<p>Arbetet handlar om utveckling av ett e-learningsystem och hur man kan säkra koden förframtiden. Dessutom handlar det om att undersöka en möjlig implementation av standardenSCORM samt att ta fram en ny databasmodell.Efter förundersökning togs beslutet att genomföra projektet som ett API i grunden medtestdriven utveckling och tillhörande dokumentation. De tekniker som användes var; HTML,CSS, XML, PHP, MySQL, Javascript, och Codeigniter.Resultatet blev som förväntat förutom att det inte gick att återanvända koden i den utsträckningsom först uppskattades utan istället återanvändes idéer och problemlösning.</p> / <p>This thesis is about an e-learning system and how to secure the code for future development. Inaddition, it is about a conceivable implemention of the SCORM standard and to develop a newdatabase model.After preliminary investigation it was decided to proceed with the project as an API and to usetest-driven development and also to write documentation. The techniques used were: HTML,CSS, XML, PHP, MySQL, Javascript, Codeigniter.The result was as expected except that it was not possible to reuse the code in the extent whichwas first estimated, but instead re-use ideas and how to solve problems.</p>

As tecnologias de informação e comunicação possuem grande potencial para aplicação em ambientes educacionais. O uso destas tecnologias pode viabilizar a transformação de uma disciplina presencial numa disciplina à distância, ou simplesmente utilizá-las como apoio às aulas presenciais. Os objetos de aprendizagem são definidos como sendo qualquer entidade, digital ou não, que pode ser usada, reusada ou referenciada durante o ensino auxiliado por tecnologia. Os objetos de aprendizagem são, geralmente, animações e/ou simulações interativas que representam um determinado fenômeno, reação ou acontecimento de algo do mundo real. Módulos de uma disciplina, uma disciplina completa ou um curso, também podem ser considerados como sendo objetos de aprendizagem. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver objetos de aprendizagem para disciplina específica de geoprocessamento utilizando as tecnologias de informação e comunicação, sob as recomendações de padronizações para objetos de aprendizagem e, posteriormente avaliar os resultados obtidos nesta disciplina. Para avaliar a proposta aqui abordada foi selecionada a disciplina Geoprocessamento, oferecida no Departamento de Engenharia de Transportes da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, que é ministrada no curso de Engenharia Civil. / The information and communication technologies hold expressive potential for educational environments. The usage of these technologies can make viable the transformation of a presence course to a distance course or simply utilizes these like support to presence courses. The learning objects are defined alike any entity, digital or not digital, that can be used, reused or referred during the technology enhanced teaching process. Generally, the learning objects are interactive animations or simulations that represent a determinate phenomenon, reaction or something that happens in the real world. Parts of discipline, a complete discipline or a course, can be considerated like learning objects too. The intent is to develop learning objects to the specific course of the geoprocessing using the information and communication technologies under the norms and guidelines for learning objects and afterwards, evaluate the results obtained on that course. To evaluate the project, has been selected the discipline PTR2555 - Geoprocessamento, offered at the Engineering Transportation Department of Escola Politécnica of Universidade de São Paulo. This discipline is given at the course Civil Engineering.

A novel integrated modeling methodology for NEMS is presented. Nano scale device models include typical effects found, at this scale, in various domains. The methodology facilitates the insertion of quantum corrections to nanoscale device models when they are simulated within multi-domain environments, as is performed in the MEMS industry. This methodology includes domain-oriented approximations from ab-initio modeling. In addition, the methodology includes the selection of quantum mechanical compact models that can be integrated with basic electronic circuits or non-electronic lumped element models. Nanoelectronic device modeling integration in mixed signal systems is reported. The modeling results are compatible with standard hardware description language entities and building blocks. This methodology is based on the IEEE VHDL-AMS, which is an industry standard modeling and simulation hardware description language. The methodology must be object oriented in order to be shared with current and future nanotechnology modeling resources, which are available worldwide. In order to integrate them inside a Learning Management System (LMS), models were formulated and adapted for educational purposes. The electronic nanodevice models were translated to a standardized format for learning objects by following the Shareable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM). The SCORM format not only allows models reusability inside the framework of the LMS, but their applicability to various educational levels as well. The model of a molecular transistor was properly defined, integrated and translated using SCORM rules and reused for educational purposes at various levels. A very popular LMS platform was used to support these tasks. The LMS platform compatibility skills were applied to test the applicability and reusability of the generated learning objects. Model usability was successfully tested and measured within an undergraduate nanotechnology course in an electrical engineering program. The model was reused at the graduate level and adapted afterwards to a nanotechnology education program for school teachers. Following known Learning Management Systems, the developed methodology was successfully formulated and adapted for education.

The e-Learning issues have been discussed and investigated recent years. People can learn on the Internet and feel more comfortable. But in the e-Learning environment, we discovered the learners might have some troubles in learning. They may encounter disorientation, cognitive overloading and learner control. Using some teaching methods or strategies from teachers can reduce these problems. So the Learning Management System (LMS) must have some mechanisms to accomplish these purposes. This thesis is trying to design a learning path control mechanisms that can help teachers to achieve their teaching goals and help learner to build their learning paths. The learning path control mechanisms are designed with Pre_Condition and Post_Condition. By using these mechanisms, teachers can control the learner¡¦s studying progress and guide learners to the suitable ways. And solving the issues of designing the learning path control mechanisms and user navigation. These mechanisms proposed conform to the e-Learning specification: The Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) and used the Learning Object and the Run-Time Environment. Finally, this thesis developed a system not only provide the mechanisms but also help teachers to achieve their teaching goals and learners to establish their learning path.

Flexible internetbasierte Ausbildungskonzepte werden sowohl für Hochschulen als auch für die berufliche Aus- und Weiterbildung in Unternehmen zunehmend nachgefragt. Im Gegensatz zum traditionellen Unterricht ist jedoch mit einem bis zu zehnfachen Zeitaufwand für die Entwicklung von elektronischen Lernmaterialien für Electronic Learning (E-Learning) zu rechnen. Aufgrund der kostenintensiven aufwendigen Entwicklung von multimedialen Lerninhalten zählt die Wiederverwendung zu den wichtigsten Forderungen aus Sicht der Wirtschaftsinformatik (vgl. Pawlowski &amp;amp; Adelsberger, 2001). Ziel ist die Entwicklung von Lerninhalten, die unabhängig von der Systemumgebung, dem Autorensystem und dem Kontext einsetzbar und flexibel austauschbar sind. Eine aufwandsarme Aufbereitung für verschiedene Zwecke soll ermöglicht werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der mehrfachen Verwendung von elektronischen Lerninhalten für das selbstgesteuerte individuelle Lernen aus Sicht der Wirtschaftsinformatik. Zielgruppe sind informationstechnisch und pädagogisch interessierte Leser, denen das Thema der Gestaltung von Lerninhalten als interdisziplinäre Fragestellung vorgestellt wird. Unter Einbezug von pädagogischen Erkenntnissen wird analysiert, wodurch Lerninhalte gekennzeichnet sind und wie diese informationstechnisch gestaltet werden können, um eine pädagogisch angemessene Wiederverwendung zu ermöglichen. Anhand dieser Vorgehensweise wird deutlich, dass sich der Aspekt der Wiederverwendung von Lerninhalten nur im Spannungsfeld von Informationstechnik (IT) und Pädagogik diskutieren lässt. Die detaillierte Auseinandersetzung mit pädagogischen Konzepten führt im Rahmen der Arbeit zu einem wesentlichen Erkenntnisfortschritt und einer Sensibilisierung für das Thema der Wiederverwendung. Als Ergebnis liegt ein Konzept für die Entwicklung wiederverwendbarer Lerninhalte in Form eines E-Learning-Redaktionsleitstandes vor. Dieser dient der systemunterstützten Planung, Steuerung und Qualitätskontrolle bei der Entwicklung von wiederverwendbaren Lerninhalten. Darüber hinaus erfolgt die Einordnung der Lösung sowie bestehender Ansätze in einem Reifegradmodell für die Bewertung wiederverwendbarer Lerninhalte.

近年來網路學習隨著網路的發展，逐漸受到重視。網路是一個開放式環境，擁有豐富的學習資源，並且突破學習時的空間限制、時間限制，讓使用者擁有較高的學習自主性。由於在網路學習環境中，學習者必須負擔選擇和學習的責任，容易有學習迷失的問題。因此，蘇俊銘等提出一個動態產生適性化教材順序的Instructional Activity Model(IAM)。更依據所提出的IAM，設計一個符合美國國防部所提出之SCORM標準的系統。 根據奧蘇伯爾在認知同化學習論中所提到，能力之間是會互相影響的。然而IAM並未考量能力與能力之間的相互影響關係。因此本研究將將結合奧蘇伯爾同化論，提出一個考慮能力與能力之間相互關係的適性化教學模型，提供學習路徑導引。期望藉由此模型，能夠提供E-learning環境設計者，設計更符合學習者能力狀況的適性化學習課程。 / E-Learning issues have been discussed and investigated recent years. Internet environment provides multiple choices of learning time and learning materials. Much research has been done on E-Learning. The standards of E-Learning platform have been developed to make the learning content sharable and reusable. Some research has been devoted to the design of adaptive Learning system for need of different users. The Instructional Activity Model (IAM) is a general-purpose model to generate an adaptive learning course, which is compatible with the SCORM standard. IAM is composed of related Activity Tree (AT tree) nodes and capability nodes. Prerequisites are capabilities supposed to posses before learning an AT tree while contributions are capabilities after learning an AT tree. IAM model supports the adaptive learning sequencing by considering the relationships between AT trees and capability nodes. However, the IAM model does not take the influence between capabilities into consideration, especially for the assimilation of capabilities. In this paper, we propose the mechanism to integrate the concept of assimilation theory to the IAM model. In our proposed mechanism, the relationships between capabilities are considered based on the similarity measure between capabilities. The selection process of IAM is also modified to reflect the relationships of capabilities. Simulation result shows that the proposed mechanism is helpful for the learning sequencing.

In this thesis, I present a framework for bridging the concepts of Social Networks and eLearning Learning Management Systems (LMSs) by finding elements and entities common to both systems, and eliminating these common elements to form an LMS Gadget which can hypothetically be used to extend any Social Network with an API that exposes User and User-Group information so that it also has the functionality of an LMS. I will also include a history of these systems, and a concrete example of such a unification. Finally, I will explore the application of the LMS Gadget to any Web Portal System that exposes User and Group management through an Application Programming Interface (API). This is an application that I conceived of, designed, and did the large majority of the programming for (with assistance on some data access routines to help meet an April 2008 conference deadline). Graphic design was provided by Amos Rowsell of Udutu Learning Systems (a private company for which I have held the role of Lead Developer since November 2005).

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação. / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T11:47:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 227408.pdf: 6587627 bytes, checksum: e4b7c0be0711583b45449b8bf9785703 (MD5) / Esta tese aborda algumas dificuldades que surgiram a partir da utilização da Web na educação a distância, aqui referenciada como Educação Baseada na Web (EBW). Argumenta-se que um dos principais problemas é a lacuna existente entre dois grupos vinculados a ela. Os pesquisadores do primeiro grupo despendem seu tempo e energia estudando o processo de aprendizagem, mas não se preocupam em reduzir os custos e o esforço necessário para desenvolver sistemas educacionais. Por outro lado, os pesquisadores do segundo grupo visam facilitar a construção e a gerência de sistemas e cursos, mas não voltam sua atenção para as questões relacionadas à aprendizagem. Enquanto o primeiro grupo foi responsável pelo surgimento e aprimoramento de tecnologias como Sistemas Tutores Inteligentes (STI) e Sistemas de Hipermídia Adaptativa (SHA), o segundo deu a sua contribuição criando os Sistemas Gerenciadores de Aprendizagem (LMS) e os Objetos de Aprendizagem (LO). Esta divisão nos interesses de pesquisa tem feito com que os STI e SHA ainda sejam vistos como experimentos confinados aos laboratórios, sem uma aplicação prática em larga escala, devido ao custo de seu desenvolvimento. É eminente o predomínio dos LMS e LO devido às facilidades administrativas oferecidas por eles, apesar de não propiciarem condições de aprendizagem tão boas aos alunos. A pesquisa desenvolvida utiliza tecnologias da Web Semântica para auxiliar o desenvolvimento de sistemas que possuam benefícios oriundos das pesquisas dos dois grupos citados. Após identificar os principais problemas da EBW, foram modeladas três ontologias que contemplam informações sobre o domínio do conhecimento a ser ensinado, as teorias de aprendizagem e os alunos que participam de tais cursos. Estas informações são utilizadas para facilitar a construção de cursos para a EBW, possibilitando a reutilização de materiais já prontos e permitindo que aspectos das teorias de aprendizagem sejam considerados. Desta maneira, é possível reduzir os custos e o esforço necessário para construir os cursos e melhorar a aprendizagem dos alunos, atendendo aos objetivos dos pesquisadores dos dois grupos citados. Com o intuito de validar as ontologias desenvolvidas, construiu-se um sistema computacional, que utiliza as informações nelas disponíveis, para auxiliar o usuário na construção de um curso. Este curso é salvo em um pacote que segue o Modelo de Agregação de Conteúdo definido no padrão SCORM. Desta maneira, qualquer LMS com suporte ao referido padrão é capaz de executá-lo. This thesis deals with some difficults that arose from the use of Web in distance learning, referenced here as Web-Based Education (WBE). It argues that one of the main problem is the gap between two groups involved on WBE. The first group have spent their energy and time studying learning processes, although they are not concerned in reducing the costs and the work necessary for the development and management of educational systems. On the other hand, the second group aims at facilitating the construction and management of systems and courses, without turning its efforts towards learning subject. While the first group was responsible for creation and improvement of technologies such as Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) and Adaptive Hypermedia Systems (AHS), the second one contribute by creating Learning Management Systems (LMS) and Learning Objects (LO). Such split between researches interests have made that ITS and AHS have still been seen as experiments restricteds to labs. The dominance of LMS and LO over ITS and AHS is evident, due to the facilities offered by them to manage courses and students, despite of not providing so good learning conditions. The research carried out makes use of Semantic Web technologies to aid in the development of systems that possess benefits provided by researches from the two cited groups. After to identify the main WBE problems, three ontology were modeled with information about domain to be taught in the courses, instructional and learning theories, and about students who participate of such courses. This information is used to make easier the construction of courses made available through the Web, making possible the reuse of existent material and considering aspects from instructional and learning theories. That way, a decrease on costs and effort needed to create courses is possible as well as an improvement on students learning, by satisfying the objectives of researchers from both groups. Aiming to validate ontology developed, a computational system that uses their information was built, in order to aid user to create courses. Such courses are saved in a package conformant with Content Aggregation Model defined in SCORM Standard. That way, any LMS conformant with that standard can run them.

As tecnologias de informação e comunicação possuem grande potencial para aplicação em ambientes educacionais. O uso destas tecnologias pode viabilizar a transformação de uma disciplina presencial numa disciplina à distância, ou simplesmente utilizá-las como apoio às aulas presenciais. Os objetos de aprendizagem são definidos como sendo qualquer entidade, digital ou não, que pode ser usada, reusada ou referenciada durante o ensino auxiliado por tecnologia. Os objetos de aprendizagem são, geralmente, animações e/ou simulações interativas que representam um determinado fenômeno, reação ou acontecimento de algo do mundo real. Módulos de uma disciplina, uma disciplina completa ou um curso, também podem ser considerados como sendo objetos de aprendizagem. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver objetos de aprendizagem para disciplina específica de geoprocessamento utilizando as tecnologias de informação e comunicação, sob as recomendações de padronizações para objetos de aprendizagem e, posteriormente avaliar os resultados obtidos nesta disciplina. Para avaliar a proposta aqui abordada foi selecionada a disciplina Geoprocessamento, oferecida no Departamento de Engenharia de Transportes da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, que é ministrada no curso de Engenharia Civil. / The information and communication technologies hold expressive potential for educational environments. The usage of these technologies can make viable the transformation of a presence course to a distance course or simply utilizes these like support to presence courses. The learning objects are defined alike any entity, digital or not digital, that can be used, reused or referred during the technology enhanced teaching process. Generally, the learning objects are interactive animations or simulations that represent a determinate phenomenon, reaction or something that happens in the real world. Parts of discipline, a complete discipline or a course, can be considerated like learning objects too. The intent is to develop learning objects to the specific course of the geoprocessing using the information and communication technologies under the norms and guidelines for learning objects and afterwards, evaluate the results obtained on that course. To evaluate the project, has been selected the discipline PTR2555 - Geoprocessamento, offered at the Engineering Transportation Department of Escola Politécnica of Universidade de São Paulo. This discipline is given at the course Civil Engineering.

Arbetet handlar om utveckling av ett e-learningsystem och hur man kan säkra koden förframtiden. Dessutom handlar det om att undersöka en möjlig implementation av standardenSCORM samt att ta fram en ny databasmodell.Efter förundersökning togs beslutet att genomföra projektet som ett API i grunden medtestdriven utveckling och tillhörande dokumentation. De tekniker som användes var; HTML,CSS, XML, PHP, MySQL, Javascript, och Codeigniter.Resultatet blev som förväntat förutom att det inte gick att återanvända koden i den utsträckningsom först uppskattades utan istället återanvändes idéer och problemlösning. / This thesis is about an e-learning system and how to secure the code for future development. Inaddition, it is about a conceivable implemention of the SCORM standard and to develop a newdatabase model.After preliminary investigation it was decided to proceed with the project as an API and to usetest-driven development and also to write documentation. The techniques used were: HTML,CSS, XML, PHP, MySQL, Javascript, Codeigniter.The result was as expected except that it was not possible to reuse the code in the extent whichwas first estimated, but instead re-use ideas and how to solve problems.