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11	Nájem bytu / Residential Lease Krejčířová, Šárka January 2012 (has links) The dissertation is focused on the analysis of the institute of residential lease. At the beginning a brief historical progress of the legal regulations of the lease of the apartment is described with the reference to social circumstances which influenced it. Subsequently, attention is paid to the lease agreement as the legal reason for using an apartment. The dissertation deals also with the object of the lease agreement, i.e. with the apartment and its definition in the legal regulations, and also with the subjects of the lease agreement, i.e. with the landlord and the tenant. In the next part the dissertation describes rights and obligations of the contracting parties. A special chapter is dedicated to the rent, as one of the essential requirements of the lease agreement. Also the institutes of the subtenancy, passage of the lease of flat and exchange of the apartments are mentioned. Furthermore, the issue of the termination of the lease is elaborated in detail. The whole dissertation contains also important rulings of the courts and presents changes that will come into effect with new civil code.
12	Manifestações patológicas em edifícios do Programa de Arrendamento Residencial (PAR) em Belo Horizonte, MG, executados em alvenaria estrutural / Pathological manifestations in buildings of the Program of Residential Leasing (PAR) in Belo Horizonte, MG, executed in structural masonry Alvarenga, Maria Cláudia Sousa 23 June 2010 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:28:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 resumo.pdf: 34712 bytes, checksum: c196e12310704414ba4f06e741ad13a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-23 / The present work consists of the evaluation of constructive performance of some enterprises contained in the "Programa de Arrendamento Residencial (PAR) from Caixa Econômica Federal in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais/Brazil, executed with the structural masonry technology. The proposal of this research was the analysis of the existent pathological manifestations, with emphasis in the structural aspect of the enterprises, however, also contemplating other types of damages in the constructions. There were chosen five enterprises being taken into account the following parameters: age, load and location. The data were taken accomplished through inspections. Firstly it was made a qualitative analysis in the five enterprises through a meticulous evaluation of the pathological manifestations, demonstrated through the pictures took "in loco ", only two of these enterprises were inhabited and they could be analyzed internally. This interns analysis provided a meticulous quantification of the pathological manifestations found in the apartments and circulation in all the floors. After that, the types more frequent of pathological manifestations were verified in constructions of structural masonry in the loads and ages analyzed. The responsible administrator for the enterprises available the projects and some responsible builders accepted to answer referring questions about the projects and the executions of the works. Like this, it was possible to cross project information and execution of the work, diagnosing the origin of each type of found pathological manifestation. With the cause of the problems, collective and preventive solutions were proposed and, looking for the improvement of the quality of the enterprises already built and future enterprises, pointing out that the collective solutions a usually have a some difficulty to be executed. It was compared the quantitative results of the enterprises in different ages and loads and it was observed that, as expected, the age interferes in the number of occurrences of pathological manifestations, however project mistakes and execution makes that useful life of the work is reduced through the increase and the precocious emergence of pathologies in the constructions. / O presente trabalho consiste na avaliação de desempenho construtivo de empreendimentos contidos no Programa de Arrendamento Residencial (PAR) da Caixa Econômica Federal, na Cidade de Belo Horizonte, executados com a tecnologia de alvenaria estrutural. A proposta desta pesquisa foi a análise das manifestações patológicas existentes, com ênfase no aspecto estrutural dos empreendimentos, porém, contemplando também outros tipos de danos nas edificações. Foram escolhidos cinco empreendimentos, levando-se em conta os seguintes parâmetros: idade, porte e localização. O levantamento de dados foi realizado por meio de vistorias, de avaliação dos projetos disponibilizados e de entrevistas com representantes das construtoras a respeito dos projetos e das execuções das obras. Primeiramente, foi realizada uma análise qualitativa dos cinco empreendimentos por meio de uma avaliação minuciosa das manifestações patológicas. A partir desta avaliação, as manifestações patológicas encontradas nos apartamentos e na área de circulação foram quantificadas, sendo verificados os tipos mais frequentes nas edificações analisadas. Assim, foi possível confrontar informações de projeto e execução da obra, diagnosticando a origem de cada tipo de manifestação patológica encontrada. Com base nesta análise, foram propostas soluções corretivas e preventivas, visando à melhoria da qualidade dos empreendimentos já edificados e de empreendimentos futuros. Deve-se ressaltar que as soluções corretivas muitas vezes têm um elevado grau de dificuldade para serem executadas. Compararam-se os resultados quantitativos dos empreendimentos de idades e portes diferentes e observou-se que, como esperado, a idade interfere no número de ocorrências de manifestações patológicas. No entanto, erros de projeto e execução fazem com que a vida útil da obra seja reduzida, tendo em vista o aparecimento precoce de patologias nas edificações. Edifícios - Deterioração Alvenaria Programa de Arrendamento Residencial Edifícios de apartamentos Buildings - Deterioration Masonry Residential Lease Program Apartment buildings CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL
13	L'occupation immobilière : étude de droit privé / Estate occupancy : a private law study Pezzella, Virginie 12 December 2012 (has links) En droit privé, l’occupation s’entend, en principe, d’un mode d’acquisition originaire de la propriété des choses mobilières dépourvues de maître : c’est ainsi qu’elle a fait une entrée discrète dans le Code civil en 1804. Toutefois, depuis cette date, l’occupation a acquis une toute autre signification. Le législateur et le juge recourent aujourd’hui à cette notion pour désigner différents modes de jouissance de l’immeuble d’autrui. Il est question de conventions d’occupation précaire, d’occupation privative d’un bien indivis, d’occupant maintenu dans les lieux en suite d’un bail commercial ou d’habitation, d’occupant bénéficiaire d’une réquisition de logement, ou encore d’occupant sans droit ni titre. La notion d’occupation immobilière semble donc avoir acquis une place remarquable en droit privé. L’objet de cette étude est précisément de déterminer le rôle qu’elle tient en droit positif, dans ce domaine. Dans un premier temps, cette thèse réalise l’étude des diverses hypothèses dans lesquelles le terme « occupation » est utilisé pour désigner un fait d’emprise exercé sur l’immeuble d’autrui, que ce soit avec ou sans titre ; elle révèle également des situations officieuses d’occupation, telles que le mécanisme de la reconduction tacite applicable en matière de bail. Dans un second temps, est proposée une théorie générale de l’occupation immobilière en droit privé. L’occupation immobilière apparaît comme un fait d’emprise jouant un double rôle en droit positif : elle peut être simplement la traduction matérielle de l’exercice d’un droit d’usage préalablement reconnu à celui qui va devenir occupant, mais également l’élément permettant à ce dernier d’acquérir un tel droit ou, au moins, de le faire présumer. Reposant notamment sur diverses conditions d’efficacité, telles que la bonne foi ou l’univocité, elle présente alors un certain nombre de similitudes avec la possession, mais les deux notions ne sauraient pourtant être confondues. Au final, cette étude permet de mettre en lumière un nouveau fait créateur de droit, qui trouve sa place aux côtés de la possession et qui démontre une évolution de la propriété privée vers une « propriété pragmatique », soucieuse de s’adapter à des besoins divers, clairement reconnus par le droit positif. / In Private Law, occupancy (French “occupation”) is, in principle, understood as an original method of acquiring property of ownerless movable things: this is how it made a discreet entrance in the Civil Code in 1804. Since then, however, occupancy has acquired a whole new meaning. Today, both the legislator and the judge turn to this concept to describe different means of enjoying the property of others. It relates to precarious occupancy agreements, private occupancy of jointly owned property, tenant kept in the premises after the end of its commercial or residential lease, occupant beneficing an housing requisition, disseisor, or occupant without right or title. The notion of estate occupancy seems to have acquired a prominent position in Private Law. Hence, the purpose of this study is precisely to determine the role it holds in positive law in this area. First, this work aims at studying the various situations in which the term "occupancy” is used to designate the situation where a factual stranglehold is exercised over others’ property, whether with or without title. It also reveals informal occupancy situations, such as leases’ tacit renewal mechanism. Secondly, a general theory of occupancy in Private Law is proposed. Estate occupancy appears like a factual situation of stranglehold (“fait d’emprise”). It plays a dual role in positive law: it may simply be the substantive translation of the exercise of a right to use, previously recognized to whom will become the occupant, and, in the same time, the element allowing him to acquire such a right, or at least, assuming he does. Notably based on various effectiveness conditions, such as good faith or clarity, occupancy shows similarities with the notion of adverse possession, although in French law the two concepts should not be confused. Finally, this study shed light on a new fact giving rise to a right, which finds its place alongside the adverse possession and demonstrates an evolution from the private property to a "pragmatic property" caring to adapt to the various needs recognized by the Law. Actions possessoires Bail aménagé Bail commercial Bail de la chose d'autrui Bail d'habitation Bail rural Bail verbal Bonne foi Bonne volonté Détention Droit personnel Droit réel Equivoque Expulsion Immeuble Indivision Jouissance Logement Occupation Possession Prescription Propriété privée (évolution) Reconduction tacite Réquisition de logement Squat Usage Violence légitime Possessory claim Negociated lease Commercial lease Lease on someone else's property Residential lease Agricultural lease Oral lease Good faith Good will Ownership Personal right Property right Equivocal Eviction Real estate Joint-property Co-ownership Property enjoyment Dwelling Disseisor Occupancy Possession Adverse possession Statute of limitation Private property (evolution of) Tacit renewal Housing requisition Squat Use Legitimate violence 342

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