There is growing interest in malting and brewing with rye. However, previous research has shown a propensity for the development of deoxynivalenol (DON) in rye malts, even when levels on the grain is low. The main objective of this study was to assess the growth of F. graminearum and development of trichothecenes during malting of rye. Infected samples were obtained from 2016 variety trails in Minnesota. While DON levels were generally below 0.2 mg/kg, an average increase of 41 % was seen after malting. The most significant increases in DON were at three days of germination. Fusarium Tri5 DNA levels were observed to increase at two days. When single kernels were tested, most were free from DON. Levels in the bulk grain sample were due to a small number of highly contaminated kernels. In the malted samples, a greater portion of kernels contained DON, and overall levels were much higher.

In the Midwest, it can be beneficial to interseed cover crops into corn (Zea mays L.) since there is a limited time for them to establish and grow after corn harvest. Research conducted in four environments in North Dakota quantified the impacts of planting method and time of planting when grown with or without corn competition on the establishment, and development of three cover crop species. Limited light intensity (less than 20%) under the corn canopy drastically reduced cover crop development. Soil water can also constrain cover crop establishment. Model simulations suggest soil water is more limiting for cover crop establishment in August compared with June or July. Interseeded cover crops had no effect on corn yield or the following soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.] crop due to minimal amounts of biomass produced.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第17963号 / 農博第2031号 / 新制||農||1018(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H25||N4807(農学部図書室) / 30793 / 京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 遠藤 隆, 准教授 河原 太八, 教授 奥本 裕 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

No description available.

The main part of the thesis is evaluation of yield and qualitative parameters of hybrid winter rye. A small plot experiment was made at the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice (380 m). The trial took place in two years: 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. The effect of sowing (early and late), seed quantity (standard - 2 MKS / ha and reduced - 1 MKS / ha), variety and year were evaluated in three varieties of hybrid rye (Cossani, Performer, Santini). To achieve the most accurate results, all 12 variants were sown in 4 replicates. From the qualitative parameters were determined: Falling number, volume weight, content of N substances. Concerning the yield, use of a standard seed rate (2 MKS / ha) was more stable, with an average yield increase of 0.64 t / ha. The most profitable was the Performer variety, which stood out with a consistently high falling number.

Title from handwritten title supplied by author, on folder cover sheet. Includes bibliographical references A classification of South Australian wheat varieties. Reprinted from: Bulletin / Dept. of Agriculture of South Australia. no. 266 (1932), pp. 1-19 -- Cytology of wheat x rye hybrids of the 5th and 6th generation. Reprinted from: The Australian journal of experimental biology and medical science, vol. xi (1933), pp. [123]-137 -- Cytology of rye (work carried out under the Ernest Ayers Research Scholarship in Botany at the University of Adelaide, 1931). Original typescript. 15 leaves + 4 leaves of plates

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This master's thesis examines the three German translations of J. D. Salinger's novel <em>The Catcher in the Rye</em> (1951): <em>Der Mann im Roggen</em>, published in 1954 by Diana Verlag and translated by Irene Muehlon; <em>Der F??nger im Roggen</em>, published in 1962 and translated by Annemarie and Heinrich B??ll, and <em>Der F??nger im Roggen</em>, published in 2003 and translated by Eike Sch??nfeld (both published by Kiepenheuer & Witsch). In recourse to polysystem theory, it is shown how translational differences can be explained through the translations' cultural and literary contexts. <br /><br /> First, polysystem theory's most important terms are explained in regard to the research objectives. In doing so, the existing research on German translations of Salinger is summarized. Second, with the help of an analysis by Irene Hinrichsen, the latest translation is compared to its predecessors in regard to language and stylistics. This analysis demonstrates that, unlike the earlier translations, Sch??nfeld's version retains nearly all of the American original's stylistic particularities and extreme content. <br /><br /> Then, building on the result of the linguistic-stylistic analysis, the societal and literary contexts of the three translations are summarized in order to find possible explanations for the translational differences. It becomes clear that the alleviative tendencies of the two earlier translations are very much in tune with the cautious approach to morality of the West Germany of the 1950s. In contrast, the latest translation was produced in a liberal, youthful environment that reflects a more tolerant German society. Therefore, it makes sense to trace the differences between the three translations back to their differing contexts.

Bibliography: leaves [129]-146

Copper deficiency causes significant annual losses in grain yield due to poor grain set. Cereals such as wheat and barley are particularly susceptible to low copper soils whereas,crops such as rye and triticale are better able to grow and yield under such conditions of nutrient stress. The ability of rye and triticale, which carries a complete set of rye chromosomes, to tolerate low copper conditions has been attributed to a gene on rye chromosome 5R. Wheat-rye translocation lines have previously been produced carrying segments of the long arm of chromosome 5 of rye (5RL). Although these lines have expressed copper efficiency in University of Adelaide trials, until now they have been considered agronomically inferior and so have not been used as commercial cultivars. The physical size of rye segment of the 4BS.4BL-5RL translocation in a Chinese Spring background derived from the Cornell Wheat Selection 82a1-2-4-7 was measured using GISH (genomic in situ hybridization) and found to be 16% of the long arm. The size of this translocation was similar to GISH measurements of another 4BS.4BL-5RL translocation in Viking wheat background, although both these lines arose spontaneously and at different times. Molecular maps of both 4BS.4BL-5RL translocations in the two different wheat backgrounds were developed and used to screen for rare recombinants between wheat and rye in a background homozygous for the Sears' ph1b mutant. The maps revealed the approximate genetic location of the translocation breakpoint involved in these two 4BS.4BL-5RL translocations to be similar even though they are known to have arisen at different times and in different experimental populations. The similarity of these translocations suggests a unique property of the region at or near the translocation breakpoint that could be responsible for their similarity and spontaneous formation. After screening 703 critical seedlings for evidence of recombination between the 5RL segment and wheat homoeologues, no confirmed recombinants were identified. Lines containing the 4BS.4BL-5RL translocation were shown to yield equally as well as their recurrent parent under normal field conditions. In addition the presence of the 4BS.4BL-5RL had no adverse effects on a range of grain quality characteristics measured in these lines. A pot trial using lines derived from a cross between the CSHN translocation and the wheat cultivar Warigal (five backcrosses) revealed that they provided copper-efficiency even under the severest of deficiency conditions. While the results of this pot trial did not show the outstanding copper efficiency previously observed in these lines, the translocation did consistently out yield the recurrent parent under severe copper deficiency conditions. Finally, a reliable PCR marker was developed for the rapid identification of lines containing the distal portion of the 5RL chromosome. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Agriculture and Wine, 2004.