Orientador: Heleno Rodrigues Correa Filho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T21:56:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sabino_MarcosOliveira_M.pdf: 17786685 bytes, checksum: cee62c0e1969919ba7b21e00692767e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: O reconhecimento das condições de produção e dos ambientes e processos de trabalho, e suas repercussões sobre a saude e vida dos trabalhadores e populações potencialmente afetadas representa elemento fundamental para as politicas de saúde publica, meio ambiente e sustentabilidade. Estudos de coortes ocupacionais podem contribuir para tal objetivo. O presente estudo buscou reconhecer a logistica de estrategias, metodos, tecnicas e elementos significativos para a recuperacao de dados e informações necessarias a reconstrução de coortes ocupacionais no contexto brasileiro. Realizou-se uma revisao sistematica da literatura sobre reconstrução de coortes ocupacionais nacionais e estudo do caso Shell-Cyanamid-Basf, ocorrido em Paulinia/SP. Foram identificados e explorados desafios metodologicos, as principais variaveis, dados e informações relacionadas, os atores sociais e sua atuação, concluindo-se pela indicação de acoes sistematizadas e de estrategias combinadas de busca, e pelo reconhecimento da importancia do protagonismo dos trabalhadores nas varias etapas do processo de reconstrução das coortes ocupacionais como ações fundamentais e qualificadoras desses estudos e dos processos de atenção e vigilância a saude dos trabalhadores. / Abstract: The establishment of Public Policies towards Public and Environmental Health and Sustainability depends fundamentally on the recognition of how the means of production and the work processes impact over life and health of workers and the general population. Studies of occupational cohorts may contribute to such objectives. The present study aimed at recognizing the logistics of strategies, methods, techniques and relevant elements to ensure data and information retrieval to rebuilding occupational cohorts in the Brazilian context. A systematic literature review was conducted about Brazilian national occupational cohorts with special focus on de Shell-Cyanamid-Basf environmental spill-over case in Paulinia/SP. This allowed for identifying and exploring methodological breakthroughs to collect main variables, data and information related with systematic research strategies. Organized workers were recognized as key proactive players that developed actions combining social strategies to find their old fellows and job companions to rebuild their occupational cohort. They helped to qualify public actions to implement health services assistance and epidemiological surveillance on workers's health. / Mestrado / Epidemiologia / Mestre em Saude Coletiva

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo discutir a questão da exigibilidade do direito à saúde no Brasil e seu impacto sobre a formulação e implementação de políticas públicas (mínimo existencial x reserva do possível). Aborda-se a evolução histórica da saúde até sua consagração como direito fundamental na Constituição Brasileira de 1988. Por meio da jurisprudência formada favoravelmente à saúde, os tribunais pátrios têm assumido papel ativo na interpretação e na proteção desse direito. Várias vezes, as decisões judiciais determinam, na prática, uma redefinição das políticas públicas do Executivo. Trata-se de um contexto que vem incentivando as pessoas ao ajuizamento de ações para exigir a concretização do direito à saúde, fenômeno também conhecido como judicialização do direito à saúde. Tal ativismo se explica pelo fato de o Judiciário considerar que a ineficiência administrativa e o método de priorização da atenção à saúde revelam falhas que interferem na proteção do acesso à saúde, reconhecendo-os como verdadeiro descumprimento do dever estatal em relação a tal direito. / The current paper aims to discuss the issue of exigibility of the right to health in Brazil and their impact on the formulation and implementation of public policies (existential minimum x reserve for contingencies). In this sense, it approaches the origin of the inclusion of the right to health as a fundamental in the Brazilian Constitution of 1988. Through the jurisprudence created while ruling writs of protection, Brazilian courts have assumed an active role in interpreting and protecting those rights. On several occasions, court rulings have forced the Executive to redefine its policies. This context has led individuals to use writs to seek the realization of their right to health, a phenomenon also called judicialization of the right to health. This activism is explained by the fact that the courts regard administrative inefficiencies and prioritization processes of health services that fail to protect an individuals access, as a violation of government duties towards this right.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2018-09-20T14:11:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 patriciajorgegoncalves.pdf: 800683 bytes, checksum: 53fb1b9628a1343b7e2e043445dcb780 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-10-16T11:49:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 patriciajorgegoncalves.pdf: 800683 bytes, checksum: 53fb1b9628a1343b7e2e043445dcb780 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-16T11:49:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 patriciajorgegoncalves.pdf: 800683 bytes, checksum: 53fb1b9628a1343b7e2e043445dcb780 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-03 / A saúde tornou-se direito de todos e dever do Estado após marcos no setor, como a Reforma Sanitária, na década de 1970; a 8ª Conferência Nacional de Saúde, em 1986; e por fim a Constituição de 1988. Em 1990 foi criada a Lei Orgânica da Saúde nº 8.080, que instituiu o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), o qual garante a saúde de forma universal e igualitária. Uma vez que o direito à saúde é direito fundamental e não pode ser descumprido, cabe a intervenção do Poder Judiciário quando esse direito é negado, fenômeno denominado judicialização da saúde. As demandas judiciais têm gerado grandes custos e várias consequências ao sistema de saúde. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o impacto das ações judiciais no setor de ortopedia da Santa Casa de Juiz de Fora/MG. Foi realizada análise dos prontuários dos pacientes que passaram por cirurgia no setor de Ortopedia da Santa Casa de Juiz de Fora no ano de 2016. E logo após, os pacientes advindos de ação judicial foram identificados, dividindo assim, os pacientes em dois grupos. As variáveis analisadas foram: sexo e idade do paciente; tempo de internação, desfecho e custos, os quais foram desmembrados em: diárias, honorários, procedimentos e materiais e medicamentos. Os resultados demonstraram que os pacientes que realizaram cirurgias por via judicial são, em sua maioria, idoso, com leve predominância do sexo masculino. A maioria das demandas é para a garantia de cirurgias do sistema osteomuscular de membros inferiores, representando 65,9% das cirurgias realizadas por ação judicial em 2016, que também são as cirurgias mais demandadas por via convencional. O custo direto das cirurgias por processos judiciais foi estimado em R$ 2.340.301,68. As diárias representaram o maior custo, sendo responsável por 90,7%. A judicialização nesse estudo expõe deficiências do SUS quanto à oferta de serviços, uma vez que todas as cirurgias demandadas através de ação judicial já são contempladas pelo sistema público de saúde. Assim, os aspectos como: a individualidade e os prazos para cumprimento prevalecem sobre o coletivo e os que esperam nas filas. / Health became the right of all and the duty of the State after milestones in the sector, such as the Sanitary Reform, in the 1970s; the 8th National Health Conference, in 1986; and finally the 1988 Constitution. In 1990, the Organic Health Law No. 8,080 was created, which established the Unified Health System (SUS), which guarantees health in a universal and egalitarian way. Since the right to health is a fundamental right and can not be disregarded, it is the intervention of the Judiciary when this right is denied, a phenomenon called judicialization of health. The lawsuits have generated great costs and several consequences for the health system. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of legal actions in the orthopedic sector of Santa Casa de Juiz de Fora/MG. An analysis was carried out of the medical records of patients who underwent surgery in the orthopedic sector of Santa Casa de Juiz de Fora in the year 2016. Soon afterwards, patients from a judicial action were identified, thus dividing the sample into two groups. The analyzed variables were: sex and age of the patient; time of hospitalization, outcome and costs, which were broken down into: daily, fees, procedures and materials and medicines. The results showed that patients who underwent surgeries by judicial means are mostly elderly, with a slight predominance of males. The largest of the demands is to guarantee osteomuscular lower limb surgeries, accounting for 65.9% of surgeries performed by lawsuit in 2016, which are also the most commonly performed surgeries. The direct cost of surgeries for legal proceedings was estimated at R$ 2,340,301.68. The daily were those that presented the highest cost, accounting for 90.7%. The judicialization in this study exposes deficiencies of the SUS regarding the offer of services, once all the surgeries demanded by lawsuit are already contemplated by the public health system. Thus, the aspects, such as: individuality and deadlines for compliance prevail over the collective and those waiting in the queues.

Master of Public Health / This study aimed to contribute to the current debate around equity in health care resource allocation by measuring the current allocation of resources, relative to need in the Northern Cape. It also discussed the level of inequities in health financing expenditure and staffing at the primary health care level between different districts of the Northern Cape. / South Africa

The author argues that maternal mortality can easily be avoided and that the right to health and life is as much a developmental issue as it is one of human rights. Focuses on the maternal mortality ratio and relevant laws protecting women’s right to life and health in Nigeria and Ethiopia. / A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Salah Hammad, Faculty of Law, Addis Ababa University, Addis / Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2009. / http://www.chr.up.ac.za/ / Centre for Human Rights / LLM

This dissertation is divided into five Chapters. The first chapter provides the background and thereafter justifies the need for this research. It also includes the research questions, the methodology employed in undertaking this research, the literature review, and the limitations of the study. Chapter Two is the theoretical framework of this dissertation. It provides the theories which underpin and explain the interplay between JW guardians’ authority which form the basis of their children’s healthcare decisions on one hand, and children’s RTH on the other hand. Chapter Three examines the legal frameworks for the protection of children’s RTH in the United Kingdom and South Africa and further provides an analysis of the norms and operation of both legal frameworks. This is in order to highlight learning points for possible law reform in Zambia for attaining an effective framework for the protection of children’s RTH. Subsequently, Chapter Four delves into Zambia’s legal framework for the protection of children’s RTH. In view of the comparative study in the preceding Chapter, this Chapter identifies the weaknesses and gaps in Zambia’s children RTH framework by drawing lessons from the foreign laws examined. Subsequently, Chapter Five concludes the study. It summarises the findings and provides the appropriate recommendations for the implementation of effective and adequate children’s RTH framework in Zambia. / Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2021. / Centre for Human Rights / LLM / Unrestricted

This thesis explores a recent innovation in First Nations health, the formation of Canada's First provincial-wide First Nations Health Authority (FNHA). Analyzing this service model against Indigenous assertions of a Treaty Right to Health expressed in the Numbered Treaties, I argue that the realizations of the Treaty Right to Health cannot solely be met under neoliberal models of increased Indigenous capacity in health care service administration. I assert that these models of devolution do not enable Treaty First Nations to achieve Indigenous self-determination in accordance with Treaty rights, relationships and responsibilities. The current discourse on First Nations health care only minimally accounts for the Treaty Right to Health, and where it does, it is devoid of Indigenous understandings of a Treaty Right to Health that encompasses access to healthy lands, waters, and livelihood for an achievement of holistic wellness. Mobilizing an Indigenous auto ethnographic approach which accounts for my own embodied positionally, this thesis problematizes the exclusion of holistic visions of health and well-being against settler governments' orientations toward a neoliberalized health care system. This thesis extends a comparative analytical lens to the political mobilizations of Indigenous advocacy bodies in the province of British Columbia, whose efforts under the New Relationship paradigm in Indigenous-state relations has resulted in an unprecedented practice of health care devolution. / Graduate

The principle of non-discrimination is recognised as vital to the human rights field. In May 2013 the Swedish parliament passed a law that provides undocumented migrants the same limited health care as asylum seekers. In relation, the Swedish Red Cross in a partnership with Malmö University created and distributed a questionnaire amongst Swedish politicians, that in part pertains to this law and also the situation of undocumented migrants’ right to health care.In applying the perspective of non-discrimination, legal challenges to undocumented migrants’ access to health care in Sweden, and the political attitudes surrounding this issue are duly examined. This produces the observation that the non-discrimination principle’s application is of relevant use. In concluding that the legislation examined fails to meet international standards regarding the principle of non-discrimination and the right to health care for undocumented migrants, it provides examples to illustrate that this conclusion is not necessarily representative of the views held by the selected group of politicians included in the twofold questionnaire study.

Yes / Laying claim to highest attainable standard of health is a human right. Support for this right is provided by the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights (United Nations [UN], 1948) and a small number of legally binding international treaties. Among the most important of these for health are the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) (UN, 1966a) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) (UN, 1989). Both these human rights treaties are legally binding for those countries that have ratified them. The ICESCR, in particular, articulates a comprehensive view of the obligations of state members of the United Nations (UN) to respect, protect and fulfil the right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health – known as ‘the right to health’. It provides for both freedoms, such as the right to be free from non-consensual and uninformed medical treatment, medical experimentation, or forced HIV testing, as well as entitlements. These entitlements include the right to a system of protection on an equal basis for all, a system of prevention, treatments and control of disease, access to essential medicines, and services for sexual and reproductive health; and access to information and education about health for everyone. The Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ECSCR) monitors compliance with these provisions. Most states have ratified the ICESCR, and all but two (Somalia and the US) have ratified the CRC.

A presente Dissertação centra-se no estudo da busca de um conceito amplo de saúde. Constata-se que a Doutrina Jurídica Sanitária não se preocupa com o real conteúdo da saúde, remetendo a conceituação para as leis e tratados internacionais, que também não o alcançam. Assim, foca o debate na questão da obrigatoriedade ou não das prestações de saúde pelo Estado, fundamentando-se, para tanto, na realidade do que é Judicializado. Tal modo de observar a saúde restringe o seu conteúdo, não se coadunando com o referido conceito amplo de saúde assegurado constitucionalmente. Revela-se, assim, uma incongruência entre a conceituação, que deve ser ampla, e o tratamento conferido pela Doutrina Jurídica acerca do direito à saúde, que o restringe. Por isso, recorreu-se à Doutrina da Medicina Social, a fim de se buscar a essência da saúde e, em conseqüência, possibilitar uma cincepção mais ampla. A saúde é entendida, então, como um direito social, fundamental e humano, cuja prestação efetiva é essencial para o bem estar dos cidadãos. Como pano de fundo teórico utiliza-se a vinculação do Estado a sua finalidade, que não pode ser outra, senão a felicidade genuína de seu povo. / This dissertation intends to study the search for a "broad concept of health". It appears that the Legal Sanitary Doctrine doesnt concern about the actual content of health and leaves it for international laws and treaties, which dont reach the broad concept aimed. Thus, the debate focuses on the question of whether or not the requirement for health services by the state, basing himself to do so, the reality of what is judicialized. This way of looking at health restricts its content and is not consistent with the aforementioned "broad concept of health" constitutionally guaranteed. It is, therefore, an incongruity between the concept, which should be ample, and the treatment given by the Legal Sanitary Doctrine, which restricts them. Therefore, we resorted to the Doctrine of Social Medicine, in order to find the essence of which is health and, consequently, its broad concept. Health is understood, then, as a social right, fundamental and human, whose actual provision is essential for the well being of citizens. As theoretical background, it uses the linking of the state to its purpose, which can not be other than the genuine happiness of his people.