No Abstract available / Jurisprudence / L.LD.

L’objectif de cette thèse est de comprendre de quelle manière le juge décide de la culpabilité de l’accusé, notamment dans les affaires de vol et de trafic de stupéfiants. En s’appuyant sur le programme ethnométhodologique et sur une enquête ethnographique, la recherche se penche sur l’ensemble de pratiques et raisonnements présents dans l’activité décisionnelle des juges, afin de rendre visibles les savoirs d’action mobilisés pour décider de la culpabilité. La thèse montre que la prise de décision est fortement marquée par la présomption de culpabilité qui découle d’un processus de catégorisation des justiciables en tant que « voleurs » et « trafiquants ». Ces catégories typiques sont associées à l’image de l’ennemi, c’est-à-dire, l’individu insoumis et incapable d’un modus vivendi commun (Jakobs, 2009). Prenant appui sur les analyses empiriques réalisées, l’étude fait une analogie entre la figure de l’ennemi et le concept d’homo sacer (Agamben, 1997; 2002) en proposant finalement que le verdict de culpabilité se construit à l’intérieur d’un « camp » - c’est-à-dire, un lieu de suspension de l’ordre juridique (Agamben, 1997) – qui se structure, paradoxalement, au sein même de la justice pénale. Mots-clés: sentencing ; vol ; trafic de stupéfiants ; verdict de culpabilité ; Brésil / This ethnographic study of the judicial practices in Brazil investigates how criminal judges decide the guilt of the accused. The research shows that this decision is strongly influenced by the presumption of guilt arising from a process of categorization of individuals as "thieves" and "drug traffickers". These categories are associated with the typical image of the enemy, that is to say, the individual unruly and incapable of common modus vivendi (Jakobs, 2009). Building on empirical data, the study makes an analogy between the enemy and the concept of homo sacer (Agamben, 1997, 2002), suggesting that the verdict of guilt builts inside a "camp", i.e, a place of suspension of the juridical order (Agamben, 1997).

L’objectif de cette thèse est de comprendre de quelle manière le juge décide de la culpabilité de l’accusé, notamment dans les affaires de vol et de trafic de stupéfiants. En s’appuyant sur le programme ethnométhodologique et sur une enquête ethnographique, la recherche se penche sur l’ensemble de pratiques et raisonnements présents dans l’activité décisionnelle des juges, afin de rendre visibles les savoirs d’action mobilisés pour décider de la culpabilité. La thèse montre que la prise de décision est fortement marquée par la présomption de culpabilité qui découle d’un processus de catégorisation des justiciables en tant que « voleurs » et « trafiquants ». Ces catégories typiques sont associées à l’image de l’ennemi, c’est-à-dire, l’individu insoumis et incapable d’un modus vivendi commun (Jakobs, 2009). Prenant appui sur les analyses empiriques réalisées, l’étude fait une analogie entre la figure de l’ennemi et le concept d’homo sacer (Agamben, 1997; 2002) en proposant finalement que le verdict de culpabilité se construit à l’intérieur d’un « camp » - c’est-à-dire, un lieu de suspension de l’ordre juridique (Agamben, 1997) – qui se structure, paradoxalement, au sein même de la justice pénale. Mots-clés: sentencing ; vol ; trafic de stupéfiants ; verdict de culpabilité ; Brésil / This ethnographic study of the judicial practices in Brazil investigates how criminal judges decide the guilt of the accused. The research shows that this decision is strongly influenced by the presumption of guilt arising from a process of categorization of individuals as "thieves" and "drug traffickers". These categories are associated with the typical image of the enemy, that is to say, the individual unruly and incapable of common modus vivendi (Jakobs, 2009). Building on empirical data, the study makes an analogy between the enemy and the concept of homo sacer (Agamben, 1997, 2002), suggesting that the verdict of guilt builts inside a "camp", i.e, a place of suspension of the juridical order (Agamben, 1997).

Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-05T17:40:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 A questão financeira é uma questão política.pdf: 2793597 bytes, checksum: 9625a13d23ff664f292ba208abd53c4f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela (anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-11-18T19:12:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 A questão financeira é uma questão política.pdf: 2793597 bytes, checksum: 9625a13d23ff664f292ba208abd53c4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-18T19:12:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 A questão financeira é uma questão política.pdf: 2793597 bytes, checksum: 9625a13d23ff664f292ba208abd53c4f (MD5) / CAPES / O trabalho investiga a atuação do Partido Comunista Brasileiro Revolucionário (PCBR) e a experiência de seus militantes em ações armadas durante a década de 1980. Partindo, principalmente, de um processo produzido contra um grupo de militantes presos em Salvador, Bahia, após uma tentativa de assalto a banco, estuda as estratégias políticas planejadas pelo PCBR durante o período da redemocratização brasileira. Apresenta os conflitos sociais e políticos decorrentes dessa tentativa de assalto, nas esferas pública e privada. Demonstra assim, que parte das esquerdas brasileiras ainda se mantinha fiel a ideais revolucionários armados, caraterísticos do marxismo-leninismo, bem como precisavam obter recursos para sua existência política em ambiente cujos espaços democráticos estavam reabertos. The paper investigates the performance of the Brazilian Communist Party Revolutionary (PCBR, acronym in Portuguese) and experience of its militants in armed actions during the 1980s. Based mainly on a process produced against a group of militants arrested in Salvador, Bahia, after an attempted bank robbery, studying political strategies devised by PCBR during the period of Brazilian democratization. Presents the social and political conflicts resulting from this attempted robbery in the public and private spheres. Thus shows that part of the Brazilian left, she remains faithful to revolutionary ideals armed, characteristic of Marxism-Leninism, and obtain needed resources for their political existence in an environment whose democratic spaces were reopened.

Submitted by Torres Lucas (lucaspmt@hotmail.com) on 2013-07-22T13:16:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 “A questão financeira é uma questão política”_Lucas Porto Marchesini Torres.pdf: 2793589 bytes, checksum: 7780b8112297e458b717d1d7fe893f6b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela (anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-11-18T17:32:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 “A questão financeira é uma questão política”_Lucas Porto Marchesini Torres.pdf: 2793589 bytes, checksum: 7780b8112297e458b717d1d7fe893f6b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-18T17:32:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 “A questão financeira é uma questão política”_Lucas Porto Marchesini Torres.pdf: 2793589 bytes, checksum: 7780b8112297e458b717d1d7fe893f6b (MD5) / O trabalho investiga a atuação do Partido Comunista Brasileiro Revolucionário (PCBR) e a experiência de seus militantes em ações armadas durante a década de 1980. Partindo, principalmente, de um processo produzido contra um grupo de militantes presos em Salvador, Bahia, após uma tentativa de assalto a banco, estuda as estratégias políticas planejadas pelo PCBR durante o período da redemocratização brasileira. Apresenta os conflitos sociais e políticos decorrentes dessa tentativa de assalto, nas esferas pública e privada. Demonstra assim, que parte das esquerdas brasileiras ainda se mantinha fiel a ideais revolucionários armados, caraterísticos do marxismo-leninismo, bem como precisavam obter recursos para sua existência política em ambiente cujos espaços democráticos estavam reabertos. / Salvador

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / A intenÃÃo desta tese à compreender a relaÃÃo entre medo e violÃncia em situaÃÃes de assalto, buscando analisar como a sensaÃÃo de inseguranÃa mediante uma violÃncia difusa pode ser percebida nos relatos de moradores da cidade de Fortaleza-CE, interferindo em suas sociabilidades e no modo como interagem com o ambiente urbano. Dito de outra forma, de que modo o medo de assalto interfere nas dinÃmicas do cotidiano dos que habitam a cidade? ApÃs a anÃlise dos dados coletados, o estudo aponta que a expectativa ou a experiÃncia de ter passado por uma situaÃÃo de assalto altera as relaÃÃes de sociabilidade, na medida em que interferem no modo como as pessoas se deslocam pelas ruas, as fazem adotar medidas de seguranÃa individuais, passando a observar o outro com desconfianÃa e contribuem para a elaboraÃÃo de falas que compreendem a justiÃa feita com as prÃprias mÃos como uma forma de conter o ato criminoso. / This thesis has as the object of analysis residents of the city of Fortaleza-CE who fear going through situations of robberies in the urban environment, seeking to perceive who these individuals are and how their sociabilities are altered through the sensation of fear and insecurity. In this sense, the focus of the research is to understand the relationship between fear and violence in situations of assault, trying to analyze how it interferes in the daily lives of those who inhabit the capital of CearÃ. After analyzing the data collected, the study indicates that the expectation or the experience of having been in a situation of assault alter the relations of sociability, interfering in the way that people move on the streets, make them adopt individual security measures, start to observe the other with suspicion and contribute to the elaboration of statements that comprise justice done with their own hands as a form of contain the criminal act.

In South Africa all the major categories of violent crime (homicide, aggravated robbery, serious assault and rape) showed an increase during the early 2000s. More than half of the total offences that were committed in South Africa during 2005 were aggressive offences. The goal of the study was to explore the perception of offenders regarding the triggering and contributing socio-economic factors to aggravated robbery with a view to inform rehabilitation and re-integration programmes for these offenders. Within the context of the interrelatedness of socio-economic factors such as poverty, inequality, unemployment and human rights, developmental social welfare and its underpinning theory of social development was an appropriate theoretical framework for the study. A qualitative research approach was utilised for the study and data was gathered by means of semi-structured interviews. Respondents for the study included maximum-term offenders that were serving an imprisonment sentence for aggravated robbery. The research findings indicate a reciprocal relationship between poverty, inequality, unemployment, intoxicating substances and intra- and interpersonal factors as possible triggering and contributing factors to aggravated robbery. Unemployment, which is exacerbated by a lack of education and skills development and linked to intra- and interpersonal factors, appears to be a dominant socio-economic factor that could contribute to or trigger aggravated robbery. The study concluded that rehabilitation programmes still lack a holistic, integrated developmental approach and hence do not prepare ex-offenders for full integration into society. The Department of Correctional Services was pointed out as a significant role-player in facilitating rehabilitation programmes that include skills development for job creation in a holistic, integrated developmental manner. Recommendations include that the Department of Correctional Services should seek partnerships and closer working relations with external service providers, and develop and implement integrated developmental rehabilitation programmes that will facilitate the creation of productive economic opportunities for offenders while they are still incarcerated and once they have been released back into the community. / Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

No Abstract available / Jurisprudence / L.LD.

The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) was formed in 1994 after the integration of different “defence forces” into one large force. The sole existence of the SANDF is to protect the borders of the Republic of South Africa and its inhabitants. Resources such as vehicles make it easier for the SANDF to conduct mobile patrols and other operations to ensure that the organisation is always combat-ready. Motor vehicle theft is a crime that affects both individual citizens and organisations in South Africa; the SANDF is not immune to the crime. Many SANDF motor vehicles are stolen almost every day, and in most cases, these vehicles are taken without a trace. While there are security measures in place aimed at preventing theft of SANDF vehicles but these methods have proven futile. A literature review formed the basis of the study. Once the main theory and ideologies were identified, unstructured interviews were undertaken to gather information from various stakeholders. Observations were also conducted to determine behavioural patterns within military bases/units with regard to the parking of SANDF vehicles, even when the vehicles were parked in urban settings. Essentially, there is a problem regarding the security of SANDF vehicles and also the security within military bases / units. This study indicated that the SANDF loses vast amounts of money due to motor vehicle theft in Gauteng Province. The findings also revealed that the current vehicle security measures are outdated, ineffective and inadequate in preventing SANDF vehicles from being stolen. The recommendations are that the SANDF must invest more of its budget on vehicle security, rather than continuing with fruitless and monetary expenditure by conducting Board of Inquiries (BOI) or lengthy investigations in an attempt to relocate stolen vehicles or to determine how a particular vehicle was stolen. The SANDF requires a comprehensive system that should prevent the theft of its vehicles, as well as curbing the misuse of vehicles which ultimately renders SANDF vehicles as easy targets. / Police Practice / M. Tech. (Policing)

The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) was formed in 1994 after the integration of different “defence forces” into one large force. The sole existence of the SANDF is to protect the borders of the Republic of South Africa and its inhabitants. Resources such as vehicles make it easier for the SANDF to conduct mobile patrols and other operations to ensure that the organisation is always combat-ready. Motor vehicle theft is a crime that affects both individual citizens and organisations in South Africa; the SANDF is not immune to the crime. Many SANDF motor vehicles are stolen almost every day, and in most cases, these vehicles are taken without a trace. While there are security measures in place aimed at preventing theft of SANDF vehicles but these methods have proven futile. A literature review formed the basis of the study. Once the main theory and ideologies were identified, unstructured interviews were undertaken to gather information from various stakeholders. Observations were also conducted to determine behavioural patterns within military bases/units with regard to the parking of SANDF vehicles, even when the vehicles were parked in urban settings. Essentially, there is a problem regarding the security of SANDF vehicles and also the security within military bases / units. This study indicated that the SANDF loses vast amounts of money due to motor vehicle theft in Gauteng Province. The findings also revealed that the current vehicle security measures are outdated, ineffective and inadequate in preventing SANDF vehicles from being stolen. The recommendations are that the SANDF must invest more of its budget on vehicle security, rather than continuing with fruitless and monetary expenditure by conducting Board of Inquiries (BOI) or lengthy investigations in an attempt to relocate stolen vehicles or to determine how a particular vehicle was stolen. The SANDF requires a comprehensive system that should prevent the theft of its vehicles, as well as curbing the misuse of vehicles which ultimately renders SANDF vehicles as easy targets. / Police Practice / M. Tech. (Policing)