Dz) for the extraction of Ag (I).The selective metal recovery efficiency was evaluated by the percentage extraction analysis (% E) and separation factor (S) between the ions of interest. The best conditions for selective extractions were NAP [3,5 mmol.Kg-1] at pH 6.0 in 6 consecutive stages for separation of Cu (II) DMG [5.00 mmol.Kg-1] pH = 9.0 for Ni (II) and SCN [5,20 mmol.Kg-1] at pH = 9.0 for Ag (I). In all cases they were obtained separation factor values (S) between the analyte and the larger metal Concomitant 103. The obtained optimum conditions were applied to the PCI leached copper extraction, nickel and silver sequentially, yielding if high S values between the analyte and the metal concomitant (SCU, Ni = 1.46 x 103, SCU, Fe = 1.55 x 104, SCU, Ag = 1.59 x 104, SNI, Fe = 3.27 x 104, SNI, Ag = 3.47 x 104 and SAg, Fe = 4.80 x 103).After extraction of each metal it was made a study stripping in one step, where 89.5%, 92.5% and 82.5% Cu (II), Ni (II) and Ag (I), respectively, were available for the electroplating step. Therefore, the method using BSA was efficient and within the principles of green chemistry, because it uses non-toxic, biodegradable and recyclable and fast phase separation without the formation of stable emulsions components. As an alternative method for liquid - liquid extraction traditional.

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-11-09T17:45:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) lais_naiara_alves_ferreira.pdf: 2090926 bytes, checksum: 37752f038e093b4e5bfde3cc8376b432 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-11-10T12:09:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) lais_naiara_alves_ferreira.pdf: 2090926 bytes, checksum: 37752f038e093b4e5bfde3cc8376b432 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-10T12:09:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) lais_naiara_alves_ferreira.pdf: 2090926 bytes, checksum: 37752f038e093b4e5bfde3cc8376b432 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o funcionamento de uma experi?ncia de gera??o de renda inspirada nos princ?pios da economia solid?ria, a saber, as atividades produtivas da Associa??o dos Catadores de Materiais Recicl?veis de Diamantina (ACAD). Para realizar o estudo de caso sobre a ACAD, a metodologia utilizada nesta pesquisa consistiu em um levantamento bibliogr?fico, jur?dico e documental sobre diversos temas e problemas relativos a esse tipo de experi?ncia. Em primeiro lugar, foram analisadas quest?es centrais referentes aos princ?pios da economia solid?ria, seus objetivos e problemas, assim como o trabalho dos catadores de materiais recicl?veis. Posteriormente, foi realizado um levantamento a respeito das pol?ticas p?blicas de res?duos s?lidos em n?vel nacional, estadual e municipal. No ?ltimo cap?tulo, foi realizado um estudo sobre os documentos e sobre parte do cotidiano da referida associa??o observado durante a participa??o em um projeto de extens?o, com o objetivo de compreender seu funcionamento, suas caracter?sticas, seus desafios e suas rela??es com o poder p?blico local. Verificou-se, por fim, que a ACAD tem apresentado dificuldades para manter seu funcionamento de acordo com os princ?pios da economia solid?ria e para se manter de forma aut?noma em rela??o ? Prefeitura Municipal de Diamantina. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Humanas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2018. / The present work aims to analyze the functioning of an income generation experience inspired by the principles of solidarity economy, namely, the productive activities of the Association of Collectors of Recyclable Materials of Diamantina (ACAD). In order to carry out the case study on ACAD, the methodology used in this research consisted of a bibliographic, legal and documentary survey on various themes and problems related to this type of experience. Firstly, central issues were discussed concerning the principles of solidarity economy, its objectives and problems, as well as the work of collectors of recyclable materials. Subsequently, a survey was carried out on the public policies of solid waste at national, state and municipal levels. In the last chapter, a study was carried out on the documents and part of the quotidian of this association observed during the participation in an extension project, with the objective of understanding it?s functioning, its characteristics, its challenges and its relations with local public power. Finally, it was verified that ACAD has presented difficulties to maintain its operation in accordance with the principles of the solidarity economy and to maintain itself autonomously in relation to the Municipality of Diamantina.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeticiaOC_DISSERT.pdf: 1957366 bytes, checksum: aa5e54916560ae5630fffcf811a9be90 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The worldwide concern regarding the use of sustainable energy and preserving the environment are determining factors in the search for resources and alternative sources of energy and therefore fuel less aggressive nature. In response to these difficulties Biodiesel has emerged as a good solution because it is produced from renewable sources, produces burns cleaner and is easily reproducible. This work was synthesized with biodiesel oil, sunflower via homogeneous catalysis in the presence of KOH, with and without the use of BHT and subsequently added to the blends BX (a proportion of biodiesel X = 5, 10, 15 and 20 %). Atmospheric distillation of the analysis, performed in blends with and without BHT were collected residue generated by each sample and performed a study heat from the thermogravimetric analysis at a heating rate of 10 ?C*min-1, nitrogen atmosphere and heating to 600 ?C. According to the specifications of Resolution N 7/2008 for biodiesel, it was found that the synthesized material was in accordance with the specifications. For blends showed that the samples are in accordance with the Resolution of ANP N 42/2009. From the TG / DTG curves of the samples of biodiesel, blends and waste can be seen that these show a single loss of thermal decomposition concerning constituents present in each sample. The blends without BHT with ratios of 5%, 10% and 15% biodiesel showed a lower amount of waste (1,07%; 1,09% e 1,10%) to mineral diesel (1,15%). Therefore, it is concluded that the addition of biodiesel with diesel mineral can improve some physico-chemical parameters, but also, depending on the added amount, decreasing the amount of waste generated. This fact is of great importance because the carbonaceous residue can cause problems in mechanical equipment and parts for vehicles, causing more frequent maintenance, and this is not desirable / A preocupa??o mundial com rela??o ao uso sustent?vel de energia e a preserva??o do meio-ambiente s?o fatores determinantes na busca por meios e fontes alternativas de energia e, consequentemente, de combust?veis menos agressivos ? natureza. Em resposta a essas dificuldades o Biodiesel tem se apresentado como uma boa solu??o, pois ? produzido a partir de fontes renov?veis, produz queima mais limpa e ? de f?cil reprodutibilidade. Neste trabalho, foi sintetizado biodiesel com o ?leo de girassol, via cat?lise homog?nea na presen?a de KOH, com e sem o uso de BHT, e posteriormente, adicionado ?s blendas BX (com propor??es de biodiesel de X = 5, 10, 15 e 20%). Da an?lise de Destila??o Atmosf?rica, realizada nas blendas com e sem BHT, foram coletados o res?duo gerado por cada amostra e efetuado um estudo t?rmico, a partir da An?lise Termogravim?trica, na raz?o de aquecimento de 10 ?C.min-1, atmosfera de nitrog?nio e aquecimento at? 600 ?C. De acordo com as especifica??es da Resolu??o N? 7/2008 para o biodiesel, verifica-se que o material sintetizado encontra-se em conformidade com as especifica??es. Para as blendas observa-se que as amostras est?o de acordo com a Resolu??o da ANP N? 42/2009. A partir das curvas TG/ DTG das amostras de biodiesel e res?duos pode-se observar que estas apresentaram uma ?nica perda de decomposi??o t?rmica referentes aos constituintes presentes em cada amostra. J? para as blendas, observam-se duas perdas de decomposi??o t?rmica, comprovadas pela DTG, referentes aos componentes do ?leo diesel e do biodiesel. As blendas sem BHT com propor??es de biodiesel de 5%, 10% e 15% apresentaram uma quantidade de res?duo (1,07%; 1,09% e 1,10%) inferior ao diesel mineral (1,15%). Sendo assim, conclui-se que a adi??o de biodiesel ao diesel mineral pode contribuir para melhorar alguns par?metros f?sico-qu?micos, como, tamb?m, dependendo da quantidade adicionada, diminuir a quantidade de res?duo gerado. Este fato ? de grande relev?ncia, pois o res?duo carbon?ceo pode causar problemas mec?nicos em equipamentos e pe?as dos ve?culos, causando manuten??es mais frequentes, e este aspecto n?o ? desej?vel

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-01T19:19:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WagnerLuizAlvesDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 7206458 bytes, checksum: 4db11258f6d8ec7eb29bea48116b52ff (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-06T20:27:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 WagnerLuizAlvesDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 7206458 bytes, checksum: 4db11258f6d8ec7eb29bea48116b52ff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-06T20:27:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WagnerLuizAlvesDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 7206458 bytes, checksum: 4db11258f6d8ec7eb29bea48116b52ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-26 / A problem?tica dos res?duos s?lidos que envolve a gest?o, o gerenciamento e a destina??o desses ? uma quest?o que permeia todas as esferas da sociedade, o qual denota implica??es ambientais que contribuem para o debate da crise ambiental em curso. Nessa perspectiva, esse estudo tem por objetivo investigar e conhecer o papel que os cons?rcios, em especial o Cons?rcio P?blico Regional de Res?duos S?lidos do Serid?/RN, t?m na gest?o dos res?duos, com o prop?sito de observar suas fortalezas e debilidades, com o intuito de concluir se estes s?o uma solu??o adequada para a problem?tica dos res?duos s?lidos. Ao estudarmos uma regi?o que est? passando por um processo de organiza??o institucional pautada nos res?duos s?lidos, o foco transformou-se em um ponto de investiga??o acad?mica interessante. Se tratando de uma pesquisa qualitativa, foram realizadas leituras de autores pertinentes ao objeto e dos seguintes marcos legais, a saber: a Pol?tica Nacional de Saneamento B?sico (Lei n? 11.445/2007), a Pol?tica Nacional de Res?duos S?lidos (Lei n? 12.305/2010) e a Lei de Cons?rcios P?blicos (Lei n? 11.107/2005). A regi?o consorciada possui cerca de 290.000 habitantes, sendo geradas 40.000 toneladas de res?duos ao ano. Quanto ? destina??o final dos res?duos, todos os munic?pios da regi?o depositam seus res?duos a c?u aberto, ou seja, em lix?es. Na an?lise sobre o Cons?rcio do Serid?, foi identificado um rol de quest?es que est?o dificultando a sua implementa??o. As demandas passam, principalmente, pela esfera pol?tica, mas tamb?m por aspectos financeiros, t?cnicos e log?sticos. Espera-se que, com a efetiva??o do Cons?rcio atrav?s da constru??o das suas estruturas de apoio (Esta??es de transbordo e Aterro Sanit?rio), um novo modelo de gest?o dos res?duos s?lidos seja implantado. / The problem of solid waste that involves the management, the management and the allocation of these is an issue that permeates all spheres of society, which denotes environmental implications that contribute to the discussion of the environmental crisis in progress. From this perspective, this study aims to investigate and understand the role that consortia, especially the Regional Public Waste Consortium Solid Serid?/RN have waste management, in order to observe their strengths and weaknesses in order to conclude whether they are an appropriate solution to the problem of solid waste. In studying a region that is undergoing a process of institutional organization guided in the solid waste, the focus turned into an interesting academic research point. Since this is a qualitative research, readings were taken of relevant authors to the object and the following legal frameworks, namely: the National Basic Sanitation Policy (Law n? 11.445/2007), the National Policy on Solid Waste (Law n? 12.305/2010 ) and the Law on Public Consortia (Law n? 11.107/2005). The consortium region has about 290.000 inhabitants, generated 40.000 tons of waste a year. As for the final disposal of waste, all municipalities in the region deposit their waste in the open, or in garbage dumps. In the analysis of the Consortium Serid?, a list of issues that are hindering their implementation has been identified. The demands come mainly from the political sphere, but also financial, technical and logistical. It is expected that with the realization of the Consortium by building its supporting structures (overfill Station and Landfill), a new model of solid waste management is implemented.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-07-11T17:48:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroAugustoFilgueiraAlbuquerque_DISSERT.pdf: 1985102 bytes, checksum: bc61bd8f1b67eac3054bd5562ab5f2d6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-18T21:13:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroAugustoFilgueiraAlbuquerque_DISSERT.pdf: 1985102 bytes, checksum: bc61bd8f1b67eac3054bd5562ab5f2d6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T21:13:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroAugustoFilgueiraAlbuquerque_DISSERT.pdf: 1985102 bytes, checksum: bc61bd8f1b67eac3054bd5562ab5f2d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-10 / Atualmente o crescimento acelerado dos centros urbanos, o ac?mulo de demandas socioambientais, a rela??o entre pol?ticas p?blicas e resolu??o de problemas cada vez mais complexos acentua a sensa??o de que as cidades passam por uma crise urbana. Esta crise tem como principal caracter?stica sua multidimensionalidade, passa por quest?es econ?micas, culturais, ?ticas, ambientais e, sobretudo, pol?tica. No intuito de estudar em profundidade esta crise que se manifesta pelo processo de urbaniza??o e tem nas metr?poles sua exacerba??o, foi realizado estudo te?rico conceitual acerca do sentido de desenvolvimento sustent?vel aplicado ? realidade das cidades, extraindo desse debate os conceitos: desenvolvimento territorial sustent?vel, sustentabilidade administrativa e sustentabilidade pol?tica. A fim de testar a aplicabilidade pr?tica destes conceitos te?ricos, estudou-se em profundidade a realidade da gest?o dos res?duos s?lidos urbanos na metr?pole de Natal. De acordo com o recente debate te?rico, os res?duos compreendem um setor da crise ambiental urbana que melhor representa a rela??o entre homem e meio ambiente. Garantindo a multidimensionalidade das quest?es ambientais por meio do Saber Ambiental, foi feito um estudo qualitativo em profundidade, correlacionando os conceitos de desenvolvimento territorial sustent?vel, governan?a metropolitana e Saber Ambiental aplicado aos res?duos s?lidos. Os resultados apontam para os reais desafios das administra??es p?blicas municipais em compreender, agir e mudar a in?rcia na qual v?m operando nas ?ltimas d?cadas. Os resultados tamb?m demonstraram a import?ncia de transformar as quest?es ambientais, em desafios pol?ticos, ou seja, embate por ideias, refer?ncias ideol?gicas e ?ticas. / Nowadays the rapid growth of urban centers, the accumulation of social and environmental demands, the relationship between public policy and increasingly complex problems accentuates the feeling that cities undergo an urban crisis. This crisis is especially characterized by its multidimensionality, which goes through economic, cultural, ethical, environmental and, above all, political issues. In order to study the core of this crisis that is manifested by the urbanization process and has in its exacerbation on the metropolitan areas was conducted conceptual and theoretical study of the meaning of sustainable development applied to the everyday reality of cities, extracting from this debate concepts, such as: sustainable territorial development, administrative sustainability and political sustainability. Looking forward to test this the practical applicability of these theoretical concepts studied, an empirical study was done on the reality of metropolitan solid waste in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. According to the recent theoretical debate, the waste comprises a sector of the urban environmental crisis that best represents the relationship between man and environment. Ensuring the multidimensionality of environmental issues through the ?Saber Ambietal? (LEFF, 2005), was made a extensive qualitative study correlating the concepts of sustainable territorial development, metropolitan governance and ?Saber Ambiental? applied on solid waste. The results point to the real challenges of municipal government in understanding the real situation, take action and change the inertia in which have operated in recent decades. The results also showed the importance of transforming environmental issues in political, in other words, struggle for ideas, ideological and ethical references.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-07-25T22:13:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DiegoDaRochaFernandes_DISSERT.pdf: 4203499 bytes, checksum: bc350f3c15f0ad7189e0dd1ad9507515 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-03T22:06:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DiegoDaRochaFernandes_DISSERT.pdf: 4203499 bytes, checksum: bc350f3c15f0ad7189e0dd1ad9507515 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T22:06:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DiegoDaRochaFernandes_DISSERT.pdf: 4203499 bytes, checksum: bc350f3c15f0ad7189e0dd1ad9507515 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Nos ?ltimos 30 anos, a produ??o dos lix?es vem crescendo vertiginosamente nas cidades, a um s? tempo em que, na grande parte dos munic?pios brasileiros, constata-se a inexist?ncia de reflex?o te?rica sobre pol?ticas p?blicas, e estrat?gias em gest?o e gerenciamento integrado de Res?duos S?lidos Urbanos (RSU) e rejeitos. A destina??o e disposi??o final inadequada do RSU resultam em graves problemas socioambientais e desperd?cio de materiais que podem ser usados em reciclagem ou reaproveitamento, al?m de trazer enormes desafios para a estrat?gia da Gest?o Ambiental Urbana, considerando a edifica??o da Cidade Sustent?vel. Diante disso, o presente trabalho procura avaliar a problem?tica do RSU sob a perspectiva jur?dico-ambiental, considerando as pol?ticas p?blicas ambientais e as tecnologias sociais como t?ticas para a resolu??o dessa problem?tica. Assim, mediante a an?lise de leis, textos cient?ficos e a doutrina do Direito Ambiental, pertinentes ? tem?tica, a proposta apresentada ? uma pesquisa de metodologia interdisciplinar, com m?todo bibliogr?fico, acerca dos aspectos te?ricos das diretrizes jur?dico-ambientais, das pol?ticas p?blicas e das tecnologias sociais. Elementos te?ricos, pois, essenciais na concep??o de um Plano Municipal de Gest?o Integrada de Res?duos S?lidos (PMGIRS) - modus operandi da Lei federal n. 12.305/2010 (Pol?tica Nacional de Res?duos S?lidos - PNRS). Tal pol?tica normativa ? imprescind?vel ? capta??o de recursos econ?micos do Governo Federal (Minist?rio das Cidades; idem, Decreto federal n. 7.404/10 e Lei federal n. 10.257/2001) para a preserva??o do meio ambiente, desenvolvimento regional, gera??o de emprego e renda (art. 6?), al?m do custeamento de empresas privadas especializadas no gerenciamento do RSU. Consequentemente, a PNRS traz diretrizes ?s cidades brasileiras, devendo-se ser poss?vel a operacionaliza??o desta pol?tica normativa atrav?s da teoria das Tecnologias Sociais (TS) por quest?es de interesses sociais, jur?dicos, econ?micos e ambientais. Portanto, a pesquisa analisa a possibilidade de gest?o ambiental de res?duos s?lidos frente ao bin?mio desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade no espa?o urbano. / rates in the Brazilian cities, which time there is an inexistent theoretical reflection about public policy statement adding the way of Urban Solid Waste (USW) and tailing integrated management plans in the majorly Brazilian cities. The unappropriated solid waste disposal and final pollution result in a strong socioenvironmental problems and material extravagancies that should be used to recycling and reusing waste material, besides bringing immense challenges for the thematic Strategy Urban and Environmental Management it considers the Sustainable City Model. Moreover, this labor projects a discussion about USW problematic through legally and environmentally point of view, including the public environmental policy and the social technologies as resolution tactics. At that time, it reports rights, scientific articles, documents and Environmental Law Doctrine on findings thematic studies, also the propose displays an interdisciplinary research methodology which combines bibliographic method - focusing theory aspects of the legally environmentally guiding principle, public policy and social technologies. Those are theorist features very important to create a Municipal Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan (PMGIRS) - modus operandi of the Federal Law n. 12.305/2010 (National Solid Waste Policy - PNRS). That policy is interesting to receive financial resources from federal government (Cities Ministry; idem, Federal Decree n. 7.404/2010 and Federal Law n. 10.257/2001) helping the preservation of the environment, regional development, generation of jobs and income (art. 6?), in addition broadening spreading?s private companies dedicated to waste management. Consequently, the PNRS contains a set of guidelines and general procedures; it should be an operation of this legal policy contextualized by Social Technologies theory (TS) into social issues, legal, economic and environmental aspects. Therefore, this research notes the possibility of public policy statement implementation over and done with the PNRS by the terms of development and sustainability in the urban space.