The aim of this thesis was to determine limitation of methanogenesis in restored peatlands and effect of different substrates on potential methane production in restored bog and spruce swamp forest soil. Study sites were located in Šumava National Park in the Czech Republic.

This dissertation explores the nature, purpose, function and role of language documentation in order to further our understanding of mechanisms of language transmission and maintenance in the face of language endangerment and the repression of indigenous identity. Beyond its traditional use for generating linguistic data, I argue that the act and the process of language documentation can be understood as a comprehensive means to evaluate the interactions between speakers and researchers and as the stage where various beliefs and emotions are displayed. Extending the notion of “sites” developed by Silverstein (1998) and Kroskrity (2009), I argue that the act of language documentation can create “sites” of linguistic transaction, of self recognition, and of ideological and emotional stance shift. To attain this goal, this project linguistically and ethnographically documents and describes Belizean Mopan, an endangered Mayan language spoken in the southern Petén region of Guatemala and in the Maya Mountain region (Toledo District) of Southern Belize as a case study. Ethnographic and linguistic observation suggest that characteristics of Belizean Mopan do not simply stem from its linguistic features but rather are derived from ethnic complexity, language ideologies, identity politics, the history of Belize and speakers’ awareness of the self. Linguistic biographies, interviews, participant observation, and ethnographic accounts indicate that the individual’s emotional attachments to the language and the sense of belonging to one’s linguistic community are crucial keys for effective language documentation and revitalization. Discourse and grammatical analysis of sound symbolic words in narratives suggest that speakers’ linguistic affects can be evoked through sound itself. The devices used during language documentation, such as voice and video recorders can be understood as “signifying instruments” (J. D. Hill 2014), which amplify or evoke speakers’ and researchers’ linguistic ideologies and/or affects. Tzik ‘respect’ plays a pivotal role in distinguishing Mopans from other Maya groups and many stories and personal narratives either explicitly or subtly demonstrate the concept and importance of tzik for regulating and maintaining the traditional community and for having a successful life, which resembles the secretos ‘secrets’ described in Hofling’s (1996: 109) account of Itzaj Maya lives. Focusing on tzik gained through being a ch’ija’an kristiyanojo ‘the grown-up people’, I argue that storytelling is a primary device to transmit and circulate traditional knowledge, worldview, ideologies and memories of Maya people from the present, the immediate past, and the mythological past and that in a sense, the role and meaning of dream divination and my language consultant, Orlando Sho’s musical performances can be equated with the practice of storytelling. The act of language documentation is a portal to the site of linguistic and cultural transaction and of world learning, in which I see a key to successful language renewal and revitalization.

This thesis is focused on the evaluation of revitalization in urbanized landscape in relation to landscape character. Specifically to assess the landscape character before the overall revitalization and subsequent evaluate the changes in landscape character after revitalization. For this thesis was selected the natural-landscape park of Vlašim, like a urbanized landscape area. The landscape character was evaluated individually by the natural, cultural and historic characteristics. In this work have also been summarized and described individually stages of revitalization projects and then reassessed individual characteristics of landscape character again. The work premised on a careful exploration of landscape, get the necessary materials and processed some graphic shapes in programme ArcGIS. The final aim was to suggest principles for implementation of revitalization in terms of increasing the value of the landscape character.

This diploma thesis focuses on the issues concerning one specific agricultural and two industrial brownfields. The theoretical part defines the concept of a brownfield, its categorization, causes of occurrence, consequences of the existence of brownfields, the revitalization of brownfields, available financial resources for their re-use and also the involvement of brownfields in the process of spatial planning. In the analytical part, the former industrial complex Tesla, the former agricultural complex Grana and the former industrial premises of Jitex are thoroughly discussed. Each brownfield is described from the historical point of view and with respect to its state at the present time. A feasible way of revitalization is proposed for each brownfield. One of these three proposals is then selected as the best one for implementation and is analysed in detail with respect to its financial difficulty and the possibility of using public resources.

The dissertation analyses the situation of brownfields in the region of Vysočina, Czech Republic, assesses the state of brownfields and outlines possible future development. The work contains of seven chapters and is directed at three basic stages. The contents of the first stage is identification and character of environmental limits. The second stage is the analysis of negative features and burdens causing a direct health threat in the monitored area. The third, final stage of this work is a sociological survey focused on perception and evaluation of brownfield sites by local community in this area. The output of these analysises are tables and graphical diagrams, which summarize the data obtained in the research.

abstract: Relationships are the heart of Anishinaabeg culture and language. This research proposes understanding Anishinaabemowin, the language of Ojibwe, Ottawa, and Potawatomi peoples, as a living, historical, and spiritual member of the cultural community. As a community member, the language is the Oldest Elder. This understanding provides a relational lens through which one can understand language history from an Indigenous perspective. Recent scholarship on Indigenous languages often focuses on the boarding school experiences or shapes the narrative in terms of language loss. A relational understanding explores the language in terms of connections. This dissertation argues that the strength of language programs is dependent on the strength of reciprocal relationships between the individuals and institutions involved. This research examines the history of Anishinaabemowin classes and programs at three higher educational institutions: Bemidji State University, University of Michigan, and Central Michigan University. At each institution, the advocates and allies of Oldest Elder fought and struggled to carve space for American Indian people and the language. Key relationships between advocates and allies in the American Indian and academic communities found ways to bring Oldest Elder into the classroom. When the relationships were healthy, Oldest Elder thrived, but when the relationships shifted or weakened, so did Oldest Elder's presence. This dissertation offers a construct for understanding Indigenous language efforts that can be utilized by others engaged in language revitalization. The narrative of Oldest Elder shifts the conversation from one of loss to one of possibilities and responsibilities. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. History 2014

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as formas através das quais o processo de revitalização do Centro Histórico de João Pessoa repercute na dinâmica socioespacial da área, bem como a interação dos elementos intervenientes na construção de sua realidade atual. Da mesma maneira, é parte do nosso interesse a identificação dos tipos de políticas levadas a efeito pelo Estado a partir da década de 1980 até os dias atuais, juntamente com as ações postas em prática pelas representações de setores do poder econômico da nossa sociedade, no interesse de redimensionar a produção e a reprodução do mencionado espaço. Visamos analisar as contradições existentes entre o discurso oficial e a sua efetiva prática, nas ações direcionadas ao chamado processo de revitalização. Também é nossa intenção analisar a mobilização da comunidade conhecida como Porto do Capim frente ao referido processo. Buscamos a identificação de como estes processos de intervenção urbana afetam diretamente a vida dos moradores locais, levando em consideração que estes moradores são ocupantes históricos deste lugar, tendo aí instaladas suas atividades e formas de uso do solo e da área espacial representativa do Centro Histórico. Consideramos que sua permanência e atividades na área, representam os sentidos de seu cotidiano, de sua identidade com o local e de sua sobrevivência. Ações no sentido da sua permanência e status patrimonial podem ser interpretadas, tal como em outros exemplos de revitalização como ressignificação de formas de resistência às demandas da expansão do sistema capitalista no país como os casos do (Recife Antigo/PE, Pelourinho/Salvador BA, Centro Dragão do Mar-Fortaleza). Para a realização desse trabalho nos pautamos em trabalhos acadêmicos, publicações que discutem intervenções nas áreas históricas das cidades brasileiras, experiências nacionais e internacionais. O trabalho empírico foi realizado no Bairro do Varadouro e na Comunidade Porto do Capim, Vila Nassau e Frei Vital. Nesta etapa da pesquisa, e dentro de nossa ótica metodológica, procuramos contato diário com moradores e comerciantes da área. Frequentamos suas festas e manifestações religiosas/culturais, conversamos com donas de casa e pessoas mais antigas no lugar. Ao fim de algum tempo de convivência, conseguimos maior confiança e aceitação, bem como, da nossa parte, o entendimento mais abrangente do modo de vida da Comunidade. Grande parte das informações foram coletadas junto à Comissão Permanente de Desenvolvimento do Centro Histórico de João Pessoa, da Biblioteca do Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional e da Coordenadoria do Patrimônio Cultural de João Pessoa. Desta forma elegemos como metodologia de investigação adotada neste estudo, a pesquisa qualitativa, por entendermos que essa metodologia proporcionará um olhar mais amplo sobre o processo em análise. Os recursos metodológicos foram: as entrevistas semi-estruturadas com técnicos do poder público, estudiosos da questão urbana, antigos moradores do Centro Histórico, da Comissão de Mulheres do Porto do Capim e demais moradores da Comunidade. Além das entrevistas, utilizamos a observação e descrição analítica da área de estudo. Através desses instrumentos, foram analisados elementos estruturais tais como: a memória, a tradição, o sentimento de pertencimento e o patrimônio cultural do lugar. Nosso estudo interpretou o uso deste espaço pelo poder público, em conjunto com representações comerciais do Capital, como área de disponibilidade geográfica para a instalação de investimentos, instalação de atividades ligadas à reprodução do capital no Centro Histórico. Os resultados evidenciam que o controle do Centro Histórico de João Pessoa não deixou de ser importante, mesmo que se tenham mudado as suas funcionalidades ao longo do tempo e os agentes que controlam esse espaço. Vale salientar que as práticas culturais e os usos cotidianos que se materializam na área do Porto do Capim, Vila Nasssau e Frei Vital representam formas de resistência ao processo de revitalização em curso. / This research aims to analyze the ways how the revitalization process of the Historical Center of João Pessoa/PB is linked to the sociospatial dynamics of this area, as well as the existing interaction among the elements of its present situation. On the same way, is part of our interest the identification of the kind of policies carried on by the State, together with the economic power constitutive representation. We defined the period between the 1980 years until nowadays as the scope of our work, looking forward the production and reproduction of the mentioned space. We also analyze the contradiction between the government official speech and its effective practice through the actions toward the revitalization process. Our research covers the community of Porto do Capim mobilization on face of governmental actions. We identify that, these urban interaction process directly affects the life of the local dwellers, considering that these people are the historical dwellers haring their way of life, activities and feeling of affection for the Historical Center. We see their permanence in that place as an affirmation of their meaning of life and identity with the place, so that the action in favor of their patrimonial status can be interpreted as a movement of resistance to the demands of expansion of the capitalistic system in our country (Recife Antigo/PE, Pelourinho/Salvador/BA, Centro Dragão do Mar/CE). In order to do this work we rely on academic issues about the Brazilian and international experiences over the cities historical background. The experimental phase was developed within the Bairro Vardouro and the community Porto do Capim, Vila Nassau and Frei Vital. According to the methodology we had a day by day visited and conversation to the old and business people, as well as the housekeepers living in the area Taking part of their cultural religious events gave us the opportunity to improve our understanding about the community values and habits. Moust of information were collected from the Comissão Permanente de Desenvolvimento do Centro Histórico de João Pessoa, the Biblioteca do Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional and of the Coordenadoria do Patrimônio Cultural de João Pessoa. Therefore, weve chosen the qualitative research as the method for this work. The methodological sources were: half structured interviews with technicians and studious of the urban question, former dwellers of the Centro Historical, the Comissão de Mulheres do Porto do Capim and the other representatives of the community.Moreover, weve been using the observation and analytical description of the study area . We focus on structural elements such are: the memory, the tradition, the feeling of belonginess and the cultural patrimony. We interpreted the use of this space by the government together with the business enterprises, representing the finance capital interests, as an available geographic area good for investments and activities concerning to the reproduction of the Capital on the evidence that the control of this space keeps its importance, even if its functionalities were change along the time as well as the agents who are in charge on this control. On the other side, is important to detach that the cultural practices and the people day-to-day, which are inherent to the way of life in the Porto do Capim, Vila Nassau and Frei Vital, represent the inhabitants resistance to the changes brought about by the revitalization process.

The purpose of the thesis is two-fold: to document the results of a language survey of Northern Métis languages which examines the language practices and attitudes of those Northern Métis people who participated, and to reflect upon the research process by examining the assumptions I bring to the research and my role and the role of other Masters level researchers in language revitalization projects. The research presented here has been conducted within the Community-based language revitalization (CBLR) research model (Czaykowska-Higgins 2009), a model which can be a powerful way to frame linguistic research and which is increasingly called upon when undertaking language revitalization projects. This thesis addresses the application of CBLR practices to a language revitalization project undertaken in collaboration with the North Slave Métis Alliance in the Northwest Territories, Canada. Along with positioning myself in the research, I provide an in-depth description of the historical, political, and social landscape in which the research takes place. My epistemologies and the CBLR model are informed by feminist and Native American methodologies, as well as participatory, participatory-action and action frameworks. Through this lens, I reflect on the academic context of language revitalization and offer my own model of collaborative language research which builds upon work done by Leonard & Haynes (2010). Applying this model, I present the results of the North Slave Métis Language Survey, conducted in 2013 in collaboration with the North Slave Métis Alliance. This thesis contributes to the body of work on Métis languages, and is the first to thoroughly examine and document the language practices of Métis people of the NWT. It also contributes to the growing body of work on CBLR research. / Graduate

This thesis examines variation in clitic placement among neofalantes—a speech community of urban, L2 speakers of Galician, in a bilingual region in Northwestern Spain (Dubert 2005; Freixeiro Mato 2014; O’Rourke & Ramallo 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015). Galician has a complex system of pronominal clitics that can be either proclitic or enclitic depending on a range of grammatical factors (e.g. finiteness, sentence type, triggering particles). Among neofalantes, clitic placement is variable, sometimes following the rules of traditional Galician, and sometimes not. Non-traditional clitic placement has been criticized as one of the most salient “errors” in neofalante speech, both by speakers and by linguists (Dubert 2005; González-González 2008). Due to language contact, the bilingual nature of the region and the genetic proximity of Galician and Spanish, most research has argued that non-traditional clitic use results from Spanish influence (e.g. Kabatek 1997; Dubert 2005). However, to date, no empirical research has targeted neofalante clitic usage to test this assertion. To probe possible contact effects, this thesis is based on accountable variationist analysis of pronominal clitics (N = 3,736) in the vernacular of 15 neofalantes. Overall results reveal that the vast majority of tokens follow traditional Galician grammar, suggesting that neofalantes are relatively good at mastering Galician clitic placement. However, variation is not evenly distributed. Where proclitic placement follows traditional grammar at a rate that approaches categoricity (98.6%, N = 2,036), nearly 40% of enclitic tokens conflict with traditional grammar (39.2%, N = 1,700). Logistic regression suggests that variation is largely isolated to those contexts where Galician and Spanish differ (e.g. finiteness (+/-), where finite verbs favour non-traditional placement), lending support to previous claims. However, social predictors are also relevant, with speakers who have Galician parents and who were born after the implementation of bilingual education favouring non-traditional placement as well. These results suggest that other sociolinguistic factors, such as the need to assert one’s Galician identity, can also impact clitic placement. / Graduate / 2018-07-31

This thesis handles the issue of Relaunch of the Nestlé Ricoré brand on the Czech and Slovak market. The aim of this thesis was to describe the process of brandbuilding of the real fast mooving consumer good. In the theoretical part of the thesis I focused on the analysis and description of current situation of Nestlé Ricoré brand. In the practical part I proposed optimal strategy for relaunch of this brand.