A globalização e os avanços tecnológicos provocam mudanças muito rápidas, gerando incertezas e dificultando a tomada de decisões em organizações. O uso de um Sistema de Inteligência Competitiva (SIC) fornece informações analisadas, permitindo a tomada de decisões com segurança em um curto espaço de tempo, facilitando a sobrevivência de organizações em um cenário competitivo. Algumas das técnicas utilizadas no campo da Inteligência Competitiva (IC) são aplicáveis para monitorar tendências tecnológicas e de inovação, sendo assim, são aplicáveis a laboratórios de pesquisa acadêmica que visam ao desenvolvimento tecnológico, à inovação e à solução de problemas práticos. O Laboratório de Eletrônica Embarcada (LEE) é frequentado por alunos de graduação e pós-graduação (mestrado e doutorado) da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos. Por ser um ambiente acadêmico, de formação de pessoas, existe alta rotatividade de recursos humanos, o que é prejudicial do ponto de vista de conhecimento. Cada pesquisador que se forma leva consigo todo o material e conhecimento adquiridos durante a pesquisa. Daí surge o interesse da coordenação do LEE em gerir o conhecimento e implantar um Sistema de Inteligência Competitiva (SIC) através do uso de ferramentas computacionais que auxiliem o processo de gerenciar o conhecimento. Utilizou-se para a implementação do SIC o software Zotero, disponibilizando informações sobre as pesquisas realizadas ou em andamento no LEE, principalmente o material bibliográfico já levantado por outros pesquisadores, facilitando a revisão de literatura dos novos alunos, a escrita de artigos científicos e a escolha do tema de pesquisa. Como resultados, obteve-se a redução do tempo gasto com a pesquisa bibliográfica e com a confecção de citações e referências, visto que o software realiza estas operações automaticamente, além de auxiliar na tomada de decisões, como por exemplo, a escolha do tema da pesquisa, pois a IC dá suporte à tomada de decisões baseadas nas análises já efetuadas por outros pesquisadores. Conclui-se que as facilidades oferecidas pelo Zotero contribuíram para a diminuição do tempo gasto com a pesquisa bibliográfica e escrita de artigos científicos. Sua característica de promover interação entre equipes e apoiar as atividades de IC nas fases de coleta e análise, além de gerar relatórios sucintos e objetivos sobre o conteúdo armazenado, o constituem como uma boa escolha para a implementação do SIC em um laboratório de pesquisas. A centralização do banco de dados em um servidor interno contribuiu para a segurança da informação. / Globalization and technological advances lead to very rapid changes, creating uncertainty and hindering the decision-making in organizations. The use of a Competitive Intelligence System (CIS) provides analyzed information, allowing making safe decisions within a short time, facilitating the survival of organizations in a competitive landscape. Some of the techniques used in the field of Competitive Intelligence (CI) are applicable to monitor technological and innovation trends, therefore, they are applicable to academic research laboratories aimed at technological development, innovation and practical problem solving. The Embedded Electronics Laboratory (EEL) is attended by undergraduate and postgraduate students (Masters and PhD) of the School of Engineering of São Carlos. Being an academic environment, there is high turnover of human resources, which is detrimental from the standpoint of knowledge. Each researcher who obtains his degree takes away all the material and knowledge acquired during the research. Hence, the coordination of the EEL has been interested in deploying a Competitive Intelligence System (CIS) through the use of computational tools that assist the process of managing knowledge. The Zotero software was used for the implementation, providing information on the completed or in progress researches which are developed at the EEL, especially the bibliography already consulted by other researchers, helping literature review, writing papers and choice of research topic for the new students. As a result, the time spent on bibliographic research and the preparation of quotations and references was reduced, since the software automatically performs these operations, and helps the decision-making, as example, guides the choice of research topic, since the CI supports the decision-making based in the analysis already performed by other researchers. The facilities offered by Zotero contributed to the decreased time spent on literature review and writing papers. Its characteristic to promote interaction among teams and support the activities of CI during the stages of collection and analysis, besides generating succinct and objective reports on the stored content, constitute it as a good choice for the implementation of the SIC in a research lab. The centralization of the database on an internal server contributed to the security of information.

As pesquisas na área da saúde tem sido desenvolvidas com recursos governamentais obtidos junto às agências de fomento ou com recursos próprios das instituições, num esforço conjunto para a obtenção de parâmetros, em que se destacam os estudos epidemiológicos, voltados à melhoria na resolutividade dos problemas de saúde da população. A inserção da temática “Gestão em Serviços de Saúde” na área epidemiológica surge do enfoque multidisciplinar como uma forma de complementar os estudos trazendo conhecimentos oriundos da Administração para a abordagem das questões relativas à qualidade na atenção, eqüidade, identificação dos agravos de saúde, novas tecnologias e avaliação de custoefetividade das intervenções em saúde. A capacidade de auto-sustentabilidade de um laboratório de pesquisa de uma instituição pública de saúde em relação aos seus recursos financeiros e materiais e ao desenvolvimento do seu potencial humano de forma efetiva e eficaz é o foco deste trabalho que tem por objetivo desenvolver e aplicar o sistema gerencial Balanced Scorecard (BSC) no Centro de Terapia Gênica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. O desenvolvimento do Balanced Scorecard no Centro de Terapia Gênica foi realizado em duas etapas: a primeiro, voltada à construção do modelo conceitual através da elaboração do Mapa Estratégico e a segunda, à definição do Plano de Ação com a seleção das áreas de indicadores do laboratório. As referências usadas nessas fases foram a revisão da literatura sobre o BSC e seu desenvolvimento em outras organizações do setor público e privado, a análise exploratória dos indicadores de desempenho sugeridos pela Associação Brasileira das Instituições de Pesquisa Tecnológica (ABIPTI), o Planejamento Estratégico do Hospital de Clínicas e o levantamento dos dados do laboratório. Os resultados obtidos indicam a viabilidade da aplicação do BSC em um laboratório de pesquisa de um hospital público de ensino. Mostram, também, que a administração das atividades de pesquisa, vista sob uma perspectiva estratégica, torna a multidisciplinaridade de conhecimentos presentes em uma instituição como um fator importante para a busca das melhores práticas gerenciais que contribuam para agregar valor científico, tecnológico e econômico às atividades de pesquisa e desta forma, auxiliem a impulsionar as atividades de P&D na organização. / The researches in healthcare have been being developed with government resources or the institutions own resources, in an joint effort to obtain parameters in which the epidemiologic studies outstand , aiming at the improvement of the solution of the health problems of the population. The insertion of the issue " Administration in Healthcare Organizations " in the epidemiologic area comes from the multidisciplinary focus as a way of complementing the studies bringing knowledge originated from the Administration to the approach of issues such as the quality of the attention, access, identification of diseases, new technology and the evaluation of cost-effectiveness of the health care intervention. The capacity of self-sustainability of a research laboratory of a public institution of healthcare in relation to its financial and material resources and to the development of its human potential capital in an effective and efficient way is the focus of this work that has as objective to develop and to apply the system management called Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in the Center for Gene Therapy of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. The development of the Balanced Scorecard in Center for Gene Therapy was accomplished in two stages: firstly, aiming at the construction of the conceptual model through the elaboration of the Strategic Map and, secondly, to the definition of the Plan of Action with the selection of the performance measures of the laboratory. The references used in those phases were the revision of the literature on BSC and its development in other public and private organizations, the exploratory analysis of the performance measures suggested by the Brazilian Association of the Technological Research Institutions (ABIPTI), the Strategic Planning of the Hospital de Clinicas and the obtaining of the data of the laboratory. The results obtained indicate the viability of the application of BSC in a research laboratory of a public hospital. They also show that the administration of research activities, seen under a strategic perspective, turns the multidisciplinary knowledge present in an institution as an important factor for the search of the best managerial practices that contribute to join scientific, technological and economic value to the research activities and this way, help to impel the activities of P&D in the organization.

Orientadores: Rubens Maciel Filho, Marcelo de Carvalho Reis / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T16:16:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_JorgeVicenteLopesda_D.pdf: 2220964 bytes, checksum: ee65ed039527559f9cf092c3f17a0a31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Laboratórios de pesquisa universitários são ambientes únicos com intensas atividades do conhecimento. Porém, não é raro verificar uma falta de organização sistemática de seus processos de gestão e a integração satisfatória de estratégias, missão, pessoal, infra-estrutura e atividades do conhecimento. Esta tese discute as motivações, necessidades e propõe um modelo de capacidade para a gestão estratégica desse ambiente. O modelo tem por objetivo auxiliar na avaliação e melhoria da capacidade de seus processos e servir como referência na gestão de laboratórios. O modelo é composto de 17 processos divididos em quatro grupos: gestão estratégica, infra-estrutura, gestão do conhecimento, e gestão de pessoal e cultura. Cada processo individualmente é composto de resultados, práticas base e artefatos. Os processos foram criados a partir de levantamento em quatro laboratórios de pesquisa e da literatura em gestão da pesquisa, gestão do conhecimento, modelos para gestão organizacional e modelos de capacidade de processo. O modelo é aderente às especificações da recente norma ISO/IEC 15504 para criação de modelos de capacidade de processo preenchendo uma lacuna na área de modelos de gestão de pesquisa. Cada processo pode ser avaliado individualmente segundo níveis de capacidade (incompleto, executado, gerenciado, estabelecido, previsível, em otimização) de acordo com atributos atendidos. A proposta está em linha com a tendência mundial de estabelecimento de modelos de capacidade de processos para vários domínios do conhecimento. O modelo foi validado em duas diferentes comunidades de gestores de pesquisa: os gestores de pesquisa e os gestores de pesquisa com experiência em melhoria de processos. A proposta atende aos requisitos de que é possível um modelo de capacidade de processos para a melhoria e avaliação dos processos mais relevantes nos laboratórios universitários. A sua contribuição se dá como uma ferramenta auxiliar na gestão estratégica da pesquisa universitária. Como trabalhos decorrentes, há espaço para que esse seja aprimorado com o seu uso mais intenso e às condições, tamanho e foco de cada laboratório ou domínio de atuação / Abstract: University Research Laboratory (URLab) is a unique environment that performs knowledge-intensive activities. It is the live cell of research in the university environment. However, it is not rare to observe a lack of systematic organization in its management processes to consider a satisfactory integrated vision associating the strategy, mission, people, culture, infrastructure, and mainly knowledge actions. This thesis discusses the motivations, necessities and the basis of a framework for the strategic management of this environment. The proposed framework intends to assist URLabs to place its strategic management into a higher level of maturity. It is a set of 17 individual processes sorted in four main groups to know: strategic management, infrastructure management, knowledge management, and people and culture. Each individual process includes a scope, outcomes, basic practices, and work products. The framework considers the best practices investigated in some URLabs and the technical and scientific literature on knowledge management, research management, organizational management, and capability models. Each process can be placed in one of the five different hierarchical capability level (incomplete, performed, managed, established, predictable and optimizing), according to attributes fulfilled. The proposed framework uses the architecture and some of the most generic processes of the ISO/IEC 15504-5 International Standard as a reference. The ISO/IEC recently published this suite of standards, composed of five parts that provide definitions and requirements to create capability models. Nowadays, there is a tendency to spread the use of process capability assessment and improvement frameworks for different domains of the knowledge. Therefore, the framework for URLabs is in line with the tenor on process capability models. Two different communities validated the framework: the community of managers of research and the community of researchers with experience in process improvement. This framework intends to be useful as a reference to assess and improve strategic management in URLabs. It can also be useful for funding agencies as a formal mechanism to decide on grants for research, based on the URLabs' management capability profile. It is an open proposal that can be adapted and improved for different classes of URLabs in terms of size, focus, and culture / Doutorado / Desenvolvimento de Processos Químicos / Doutor em Engenharia Química

Underground Research Laboratories (URLs) allow geoscientific in-situ experiments at large scale. At the Mont Terri URL in Switzerland, international research groups conduct numerous experiments in parallel. The measured and simulated data as well as research results obtained from them are highly relevant as they improve the general understanding of geological processes, for example in the context of radioactive waste disposal. Unfortunately, the data obtained at the test site is often only available to researchers who are directly involved in a particular experiment. Furthermore, typical visualisation techniques of such data by domain scientists often lack spatial context and accessing and exploring the data requires prior technical knowledge and a high level of effort.We created a digital replica of the Mont Terri URL and thereby implemented a prototype of a Virtual Experiment Information System that integrates highly heterogeneous data from several different sources. It allows accessing and exploring the relevant data embedded in its spatial context without much prior technical knowledge. Both, simulation results and observation data are displayed within the same system. The 4D visualisation approach focuses on three exemplary experiments conducted at Mont Terri and is easily transferable to other experiments or even other URLs. The Unity Game Engine has been used to develop the prototype. This allowed to build the application for various output devices like desktop computers or Virtual Reality hardware without much additional effort. The implemented system reduces the technical effort required to access and explore highly relevant research data and lowers the cognitive effort usually needed to gain insights from measurements, simulation models and context data. Moreover, it promotes exchange among research groups by enabling interactive visualisations embedded in the URL’s spatial context. In addition, a future use of the system for the communication of scientific methods and results to stakeholders or the general public is plausible.

In the published article, there was an error concerning the FE Experiment. Incorrect information was used regarding the heaters’ power and temperature. A correction has been made to Chapter 3: Visualisation of Selected Experiments, Sub-section 3.3 “Full- Scale Emplacement Experiment”, Paragraph 1. The sentence previously stated: “They work with up to 1,500W each and emit heat up to 195°C.” The corrected sentence now states: “They work with up to 1,350W each and emit heat up to 135°C.” The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.

In tracing the history of the TIROS meteorological satellite system, this dissertation details the convergence of two communities: the DOD space scientists who established US capability to launch and operate these remote sensing systems and the US Weather Bureau meteorologists who would be the managers and users of satellite data. Between 1946 and 1964, these persons participated in successive coalitions. These coalitions were necessary in part because satellite systems were too big—geographically, fiscally, and technically—to be developed and operated within a single institution. Thus, TIROS technologies and people trace their roots to several research centers—institutions that the USWB and later NASA attempted to coordinate for US R&D. The gradual transfer of persons and hardware from the armed services to the non-military NASA sheds light on the US’s evolution as a Cold War global power, shaped from the “top-down” (by the executive and legislative branches) as well as the “bottom-up” (by military and non-military scientific communities). Through these successive coalitions, actor terms centered on “basic science” or the circulation of atmospheric data were used to help define bureaucratic places (the Upper Atmospheric Rocket Research Panel, International Geophysical Year, NASA, and the World Weather Watch) in which basic research would be supported by sustained and collaboration could take place with international partners.

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This study examined students' perception between short research experiences (SRE) courses and full-semester course research experiences (CRE) using the Persistence in the Sciences (PITS) survey and the interview questionnaire. The study also aimed to correlate the influence of student's demographic as a predictive indicator for Project Ownership Scores (POS) and Quantitative Literacy (QL) score means. The three courses studied at the University of North Texas were Biology for Science Majors Laboratory (BIOL 1760 SRE), Microbiology with Tiny Earth (BIOL 2042 Tiny Earth SRE), and Introductory Biology Research Laboratory I (BIOL 1750 SEA-PHAGES CRE). The mean scores for the PITS categories leaned favorably towards the research component of each laboratory course assessed in this study. The interview questionnaire showed 66% of the students in the SRE courses and 90% of the students in the CRE course preferred the research component of the lab. Paired survey demographic analysis for BIOL 1760 SRE showed significance for the Science Community Values with associate/bachelor's degree. BIOL 1750 SEA-PHAGES CRE showed significance in three of the six categories when comparing means for Project Ownership Emotion, Self-Efficacy, and Science Identity with Gender. Binary logistics was used to build a regression model to predict demographics with approximately 65% to 75% accuracy for each course. When analyzing students' QL score, the demographic category "Ethnicity" showed significance for BIOL 2042 Tiny Earth SRE. Categorizing the correct response into two categories for the QL test scores, the SRE and CRE courses, and analyzing the PITS scores for paired data sets showed that there was significance in the Networking category for the question "I have discussed my research in this course with professors other than my course instructor." The validated PITS, POS, and interview questionnaire could be a tool for use to analyze laboratories at UNT that offer a SRE or CRE component and to understand students' perceptions on the effectiveness of the laboratory.