Überarb. Diss. Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 2007. / Originaltitel: Patterns of migration and adaptation in the urban transition: newcomers to Antwerp, c. 1760-1860.

In developing countries like Ethiopia rural-urban migration affects development in both urban and rural areas. As such, this study aims at establishing the major causes and consequences of the movement of people from rural to urban areas. To achieve the objective 500 migrant household heads were selected randomly from three kebeles of the town. Both primary and secondary data were employed and were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The study revealed that migrants came to Woldiya in search of employment and to utilize urban services and education. Hence, the out flow of economically active people from the rural agricultural sector has a negative effect on production in the areas of origin and the receiving area now experiences problems such as a shortage of housing, unemployment, increasing cost of living, lack of access to social services, Therefore, to mitigate the problem of rural-urban migration is launching of integrated rural development policy / Geography / M.A. (Geography)

This thesis explores why shaʿbī (roughly, ‘ordinary’) Moroccans so often talk about their domestic workers as daughters, what this means for workers and employers, and how this is changing as community gives way to market. It brings together ethnographic study of urban shaʿbī society, of unmarried rural women who work as domestics, and of the communities from which the latter migrate. Drawing on anthropological discussions of kinship and fosterage, the thesis examines the fading tradition of ‘bringing up’ in which, according to a moral economy, a ‘known’ rural girl could properly be placed in the homes of wealthier Moroccans until marriage. This is giving way to new arrangements in which ‘unknown’ workers are paid a wage and may not stay long, but in which the ethics of charity, religious reward and gratitude still inform expectations from both sides. Geared to play out among neighbours, or at least well-known clients, over a lifetime, these ethics are being disrupted by the easy-come-easy-go of strangers. The thesis contributes to some fundamental concerns of economic anthropology: the atomisation of market exchange, the growing importance of physical marketplaces, and the meanings encoded in a monetary wage versus payment in kind. By putting together perspectives from domestics’ leisure time and life back home, it also questions the relationship between the commodification of labour and individualism. Finally, the thesis discusses a draft law which, if enforced, would mean employing domestics no longer made sense for shaʿbī Moroccans, state intervention respresenting a move away from local forms of empowerment and community. At a broader level, the thesis is concerned with households as internally hierarchical units linked together through exchange to make up society and explores the gendered dimension of household economy in a wider world. This, of course, reaches beyond Morocco, and parallels are suggested with English domestic service.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / The thesis attempts to illuminate the process through which identitities, apparently strongly "ethnic", are constructed by migrant women, and to examine how these differ from the equivalent identities constructed by men. The focus is upon northern Transvaal migrancy, and special emphasis is given to the central role played by musical performance - particularly that of the style called kiba - in constituting migrant associations. Men and women form separate dance associations: the thesis is concerned particularly with migrant women, and sets the dance groups in the broader setting of female migrancy in southern Africa. This is a phenomenon which has been neglected in the literature. The thesis criticises the adaptive emphasis of earlier Writings on migrant association, and the lack of "local knowledge" in Marxist accounts, Performers of the genre emphasise that the music is "traditional",and their lyrics legitimate the present experiences of contemporary composers by juxtaposing them with the past experiences of older ones. They view the roles they play in relation to their family members both living dependents and deceased forebears - in terms of stereotypes laid down by Sotho custom. But these independent migrant female performers of the genre, in contrast to their rurally-domiciled and. dependent counterparts, are women whose disrupted and geographically mobile upbringing has led them to seek out modernity and progress rather than an adherence to the ways of "traditionalists". They are primary breadwinners for their natal families. Custom and tradition provide an idiom in terms of which, while retaining affiliations to men's kiba sufficient to ensure their continued access to a performance space and an audience, they enunciate an identity as relatively autonomous and emancipated migrants in an urban context. / Andrew Chakane 2018

Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-01-24T23:04:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CONFLITOS DE FRONTEIRA_.pdf: 12382160 bytes, checksum: 8f2f42192f378b9e6cb8b77d2e09d174 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T23:04:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CONFLITOS DE FRONTEIRA_.pdf: 12382160 bytes, checksum: 8f2f42192f378b9e6cb8b77d2e09d174 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-27 / The present dissertation entitled Border Conflicts: Space Production in Feira de Santana ? from the Rural to the Urban in Mantiba aims at analyzing the relationship field-city in Feira de Santana, explaining the transformation of the rural area into an urban one by means of the Complementary Law No. 075 of 2013, taking as a reference Mantiba. So, the specific objects of this work are to analyze the implications that are due to the transformation of a rural area into an urban one, thinking about the specificities of Mantiba dwellers everyday and to identify the urban area expansion of Feira de Santana between 1938-2016, analyzing the relationship field-city. In the same work, we adopt the regressive-progressive method developed by Lefebvre (1978), which is composed of three points. The adoption of this method occurs to take account of its constant departure from the current time toward the past, not only to explain it, but, overall, to enlighten the current processes pointing to the future. It is concluded that the real estate capital, in various nuances, was the key reason for the Complementary Law No. 075 of 2013, created by the municipal executive power, without any discussion, debate or public audiences preceding the complementary law project remittance to Feira de Santana Town Hall. / O presente texto dissertativo intitulado Conflitos de Fronteira: Produ??o do Espa?o em Feira de Santana ? do Rural ao Urbano na Mantiba tem como objetivo analisar a rela??o campo-cidade em Feira de Santana, explicando a transforma??o do espa?o rural em urbano por meio da Lei Complementar n? 075/2013, tendo como refer?ncia a Mantiba. N?o distante, s?o objetivos espec?ficos desta pesquisa analisar as implica??es decorrentes da transforma??o de um espa?o rural em urbano, refletindo sobre as especificidades do cotidiano dos moradores da Mantiba e identificar a expans?o urbana do munic?pio de Feira de Santana entre 1938-2016, analisando a rela??o campo-cidade. ? adotado no trabalho o m?todo regressivo-progressivo desenvolvido por Lefebvre (1978) que ? composto por tr?s momentos. A ado??o deste m?todo ocorre em fun??o dele sempre partir do atual presente em dire??o ao passado, n?o apenas para explica-lo, mas, sobretudo, para esclarecer os processos em curso no presente, que apontam para o futuro. Conclui-se que o capital imobili?rio, nas mais variadas nuances, foi a raz?o determinante para a cria??o da Lei Complementar n? 075/2013 pelo poder executivo municipal, n?o havendo nenhum tipo de discuss?o, debate ou audi?ncia p?blica anterior ao envio do projeto de lei complementar ? C?mara Municipal de Feira de Santana.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T18:15:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elementos Pre-textuais.pdf: 189044 bytes, checksum: 745bc88512e6d6aaf54c2d072bbb5a6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-04 / This dissertation was prepared starting from the assumption that the historical and cultural heritage built as architectural representation, consists of meanings and symbols that express the identity and historical experiences of a people, while contributing to the maintenance of the social memory. With this parameter - considering the spatial area, the urban village of the district rural municipal Guaragi, Ponta Grossa/PR (with its particularities, peculiarities and context) - the research is considered relevant to verify and analyze which one(s) to representative(s) is(are) designated to shareholders as a means of demonstrating their importance in the collective social site. Thus, for this study of the representation related to heritage was investigated, it was decided by the State School Field Dr. Munhoz da Rocha, being the equity presented analysis conditions, whereas the other local heritage, the railway station, was being rebuilt. Thus, to achieve the central objective of this research was necessary theoretical subjects about the issues involving the proposed discussion and use qualitative methodology, which helped to know that, through the acquisition of graphic representations (drawings) and the questionnaires, the significant elements that are part of the experience of local residents. From this, we sought to identify and analyze the factors affecting the reality experienced by local residents, i.e., the geographical context in relation exists in rural and urban spatial area (the village) and the historical-economical and socio-cultural factors that led the current reality. Then research turned understanding of cultural heritage, its historical construction and legislation established national forums, regional and local level as a way to support the understanding, and then analyze the data acquired from the field research, to be presented at the time that the research examines how the residents were related to the existing cultural heritage, which ones have the notion, which ones tied meanings and importance, starting with the abstract framework coming to a close and with the object that collaborated with the research, the school in question. The survey results showed that for the local population cultural heritage is linked to economic factors, through tourism, politics, the possibility of investment of rulers, historical, through the consecration of local history and memory, which ones confirms the story and makes links of symbolic significance to the local society with cultural heritage. Also found through the search result that other buildings have heritage conditions. That the rural/urban village existing in the same district gives a particular and new possibility of discussion concerning areas such as rural districts. / A presente dissertação foi elaborada partindo-se do pressuposto que o patrimônio histórico e cultural edificado, enquanto representação arquitetônica, é constituído por significados e simbologias que expressam a identidade histórica e as vivências de um povo, ao mesmo tempo em que contribui para a manutenção da memória social. Com este parâmetro — considerando o recorte espacial, a vila urbana do distrito rural municipal de Guaragi, Ponta Grossa/PR (com suas especificidades, peculiaridades e contextos) — a pesquisa considerou relevante verificar e analisar qual(is) a(s) representatividade(s) esta(ão) designada(s) ao patrimônio como forma de ratificar sua importância no coletivo social local. Desta forma, para que o estudo sobre a representatividade relacionada ao patrimônio fosse investigado, optou-se pelo Colégio Estadual do Campo Dr. Munhoz da Rocha, por ser o patrimônio que apresentou condições de análise, visto que o outro patrimônio local, a estação ferroviária, estava sendo reconstruída. Com isso, para alcançar o objetivo central foi necessário realizar a revisão teórica acerca dos temas que envolvem a discussão proposta e recorrer a metodologia qualitativa que proporcionou conhecer, mediante a aquisição de representações gráficas (desenhos) e da aplicação dos questionários, os elementos significativos que fazem parte da vivência dos moradores locais. A partir disto, buscou-se conhecer e analisar os elementos condicionantes da realidade vivenciada pelos moradores locais, ou seja, o contexto geográfico na relação rural e urbana existente no recorte espacial (a vila) e os fatores histórico-econômicos e socioculturais que a conduziram a realidade atual. Em seguida a pesquisa se voltou a compreensão do patrimônio cultural, sua construção histórica e legislação constituída nas instâncias nacional, regional e local como forma de subsidiar a compreensão, para então analisar os dados adquiridos a partir da pesquisa de campo, que será apresentado no momento em que a pesquisa analisa como os moradores se relacionavam com os patrimônio culturais existentes, qual noção possuem, quais significados e importância vinculavam, iniciando pelo âmbito abstrato e findando com o objeto que colaborou com a pesquisa, o colégio em questão. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que para os moradores locais o patrimônio cultural está vinculado a fatores econômicos, através do turismo, político, pela possibilidade de investimentos dos governantes, histórico, através da consagração da história local e pela memória, que ratifica a história e faz os elos de significação simbólica da sociedade local para com o patrimônio cultural. Também constatou através do resultado da pesquisa que outras edificações possuem condições de serem patrimoniadas. Que a relação rural/urbana existente na vila distrital dá a mesma uma particularidade e nova possibilidade de discussão referente a espaços como o dos distritos rurais.

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 331-404) Attempts to contribute toward greater understanding of the urbanization process in Bangladesh. Focuses particularly on the rural-urban migration process, explaining the causes of mobility and stability and the consequences flowing from that movement for the wellbeing of migrants and their families.

<p>This thesis is based on two independent studies, the first in Stockholm County (index year 1984; n=302), and the second, a replication and validation study, in Uppsala County (index year 1991; n=455).</p><p>The general aim was to study all individuals with Long-term Functional Psychosis (LFP) within the two counties of Sweden from an epidemiological perspective and to perform specific studies on a subgroup of individuals with schizophrenia. In the Stockholm study, the total one-year LFP prevalence was 5.3/1 000; in the the rural, suburban and urban areas it was 3.4, 5.6 and 6.6/1 000, respectively. The total one-year prevalence of LFP in Uppsala was 7.3/1 000; in the rural, peripheral city and central city areas it was 6.0, 7.0, and 8.7/1 000, respectively.</p><p>Within the non-schizophrenic subpopulation, a pronounced difference was demonstrated between the two studies with substantially higher prevalence rates in the Uppsala study. The schizophrenic subgroup in Uppsala was re-diagnosed using parallel diagnostic systems (DSM-III, DSM-III-R, DSM-IV and ICD-10), and reasonably comparable prevalence estimates were obtained.</p><p>In both studies antipsychotic drugs were most frequently prescribed for the patients with schizophrenia, and the doses were considered as low to moderate. In the Uppsala study the doses of antipsychotic drugs decreased with a longer duration of illness, while the opposite was found in the Stockholm study.</p><p>The increased mortality rate among patients with schizophrenia was mainly due to unnatural causes of death and cardiovascular diseases, particularly among males.</p><p>The main methodological differences between the two studies were in the sampling procedures. In the Uppsala study, a larger number of care facilities were screened, and a broader set of diagnostic criteria were used for identifying cases from different registers.</p>

This thesis is based on two independent studies, the first in Stockholm County (index year 1984; n=302), and the second, a replication and validation study, in Uppsala County (index year 1991; n=455). The general aim was to study all individuals with Long-term Functional Psychosis (LFP) within the two counties of Sweden from an epidemiological perspective and to perform specific studies on a subgroup of individuals with schizophrenia. In the Stockholm study, the total one-year LFP prevalence was 5.3/1 000; in the the rural, suburban and urban areas it was 3.4, 5.6 and 6.6/1 000, respectively. The total one-year prevalence of LFP in Uppsala was 7.3/1 000; in the rural, peripheral city and central city areas it was 6.0, 7.0, and 8.7/1 000, respectively. Within the non-schizophrenic subpopulation, a pronounced difference was demonstrated between the two studies with substantially higher prevalence rates in the Uppsala study. The schizophrenic subgroup in Uppsala was re-diagnosed using parallel diagnostic systems (DSM-III, DSM-III-R, DSM-IV and ICD-10), and reasonably comparable prevalence estimates were obtained. In both studies antipsychotic drugs were most frequently prescribed for the patients with schizophrenia, and the doses were considered as low to moderate. In the Uppsala study the doses of antipsychotic drugs decreased with a longer duration of illness, while the opposite was found in the Stockholm study. The increased mortality rate among patients with schizophrenia was mainly due to unnatural causes of death and cardiovascular diseases, particularly among males. The main methodological differences between the two studies were in the sampling procedures. In the Uppsala study, a larger number of care facilities were screened, and a broader set of diagnostic criteria were used for identifying cases from different registers.

The new changes such as developments in transportation and communication technology, globalization of markets, intensification of flow of information, ideas and innovations since the 1980s have helped to increase the interaction between urban and rural and this process have had very important impact on the resemblance process of rural areas to urban areas with some characteristics, vice versa. Therefore the process have had an effect on the blurring strict distinction between urban and rural in worldwide. The new rurality approach has been main approach in the thesis that has tried to explain the new features of rural areas. It has focused on what has been happenning in rural areas and drawn attention to changes in rural areas which was previously ignored or overemphasized. The approach took five main changing features of rural areas as central focus which were non-farm activities, role of women, entrepreneurship, in-migration, division of labour and also urban-rural interaction. Therefore, the observed changes caused to draw attention to the question of is rural still the opposite of urban? In this respect, the effects of the increased relationships between urban and rural on rural areas in terms of getting new characteristics that new rurality approach explained were investigated by handling two case studies / Gedelek and Kus&ccedil / uali Villages in Turkey.