A total of 169 batches of chicken (almost 4 million pieces) were included in the survey, of which 88 batches were Cobb 500 chicken and 81 batches Ross 308 chickens. The difference in the European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF) was 30 points in favour of the Ross 308 hybrid when compared with the Cobb 500 hybrid (395 and 365 points respectively, P < 0.05). During the monitored years, the EPEF gradually increased from 357 points in 2014 to 404 points in 2017, i.e. by 47 points (P < 0.05). From the perspective of the hatchery influence (A and B), the Ross 308 hybrid was found have almost identical EPEF (394 and 395 points respectively). The EPEF of the Cobb 500 hybrid was 27 points higher in hatchery B (380 and 353 points respectively, P < 0.05). The dependence of the live weight of the hybrid at slaughter on the age of the parent flock was found to be r = 0.41, i.e. moderate, statistically significant. A higher EPEF was achieved when fattening in green light as compared with white light. For the Cobb 500 hybrid, the difference was only 2 points (367 and 365 points respectively). For Ross 308 hybrid, the difference was higher, 11 points (404 and 393 points respectively). In the high-capacity hall, fattening took longer than in the small-capacity hall. The difference amounted to 0.92 days for the Cobb 500 hybrid (33.66 and 32.74 days respectively) and 0.11 days for the Ross 308 hybrid (33.11 and 33.00 days respectively). The differences in live weight were small, i.e. 0.01 kg for the Cobb 500 hybrid (2.09 and 2.10 kg respectively) and 0.02 kg for the Ross 308 hybrid (2.12 and 2.14 kg respectively), as were the differences in the feed mixture consumption per 1 kg weight gain, i.e. 0.02 kg for the Cobb 500 hybrid (1.57 and 1.59 kg respectively) and 0.03 kg for the Ross 308 hybrid (1.56 and 1.53 kg respectively). Higher mortality was found in the high-capacity hall. It was slightly higher, by 0.06 %, for the Cobb 500 hybrid (3.26 and 3.20 % respectively). For the Ross 308 hybrid, there was a higher difference of 0.72 % (3.46 and 2.74 % respectively). The EPEF was found to be slightly lower in the high-capacity hall compared to the low-capacity hall. The difference amounted to 9 points for the Cobb 500 hybrid (383 and 392 points respectively) and 17 points for the Ross 308 hybrid (395 and 412 points respectively).

Esta dissertação investiga a relação existente entre a concentração de sódio em um testemunho de gelo (D98) da ilha James Ross (Antártica) e a área coberta por gelo marinho nos mares de Amundsen e Bellingshausen no período 1979–1991. A concentração total de sódio do D98 foi obtida de amostras analisadas por Joseph McConnell (McConnell et al., 2007). A variação da cobertura de gelo marinho nos mares de Amundsen e Bellingshausen origina-se de dados providos pelo algoritmo da Equipe da NASA no National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) determinados a partir da temperatura de brilho captada por sensores satelitais como o Scanning Multi-Channel Microwave Radiometer e o Special Sensor Microwave Imager. Usando o Software ArcGis 9.3, calculou-se a área média mensal da cobertura do gelo marinho naqueles mares. Dados meteorológicos da estação antártica Marambio (da Argentina) originam-se do Projeto Reference Antarctic Data for Environmental Research (READER). Para determinar a direção do vento em altitude foram rodadas reanálises NCEP/NCAR da composição média do vetor de vento para os níveis 850 e 700 mb e que indicam o predomínio dos ventos de oeste na região da ilha James Ross. A regressão de Pearson calculada entre a série temporal da concentração de sódio e a velocidade do vento em Marambio é fraca (r = –0,16). Para testar se a concentração de sódio total no testemunho D98 poderia ser considerado um indicador indireto da extensão do gelo marinho nos mares de Amundsen e Bellingshausen, foi calculada a correlação entre as duas séries temporais. Uma correlação relativamente alta (r = –0,60) com alto nível de confiança (p<0.001) indica que a concentração de Na no testemunho D98 esta fortemente associada à extensão do gelo marinho naqueles mares. Ou seja, a concentração de sódio total pode ser considerado como um indicador indireto da extensão do gelo marinho em Amundsen e Bellingshausen, e apóia a hipótese de que o Na presente no D98 origina-se principalmente do borrifo marinho desses mares. No período analisado, a relação entre a concentração total de sódio e a extensão do gelo marinho nos dois mares é representada pela equação: Concentração Na anual (ppb) = 1056,1 - 548,59 área coberta gelo marinho (106 km²). / This dissertation investigates the relationship between the sodium concentration in an ice core (D98) from James Ross Island (Antarctica) and the area covered by sea ice in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen Seas during the 1979–1991 period. The D98 total sodium content derives from samples analyzed by Joseph McConnell (McConnell et al., 2007). Sea ice coverage variations in the two seas come from data provided by algorithm of the NASA Team algorithm at the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), determined from the brightness temperature recorded by satellite sensors such as the Scanning Multi-Channel Microwave Radiometer and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager. Using ArcGIS 9.3 software, the monthly sea ice coverage area in those seas was calculated. Data from the Antarctic meteorological station Marambio (Argentinean) originates from the Project Reference Data for Environmental Research (READER). To determine the wind direction at altitude, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis of the wind vector mean composition at 850 and 700 mb levels were run, indicating the predominance of westerly winds in James Ross Island region. Pearson's regression between the D98 sodium concentration D98 and wind speed at Marambio is weak (r = –0.16). To test whether the D98 total sodium concentration could be considered a proxy for the sea ice extent in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas, this investigation calculated the correlation between the two series. A relatively high correlation coefficient (r = –0.60) and statiscally significant (p <0.001) indicates that the Na concentration in the D98 core is strongly associated to the extent of sea ice in those seas. Or in other words, the total sodium concentration can be considered a proxy of the sea ice extent in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas, and supports the hypothesis that Na present in the D98 originates mainly from sea spray of these seas. During the period analyzed, the relationship between the total concentration of sodium and the sea ice extent in the two seas is represented by the equation: Concentração Na anual (ppb) = 1056,1 - 548,59 área coberta gelo marinho (106 km²).

The High Ross controversy was a problem in the management of an International river. An international river presents a special problem because the actions of a nation upstream may cause problems for a nation downstream or vice versa. A river is also a finite resource where uses for one purpose may exclude uses for other purposes. The use of a river for hydroelectric power, for example, may destroy fisheries. In the case of an international river, conflicting demands on water use may present serious problems if the nations riparian to the river fail to coordinate their planning with respect to the river. In this study, it is normatively assumed that the best system for insuring that the interests of all concerned will be heard is a democracy. In a democracy it is a principle that the decision system should respond to the preferences of its citizens. To do this it must first be able to perceive these preferences. A public hearing is one vehicle for accepting information concerning the preferences of citizens. The goal of this study is to assess certain public hearings which were held in reference to the raising of Ross Dam on the Skagit River in Washington State. The issue of whether to raise the dam has created an international controversy lasting for years and involving the energies of hundreds of persons on both sides of the border. The hearings of interest in this study are certain hearings of 1970 through 1972 held by the International Joint Commission, the Washington Ecological Commission, and the Seattle City Council. The approach taken in this thesis began with isolating two normative criteria among many which any democratic system must have: openness and efficiency. Openness is the ability of a system to perceive the preferences of its citizens. This means that there should be no arbitrary restrictions upon what the decision-makers should see. Efficiency means that the process should be simple and not limited to a select group with the most time, money, and expertise to participate. Having established these criteria, the next step was to isolate the location in the hearings system where one might expect to find evidence of openness and efficiency. To do this, a theoretical paradigm of a communication system was constructed from political communications theory. This paradigm contained the basic components of a simple communication system. Thus, it was found that any communication system will have messages (input), sources for those messages (input sources), and receptors for perceiving those messages (intake elements). In rational systems there will also be a memory process which selects relevant input from among the mass of intake (screening element). These elements were analyzed in order to assess the hearings investigated. To assemble the data necessary for assessment, a multi-method approach was used. Over four hundred articles in newspapers and periodicals were surveyed. The transcripts of the hearings and resulting reports were closely analyzed. Finally, selected participants who- had key roles in the hearings were interviewed. The information from these sources was used in tandem to examine particular aspects of the hearings process which were suggested by the communication model as relevant. The conclusions derived from this study were that with certain exceptions the procedures used in the hearings studied facilitated openness. Also, while the cost of using the hearings was very high, the participants with few exceptions felt that the expense was justified because the issue was crucial to their interests. However, the weaknesses that did exist in openness and efficiency merit attention and should be remedied to strengthen the system. The result of this strengthening would be a more responsive and democratic process for managing international rivers. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

The oboe and English horn works of Ross Edwards are fascinating and challenging to oboists of all abilities. However, Edwards' works have received little recognition beyond Australia. These pieces can be used to expose students to non-European influences in music, especially that of Aboriginal Australians. These works deserve to be considered part of the standard repertoire of an oboist due to their musical and technical demands and their position in the repertoire of the 20th and 21st centuries. Modern Australian music history can be traced back to the time the English first colonized the continent. After that time, the country began its journey toward musical independence from England eventually leading to a uniquely Australian sound. Born in 1943, Ross Edwards is a contemporary Australian composer that has identified his music as Australian. He acknowledges several outside sources in his music, from Australian Aboriginal to the distilled sounds of nature from the Australian Outback. Edwards has created his own musical style, utilizing distilled musical fragments later named icons, and system he uses to compose his works. It is through an understanding of where Australia's musical heritage begins, and how it develops, that we may gain a greater knowledge of contemporary Australian composers like Ross Edwards. This study demonstrates the importance of Ross Edwards' music in the development of an Australian sound through historical context and the analysis of his oboe and English horn works.

The West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) is currently thinning and retreating because shifting oceanic currents are transporting warmer waters to the ice margin, which could lead to a collapse of the ice sheet and global sea level rise. International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 374 sailed to the Ross Sea in 2018 to study the history of the WAIS over the last 20 million years. Previous geologic drilling projects into Ross Sea sediments that record the history of the WAIS (DSDP Leg 28, RISP, MSSTS, Cape Roberts Drilling Project, ANDRILL), as well as modeling studies, show considerable variability of ice-sheet extent during the Neogene and Quaternary including ice sheet collapse during times of extreme warmth. The purpose of this study is to reconstruct paleoenvironments on the Ross Sea and confirm modeling studies that show warming waters in the Southern Ocean led to the loss of Antarctic ice in the past. Site U1523 is a key site as it is located close to the shelf break and therefore sensitive to warm water incursions from modified Circumpolar Deep Water (mCDW) onto the Ross Sea continental shelf as the Antarctic Slope Current weakens with a changing climate. Shelf sites U1522 and U1521 provide perspective for what was happening closer to the Ross Ice Shelf. Multiple incursions of subpolar or temperate planktic foraminifera taxa occurred during the latest Pliocene and early Pleistocene prior to ~1.8 Ma at Site U1523 indicating times of warmer than present conditions and less ice in the Ross Sea. Especially high abundances of foraminifera are recorded in the late Pleistocene associated with Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 31, MIS 11, and MIS 5e might also indicate reduced ice and relatively warmer conditions. The interval of abundant foraminifera around MIS 31 (MIS 37 to 21) suggests multiple warmer interglacials during the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT). A change in benthic foraminiferal assemblages and a large increase in foraminiferal fragments after the MPT (~800 ka) indicate stronger currents at the seafloor and perhaps corrosive waters, suggesting a major change in water masses entering (mCDW) or exiting the Ross Sea (AABW) since the MPT.

The effect of the feeding of blue-coloured wheat Skorpion on the carcass performance and antioxidant activity of broiler chickens was studied. Crafted feed mixture was used to fed male chicken hybrid Ross 308. Before the start of the experiment we have divided the broiler chickens to a weight-balanced groups. Each week was weighting individual animals. All of the data, and the changes was recorded. At the end of experiment we reviewed influence of colored wheat on the parameters of broiler chickens, especially the mass increases, feed conversion and slaughter yield. As a control sample of wheat was elected common variety with red grains - Vánek. Feeding with Skorpion wheat has not been proven, in the statistical processing, any influence on additions, feed conversion and even slaughter yield. On the contrary, the assessment showed the improvement of antioxidant capacity of wheat variety Skorpion.

This thesis investigates the utilization of hydrodynamic models as tools for assessing factors impacting water quality in the Ross Barnett Reservoir. The primary focus is development of a hydrodynamic model that provides transport information to subsequent application of a water quality model. Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) is a complex, dynamic, multi-dimensional computer model used to simulate hydrology in water bodies. The secondary focus is on data acquisition and manipulation methods for completing the hydrodynamic modeling. Monitoring was completed to create modern bathymetry of Ross Barnett Reservoir to provide accurate model cell grid representation. Temperature and dissolved oxygen profile monitoring occurred to provide data for model output comparison. The EFDC model successfully predicted lake stratification and subsequent mixing based on changes in observed meteorological conditions.

Utgångspunkten för detta examensarbete var att utveckla en kompositionsmetod med utgångspunkt i en tavla för att skapa en ”simulerad synestesi”. För att skapa kompositionsmetoden har tonsättare med synestesi intervjuats samt har en undersökning om hur en grupp människor tittar på en tavla utförts. Ursprungligen så fanns det bara en vilja hos mig att komponera ett stycke baserat på en tavla tillsammans med en nyfikenhet kring fenomenet synestesi. Under examensarbetets gång har kompositionsmetoden samt undersökningen utformats. Detta resulterade i ett två komponerade stycken och båda styckena utgick ifrån varsin synestesi.

Zoltán Kodály’s String Quartet No. 1 in C Minor is one of his earliest compositions. Kodály composed this as a tonal work, emulating the style used by nineteenth century composers. Kodály creates highly polyphonic textures and a complex harmonic language within the C minor tonality. Although this piece is considered tonal, Kodály deviates from the prototypical norms of tonal composition. As in most tonal music, harmonic progressions tend to support the overall tonal syntax. This includes chords, chord progressions, and key areas. The goal of this thesis is to categorize harmonic progressions in the first movement of Kodály’s String Quartet. In order for harmonic progressions to take place at the level of the chord, harmonic function must be present. I will break down the function of each chord by using Daniel Harrison’s scale degree theory from his book Harmonic Function in Chromatic Music. Some harmonic progressions follow a prototypical model that was utilized in common practice music. There are also chords in harmonic progressions that have an altered function—yet are still considered harmonic—which I will call “quasi-harmonic.” Lastly, some progressions are purely linear, and therefore the function is discerned on the macro level.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlfRoss.pdf: 640070 bytes, checksum: b4d0a1e6b27384d9c29ec8c072c5487a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper analyzes Alf Ross´s thought (1899 1979), based in some of his works, specially the articles published in the book celebrating the centenary of his birthday, as well as the influence he suffered from Hägerström, Lundstedt and Olivecrona, also trying to study his work in the historical period which he had lived. The main idea of this paper is to study the law concept in Alf Ross´s thought. In some cases, it will be the way law is expressed and studied in Alf Ross´s works and how this subject is analyzed in his books and articles, trying to see if there were changes in the way he treated this subject in time and which were the influences he suffered this period (doctrinarian, historical or personal). In the first chapter we analyze the historical period he has lived and the changes that happened in his personal and professional life, to understand the way his thought was influenced by these facts. In the second chapter, we turn back to the sources of Alf Ross´s thought, studying the three Swedish jurists that preceded him in the Scandinavian Realism theory. In the third chapter, we make a bibliographic revision of Ross´s works, emphasizing his works in Danish. The objective of this research is to deep our knowledge of Alf Ross´s works, presented in his books and articles, some of them unpublished in Brazil. This paper tries to recover the essence of Alf Ross´s thought, analyzing thoroughly his works, as well as the doctrinarian and personal influences, to make possible to draw the largest prospect of his works. / O presente trabalho em filosofia do direito busca analisar o pensamento de Alf Ross (1899 1979), baseando-se na análise de algumas de suas obras, em especial os artigos compilados no livro em comemoração aos 100 anos de nascimento do autor, bem como a influência exercida por Hägerström, Lundstedt e Olivecrona em seu pensamento e buscando também enquadrar sua obra no contexto histórico em que viveu. A idéia principal do trabalho é o estudo do próprio conceito de Direito, em alguns casos, da maneira como o Direito se manifesta e é estudado na obra de Alf Ross e como esse assunto é tratado nos diferentes livros e artigos lidos, analisando eventuais mudanças de posicionamento ou tratamento do tema no decorrer do tempo e quais as influências sofridas nestes períodos (doutrinárias, históricas ou pessoais). No primeiro capítulo, analisa-se o período histórico em que Alf Ross viveu e as mudanças ocorridas na sua vida pessoal e profissional, para que se compreenda até que ponto seu pensamento foi influenciado por estes fatos. No segundo capítulo, volta-se às origens do pensamento de Alf Ross, com o estudo dos três juristas suecos que o precederam na corrente do Realismo Escandinavo, Axel Hägerström, Vilheim Lundstedt e Karl Olivecrona. Já no terceiro capítulo, faz-se um revisão bibliográfica das obras de Ross, com ênfase em suas obras originais em dinamarquês. O objetivo desta pesquisa é realizar um estudo aprofundado dos trabalhos de Alf Ross, representados por seus livros e artigos, alguns inéditos no Brasil. A dissertação busca resgatar a essência do pensamento de Alf Ross, com a análise exaustiva de suas obras, além do estudo de suas influências doutrinárias e pessoais, para que seja possível traçar um panorama o mais amplo possível de seus trabalhos.