Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS) / This study investigates caregiver’s perceptions of the purposes, uses and adequacies of the Child Support Grant (CSG) in Mfuleni (Cape Town, South Africa). Moreover, the research was underpinned by the following research questions: What is the CSG intended for in South Africa? To what extent does the CSG enable caregivers to use it? What is the perception of caregivers with regards to the uses and purposes of the CSG in Mfuleni? What is the perception of caregivers regarding their power and agency to influence policy in terms of how the CSG should be structured (both in terms of benefit level and how it is administered)? A model by DFID (2011) focusing on the causal pathway for cash transfers was used as the conceptual framework for the study. Qualitative research methods were utilized to achieve the aims of the study. Ten interviews and a focus group discussion comprising six caregivers were conducted. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The study revealed that caregivers understood the CSG is proposed for children, households and being a source of income for caregivers. Caregivers also revealed the CSG was utilized towards the basic needs of children. Through the CSG many caregivers had agency and power in their household and could establish small businesses.

(in English): In this thesis I focus on the system of social protection in Japan at the turn of the 21st century and the role of the state in this system. In the first chapter I define the terms society, social policy and welfare state. The second chapter is dedicated to the historical development of the social policy from antiquity to the end of the Second World War. In the next chapter I concern myself with the character of the social protection system in Japan at the beginning of the third millennium, the changes in the Japanese society and the financial state of the social protection system. In the last chapter I analyse the reforms that have been done since the beginning of the new century and which propose was to stabilize the system of the social protection in Japan and make it sustainable.

Rationale – Climate disasters represent a significant and growing proportion of the humanitarian burden and are a key factor in increasing poverty and insecurity. A myriad of studies demonstrate that aid delivered in an ex-ante fashion can be effective in mitigating losses of life, assets and livelihoods associated with climate hazards. This inquiry supplements the nascent body of research and empirical evidence base pertaining to the building of anticipatory capacity into large-scale national systems, namely via linking a Forecast-based Financing mechanism to an existing social protection system. Research question – Using the case of flood disasters in Bardiya district, Nepal, the research inquired the following: How can social protection be combined with Forecast-based Financing in order to optimise anticipatory humanitarian relief for climate-related disasters? Sub-questions – Research sub-questions guided the inquiry: (1) To what extent are current social protection beneficiaries exposed to climate-related disasters? (2) What is the specific climate vulnerability of social protection beneficiaries? (3) What are the anticipatory relief needs of climate vulnerable social protection beneficiaries? Methodology – Grounded in empirical research via the conduct of a qualitative single case study, the inquiry adopted a conceptual perspective and an exploratory design. A remote data collection strategy was applied, which included (1) a thorough desk review of key scientific literature and secondary data provided by in-field humanitarian organisations; and (2) semi-structured interviews with key informants. Key findings – The data demonstrated that the exposure of social protection beneficiaries to flood hazards is comparable to the general population. Nevertheless, an elevated climate vulnerability is evident secondary to an increased sensitivity and diminished adaptive capacity. The flood anticipatory relief needs/preferences identified include cash-based assistance, food provisions, evacuation assistance and/or enhanced Early Warning Systems. Conclusion – The research supports the utilisation of the proposed conceptual model for an integrated social protection and Forecast-based Financing mechanism, inclusive of vertical and horizontal expansion, in order to effectively identify the most climate vulnerable groups and to guide the provision of targeted anticipatory actions. The mechanism is optimised when a people-centred approach is utilised, with reference to the idiosyncratic, lifecycle and corresponding intersectional vulnerabilities of the targeted population. These findings will contribute to prospective programming in Nepal; additionally, the extent to which they can be generalised will be informed by future applied efficacy studies and comparative analyses with research from differing contexts.

This qualitative study is about social security system as a form of international aid, with focus on cash transfers in Tanzania. The study aims to examine social security systems as the right tool to fight poverty in the long term. It also aims to analyze how Swedish international aid organisations contributes to the establishment of social security systems in Tanzania. The study is based on literature of relevance, interviews and other existing social security systems. In this study a total of eight semi structured interviews were conducted with representatives from various Swedish international aid organisations, as well as a scientist operating at a university in Sweden. The theoretical framework in this study includes Social Progress Index as a tool to measure and analyze the well being of a country. The main findings in this study showed that social security systems in form of cash in hand is a simple and effective way to get people out of poverty. The results also include problems with international aid and the absence of a long term solution in fighting poverty. The main findings in this study contributes to a greater understanding of the importance of contextualization regarding social security systems. It also shows that Sweden as a welfare nation has an important role in international discussions concerning social protection. / Det här är en kvalitativ studie om internationella biståndsinsatser i form av sociala trygghetssystem med fokus på kontantstöd i Tanzania. Studien syftar till att undersöka om sociala trygghetssystem i den här bemärkelsen är rätt verktyg för att bekämpa extrem fattigdom ur ett långsiktigt perspektiv, samt hur svenska biståndsorganisationer bidrar till uppbyggnad av sociala trygghetssystem i Tanzania. Studien utgår från relevant litteratur, intervjuer och referenser till andra sociala trygghetssystem. Sammanlagt genomfördes åtta semistrukturerade djupintervjuer med informanter från svenska biståndsorganisationer samt en forskare som är verksam vid ett svenskt universitet. En viktig teoretisk utgångspunkt i studien är Social Progress Index (SPI) som är ett verktyg för att mäta länders välmående. Av resultatet framgår att sociala trygghetssystem är ett effektivt och enkelt sätt att lyfta människor ur fattigdom. Detta ställs i kontrast till problematiken kring bistånd och sociala trygghetssystem som endast en kortsiktig lösning. Resultatet visar också vikten av kontextualisering i biståndsinsatser och Sveriges viktiga roll i den internationella biståndsdebatten.

Analysis and evaluation of positive law of benefits which are drawn by people in the Czech republic was my main intention. The result of frequent amendments is questionable interpretation of particular provisions and decline of legal certainty, because neither instructed employees who work in employment offices or in others can help general public. In the Czech republic there is a stronge social-democratic feeling from interwar period that is receding from the reality of our lives. Quick economic changes during 90'caused admission of liberal measures. These consequences carried into effect, that Czecch family policy of the begining of this millenium is a combination of various wals, very difficult to be classify. On the one hand I see a problem in current concepts of role of the family by young people because it devaluates gradually which you can notice in a big amount of divorces, fall of marriages, in a way to postpone pragnancy, drop of new-born babies etc. On the other hand it is necessary to say, that in fact, there is still distrust in a case to employ mothers of small children and that's why i tis very difficult to join both, care about family and building of career. Compared with other developed countries employers placed in the Czech republic offer parents who would like to work for, still few...

Social protection of persons with disabilities My thesis treats social protection of persons with disabilities. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse the Czech and French legislation in the field of social security of person with disabilities. The thesis is composed of four sections. The first section which is divided into two chapters is dedicated to generalities - the first chapter gives a theoretic definition of the handicap and persons with disabilities. The second chapter investigates the protection of person with disabilities from the point of view of the international law and European Union's law that represent the foundation of the Czech and French legal system. The second section which is divided into five chapters analyses the Czech legal order. The third chapter provides an outline of Czech legal definition of relevant terms. The next chapter describes assessment of health, which is provided by Medical Assessment Service. The fifth chapter treats social insurance's and state social support's security benefits. The sixth chapter look at security benefits which are provided by the social assistance system. It consists of three subchapters where the first one treats the care allowance, the procedure and social services. The next subchapter described the mobility allowance, the allowance...

Em face da vulnerabilidade econômico-social corrente no mundo contemporâneo, as temáticas dos direitos sociais e dos programas de proteção à pessoa humana têm assumido grande proeminência internacional. Voltada a esse contexto, a presente dissertação desenvolve um estudo de natureza teórica com o objetivo de refletir sobre os impasses e desafios das políticas públicas sociais na atualidade. Enfocando, pois, as transformações que se deram no tecido social dos países do centro capitalista ao longo das últimas décadas, argumenta-se que o marco em que se constrói a proteção social no nível socioantropológico pode estar em vias de esgotamento. Isso porque, elaboradas no contexto europeu do final do século XIX e início do XX, em que vigorava uma sociedade de cunho industrial, com trabalho assalariado formal, famílias nucleares e fortes Estados Nacionais; as políticas de proteção social, embora focassem o bem estar dos indivíduos, atuavam em tal direção a partir de crivos embasados nos coletivos em que eles se inseriam laborais, familiares ou mesmo nacionais. Hoje, todavia, percebe-se que a dinâmica social não é mais a mesma e, devido ao próprio desenvolvimento socioeconômico, essas coletividades se dissolveram, vigorando na sociedade um processo de individualização, que tende a inviabilizar as políticas sociais nos ditos moldes. Assim, através do aporte de três autores europeus contemporâneos - Robert Castel, Gøsta Esping-Andersen e Pierre Rosanvallon - são aqui trazidas à tona as características fundantes da proteção social, para então, com base no referencial teórico de Ulrich Beck, ressaltar a individualização como um processo contraditório de socialização fruto da modernidade industrial e desafiador de sua proteção social. Destacando essa problematização, por fim, são analisados alguns entrelaçamentos e entraves dados às políticas sociais por essa dinâmica reflexiva, com vistas a contribuir para o debate de alternativas que visem amenizar a desigualdade social na contemporaneidade. / Themes regarding social rights and programs of human protection have assumed great prominence internationally in light of contemporary economic and social vulnerability. This thesis advances a theoretical study about the dilemmas and challenges that social public policies currently face. Focusing on the changes that have taken place in the social fabric of central capitalist countries over the past few decades, it argues that the socio-anthropological landmark under which social protection was built may be nearing exhaustion. Such protection was developed and consolidated in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Europe, which were characterized by an industrial society, with formal wage labor, nuclear families and strong National States. In this panorama, social policies, although focused on the well-being of individuals, acted through channels based on their collectives either labor-, family- or national-collectivities. Today, however, social dynamics have changed in the face of socio-economic development, leading to a dissolution of such groupings and to a parallel process of individualization, which tends to derail the former molds of social policies. Thus, first, through the contribution of three contemporary European authors - Robert Castel, Gøsta Esping-Andersen and Pierre Rosanvallon - the thesis presents the fundamental characteristics of social protection; then, based on the theoretical framework of Ulrich Beck, it emphasizes individualization as a paradoxical process of socialization resulting from industrial modernity that challenges its social protection apparatus. Focusing on this scene, finally, some interlacements and obstacles given by this reflexive dynamics to social policies are analyzed, with the aim of contributing to the debate on ways to alleviate contemporary social inequalities.

Este trabalho, busca analisar a formação sanitária e a demarcação das práticas sanitárias na realidade brasileira. Para compor o cenário da investigação, foram definidos três momentos, no correr do século XX – o deslocamento da noção de higienistas para a formação de sanitaristas, a partir da criação das escolas de Saúde Pública; a concepção de formação sanitária, a partir das narrativas de diretores e professores; e as necessidades e respostas institucionais encaminhadas sobre as questões sanitárias no final da década de 90. Foram utilizadas diferentes fontes, para sua realização: documentos oficiais; orais e iconográficos, em acervos de São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais. Tomando a escola de Saúde Pública de Minas Gerais, não como estudo de caso, mas como base para sua reflexão sobre os centros de formação sanitária, a autora busca privilegiar a articulação entre espaços e práticas concretas, que constituem e demarcam o campo sanitário na perspectiva dos direitos sociais e da proteção social, ou seja, sem desconsiderar as mudanças profundas, no exercício do poder, que vêm se dando no papel do Estado, desde a década de 70, no Brasil. De agente promotor do bem-estar social para o de regulador, a Saúde Pública, objeto desse estudo, deveria se manter como central na esfera das políticas públicas e sociais, havendo a necessidade de se enfrentar e reinscrever, tarefa nada fácil, as noções de público, serviço público e responsabilidade pública na dimensão ética da vida social, no período contemporâneo. Considerando a perspectiva, o estudo conclui que o Estado, a partir de seus centros formadores, deve prosseguir promovendo a formação e contratação de pessoal qualificado para funções e atividades que marcam o campo da ação sanitária, na realidade brasileira. / This study aims to analyse the formation of human resources in Public Health and the delimitation of the public health practices in the Brazilian reality. To compose the scenery of the investigation the author chose three moments throughout the XXth Century – the displacement from the notion of hygienists to the of public health workers, with the creation of the schools of public health; the concepts of the formation of public health workers from the reports of Deans and teachers of Schools of Public Health; and the needs and institutional responses elaborated on the public health question, in the end of the last decade of the Century. The author utilised different sources in her study: official documents, oral and iconographic sources, in the cities of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte. Taking the School of Public Health of Minas Gerais, not as a case study but as a basis for her reflection on the centres for the formation of public health workers, the author gives importance to the articulation between concrete spaces and practices which constitute and fix the limits to the field of public health in the perspective of social rights and social protection, that is, without ignoring the profound changes which are taking place, since the Seventies in Brazil, on the role of the State, from a promoter of social welfare, to the role of a regulator. Thus, Public Health, which is the object of this study, should remain central in the sphere of public and social policies, making it necessary to face and re-think (a difficult task) the notions of public, public services and public responsibility, in the ethic dimension of social life, in the contemporary period. In this perspective, the study concludes that the State, by means of its centres for the formation of human resources, must continue to promote the formation and utilisation of qualified personnel for the functions and activities that delimit the field of public health action, in the Brazilian reality.

Em face da vulnerabilidade econômico-social corrente no mundo contemporâneo, as temáticas dos direitos sociais e dos programas de proteção à pessoa humana têm assumido grande proeminência internacional. Voltada a esse contexto, a presente dissertação desenvolve um estudo de natureza teórica com o objetivo de refletir sobre os impasses e desafios das políticas públicas sociais na atualidade. Enfocando, pois, as transformações que se deram no tecido social dos países do centro capitalista ao longo das últimas décadas, argumenta-se que o marco em que se constrói a proteção social no nível socioantropológico pode estar em vias de esgotamento. Isso porque, elaboradas no contexto europeu do final do século XIX e início do XX, em que vigorava uma sociedade de cunho industrial, com trabalho assalariado formal, famílias nucleares e fortes Estados Nacionais; as políticas de proteção social, embora focassem o bem estar dos indivíduos, atuavam em tal direção a partir de crivos embasados nos coletivos em que eles se inseriam laborais, familiares ou mesmo nacionais. Hoje, todavia, percebe-se que a dinâmica social não é mais a mesma e, devido ao próprio desenvolvimento socioeconômico, essas coletividades se dissolveram, vigorando na sociedade um processo de individualização, que tende a inviabilizar as políticas sociais nos ditos moldes. Assim, através do aporte de três autores europeus contemporâneos - Robert Castel, Gøsta Esping-Andersen e Pierre Rosanvallon - são aqui trazidas à tona as características fundantes da proteção social, para então, com base no referencial teórico de Ulrich Beck, ressaltar a individualização como um processo contraditório de socialização fruto da modernidade industrial e desafiador de sua proteção social. Destacando essa problematização, por fim, são analisados alguns entrelaçamentos e entraves dados às políticas sociais por essa dinâmica reflexiva, com vistas a contribuir para o debate de alternativas que visem amenizar a desigualdade social na contemporaneidade. / Themes regarding social rights and programs of human protection have assumed great prominence internationally in light of contemporary economic and social vulnerability. This thesis advances a theoretical study about the dilemmas and challenges that social public policies currently face. Focusing on the changes that have taken place in the social fabric of central capitalist countries over the past few decades, it argues that the socio-anthropological landmark under which social protection was built may be nearing exhaustion. Such protection was developed and consolidated in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Europe, which were characterized by an industrial society, with formal wage labor, nuclear families and strong National States. In this panorama, social policies, although focused on the well-being of individuals, acted through channels based on their collectives either labor-, family- or national-collectivities. Today, however, social dynamics have changed in the face of socio-economic development, leading to a dissolution of such groupings and to a parallel process of individualization, which tends to derail the former molds of social policies. Thus, first, through the contribution of three contemporary European authors - Robert Castel, Gøsta Esping-Andersen and Pierre Rosanvallon - the thesis presents the fundamental characteristics of social protection; then, based on the theoretical framework of Ulrich Beck, it emphasizes individualization as a paradoxical process of socialization resulting from industrial modernity that challenges its social protection apparatus. Focusing on this scene, finally, some interlacements and obstacles given by this reflexive dynamics to social policies are analyzed, with the aim of contributing to the debate on ways to alleviate contemporary social inequalities.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:42:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caina Domit Vieira.pdf: 1376487 bytes, checksum: 4863d61b05ff8d53f050f4a8a876b7f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-04 / This dissertation aims to analyze the working conditions of the Haitian immigrant in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba. To do so, the study considers the course of the Haitian from the departure of his country of origin, the journey to Curitiba, the reason for choosing Brazil, the reality faced upon arrival, the difficulties encountered, the process of personal domination to which Is subject to the search for better living conditions and the means by which these issues result in precarious work, at which point social protection and its main forms are examined: (a) the reception of Haitian immigrants by public entities and non-governmental organizations ; (B) the Brazilian migration policy; (C) the actions of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, in particular the regularization of the situation of immigrants to provide the insertion of Haitians in the formal labor market in Brazil and the supervision of working conditions; (D) the projects and programs developed by the State of Paraná and the Universities of Paraná in relation to the conditions of the Haitian immigrant and the fight against slave labor. It is an interdisciplinary research, with a socio-juridical approach, with a qualitative approach and application of documentary analysis and the organization of the testimonies collected in the interviews in empirical categories. The methodological procedures used are: (i) interview with Haitian immigrants, with the purpose of ascertaining the reasons for the choice of Brazil, the route to Brazil and, in particular, its working conditions; (Ii) bibliographical research, to examine the process of personal domination of Haitian immigrants as workers for the acceptance of precarious work; (Iii) documentary research, with analysis of reports of insertion of immigrants in the Brazilian labor market, of the Ministry of Labor and Employment, in particular its Observatory of International Migration, with a survey of the context and main sectors in which Haitians work in Curitiba. The temporal cut of the research starts in 2013, considering the indication of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security in the sense that Haiti became the main nationality in the Brazilian formal labor market in the aforementioned year. Finally, the spatial / territorial clipping in the Curitiba Metropolitan Region results from the highlight of the Municipality as the principal in admitting workers in January 2016 (OBMIGRA). / A presente dissertação possui como finalidade analisar as condições de trabalho do imigrante haitiano na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba. Para tanto, a pesquisa considera o percurso do haitiano a partir da saída de seu país de origem, o trajeto realizado até Curitiba, o motivo da escolha pelo Brasil, a realidade enfrentada na chegada, as dificuldades encontradas, o processo de dominação pessoal ao qual está sujeito na busca por melhores condições de vida e o meio pelo qual tais questões resultam no trabalho precário, ponto no qual é examinada a proteção social e suas principais formas: (a) o acolhimento aos imigrantes haitianos pelos entes públicos e pelas organizações não governamentais; (b) a política migratória brasileira; (c) as ações do Ministério do Trabalho e Previdência Social, em especial à regularização da situação dos imigrantes para proporcionar a inserção dos haitianos no mercado formal de trabalho brasileiro e a fiscalização às condições de trabalho; (d) os projetos e programas desenvolvidos pelo Estado do Paraná e pelas Universidades paranaenses com relação às condições do imigrante haitiano e ao combate ao trabalho escravo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa interdisciplinar, de cunho sociojurídico, com abordagem qualitativa e aplicação de análise documental e da organização dos depoimentos colhidos nas entrevistas em categorias empíricas. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados são: (i) entrevista com imigrantes haitianos, com o fim de averiguar os motivos da escolha pelo Brasil, o percurso até o Brasil e, em especial, suas condições de trabalho; (ii) pesquisa bibliográfica, para examinar o processo de dominação pessoal dos imigrantes haitianos enquanto trabalhadores para aceitação do trabalho precário; (iii) pesquisa documental, com análise de relatórios de inserção dos imigrantes no mercado de trabalho brasileiro, do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, em especial de seu Observatório de Migrações Internacionais, com a apuração do contexto e dos principais setores em que laboram os haitianos em Curitiba. O recorte temporal da pesquisa parte do ano de 2013, considerando a indicação do Ministério do Trabalho e Previdência Social no sentido de que o Haiti se tornou a principal nacionalidade no mercado de trabalho formal brasileiro no aludido ano. Enfim, o recorte espacial/territorial na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba decorre do destaque do Município como principal em admitir trabalhadores no mês de janeiro de 2016 (OBMIGRA).