Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第18977号 / 工博第4019号 / 新制||工||1619 / 31928 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻 / (主査)教授 中島 正愛, 教授 金子 佳生, 教授 吹田 啓一郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当

This thesis investigates possibilities to perform image interpolation on an FPGA instead of on a graphics card. The images will be used for 3D display on Setred AB’s screen and an implementation in firmware will hopefully give two major advantages over the existing rendering methods. First, an FPGA can handle big amounts of data and perform a lot of calculations in parallel. Secondly, the amount of data to transfer is drastically increased after the interpolation and with this, a higher bandwith is required to transfer the data at a high speed. By moving the interpolation as close to the projector as possible, the bandwidth requirements can be lowered. Both these points will hopefully be improved, giving a higher frame rate on the screen. The thesis consists of three major parts, where the first handles methods to increase the resolution of images. Especially nearest neighbour, bilinear and bicubic interpolation is investigated. Bilinear interpolation was considered to give a good trade off between image quality and calculation cost and was therefore implemented. The second part discusses how a number of perspectives can be interpolated from one or a few captured images and the corresponding depth or disparity maps. Two methods were tested and one was chosen for a final implementation. The last part of the thesis handles Multi Video, a method that can be used to slice the perspectives into a form that is needed for the Scanning Slit display to show them correctly. The quality of the images scaled with bilinear interpolation is satisfactory if the scale factor is kept reasonably low. The perspectives interpolated in the second part show good quality with lots of details but suffers from some empty areas. Further improvements of this function is not necessary but would increase the image quality further. An acceptable frame rate has been achieved but further improvements of the speed can be performed. The most important continuation of this thesis is to integrate the implemented parts with the existing firmware and with that enable a real test of the performance.

Podocytes are specialized epithelial cells which wrap glomerular capillaries with numerous interdigitating foot processes (FP). Between adjacent FPs a unique junction, the slit diaphragm (SD), functions as the final blood filtration barrier. Actin organization is critical for maintaining FP structure and SD function, and the adaptor protein Nck can bind an intracellular SD component to couple it with actin regulators. Podocyte-specific deletion of Nck in mice results in proteinuria and FP effacement. To better understand FP remodelling, we have pursued a transgenic mouse model utilizing an inducible and reversible dominant negative Nck (DN-Nck) to prevent signalling to actin regulators, exclusively in podocytes. Effects of DN-Nck were first confirmed in vitro, and transgenic mice were then generated and induced to express DN-Nck. Despite obtaining several mice which exhibited a mild renal phenotype, transgene expression appeared to be lost in successive generations. Full in vivo analysis awaits generation of additional transgenic founders.

Submitted by DANILO CARDOSO FERREIRA null (danilofunesp@hotmail.com) on 2016-01-15T16:37:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DaniloCardosoFerreiraDissertação.pdf: 18302953 bytes, checksum: 3c2360f40af22ce571ff0f502e07fce0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-01-18T11:54:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreira_dc_me_prud_par.pdf: 828636 bytes, checksum: 12854c3c461e55dc7897bb0c5127d4a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-18T11:54:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreira_dc_me_prud_par.pdf: 828636 bytes, checksum: 12854c3c461e55dc7897bb0c5127d4a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A mecânica quântica é uma das áreas da Física que surgiu em meados de 1900 e permanece em desenvolvimento até os dias atuais. Diversos aparatos tecnológicos são consequência deste importante ramo da Física que também contribui com a Medicina, Matemática, Filosofia, Literatura e Biologia. Logo, é imprescindível que o contato com esta ciência ocorra no contexto do ensino médio. Para inserir o estudante no mundo da mecânica quântica, isto é, na física do infinitamente pequeno, o aluno deve abandonar o pensamento clássico e pensar em termos do comportamento quântico e do indeterminismo no processo de medida, isto é, desenvolver a capacidade de abstração. Sendo este, o objetivo deste trabalho. Para tanto, foi escolhido o experimento da dupla fenda que permite trabalhar com a dualidade onda-partícula do elétron e do fóton. Por meio deste experimento, o aluno pode ser inserido paulatinamente numa trajetória rumo a descrição quântica necessária para o exame dos fenômenos subatômicos. A análise experimental é cuidadosamente realizada com o auxílio de laboratórios virtuais, disponibilizados gratuitamente em sítios eletrônicos, os quais representam um recurso que permite realizar procedimentos experimentais que necessitariam de grande aparato laboratorial. O experimento da dupla fenda é analisado em três etapas, relatadas a seguir: (i) a dupla fenda com partículas clássicas; (ii) a dupla fenda com ondas clássicas e; (iii) a dupla fenda com objetos quânticos como elétrons e fótons. O objetivo é demonstrar o comportamento dual do elétron. Posteriormente, para concluir de forma precisa e justificar o comportamento quântico do elétron é apresentado o princípio da indeterminação de Heisenberg e suas implicações filosóficas. Sendo assim, o objetivo central desta pesquisa é buscar integrar o comportamento quântico, que acontece na escala atômica, principalmente no contexto do ensino médio. Algumas orientações sobre como aplicar este trabalho em outros níveis de ensino aparecem no decorrer do texto e nos apêndices. Apresentando o comportamento dual, onda–partícula, do elétron, a interpretação probabilística e o princípio de incerteza. Acreditamos que o aluno será capaz de compreender um grande número de fenômenos que acontece em escalas que não são do domínio da mecânica clássica quando, em contato com estes temas. Este tema faz parte do conteúdo de física moderna contemporânea que vem sendo abordado em livros textos e vestibulares. Além disso, algumas das novas tecnologias utilizam a física quântica, desde microscópios eletrônicos, nanotecnologia, computação quântica, semicondutores, diodos (incluindo o LED), transistores, computadores, tablets, GPS, satélites, radares, aviões, lasers, scanners de código de barras, sistemas militares de defesa, CD e Blu-Ray players, criptografia, células fotoelétricas, sensores diversos, basicamente, tudo que é eletrônico. Um dos objetivos do trabalho é verificar quais os conhecimentos prévios o corpo discente possui, antes do contato com o conteúdo de física quântica, ou seja, o que faz parte do senso comum sobre este tema. Além disso, pretendemos verificar se o aluno consegue: i) distinguir, no final da aplicação desta pesquisa, que as leis da física em escalas atômicas são diferentes das leis da física clássica, ii) a importância da mecânica quântica na tecnologia e na sociedade. / Quantum mechanics is one of the areas of physics that emerged in mid-1900 and remains in development to the current day. Several technological devices are a result of this important branch of physics that also helps to Medicine, Mathematics, Philosophy, Literature and Biology. Therefore, it is essential that contact with this science occurs at the high school level, what actually occurs in a limited way, when it happens. To place the student in the world of quantum mechanics, that is, the infinitely small of physics, the student must leave the classical thought and think in terms of the quantum behavior and indeterminacy in the measurement process, namely to develop the capacity for abstraction. This is accurately the aim of this work. Thus, the double-slit experiment that lets you work with the wave-particle duality of the electron and the photon was chosen. Through this experiment, students can be gradually inserted on a path toward quantum description necessary for the examination of subatomic phenomena. The experimental analysis is carefully performed with the aid of virtual laboratories, available for free in electronic sites, which represent a resource to perform experimental procedures that would require large laboratory apparatus. The double slit experiment is analyzed in the following three steps, reported: (i) the slit paired with classical particles; (ii) the double slit and with classical waves; (iii) the double slit with quantum objects such as electrons and photons. The goal is to demonstrate the electron dual behavior. Later to complete accurately and justify the electron quantum behavior shows the principle of indeterminacy of Heisenberg and its philosophical implications. Thus, the main objective of this research is to seek to integrate quantum behavior, which takes place at the atomic scale, especially in the high school level. Some guidance on how to apply this work in other levels of education appear throughout the text and in the appendices. Introducing the dual behavior wave-particle, the electron, the probabilistic interpretation and the uncertainty principle. We believe that students will be able to understand a number of phenomena that occurs on scales that are not the classical mechanics of the domain when in contact with these topics. This topic is part of the contemporary modern physics content that is being addressed in texts and entrance exam books. In addition, some of the new technologies using quantum physics, from electronic microscopes, nanotechnology, quantum computing, semiconductors, diodes (including LED), transistors, computers, tablets, GPS, satellites, radar, aircraft, lasers, code scanners bars, military defense systems, CD and Blu-Ray players, encryption, photoelectric cells, various sensors, basically, everything is electronic. One of the goals of the work is to check what prior knowledge the student body has, before contact with quantum physics content, so the part of common sense on this issue. In addition, we intend to verify that the student is able to: i) distinguish, at the end of the application of this research, that the laws of physics at atomic scales are different from the laws of classical physics, ii) the importance of quantum mechanics in technology and society.

Neste trabalho apresentamos um estudo sistemático da transmissão da radiação eletromagnética em um conjunto de fendas metálicas individuais depositadas em substratos de vidro BK7 com larguras abaixo do comprimento de onda da luz incidente. As fendas foram obtidas através da evaporação térmica de prata e ouro sobre um substrato dielétrico (vidro BK7). A fabricação das fendas foi feita de forma direta através de um equipamento de feixe de íons de Gálio (FEI Quanta 3D). A transmissão óptica das fendas foi estudada com radiação laser para os comprimentos de onda de 488 nm e 632.8 nm. Observouse uma oscilação de intensidade na transmissão devido ao efeito de interferência dos surface plasmon polariton (SPP) gerados na superfície metálica como função da espessura do filme metálico. Os resultados experimentais obtidos foram confrontados com simulações computacionais, via método de elementos finitos, a partir das quais pode se compreender os mecanismos de propagação da radiação na estrutura em questão, e compará-los com detalhes da fabricação de fendas. Procedimento similar foi realizado ao variar a largura das mesmas. Também foi feita a análise da transmissão óptica em fendas fabricadas em filmes constituídos por camadas alternadas de prata e ouro, a fim de comparar como tal mudança na configuração da estrutura afeta os resultados anteriores. O trabalho serviu para mostrar que as dimensões dos filmes metálicos, assim como das fendas, apresentavam grande influência nas propriedades de transmissão e, além do que foi possível conferir diversos conceitos básicos da teoria eletromagnética num sistema relativamente simples. A compreensão dessas propriedades é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de futuros dispositivos que utilizam efeitos plasmônicos. / This work presents a systematic study of the transmission of electromagnetic radiation on a set of single metallic slits metallic with widths below the wavelength of incident light, deposited on BK7 glass substrates. The slits were obtained by thermal evaporation of silver and gold on a dielectric (BK7 glass). The fabrication of the slits was performed directly through a gallium ion beam equipment (FEI Quanta 3D). The optical transmission of the slits was studied by laser radiation for the wavelengths of 488 nm and 632.8 nm. An oscillation in the transmission intensity was observed due to the interference effect of the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) generated on the metallic surface as a function of the metal film thickness. The experimental results were compared with computational simulations, via finite element method, in order to comprehend the mechanisms of radiation propagation in the structure and compare them with details of slits fabrication. A similar procedure was performed by varying the width of the slits. An analagous analysis of the optical transmission in slits fabricated in films consisting of alternating layers of silver and gold was performed in order to compare how this change in structure configuration affects the previous results. The work served to show that the dimensions of the metal films, as well as of the slits, have a significant influence on the properties of transmission, and, moreover it was possible to confer different basic concepts of electromagnetic theory in a relatively simple system. Understanding these properties is fundamental for the development of future devices that make use of plasmonics effects.

Prevalensen av allergisjukdomar har ökat kraftigt sedan mitten av 1900-talet. Allergenspecifik immunterapi är en immunmodulerande behandling som kan vara aktuell hos vissa individer med medelsvår till svår IgE-medierad allergi. Behandlingen kan administreras sublingualt eller subkutant. Syftet med detta litteraturarbete var att undersöka om sublingual immunterapi (SLIT) och subkutan immunterapi (SCIT) med husdammskvalsterallergen skiljer med avseende på förändring av symtom- och medicineringspoäng, specifika IgE- och IgG4-antikroppar, IL-10 och IFN-γ. Artiklar har sökts i databasen PubMed. Fem artiklar som undersökte effekten av både SLIT och SCIT valdes ut för att besvara syftet. SCIT gav en signifikant större minskning av symtompoängen för astma i studie 1 och 2, men ej i studie 3. Även medicineringspoängen för astma minskade signifikant mer med SCIT än SLIT i studie 2, men ej i studie 1. Studie 4 visade att SCIT minskade symtompoängen signifikant mer än SLIT. Ingen statistiskt signifikant skillnad sågs mellan SLIT och SCIT vad gäller minskning av symtompoäng för rinit i studie 1-3, medicineringspoäng för rinit i studie 1 och 2 eller totala medicineringspoängen i studie 3. SCIT ökade halten specifika IgG4-antikroppar signifikant mer än SLIT i studie 1, 2 och 5. Ingen statistiskt signifikant skillnad sågs mellan SLIT och SCIT vad gäller förändring av specifika IgE-antikroppar, IL-10 och IFN-γ. Resultaten från studierna tyder på att SLIT och SCIT är lika effektiva vid minskning av symtom- och medicineringspoäng för rinit efter 1-2 års behandling. SCIT kan däremot tänkas vara effektivare efter 3 års behandling. Vad gäller minskning av symtom- och medicineringspoäng för astma verkar SCIT vara effektivare än SLIT. SCIT ökar halten specifika IgG4-antikroppar mer än SLIT. Ingen skillnad mellan SLIT och SCIT verkar finnas vad gäller förändring av halten specifika IgE-antikroppar, IL-10 och IFN-γ. Fler randomiserade kontrollerade studier som gör en direkt jämförelse mellan SLIT och SCIT skulle vara önskvärt för att fastställa om långtidseffekterna mellan SLIT och SCIT med husdammskvalsterallergen skiljer eller ej.

Qu’est-ce qu’un cadre ? Qu’est-ce que voir ? Qu’est-ce que donner à voir ? Partant d’une séquence du Décalogue 8 et après avoir rappelé l’importance du modèle de la finestra albertienne comme origine de l’image, en peinture, photographie et cinéma, la thèse observe son traitement par Kieślowski dans Le Décalogue. Il s’agit d’abord de mettre en relation le projet du polyptyque avec le décalogue mosaïque, d’y suivre le sort du second commandement, comme commandement-fantôme, pour voir en quoi il s’en constitue comme le commandement-racine. L’amateur est considéré et étudié comme mise en jeu de ce commandement, sa Vie d’artiste est considérée à l’aune de sa quête cinématographique du réel dans l’image et de son cheminement éthique. La thèse observe ensuite en quoi le cadre peut être considéré comme une figure de la Lettre. Apparaît alors une dialectique de la finestra et de la fessura, où se lit l’expression visuelle du conflit de la pulsion scopique et de sa contention éthique. Est ensuite menée une approche phénoménologique de l’image-fente dans Le Décalogue,partant du motif de la fente pour observer l’image-fente comme dispositif visuel et comme figure métadiscursive.Elle devient ensuite concept heuristique dont est éclairée la structure d’ouverture, sa fonctionnalité de passage puis la part du rapport à l’origine et enfin sa dimension d’objet primaire.Le concept heuristique d’image-fente aura peut-être permis de mettre en évidence le désir inconscient de fusion avec l’origine que la finestra albertienne porte en elle sous la forme de la fessura qui la hante et la déforme. / What is a frame? What is seeing? What is giving to see? Taking a sequence of Decalogue:VIII as a starting point and after having reminded the importance of the albertinian finestra model as origin of the image in painting, photography and cinema, the thesis explores its handling by Kieślowski in The Decalogue.To begin with, this is done by putting into relation the polyptych project with the Mosaic Decalogue. From there we follow the stake of the second commandment — as a ghost-commandment— to see how it makes up as the root-commandment. Camera Buff is dealt with and studied by means of this commandment being brought into play. Kieślowski’s Artist life is seen in the light of its cinematographic quest of the real inside the picture and of its ethical course. Next, I explore how the frame can be considered as a figure of the Letter. This is when a dialectic of the finestra and of the fessura crops up, where the visual expression of the conflict between the scopic drive and its ethical strain can be observed. I then set about a phenomenology of the image slit inside The Decalogue, taking the pattern ofthe slit to explore the image slit as a visual apparatus and then as a metadiscursive figure.It then becomes a heuristic concept about which I explore the opening structure and then its passage functionality to follow on with the measure of the relation to the origin and finally the primary object dimension.The heuristic concept of image slit may possibly have allowed to underline the unconscious desire of bonding with the origin which the albertinian finestra possesses within itself under the form of the fessura which haunts and distorts it.

La cornée est le tissu le plus densément innervé du corps humain. Cette innervation joue un rôle dans la régulation de la sécrétion du film lacrymal et exerce un rôle trophique direct sur l'épithélium cornéen. Les axones cornéens expriment différents types de récepteurs et répondent à des fonctions de mécano-nocicepteurs, de récepteurs au froid ou de récepteurs polymodaux. Nous avons pu identifier de nouvelles lignées de souris transgéniques et les utiliser pour caractériser ces différentes populations axonales. L'innervation cornéenne débute à E12.5 chez la souris et est régulée par les molécules de Slits et de Sémaphorines et leurs récepteurs Robo et Plexines/Neuropilines respectivement. Nous avons pu étudier le rôle de ces deux familles dans le développement de l'innervation cornéenne. Les mutants Slits et Robos présentent une réduction du nombre et de la taille des terminaisons axonales épithéliales cornéennes. A l'âge adulte, les mutants Robos présentent une dégénérescence précoce des terminaisons épithéliales. Les mutants plexine-A4 et Neuropiline-1 présentent à l'inverse une augmentation du nombre de divisions des troncs stromaux cornéens. A l'âge adulte les mutants Plexine-A4 retrouvent une organisation classique de l'innervation alors que les mutants Neuropiline-1 conservent la désorganisation de l'innervation cornéenne. Nous avons également étudié la régénération de l'innervation après lésions de grattage de l'épithélium cornéen. Nos résultats préliminaires semblent en faveur d'une augmentation de la régénération de l'innervation cornéenne chez les mutants Neuropiline-1. / The cornea is the most densely innervated tissue in the entire body. Corneal innervation plays a role in regulating the secretion of lacrimal film and exerts a direct trophic role on the corneal epithelium. Corneal axons express different types of sensory receptors ranging between mechano-, thermo-, and polymodal nociceptors. We identified transgenic mouse lines to characterize these different axonal populations. Corneal innervation begins at E12.5 in mice and is regulated by a range of axon guidance cues such as Slits and Semaphorins, which respond to their receptors Robo and Plexin/Neuropillin respectively. We studied the role of these two families in the development of corneal innervation. The Slits and Robos mutants show a reduction in the number and size of the corneal epithelial nerves endings. In adult, Robos mutants exhibit early degeneration of the epithelial nerves endings. Plexin-A4 and Neuropilin-1 mutants, on the other hand, show an increase in the number of divisions of the corneal stromal nerve trunks. In adult, Plexin-A4 mutants regain a classical organization of innervation whereas Neuropilin-1 mutants retain the disorganization of corneal innervation. Following a lesion, corneal innervation is able to regenerate, however the axons never regain their initial morphology or complexity. Due to the increased corneal innervation observed in the Neuropilin-1 mutants, we wondered whether the regeneration of innervation after scrapping lesions of the corneal epithelium could be enhanced in Neuropilin-1 loss of function. Our preliminary results support an increase in corneal innervation regeneration in Neuropilin-1 mutants.

Natural gas is stored as compressed natural gas (CNG) in heavy steel cylinders under pressures of 200-250 atm. However, such a method of storage has certain disadvantages which include multistage compression costs, limited driving range and safety aspects. Hence, alternative methods of storage such as adsorbed natural gas (ANG) which involve adsorbing natural gas at moderate pressures and room temperatures in a suitable nanoporous material are currently being explored. In this thesis, we have isolated model carbon nanostructures and defect geometries most likely to be found in these materials and investigated their specific interactions with methane. The thesis is concerned with ab-initio density functional theory calculations on these various model carbon nanostructures in order to identify the potential candidates that enhance methane adsorption. The adsorption energies of methane on graphite and graphene sheets were similar, with a value of 12.3 kJ/mol for graphene. The Stone-Wales defect in graphene was found to increase the methane adsorption energy to 37.2 kJ/mol, and small surface undulations on the graphene sheet resulted in a smaller increase (16 kJ/mol) in the adsorption energy relative to graphene. The presence of an interstitial carbon was found to significantly reduce the adsorption energy to 5.2 kJ/mol. The enhanced adsorption energy in the case of the Stone-Wales defect was attributed to the significant charge redistribution in the vicinity of the defect. A variety of functional groups such as carboxylic acid (COOH), carbonyl (CO), phenol (OH), pyran (-O-), phenone (=O), peroxide (OOH) and amine (NH2) groups have been observed on carbon surfaces. Extensive density functional calculations of methane adsorbed on various chemically functionalized graphene nanoribbons were carried out to evaluate their methane adsorption energies. A significant finding in this study, is the increased adsorption energies (relative to graphene) that occur for the functional groups containing the OH moiety. The adsorption energies for edge functionalized graphene nanoribbons are 27.6 and 69.7 kJ/mol for COOH and OOH functionalization. Additional computations reveal a strong correlation between the induced dipole moment on methane and the strength of the adsorption energies obtained for the extended nanoribbons. Adsorption isotherms for methane were obtained using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations for slit-like graphitic pores with and without functional groups. For both OH and COOH functionalized graphite, we observe more than a 40 % increase in the volumetric loading over bare graphite for the highest weight % of the functional group and smallest pore width considered. The maximum volumetric loading decreases with a decrease in the wt% of the functional groups and with an increase in the pore width.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(生命科学) / 甲第22599号 / 生博第432号 / 新制||生||57(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院生命科学研究科高次生命科学専攻 / (主査)教授 井垣 達吏, 教授 鈴木 淳, 教授 豊島 文子 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy in Life Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM