Resumo: Tendo em vista que existem controvérsias na literatura quanto à existência de associação entre a doença periodontal e a artrite reumatóide e que as metodologias empregadas são tão diversas quanto os seus resultados e conclusões, este estudo transversal teve por objetivo avaliar a condição periodontal em portadores de artrite reumatóide e verificar se existe associação entre essas duas condições. Para isso, foram aplicados questionários de saúde geral e bucal, e foi realizado o exame periodontal em 49 portadores de artrite reumatóide e em 22 indivíduos não portadores de artrite reumatóide ou qualquer outra doença auto-imune. Fumantes e portadores de diabetes mellitus foram excluídos deste estudo. Os resultados indicaram que portadores de artrite reumatóide possuem menor número de dentes na cavidade bucal, apresentam maior extensão de placa bacteriana e maior proporção de sítios com perda de inserção periodontal avançada do que os indivíduos não portadores de artrite reumatóide Apesar da maior extensão de placa bacteriana dentre portadores de artrite reumatóide, a porcentagem de sítios que apresentaram sangramento marginal foi semelhante nos dois grupos, provavelmente devido ao uso de drogas antiinflamatórias e drogas de base, imunoreguladoras. Além disso, portadores de artrite reumatóide que utilizavam a associação de drogas de base apresentaram menor perda de inserção periodontal do que aqueles que não utilizavam a associação dessas drogas. Os resultados do estudo sugerem que existe associação entre periodontite e artrite reumatóide e que novos estudos serão necessários para identificar os fatores presentes nos portadores de artrite reumatóide que predispõem esses indivíduos a uma maior perda de inserção periodontal. / Abstract: There are controversies in the literature concerning the association between periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. There are no consistent methodologies and results. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess periodontal condition in rheumatoid arthritis patients and verify if there is an association between these two conditions. We have produced general and dental health questionnaires and periodontal examination was achieved in 49 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 22 healthy individuals. Smokers and diabetes mellitus patients were excluded of the sample. Our results indicated that rheumatoid arthritis patients had lesser remaining teeth, higher extension of dental plaque and higher proportion of sites presenting advanced attachment loss than controls. Although rheumatoid arthritis patients had higher extension of dental plaque than the control group, gingival bleeding was similar between them, maybe because of the fact that rheumatoid arthritis patients take anti-inflammatory and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for their treatment. Rheumatoid arthritis patients who were taking an association of two or more disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs had lesser attachment loss than patients that were taking only one of these drugs. Our results suggest that there is an association between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis and that more studies are required to identify specific risk factors for attachment loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients. / Orientador: Mirian Aparecida Onofre / Coorientador: Carlos Rossa Junior / Coorientador: Manoel Barros Bertolo / Banca: Silvana Regina Perez Orrico / Banca: Ricardo Guimarães Fischer / Mestre

Introdução: Fadiga é uma manifestação clínica importante na artrite reumatoide (AR). Atualmente, a avaliação de fadiga em AR é realizada através de questionários subjetivos, incluindo aspectos emocionais e sociais. No entanto, sabe-se que a fadiga pode estar acentuada no plano periférico e esta abordagem é pouco estudada nestes pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre a percepção de fadiga e fadiga muscular em pacientes com artrite reumatoide. Métodos: Trinta e oito pacientes do sexo feminino com AR foram incluídos. Os pacientes foram estratificados por DAS-28 e por três grupos etários (grupo I: 32-48 anos; grupo II: 49-54 anos de idade, e grupo III: 55-65 anos de idade). A fadiga muscular [avaliado por mudanças na magnitude (root mean square-RMS) e freqüência (média de freqüência-MDF) de ativação muscular durante os 60s do teste de força de quadríceps] e percepção de fadiga (FACIT-F) foram avaliadas. Além disso, dados demográficos [duração idade e doença, calculado pelo tempo decorrido a partir de diagnóstico], hemoglobina (g/ dL), DAS-28, HAQ, qualidade de vida (SF-36) e International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, versão longa) foram medidos. A significância foi assumida quando p≤0.05. Resultados: Nenhuma associação foi observada quando os pacientes foram estratificados por DAS-28 e quando os pacientes foram estratificados por idade no grupo III. Moderada correlações estatisticamente significativas entre MDF e FACIT-F e FACIT-TOI (r = 0,6; p = 0,03 e r = 0,5; 0,04, respectivamente) foram encontrados no grupo I. No grupo II foram encontradas moderadas correlações estatisticamente significativas entre FACIT-TOTAL e RMS e MDF (r = 0,6; p = 0,01 e r = -0,5; p = 0,04, respectivamente). Conclusão: Moderada relação entre fadiga muscular e percepção de fadiga sugere que ambas as estratégias de avaliação podem ser complementares e têm um efeito benéfico sobre comorbidades AR. / Introduction: Fatigue is a major clinical manifestation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Actually, the assessment of fatigue in RA is realized through to subjective questionnaires, including emotional and socials aspects. However, known to that fatigue may be sharp in peripheral plane and this approach is little studied in these patients. Objective: To assess the relationship between perception of fatigue and muscle fatigue in patients with RA. Methods: Thirty eight female patients with RA were included. Patients were stratified by DAS-28 and by three age groups (group I: 32-48 years old; group II: 49-54 years old; group III: 55-65 years old). Muscle fatigue [assessed by changes in magnitude (i.e. root mean square-RMS) and frequency (i.e. median frequency-MDF) of muscle activation during a 60-s quadriceps strength test] and perception of fatigue (FACIT-F) were assessed. In addition, demographic data [age and disease duration, calculated by elapsed time from diagnostic], hemoglobin (Hb-g/dL), DAS-28, HAQ, quality of life (SF-36) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, long version) were measured. Significance was assumed when p≤0.05. Results: No association was observed when patients were stratified by DAS-28 and when patients were stratified by age in group III. Moderate statistically significant correlations between MDF and FACIT-F e FACIT-TOI (r=0.6;p=0.03 and r=0.5;0.04, respectively) were found in group I. In group II moderate statistically significant correlations were found between FACIT-TOTAL and RMS and MDF (r=0.6;p=0.01 and r=-0.5;p=0.04, respectively). Conclusion: Moderate relationship between muscle fatigue and perception of fatigue suggests that both evaluation strategies can be complementary and have a beneficial effect on RA comorbidities.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease. Physical activity is a cornerstone in the treatment. Hydrotherapy is an appreciated alternative for many patients. Quantitative research has been made in the area but to the authors’ knowledge, no qualitative studies have been made. Purpose: To explore and analyse the experiences of hydrotherapy among a group of people with RA with a focus on the impacts of the exercise form. Design and method: Explorative, descriptive qualitative design. Semi-structured interviews with five people with RA. A qualitative content analysis was chosen to process data. Results: Three themes were identified: The pros of exercising in water; The cons of exercising in water; When hydrotherapy is especially important. These themes contain eight categories: Effects; Important in implementation; Positive attributes of the pool; Community; Negative attributes of the pool; Availability; Bad periods; Disease severity; Konklusion: The informants especially highlighted the exercise effects, social aspects and the properties of water as pros. The hard pool floor and the inavailability were the primary cons experienced. Hydrotherapy seemed particularly incentivized when coupled with high disease severity. This study can serve as a foundation when choosing a physical activity intervention for this group. Future studies with similar purposes should include a larger sample.

Orientadores: Manoel Barros Bertolo, Linamara Rizzo Battistella / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T14:49:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Magalhaes_EduardodePaiva_D.pdf: 4850874 bytes, checksum: 30c39d8223abecede7d6fcaa1901152c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia de palmilhas em pacientes com artrite reumatóide (AR) utilizando o Índice de Função dos Pés (FFI) durante 6 meses. Estudar a alteração na distribuição da pressão plantar em pés reumatóides após 15 dias em uso de palmilhas. Material e Métodos: Foram avaliados trinta e seis pacientes com AR e dor nos pés e prescritas palmilhas conforme as necessidades individuais. Todos os pacientes foram reavaliados em 30, 90 e 180 dias da avaliação inicial. Em cada consulta foi aplicado FFI e verificados o tempo de utilização das órteses e eventuais efeitos adversos. O Health Assessment Questionaire (HAQ) foi verificado na consulta inicial para avaliar a influência da condição física na evolução do FFI. Quinze mulheres com AR e dor nos pés foram submetidas a avaliação da pressão na superfície plantar pelo programa F-SCAN em avaliação inicial e após 15 dias em uso de palmilhas. Resultados: Durante o estudo os valores do FFI reduziram em todas as sub-escalas (dor, incapacidade e limitação de atividade). Esta redução foi notada no primeiro mês e mantida durante todo o período de avaliação. Os pacientes que utilizaram palmilhas com EVA convencionais (n=28) apresentaram melhores resultados. Pacientes utilizando palmilhas sob molde de gesso (n=8) apresentaram valores mais elevados do FFI na consulta inicial e menor redução deste índice com resultados ainda significantes para as sub-escalas de dor e incapacidade, mas não para limitação de atividade. Efeitos adversos menores foram verificados sem resultar em interrupção do tratamento. Os pacientes utilizaram a palmilha durante um período médio de 7,14 horas por dia durante o primeiro mês sem diferenças significativas nas avaliações subseqüentes. Não foi verificada relação entre o HAQ e a evolução do FFI. Com o uso de palmilhas foi verificada significativa redução dos valores de pressão plantar em ante-pé e retro-pé. Conclusões: As palmilhas foram efetivas como adjuvantes no tratamento de pés reumatóides com redução dos índices de dor, incapacidade e limitação de atividade avaliados pelo FFI, com poucos efeitos adversos. Também proporcionaram melhor distribuição da pressão na superfície plantar com redução dos seus valores em ante-pé e retro-pé / Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of foot orthoses, using the Foot Function Index (FFI), in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a period of six months. To compare the foot pressures in rheumatoid patients after the use of foot orthoses during a period of fifteen days. Methods: Thirty-six rheumatoid subjects with foot pain were examined and appropriate foot orthoses were prescribed according to each patient needs. All the patients were evaluated in 30, 90 and 180 days after baseline visit. FFI values, daily wearing time and adverse effects were noted in each appointment. The Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) was obtained in the initial visit and it was used to evaluate the influence of physical condition on FFI response. Fifteen women with RA and foot pain were also examined and their foot pressure values measured using the F-SCAN program in first appointment and after fifteen days using appropriate insoles. Results: After the use foot orthoses, FFI values decreased in all subscales (pain, disability and activity limitation) for the patients studied. This reduction was noted early, in the first month and maintained during all the trial. Those using EVA (n=28) orthoses presented similar results to the total group. Otherwise, patients with made to measure orthoses (n=8) exhibited higher initial FFI values and worse evolution during the trial, still significant for pain and disability, but not for activity limitation. Minor adverse reactions were noted and none of them required treatment interruption. Orthoses were worn on an average for 7.14 hours in the first month without significant differences in the others visits. There was no relation between HAQ and FFI evolution. The patients using the foot orthoses achieved a significant plantar pressure reduction in forefoot and hindfoot. Conclusions: Foot orthoses were effective as an adjuvant management of rheumatoid foot. They significantly reduced pain, disability and activity limitation accessed by the FFI, with minor adverse effects. They also promote a better plantar pressure distribution and relief in forefoot and hindfoot / Doutorado / Clinica Medica / Doutor em Clínica Médica

Introdução: Fadiga é uma manifestação clínica importante na artrite reumatoide (AR). Atualmente, a avaliação de fadiga em AR é realizada através de questionários subjetivos, incluindo aspectos emocionais e sociais. No entanto, sabe-se que a fadiga pode estar acentuada no plano periférico e esta abordagem é pouco estudada nestes pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre a percepção de fadiga e fadiga muscular em pacientes com artrite reumatoide. Métodos: Trinta e oito pacientes do sexo feminino com AR foram incluídos. Os pacientes foram estratificados por DAS-28 e por três grupos etários (grupo I: 32-48 anos; grupo II: 49-54 anos de idade, e grupo III: 55-65 anos de idade). A fadiga muscular [avaliado por mudanças na magnitude (root mean square-RMS) e freqüência (média de freqüência-MDF) de ativação muscular durante os 60s do teste de força de quadríceps] e percepção de fadiga (FACIT-F) foram avaliadas. Além disso, dados demográficos [duração idade e doença, calculado pelo tempo decorrido a partir de diagnóstico], hemoglobina (g/ dL), DAS-28, HAQ, qualidade de vida (SF-36) e International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, versão longa) foram medidos. A significância foi assumida quando p≤0.05. Resultados: Nenhuma associação foi observada quando os pacientes foram estratificados por DAS-28 e quando os pacientes foram estratificados por idade no grupo III. Moderada correlações estatisticamente significativas entre MDF e FACIT-F e FACIT-TOI (r = 0,6; p = 0,03 e r = 0,5; 0,04, respectivamente) foram encontrados no grupo I. No grupo II foram encontradas moderadas correlações estatisticamente significativas entre FACIT-TOTAL e RMS e MDF (r = 0,6; p = 0,01 e r = -0,5; p = 0,04, respectivamente). Conclusão: Moderada relação entre fadiga muscular e percepção de fadiga sugere que ambas as estratégias de avaliação podem ser complementares e têm um efeito benéfico sobre comorbidades AR. / Introduction: Fatigue is a major clinical manifestation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Actually, the assessment of fatigue in RA is realized through to subjective questionnaires, including emotional and socials aspects. However, known to that fatigue may be sharp in peripheral plane and this approach is little studied in these patients. Objective: To assess the relationship between perception of fatigue and muscle fatigue in patients with RA. Methods: Thirty eight female patients with RA were included. Patients were stratified by DAS-28 and by three age groups (group I: 32-48 years old; group II: 49-54 years old; group III: 55-65 years old). Muscle fatigue [assessed by changes in magnitude (i.e. root mean square-RMS) and frequency (i.e. median frequency-MDF) of muscle activation during a 60-s quadriceps strength test] and perception of fatigue (FACIT-F) were assessed. In addition, demographic data [age and disease duration, calculated by elapsed time from diagnostic], hemoglobin (Hb-g/dL), DAS-28, HAQ, quality of life (SF-36) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, long version) were measured. Significance was assumed when p≤0.05. Results: No association was observed when patients were stratified by DAS-28 and when patients were stratified by age in group III. Moderate statistically significant correlations between MDF and FACIT-F e FACIT-TOI (r=0.6;p=0.03 and r=0.5;0.04, respectively) were found in group I. In group II moderate statistically significant correlations were found between FACIT-TOTAL and RMS and MDF (r=0.6;p=0.01 and r=-0.5;p=0.04, respectively). Conclusion: Moderate relationship between muscle fatigue and perception of fatigue suggests that both evaluation strategies can be complementary and have a beneficial effect on RA comorbidities.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-08-19T12:29:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese - Hildson Dornelas - Doutorado em Genética.pdf: 1858452 bytes, checksum: 4316ac97c9fa83b7550daecee991807e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T12:29:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese - Hildson Dornelas - Doutorado em Genética.pdf: 1858452 bytes, checksum: 4316ac97c9fa83b7550daecee991807e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-19 / A artrite reumatoide (AR) é uma doença inflamatória, crônica e autoimune com manifestações articulares e sistêmicas, e atinge cerca de 1% da população mundial. Fatores genéticos, ambientais e imunológicos estão envolvidos na sua patogênese. Assim, investigamos a possível associação entre polimorfismos de base única (SNP): IL-6 (rs180079518), IL-12B (rs3212227) IL-17A (rs2275913), IL-17F (rs763780), IL-18 (rs549908), IL23R (rs10889677), TNF-α (rs1800629), IFN-γ (rs2430561), com características clínicas e susceptibilidade à AR. Para tal, realizamos um estudo de caso-controle com 90 pacientes e 189 controles saudáveis. A genotipagem foi realizada através da reação de polimerização em cadeia - polimorfismo de comprimento de fragmentos de restrição (PCR-RFLP). Nossos resultados mostraram que a média de início da doença foi de 45 anos com predominância feminina (9:1). A atividade da doença estava aumentada em 50% dos pacientes, enquanto 71% e 65% foram positivos para o fator reumatoide (FR) e para o anticorpo contra peptídeos citrulinados cíclicos (anti-CCP), respectivamente. Observamos associação entre o risco para AR com polimorfismos nos genes IL-18 (OR=3.77, p<0.0001) e IL-23R (OR=3.46, p<0.001). Além disso, foi observada também associação entre SNPs nos genes IL-17F com DAS28 (OR=5.44, p=0.031), IL-6 com FR (OR=4.47, p=0.0038) e anti-CCP (OR=3.91, p=0.0057). Nosso estudo mostrou associações entre polimorfismos em genes de importantes citocinas envolvidas na AR com a sua susceptibilidade e características clinicas desta doença na população do interior do Estado de São Paulo, Sudeste do Brasil. / Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with articular and systemic manifestations and affects about 1% of adults worldwide. Genetic, environmental and immunological factors are observed in the pathogenesis of this disease. Thus, our study investigated the possible association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP): IL-6 (rs180079518), IL-12B (rs3212227) IL-17A (rs2275913), IL-17F (rs763780), IL-18 (rs549908), IL23R (rs10889677), TNF-α (rs1800629), IFN-γ (rs2430561), with the clinical features and RA susceptibility. For this, we conducted a case-control study with 90 patients and 189 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by Polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Our results showed that the onset of RA had a mean age of 45 years with predominance of women (9:1). About 50% of RA patients had high degree of disease activity, while 71% and 65% were rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) positive, respectively. It was observed associated between the risk of rheumatoid arthritis and the polymorphisms in genes IL-18 (OR=3.77 (IC=2.01-7.05), p<0.0001) and IL-23R (OR=3.46 (IC=1.96-6.09), p<0.001). Furthermore, was observed relationship of the SNPs in genes, IL-17F with DAS28 (OR=5.44 (IC=1.29-22.85) and IL-6 with RF (OR=4.47 (IC=1.69-11.79), p=0.0038) and ACPA (OR=3.91(IC=1.56-9.78), p=0.0057). Our study presents evidence of associations between polymorphisms in genes of important cytokines involved in RA with susceptibility to RA and their clinical characteristics in population in the state of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil.

Methotrexate (MTX), as a pharmaceutical, is frequently used in tumor chemotherapy and is also a part of the established treatment of a number of autoimmune inflammatory disorders. Radiolabeled MTX has been studied as a tumor-diagnostic agent in a number of published studies. In the present study, the potential use of technetium-99m-labelled MTX (Tc-99m-MTX) as a radiotracer was investigated for the identification of inflammatory target sites. The labelling of MTX was carried out via a Tc-99m-gluconate precursor. Evaluation studies included in vitro stability, plasma protein binding assessment, partition-coefficient estimation, in vivo scintigraphic imaging and ex vivo animal experiments in an animal inflammation model. MTX was successfully labelled with Tc-99m, with a radiochemical purity of >95%. Stability was assessed in plasma, where it remained intact up to 85% at 4 h post-incubation, while protein binding of the radiotracer was observed to be similar to 50% at 4 h. These preclinical ex vivo and in vivo studies indicated that Tc-99m-MTX accumulates in inflamed tissue, as well as in the spinal cord, joints and bones; all areas with relatively high remodeling activity. The results are promising, and set the stage for further work on the development and application of Tc-99m-MTX as a radiotracer for inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract Collagen IX belongs to the superfamily of collagenous proteins and is present on the surface of the heterotypic collagen fibrils that are predominantly composed of collagen II, and also collagen XI. The major sites of expression of collagen IX include the articular cartilage, intervertebral disc, inner ear and the vitreous body of the eye. Previous reports have indicated that mutations in the genes encoding the three polypeptide chains of collagen IX may lead to intervertebral disc disease and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, a chondrodysplasia characterized by early onset osteoarthritis. These observations and results from genetically modified mouse lines suggest that collagen IX is crucial in the maintenance of the long-term integrity of tissues. However, the structure-function relationship as well as detailed information concerning the functional roles of this protein has remained unclear. Recombinant human collagen IX was obtained using an insect cell expression system. Besides full-length molecules, five truncated variants of collagen IX were produced to examine chain association and trimerization. Contrary to previous observations, it was shown that the COL1 and NC1 domains are not essential for trimerization. Instead, they seem to play an important role in the specificity of chain selection. The results also suggest that the N-terminal domains, NC3 or COL3, are required for complete folding and stabilization of collagen IX molecules, implicating cooperativity between different domains in the folding process. Collagen IX was found to mediate cell adhesion and bind efficiently to collagen receptor integrins α1β1, α2β1, α10β1 and α11β1. The binding was found to represent a novel type of mechanism, and the binding site of the integrin I domain was located at the N-terminal end of the COL3 domain in collagen IX. The obtained results suggest that the FACITs may play an important role as mediators of cell adhesion to collagen fibrils. Antibodies binding to human recombinant collagen IX were measured among 53 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These autoantibodies were significantly elevated among the RA patients when compared to the controls, suggesting that autoantibodies to collagen IX show diagnostic potential in early RA. However, no association was found between the antibody levels and outcome.

No description available.

La polyarthrite rhumatoïde (PR) est une maladie inflammatoire chronique caractérisée par des atteintes articulaires. Les synoviocytes, cellules qui tapissent la membrane synoviale, deviennent réfractaires à l‘apoptose et, en produisant la cytokine inflammatoire Interleukin 6 (IL-6), participent à la chronicité de l‘inflammation qui est à l‘origine de la perte osseuse dans la PR.Le zinc (Zn) et le cadmium (Cd) partagent leurs propriétés physico-chimiques et leurs mécanismes de transport cellulaire. Le Zn régule des fonctions du système immunitaire, contrairement au Cd avec des propriétés sur le système immunitaire peu décrites dans la littérature.Notre travail vise à identifier les mécanismes impliqués dans la modification de l‘homéostasie des métaux dans les synoviocytes par l‘inflammation et les conséquences de cette altération.L‘inflammation induit l‘accumulation des métaux dans les synoviocytes en augmentant l‘expression de l‘importeur ZIP-8. En revanche, l‘expression de l‘exporteur ZnT1 et des metallothionéines (MTs, régulateurs de l‘homéostasie des métaux) est dépendante de la présence des métaux. L‘affinité Cd-MTs permet une accumulation irréversible du Cd dans les cellules qui réduit leur prolifération et la production d‘IL-6.Les effets antiprolifératif et anti-inflammatoire du Cd ont été testés dans le modèle d‘arthrite chez le rat où une seule injection intra-articulaire de Cd à faible dose prévient la perte osseuse et réduit les scores cliniques d‘arthrite. Cela pourrait représenter une nouvelle approche thérapeutique pour le traitement de la PR et d'autres pathologies caractérisées par une hyperplasie et une inflammation localisées / Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Synoviocytes, cells forming the inner layer the synovium, become refractory to apoptosis and participate in the chronicity of inflammation through the production of IL-6. The perpetuation of inflammation causes an important induction of bone loss in joints.Zinc (Zn) and Cadmium (Cd) share many physico-chemical properties and cell transport mechanism. Zn is known as a regulator of the normal function of the immune system, while Cd properties on the immune system are not well defined.Our aim was to provide information on the metal homeostasis mechanisms in synoviocytes during chronic inflammation and on the consequences of metal homeostasis changes. After studying the differential effect of Zn and Cd at the cellular level, we could provide an innovative tool to control synoviocyte contribution to rheumatoid arthritis, which was tested on an in vivo model of arthritis.Results show that IL-17/TNF-a combination drives the accumulation of metals inside synoviocytes through the enhancing of ZIP-8 importer expression and regardless of the concentration of metals in the culture medium. In contrast, the expression of the metal exporter ZnT1 and of the homeostasis regulators metallothioneins (MTs) was primarily dependent on metal levels.Addition of Zn stimulated the inflammatory response, while addition of Cd can reduce both viability and inflammation.The anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties of Cd were used in the rat model of arthritis as intra-articular treatment to reduce local inflammation and joint destruction and it may represent a new local therapeutic approach for RA treatment