Orientadores: Fatima Bottcher-Luiz, Maria Yolanda Makuch / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T06:12:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goncalves_EsequielLaco_D.pdf: 974475 bytes, checksum: 3034498be25000cc6e7617f4f7097099 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O presente estudo teve como objetivos estudar as características psicológicas e as vivências em portadoras de distúrbios de diferenciação sexual, caracterizados por um fenótipo feminino e o cariótipo 46,XY. Foram selecionadas oito participantes, com idade entre 22 e 44 anos, que apresentavam amenorréia e esterilidade primárias, comprometimento dos caracteres sexuais secundários e diagnóstico de disgenesia gonadal pura 46,XY ou síndrome de insensibilidade androgênica completa. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas semidirigidas e aplicação do teste projetivo Rorschach. Seguindo as premissas do método clínico-qualitativo, observou-se que as pacientes tiveram uma infância sem intercorrências significativas até o início da adolescência, quando a ausência de menstruação e de outros sinais característicos desta etapa do desenvolvimento revelaram as diferenças em relação às demais meninas. Após o estabelecimento do diagnóstico e tratamento, passaram por período sofrido de questionamento sobre a dimensão e o significado das síndromes, uma vez que o tratamento não revertia suas manifestações, especialmente quanto à infertilidade. Como agravante, observou-se insegurança quanto à percepção de intercorrências pelos parceiros e dificuldades com a imagem corporal após a cirurgia profilática das gônadas e uso da terapia hormonal. Estas mulheres foram seriamente abaladas pelo diagnóstico, gerando negação e/ou incompreensão deste, mas sempre se perceberam como femininas, tanto na entrevista como no teste Rorschach. A análise conjunta dos dados apontou claramente para a necessidade de formação de grupos de apoio que não contemplem apenas a infertilidade, mas também o esclarecimento sobre os aspectos peculiares destas síndromes genéticas e suas manifestações na vida adulta / Abstract: The present study was aimed at assessing the psychological characteristics and experiences of individuals with sex differentiation disorders, represented by phenotypic females with a 46,XY karyotype. Eight participants were selected, ages ranging from 22 to 44 years, who presented primary amenorrhea and sterility, lack of development of secondary sexual characteristics and diagnosed with a 46,XY Pure Gonadal Dysgenesis or Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome. Data was collected by using semi-structured interviews and by applying the Rorschach projective test. Based on the assumptions of the clinical qualitative method, it was observed that the patients described an uneventful childhood until the beginning of adolescence, when absence of menstruation and other signs characteristic of this developmental stage revealed the differences between these patients and other girls. After the diagnosis and treatment were established, the patients experienced a painful period of doubts about the magnitude and meaning of these syndromes, since treatment did not reverse their manifestations, especially regarding infertility. To further aggravate the situation, these patients demonstrated a sense of insecurity about their partners¿ perception of complications as well as difficulties with their body image after undergoing prophylactic gonadectomy and use of hormone therapy. These women were deeply upset by the diagnosis, which generated feelings of negation and/or incomprehension, although they had always perceived themselves as being feminine, both in the interview and in the Rorschach test. Taken together, data analysis clearly showed the need to form support groups not only to consider infertility, but also to explain the peculiar aspects of these genetic syndromes and their manifestations in adult life / Doutorado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Doutor em Tocoginecologia

Estudar a personalidade de artistas através do método de Rorschach é tarefa conhecida na psicologia clássica, observar evolução de fatores de personalidade, é tarefa rara, visto a necessidade de manter contato com os mesmos sujeitos, utilizar as mesmas metodologias, visando aprimorar o conhecimento de áreas específicas que fazem parte do desenvolvimento da criatividade, da psicologia e da arte. Com finalidade de caracterizar os fatores de personalidade e suas diferentes manifestações, sob a influência da maturidade, treino e experiência profissional e aspectos psicossociais, foi realizado o teste de Rorscharh em quatro artistas do sexo feminino, individualmente, em dois momentos distintos da vida das mesmas, 1988 e 2005. Em relação ao trabalho mental, foi observado um aumento da produtividade e da qualidade; assim como a percepção tornou-se mais prática e equilibrada. A adaptação para com a média intelectual diminuiu em contraposição ao aumento do contato com a realidade, da objetividade e da aceitação das normas grupais. Os indivíduos testados apresentaram personalidade flexível com múltiplos recursos: criatividade crescente, capacidade reflexiva, sensibilidade emocional crescente e evolução das respostas afetivas. Na análise do tipo de vivência observou-se maior introversão, e na dinâmica psíquica houve o predomínio do pólo intelectual em relação ao emocional. Interesses diversificados deslocando-se dos interesses centrais para os de cotidiano, primários e intelectuais. Outros resultados importantes destacados são: crescimento da atuação no meio e aumento da subjetividade, diminuição da impulsividade. Vale ressaltar que os indivíduos testados apresentaram grande número de mecanismos inusuais de reação nos dois momentos do estudo. A produtividade e outros sinais correlatos foram sensíveis à mobilização afetiva e ao tempo. A aplicação do teste de Rorscharch em artistas permitiu a elaboração de um conjunto de fatores representativos da personalidade dos mesmos. Evidenciou-se como contra-ponto marcante: produção criativa com estilo próprio versus forte subjetivação desadaptativa. / To study the artists personality by means of the Rorschach method is, for Classic Psychology, a known task. To observe the evolution of the factors related to the personality is very rare due to the need to keep in touch with the same individuals, and to employ the same methodologies, with the goal of enhancing the know-how of specific subjects that are connected to the development of creativity, psychology, and art. With the objective of characterizing personality traits and their distinct manifestations under the influence of: maturity, practice, professional experience and psychosocial aspects, four female artists, were individually submitted to the Rorschach Test, in two distinct moments of their lives: 1988 and 2005. An increase in productivity and quality was observed in regards to intellectual activities, with the individual having a more practical and balanced perception. As the contact with reality, objectivity, and acceptance of group guidelines increased there was a decrease in the adaptation of the average intellect. The individuals submitted to the test demonstrated to have a flexible personality with multiple resources: increased creativity, reasoning capacity, a growing emotional sensitivity, and an evolution of the affectionate responses. In analyzing this type of life we observed a greater introversion, and in the psychic dynamic there was a predominance of the intellect side in detriment of the emotional one. Diverse interests flowing from core ones to those related to: daily, primary, and intellectual ones. Other important results that are important to mention are: increased activity, increased subjectivity, and decrease in the impulsiveness. It is important to mention that the individuals, submitted to the test, demonstrated many unusual reaction mechanisms during the Studys two phases. The productivity and other corresponding signs showed sensitivity to the demonstration of affection and the passage of time. The application of the Rorscharch Test in Artists produced a group of factors that were representative of their respective personalities. A marked counterpoint became evident: creative productivity with own style versus a strong un-adaptive subjectivity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T23:00:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo6524_1.pdf: 2249661 bytes, checksum: 87be8eec23a4425975ea05e86a79102a (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A percepção representa a organização e interpretação de todos os elementos advindos da nossa experiência sensorial; ela dá significado ao que é sentido. Baseados no princípio de que a percepção sensorial é alterada, na esquizofrenia, antes de qualquer alteração cognitiva (SIMAS, 2011), os estudos anteriores com os quadros de Salvador Dali oferecem indícios de que estes são particularmente adequados para medir alterações perceptivas visuais relacionadas à forma e tamanho. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a percepção visual em pacientes com esquizofrenia comparando seus tamanhos preferidos nos quadros de Salvador Dali, nas pranchas de Rorschach e nos quadros de Victor Molev. Participaram do estudo 21 voluntários de ambos os sexos entre pacientes com esquizofrenia (GE) e aqueles sem diagnóstico de patologia (GC) do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Os procedimentos envolveram a apresentação aleatória de três classes de estímulos: fotografias de 24 quadros do pintor Salvador Dali, 24 de Victor Molev e as 10 pranchas de Rorschach, em uma estante de partitura, sem limite de tempo para observação, a uma distância de 30 cm do olho do observador. Os estímulos foram apresentados sucessivamente, seguindo a mesma ordem para todos os participantes com uma instrução padronizada: Você vai ver fotografias de quadros de um pintor e, depois de olhar cada uma, você deverá indicar a primeira figura que mais lhe chamou atenção . Na seqüência, o participante registrou a primeira figura que percebeu circulando-a sobre a pasta L transparente, com um marcador permanente. Um segundo experimento com 41 estudantes (grupo de universitários, GU) foi conduzido no LabVis-UFPE com as três classes de estímulos digitalizadas e apresentadas no programa Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2003 seguindo os mesmos procedimentos. Na análise estatística, o teste não-paramétrico Kruskal-Wallis foi utilizado, não apresentando diferenças significantes entre GE e GC para qualquer dos quadros de Dali, Molev e das pranchas de Rorschach. A amostra dos estudantes, GU, foi submetida aos mesmos testes e, na comparação com o estudo conduzido no ambulatório com o GE e GC, apresentaram diferenças significantes em todas as pranchas de Rorschach; todos os quadros de Dali (exceto no quadro 5); e todos de Molev com exceção dos quadros 56 e 69. No GU, os tamanhos das figuras escolhidas foram iguais à metade daquelas no GE e GC. Esta comparação entre os estudos 1 e 2, assim como a hipótese investigada nos estudos anteriores, apontam a necessidade de novos estudos comparando as variáveis entre diferentes características dos grupos controles

Fifteen adult women (mean age 34.5 years) participated in this exploratory study. The study aimed to identify commonalities in trichotillomania patients’ personality structure and psychological functioning. Relevant historical data were obtained, the Massachusetts General Hospital Hairpulling Scale was completed, and a Rorschach test in terms of the Comprehensive System was administered. The results point to an innate vulnerability in the sample’s personality structure that impedes their capacity for efficient problem-solving, decision-making, and coping behaviour. Other key findings include a distorted perception of themselves, a limited capacity for control and stress tolerance, difficulty in modulating and expressing emotions, the interference of primary process thinking in ideational activity, and the effects of these factors on their interpersonal relationships. Theoretical inferences are made about the probable aetiological roots of these findings. As the subjects’ level of functioning was unexpectedly high in the light of their deep-rooted pathology, the dynamic role and function of self-induced hair pulling as a symptom were considered. Suggestions are made to improve the treatment prognosis of the disorder. / Dissertation (MA (Clinical Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Psychology / unrestricted

A case study approach was followed to determine the changes in the nature and use of affect of a sexually abused girl (age 9) while in psychotherapy. One outpatient was tested twice, one year apart, using the Rorschach Inkblot Method during the twenty-month period of psychotherapy. The two protocol results were compared for changes in the Affect cluster of Rorschach tested variables, according to Exner’s Comprehensive System. The results took into account the age of patient at the time of abuse, being at a preverbal age, and the psychotherapeutic process and content. Some of the results indicated similar dynamics to previous studies at the initial testing. The results further indicated a greater ability of the subject to use affective material; greater coping capacity; a greater awareness of negative internal affective material; and a less avoidant capacity to tolerate emotional content. Some regressive tendencies in the use of affect were explored in this case study. Potential reasons for the regressive tendency were discussed in light of the individual characteristics of the subject, the available research and theory, and the therapeutic content. / Dissertation (MA (Clinical Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Psychology / unrestricted

The purpose of the present investigation was to investigate the relationship of cognitive complexity, as measured by a quantitative index of human movement responses, and the number of different constructs in one psychological system.

The Rorschach records and Wechsler Intelligence Scale scores of sixty-six children between the ages of 5 and 13 were compared. Subjects in each group were from one of three conditions: children who have documented histories of physical abuse, children referred for clinical intervention with no history of abuse, and a community sample of children with no documented history of abuse or psychological treatment. Data from the groups were analyzed to examine evidence of increased reliance on ego functions related to motor activity and concurrent deficits in other areas of ego function by subjects in the physical abuse group. Results revealed that the physical abuse group showed a greater tendency toward color-dominant responses on the Rorschach than the comparison groups and that the Community control group produced records with lower extended form quality than the clinical groups. No significant differences were found for Performance/Verbal IQ split, EB style, Cooperative Movement or Aggressive content.

No description available.

Los cuidadores de Hogares Protegidos [HP] cumplen funciones que pueden generar un impacto en su salud mental, especialmente en su afectividad, y control y tolerancia al estrés. Así, la presente investigación busca describir las características afectivas y la capacidad de control en un grupo de 26 cuidadores de HP de una provincia peruana. Para esto, se utilizaron los clústers de afectividad, y de control y tolerancia al estrés del Sistema Comprehensivo para el Psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach y una ficha de datos. Los resultados obtenidos se contrastaron con un grupo de comparación de características sociodemográficas similares. En relación a la afectividad, las variables FC y de espacio en blanco S fueron menores en el grupo de estudio, mientras que las variables CF, C, y las de sombreado (FY, YF y SumY) fueron mayores, con respecto al grupo en comparación. En relación al clúster de control y tolerancia al estrés, solamente los puntajes D y AdjD fueron menores que el grupo de contraste. Los resultados sugieren que los cuidadores de HP experimentan emociones poco moduladas que conllevan a una dificultad para la regulación de sus emociones y a un tipo de descargas afectivas con un control disminuido. Se evidencia la existencia de fuertes sentimientos de malestar de origen situacional, sin que puedan ser controlados y que tienden a ser evitados. Asimismo, hay una dificultad para generar conductas deliberadas frente a situaciones estresantes de manera cotidiana, ante lo cual presentan respuestas de afrontamiento evitativo. Finalmente, se mencionan las limitaciones, recomendaciones, y alcances del estudio. / Caregivers of “Hogares Protegidos” carry out many functions that generate an impact on their mental health, especially in their affectivity, and control and tolerance to the stress. Therefore, this research aims to describe the emotional expression and the capacity for control in a group of 30 caregivers of “Hogares Protegidos” in a Peruvian province. The evaluation was performed with the Rorschach test using the comprehensive system of Exner, and with a data sheet. Also, the results obtained from the sample were compared with a comparison group of similar socio-demographic characteristics. Concerning to the affectivity cluster, variables FC and the responses to the blank space S were lower in the study group, while the variables CF, C and those representative of shading variables (FY, YF and SumY) were higher, compared to the contrast group. Concerning to the control and stress tolerance cluster, only the scores D and AdjD have a lower setting than the comparison group, obtaining both negative values. The results showed that there is a greater impact in the affective world of caregivers of Hogares protegidos, like an experience of emotions of great intensity that entail a difficulty for the regulation of their emotions and a type of emotional discharges more uncontrolled. There is evidence of strong feelings of discomfort of a situational event, without being able to be controlled. Also, they showed a difficulty to generate deliberate behaviors facing stressful situations in a particular and daily way, before which avoidant coping responses will be presented. Finally, the limitations and scope of the study are mentioned, as well as the recommendations.

El maltrato infantil tiene un impacto negativo en el desarrollo y la salud de los niños y niñas. La presente investigación busca describir la afectividad y el control y tolerancia al estrés de un grupo de veinte niños y niñas víctimas de maltrato físico y psicológico. La medición se realizó con el clúster de afectividad y con el de control y tolerancia al estrés del Sistema Comprehensivo para el Psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach (SCR). Los resultados del SCR se contrastaron con la data de Exner (2003) a través de la Prueba T para una muestra, para las variables paramétricas; y con la Prueba de Rangos con signos de Wilcoxon, para las variables no paramétricas. Se encontraron diecisiete diferencias significativas entre los grupos (R, Lambda, EA, lado izquierdo de la EB, lado derecho de la EB, es, lado izquierdo de la eb, m, Sum C’, SumPondC, Afr, CF, Sum T, S, Complj., CDI y DEPI). Los resultados evidencian que los/as niños/as del grupo de estudio presentan un estilo evitativo, que exhiben una fuerte tendencia a la constricción involuntaria y al hipercontrol consciente de sus afectos; y poco interés por rodearse de estímulos emocionales. La mayoría tiene serias dificultades para manejar situaciones socioafectivas y cerca de un tercio presenta una mayor vulnerabilidad para desarrollar depresión u otro trastorno afectivo. El análisis de contenido refleja lo hallado a nivel cuantitativo y también expresa la percepción de los/as niños/as de sus figuras parentales y su deseo por vivir en un entorno más seguro y positivo. Finalmente, la discusión está organizada en torno a tres ejes: la pertinencia de la elección del instrumento para trabajar con la población del estudio; el análisis de los contrastes encontrados entre el grupo de participantes y la data de Exner (2003), y el análisis de contenido; y los alcances y limitaciones de este trabajo. / Child maltreatment has a negative impact in the development and health of children. The present investigation sought to describe the affect and control and stress tolerance of a group of twenty physically and psychologically abused children. The measurement was performed with the cluster of affect and the one of control and stress tolerance of the Comprehensive System for the Rorschach Test. The results from the Rorschach Test were contrasted with Exner’s data (2003) through the T-Test for one sample, in the case of the parametric variables; and with the Wilcoxon signed-rank Test, in the case of the non parametric variables. Seventeen significant differences were found between the groups (R, Lambda, EA, left side of EB, right side of EB, es, left side of eb, m, Sum C’, WSumC, Afr, CF, Sum T, S, Blends, CDI y DEPI). The results show that children of the study group have an avoidant style, a strong tendency to involuntary affective constraint and an aware hypercontrol of emotions; and little interest in surround themselves with emotional stimuli. Most of them have serious difficulties to cope with socio-emotional situations and about a third of the group show increased vulnerability to develop depression or another mood disorder. The content analysis is consistent with what was found quantitatively and it also shows the perception that these children have of their parental figures and their wish to live in a safer and much positive environment. Finally, the discussion is organized around three main topics: the pertinence of the instrument for this group, the analysis of the found contrasts between the participants and Exner’s data (2003) and the content analysis; and the extensions and limitations of this research.