Mine abandonment and the discharge of contaminated mine water is recognised globally as a major source of surface water and groundwater pollution. Contamination generally arises from the oxidation of sulphide minerals, principally pyrite, by the mining process, and the subsequent chemical reactions can lead to the discharge of mineralised, often acidic, iron, and sulphate rich waters. In many historically mined river catchments, mine water discharge is the main cause of poor water quality. Within the UK, managing the legacy of abandoned mines is one of the principal challenges presented by modern environmental legislation, particularly the EU Water Framework Directive, a challenge that is exacerbated by the diverse and widespread nature of historical mining. The impact and hazard associated with abandoned mining in one of the UK’s most intensively mined regions, the Almond River Catchment, Scotland, was examined via: 1) a detailed GIS mapping and investigation of historical mining processes in the catchment, 2) mine site discharge sampling, 3) detailed site investigations, 4) geochemical modelling of four mine waste sites and 5) analysis of temporal and spatial river water quality in the catchment. The results are then brought together to produce a catchment scale mine water hazard map. Mapping has identified over 300 mine sites in the catchment including coal, oil shale and ironstone mine wastes and flooded coal and oil shale mines. The historical development of oil shale retort methods has been shown to have an impact on potential hazard. Sampling of discharge waters from the different mining activities, in conjunction with detailed mineralogical analysis and geochemical modelling at the four mine waste sites has characterised the main hazards. Ironstone and pyrite bearing coal mine wastes discharge waters with highly elevated Fe and sulphate concentrations, up to 160mgl-1 and 1900mgl-1 respectively, due to extensive pyrite oxidation and acid generating salt dissolution (principally jarosite). Coal mine wastes show variable mineralogy, due to the diverse nature of coal bearing strata, and discharge waters with variable chemistry. Oil Shale mine wastes are generally depleted in pyrite due to historic processing and discharge low sulphate waters with moderately elevated Fe concentrations, up to 5mgl-1. Flooded coal mines discharge sulphate dominant alkaline waters, due to the availability of carbonate minerals in the mine complex, with elevated Fe concentrations, up to 50mgl-1, while flooded oil shale mines discharge waters with moderately elevated Fe concentrations, up to 4mgl-1, due to lower pyrite content in mine strata and reduced availability of oxygen related to mine abandonment age. Once in the surface water environment iron and sulphate display significant concentration-flow dependence: iron increases at high flows due to the re-suspension of river bed iron precipitates (Fe(OH)3); sulphate concentrations decrease with increased flow as a result of dilution. Further examination of iron and sulphate loading at low flows indicates a close correlation of iron and sulphate with mined areas; cumulative low flow load calculations indicate that coal and oil shale mining regions contribute 0.21 and 0.31 g/s of iron, respectively, to the main Almond tributary. Decreases in iron loading on river sections demonstrate the deposition and diffuse storage of iron within the river channel. This river bed iron is re-suspended with increased flow resulting in significant transport of diffuse iron downstream with load values of up to 50 g/s iron. Based on this hazard classification, a catchment scale mine water hazard map has been developed. The map allows the prioritisation of actions for future mine water management.

<p>Certain types of waste, e.g. bottom ash originating from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI bottom ash) can be used as road construction materials. A potential problem is the possibility of substances leaching out of the road and spreading in the surrounding groundwater.</p><p>The aim of this master’s thesis is to conclude whether hydrogeological type settings can be employed to, based on local conditions, provide an estimate of the probable spreading of these substances in the surrounding groundwater, and whether certain types of soils can be identified as being less suitable for the localization of a MSWI bottom ash road. A hydrogeological type setting is defined as a mappable unit with similar hydrogeological properties. An advantage of this approach would be that mainly existing maps and surveys could form the basis for the assessment.</p><p>The work has been performed by placing a hypothetical road construction in different hydrogeological type settings. The expected patterns of spreading has then been evaluated using theoretical reasoning and analytical and numerical models.</p><p>The method can be used. In the report various type settings are defined. In several cases further information will be required to render possible a more exact estimate of the spreading. By locating the road on less permeable soils to reduce the local spreading of substances in groundwater, a greater proportion of the water will be drained as surface water. Thus it becomes important to take into account surface water transport aswell. In the report a procedure to estimate the maximum concentrations in groundwater at locations situated downstream the road is presented. This estimate could be used as basis for a more balanced valuation of appropriateness, e.g. by relating the estimated concentrations to background values.</p> / <p>Vissa typer av avfall, exempelvis slaggrus (sorterad bottenaska från avfallsförbränning), kan användas som vägbyggnadsmaterial. Ett potentiellt problem är möjligheten att ämnen lakas ut ur vägen och sprids i omgivande grundvatten.</p><p>Syftet med detta examensarbete är att avgöra om hydrogeologiska typmiljöer kan användas för att, utifrån omgivningens förutsättningar, ge en bild av hur den vidare spridningen av dessa ämnen i omgivande grundvatten sannolikt ser ut, och om vissa typer av mark kan pekas ut som mindre lämpade för lokalisering av en slaggrusväg. En hydrogeologisk typmiljö definieras som ett område möjligt att avgränsa med avseende på karakteristiska hydrogeologiska förhållanden. En fördel med angreppssättet skulle vara att underlagsmaterialet till bedömningen då kan utgöras av i huvudsak befintligt kartmaterial.</p><p>Studien har utförts genom att en hypotetisk vägkonstruktion placerats in i olika hydrogeologiska typmiljöer. De troliga spridningsscenarierna har sedan utvärderats genom teoretiska resonemang, samt genom användande av analytiska och numeriska modeller.</p><p>Metodiken går att använda och i rapporten definieras olika typmiljöer. I flera fall kommer platsspecifik kunskap behöva inhämtas för en närmare beskrivning av spridningsbilden. Genom placering av vägen på tätare mark för att minska lokal spridning av ämnen i grundvatten kommer en större andel av vattnet att avledas som ytvatten. Därmed blir det viktigt att även inhämta kunskap om transport med ytvatten. I rapporten presenteras också en metod för uppskattning av maximala halter i grundvatten nedströms en väg. Denna metod kan användas som underlag för en mer nyanserad värdering av lämplighet, genom att de uppskattade halterna relateras till bakgrundsvärden eller lämpliga riktvärden.</p>

The water quality is an essential abiotic factor of the environment, particularly for water-linked ecosystems. It also necessary for human society for which the absence of drinking water could have disastrous consequences. This diploma thesis is focused on small resources of groundwater located in the protected area Křivoklátsko - the springs and wells. A water from the monitored wells was subjected to basic physico-chemical analysis plus some of these wells were also tested for microbiological contamination. These results were presented against current legislation and were also compared with results from Tomáš Brabenec's bachelor thesis. Key words: Křivoklátsko, wells, springs, water quality

Introdução: A qualidade e quantidade das águas superficiais estão diretamente relacionadas com as atividades econômicas presentes nas bacias hidrográficas e seus níveis de preservação. O aumento no uso de agrotóxicos pode contribuir para a contaminação do solo e da água, sobretudo em bacias hidrográficas agrícolas. A prevenção da contaminação dos mananciais é essencial para garantir a qualidade da água e diminuir os riscos à saúde humana, para tanto é preciso identificar como o uso e a ocupação do solo impactam os recursos hídricos, sua qualidade e seu equilíbrio hidrológico. Objetivo: Caracterização ambiental de duas bacias de mananciais de abastecimento público de forma a identificar áreas vulneráveis quanto à contaminação de agrotóxicos. Método: Aplicação do modelo hidrológico SWAT para caracterização da bacia e para simulação do ciclo hidrológico. Divisão da bacia hidrográfica em subbacias de acordo com o predomínio da ocupação do solo. Trabalho de campo para identificação de fontes pontuais de contaminação. Resultados: Foi verificado o impacto do uso e ocupação do solo no balanço hídrico das bacias. O escoamento superficial foi um dos principais meios de contaminação dos corpos dágua e esteve relacionado a presença de vegetação. Áreas de maior preservação apresentaram menor escoamento superficial enquanto àquelas com predomínio de agricultura e de solo exposto apresentaram valores maiores. A partir desses dados foram identificadas as áreas prioritárias para melhor gestão do uso de agrotóxicos por apresentarem potencial de contaminação dos corpos dágua. Conclusão: O modelo SWAT e as ferramentas de geoprocessamento se mostraram adequadas para a caracterização do uso do solo e os resultados fornecem subsídios para melhoria das ações de vigilância da qualidade da água nos municípios / Introduction: The surface waters quality and quantity are directly related to the economic activities present in the river basins and their levels of preservation. The increase in the use of pesticides can contribute to the contamination of soil and water, especially in agricultural watersheds. Preventing the contamination of water sources is essential to guarantee water quality and reduce risks to human health. Therefore, it is necessary to identify how the land use impacts water resources, their quality and their hydrological balance. Objective: Environmental characterization of two watersheds of public supply sources in order to identify vulnerable areas for the contamination of pesticides. Method: Application of the SWAT hydrological model for basin characterization and simulation of the hydrological cycle. Division of watershed in subbasins according to the predominance of the land use. Fieldwork to identify point sources of contamination. Results: The impact of land use and occupation on the water balance of the watersheds was verified. Surface runoff was one of the main means of contamination of water bodies and was related to the presence of vegetation in the area. Areas of greater preservation presented lower surface runoff while those with predominance of agriculture and exposed soil showed higher values. Priority areas for better use of agrochemicals were identified because they present potential for contamination of water bodies. Conclusion: The SWAT model and spatial tools were adequate for the characterization of land use and the results provide subsidies for the improvement of water quality monitoring actions in municipalities

A importância dos agrotóxicos para o sistema de produção agrícola é indiscutível, uma vez que constituem parte dos insumos básicos. No entanto, é fundamental que sejam adequadamente utilizados para a preservação da qualidade não só do produto cultivado, mas também dos próprios recursos naturais, especialmente o solo e a água. Neste estudo, foi realizado o monitoramento dos agrotóxicos utilizados em lavouras irrigadas por pivô central, na microbacia do Tijunqueiro, município de Morrinhos, estado de Goiás, que apresentaram potencial de contaminação ambiental (critérios da Agência de Proteção Ambiental dos Estados Unidos EPA, índice GUS Groundwater Ubiquity Score, método GOSS e do Instituto Brasileiro de Recursos Naturais Renováveis e não Renováveis IBAMA) e sensíveis ao espectrômetro de massas (LC-MS/MS Cromatografia líquida acoplada ao espectrômetro de massas), no período entre fevereiro de 2009 e setembro de 2010, em amostras de águas superficial e subsuperficial, peixes e sedimentos. Os ingredientes ativos (agrotóxicos) monitorados foram: acefato, atrazina, azoxistrobina, buprofezina, carbofurano, ciproconazole, clorpirifós, difeconazole, diurom, imidacloprido, malationa, metamidofós, metolacloro, metribuzim, monocrotofós, monuron, tiametoxam e triazofós. Amostras de água superficial foram coletadas a montante e a jusante da represa do Tijunqueiro; água subsuperficial em poços piezométricos perfurados no entorno da área irrigada; peixes e sedimentos foram coletados na represa do Tijunqueiro. A técnica de extração em fase sólida (SPE) foi utilizada para extrair os ingredientes ativos das amostras de água, dispersão da matriz na fase sólida (DMFS) para as amostras de sedimentos e QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) para as amostras de peixes. Os métodos multiresíduos utilizados foram adequados e eficientes para a análise e quantificação por LC-MS/MS. Verificou-se que todas as curvas analíticas apresentaram coeficiente de correlação superior a 0,99 e as recuperações foram satisfatórias (70 % a 120 % de recuperação) para a maioria dos ingredientes ativos monitorados. Nas amostras de água superficial, peixe e sedimentos, não foram detectados resíduos dos ingredientes ativos monitorados e 25,7 % das amostras de água subsuperficiais apresentaram contaminação por atrazina / The importance of pesticides to the agricultural system production is indisputable, since they are part of the basics inputs, however, it is essential that they be used properly to be preserved not only the quality of the growing product, but also of their own natural resources, especially soil and water. In this study was conducted the pesticides monitoring used on crops irrigated with a central pivot in the Tijunqueiro watershed municipality of Morrinhos, state of Goias, who had potential for environmental contamination (criteria of the Environmental Protection Agency from the United States EPA, index of GUS - Groundwater Ubiquity Score, GOSS method and Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources IBAMA) and sensitive to the mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS Liquid Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer) on the period between February 2009 and September 2010, in samples of surface and groundwater, fish and sediment. The active ingredients (pesticides) monitored were acephate, atrazine, azoxistrobin, buprofezin, carbofuran, cyproconazol, chlorpyriphos, difenoconazol, diuron, imidacloprid, malathion, metamidophos, metolachlor, metribuzin, monocrotophos, monuron, thiamethoxan and triazophos. Surface water samples were collected upstream and downstream of the Tijunqueiro dam; groundwater in piezometric wells drilled around the irrigated area; fishes and sediments were collected in the Tijunqueiro dam, The solid phase extraction technique (SPE) was used to extract the analytes from water samples, dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) for the sediments samples and QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged) for the fishes samples. Multiresidue methods used in the study were adequate and efficient for the analysis and quantifications by LC-MS/MS. Was found that all the analytical curves showed correlation coefficients greater than 0,99 and the recoveries were satisfactory (70 % a 120 % of recovery) for most of the active ingredients studied. In the surface water samples, sediments and fish were not detected residues of the active ingredients monitored and 25.7 % groundwater samples showed atrazine contamination

The diploma thesis is focused on the issue of surface water pollution, which is one of the biggest problems of the contemporary world. The pollution of watercourses and reservoirs worsens the quality of aquatic ecosystems as well as ecosystems in their surroundings. The typical sources of surface water pollution include especially point sources (human settlements, industrial sites) and land resources (agriculture). While the point sources of pollution can be monitored, the situation is far more complicated for the field sources. In agricultural farming, the fertilizer residues, pesticides and other substances come into the groundwater and the surface water. The aim of this work is to find out the quality of surface water in the measuring profiles (river Malše), to find out the hydrological situation during the year and to evaluate the impact of chemical pollution sources influencing the quality of the surface water in the river basin.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-24T19:37:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Aparecida da Silva.pdf: 2399008 bytes, checksum: e786a3c1c65773bda5c870d3130afee1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-05 / Caffeine is suggested as a chemical indicator for the presence of domestic wastewater in freshwater systems, although it is not included in quality monitoring programs. Thus, it can be an excellent indicator of contaminant organic residues in urban streams frequently affected by sewage in Brazil. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of caffeine as an indicator of domestic sewage contamination in surface waters of the Pitangui River Basin, in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil. In the study, after the validation of the analytical methodology, a relationship was sought between caffeine in surface water and the effluent supply. Eight (8) surface water samples were collected in the Verde River, in the urban area (P1), upstream (P2) and downstream (P3) of the Sewage Treatment Station (STS), and two treated effluent samples of the STS. For the determination of caffeine, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used after solid phase extraction in C18/18 cartridges with extractor volume of 6ml. The physical-chemical evaluations of the surface samples showed a decline in the water quality after the STS treated effluent input, observed mainly through the concentrations of total phosphorus (PT) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) levels, above the established limits by legislation, after the effluent. Caffeine was quantified at points P2 and P3, with mean concentrations of 121,0 e 144,0 μg L-1. The results showed the relationship between the presence of caffeine and impaction by the inflow of raw sewage, or by the treated effluent from the STS. / A cafeína é sugerida como indicador químico para a presença de águas residuais domésticas em sistemas de água doce, embora não esteja incluída em programas de monitoramento da qualidade. Assim, pode ser um excelente indicador de resíduos orgânicos contaminantes em córregos urbanos frequentemente afetados por esgoto no Brasil. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a potencialidade da utilização da cafeína como indicador de contaminação por esgoto doméstico em águas superficiais da bacia do Bacia do Rio Pitangui, no município de Ponta Grossa, Paraná (Brasil). No estudo, após a validação da metodologia analítica, buscou-se uma relação entre a cafeína em águas superficiais e o aporte de efluente. Foram realizadas 8 (oito) coletas de águas superficiais no Rio Verde, sendo em área urbana (P1), a montante (P2) e a jusante (P3) da Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE), além de duas coletas de efluente tratado da ETE. Para a determinação da cafeína foi utilizada a Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE), após extração em fase sólida em cartuchos C18/18 com volume extrator de 6ml. As avaliações físico-químicas das amostras superficiais mostraram um declínio da qualidade da água após o aporte do efluente tratado da ETE, observado principalmente através das concentrações de fósforo total (PT) e dos níveis da Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio (DBO) acima dos limites estabelecidos pela legislação, após o aporte do efluente. A cafeína foi quantificada nos pontos P2 e P3, com concentrações médias de 121,0 e 144,0 μg L-1, respectivamente. Os resultados demonstraram a relação entre a presença da cafeína e a impactação pelo aporte de esgoto bruto, ou pelo efluente tratado da ETE.

Introdução: A qualidade e quantidade das águas superficiais estão diretamente relacionadas com as atividades econômicas presentes nas bacias hidrográficas e seus níveis de preservação. O aumento no uso de agrotóxicos pode contribuir para a contaminação do solo e da água, sobretudo em bacias hidrográficas agrícolas. A prevenção da contaminação dos mananciais é essencial para garantir a qualidade da água e diminuir os riscos à saúde humana, para tanto é preciso identificar como o uso e a ocupação do solo impactam os recursos hídricos, sua qualidade e seu equilíbrio hidrológico. Objetivo: Caracterização ambiental de duas bacias de mananciais de abastecimento público de forma a identificar áreas vulneráveis quanto à contaminação de agrotóxicos. Método: Aplicação do modelo hidrológico SWAT para caracterização da bacia e para simulação do ciclo hidrológico. Divisão da bacia hidrográfica em subbacias de acordo com o predomínio da ocupação do solo. Trabalho de campo para identificação de fontes pontuais de contaminação. Resultados: Foi verificado o impacto do uso e ocupação do solo no balanço hídrico das bacias. O escoamento superficial foi um dos principais meios de contaminação dos corpos dágua e esteve relacionado a presença de vegetação. Áreas de maior preservação apresentaram menor escoamento superficial enquanto àquelas com predomínio de agricultura e de solo exposto apresentaram valores maiores. A partir desses dados foram identificadas as áreas prioritárias para melhor gestão do uso de agrotóxicos por apresentarem potencial de contaminação dos corpos dágua. Conclusão: O modelo SWAT e as ferramentas de geoprocessamento se mostraram adequadas para a caracterização do uso do solo e os resultados fornecem subsídios para melhoria das ações de vigilância da qualidade da água nos municípios / Introduction: The surface waters quality and quantity are directly related to the economic activities present in the river basins and their levels of preservation. The increase in the use of pesticides can contribute to the contamination of soil and water, especially in agricultural watersheds. Preventing the contamination of water sources is essential to guarantee water quality and reduce risks to human health. Therefore, it is necessary to identify how the land use impacts water resources, their quality and their hydrological balance. Objective: Environmental characterization of two watersheds of public supply sources in order to identify vulnerable areas for the contamination of pesticides. Method: Application of the SWAT hydrological model for basin characterization and simulation of the hydrological cycle. Division of watershed in subbasins according to the predominance of the land use. Fieldwork to identify point sources of contamination. Results: The impact of land use and occupation on the water balance of the watersheds was verified. Surface runoff was one of the main means of contamination of water bodies and was related to the presence of vegetation in the area. Areas of greater preservation presented lower surface runoff while those with predominance of agriculture and exposed soil showed higher values. Priority areas for better use of agrochemicals were identified because they present potential for contamination of water bodies. Conclusion: The SWAT model and spatial tools were adequate for the characterization of land use and the results provide subsidies for the improvement of water quality monitoring actions in municipalities

Estudos de revisão sobre surtos associados à transmissão hídrica revelaram que os protozoários parasitas Cryptosporidium parvum e Giardia duodenalis (sinonímia: G. lamblia e G. intestinalis) são os principais responsáveis pelo maior número de casos registrados em todo o mundo. A contaminação das águas superficiais que servem ao abastecimento público por estes protozoários representa risco à saúde humana e animal, pois ambos parasitas apresentam resistência à cloração, processo convencional utilizado para desinfecção em Estações de Tratamento de Água (ETAs).Em vista desta lacuna, o presente estudo propõe identificar espécies e genótipos de Cryptosporidium e Giardia a partir de 128 amostras de águas superficiais de 11 mananciais do estado de São Paulo, de acordo com o Método 1623.1 (USEPA, 2012). Para identificar estes parasitas, foi realizada a recuperação dos (oo) cistos a partir de lâminas raspadas, seguindo o protocolo adaptado da USEPA, em seguida, utilizou-se o PCR em tempo real para identificar os genes 18S rRNA para Cryptosporidium e SSU para Giardia. Os resultados mostraram que a frequência de ocorrência desses protozoários nos pontos de captação foi de 29,7% para Giardia e 30,4% para Cryptosporidium. Os cistos estavam presentes em 10 dos 11 pontos de captação com frequências que variaram de 17 a 100%, e concentrações que variaram de <0,1 (Limite de Detecção=0,1) a 17,7 cistos /L, o que evidenciou a baixa qualidade dessas águas. Os oocistos ocorreram em uma frequência de 17 a 50% nas amostras positivas com concentrações que variaram de <0,1 a 11,5 oocistos/L. O ensaio de PCR em tempo real detectou um total de 81,4% (57/70) de amostras positivas para Cryptosporidium hominis-parvum-meleagridis e 21,4% (15/70) amostras positivas para Giardia duodenalis. A frequência de ocorrência desses agentes patogênicos e as altas concentrações de espécies antrópicas encontradas constituem um cenário de grande preocupação do ponto de vista da saúde pública, considerando-se que amostras foram coletadas dos locais de captação para o abastecimento público de água. / Review studies on waterborne outbreaks have been showing that Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis (synonym: G. lamblia and G. intestinalis) are the primarily responsible for the highest number of the cases recorded worldwide. Contamination of surface waters catchments by these protozoa is a risk factor to human health because both parasites are resistant to chlorination, which is a conventional process used for disinfection in water treatment plants (WTP). The present study aimed to identify species of Cryptosporidium and Giardia recovered from surface water catchment samples from 11 municipalities from the State of São Paulo, totalizing 128 samples. Quantification of both parasites was carried out according to method 1623.1 (USEPA, 2012). In order to identify parasites, the recovering of (oo)cysts from slides followed USEPA´s protocol by scraping slides, then Real Time PCR using the 18S rRNA genes for Cryptosporidium and SSU for Giardia were carried out. Results showed that the frequency of occurrence of these protozoa at the catchment points was 29,7% for Giardia and 30,4% for Cryptosporidium. Cysts were present in 10 of 11 catchments points with frequencies varying from 17 to 100% with concentrations ranging from <0.1 (Limit of Detection=0.1) to 17.7 cysts/L, which put in evidence the low quality of water. Oocysts occurred in a frequency from 17 to 50% in positive samples with concentrations ranging from <0.1 (LD) to 11.5 oocysts/L. The real-time PCR assay detected a total of 81.4% (57/70) of positive samples for Cryptosporidium hominisparvum- meleagridis and 21.4% (15/70) samples positive for Giardia duodenalis. The frequency of occurrence of these pathogens and the high concentrations of anthropic species found is a concerning scenario for human health, considering samples have been collected from catchment sites for public water supply.

Decision makers' conflicts about the validity of a single simulation model and inefficiencies of existing response matrix methods (RMM) hinder adopting successful groundwater management plans. We speed up the process by proposing a hybrid RMM that is most efficient for situations in which optimizable stimuli can vary through consecutive periods of uniform duration interspersed with periods of different duration. We use the hybrid RMM within Simulation-Optimization (S-O) models to develop optimal water management strategies. For the tested problems, the hybrid RMM requires as much or 63-89% less computation time than other RMMs. Second, we propose Multi-Conceptual Model Optimization (MCMO) that can help stakeholders reach a compromise strategy instead of agreeing on the validity of a single model. MCMO computes optimal strategies that simultaneously satisfy analogous constraints and bounds in multiple numerical models differing by more than parameter values. Applying MCMO to Cache Valley (Utah, USA) reveals that protecting local ecosystem limits the increased groundwater pumping to satisfy only 40% of projected water demand increase using two models. To successfully and sustainably manage Cache Valley aquifer, we evaluate sustained yield strategies (SYS) and quantify the resilience of a computed SYS. We maximize the number of new residents who can have their indoor and outdoor uses satisfied, subject to constraints on aquifer-surface waters conditions, and limiting new residents to projected increases in population (PIiP). furthermore, we examine the effect of optimization approach and sequiencing, temporally-lagged spatially distributed return flow that is a function of optimal groundwater use, and the acceptability time evaluation on the optimal yield strategy. Cache Valley aquifer can sustainably satisfy the outdoor water demand of 74%-83% and the indoor water demand of 83%-100% of the PIiP. We quantify deterministic resilience Rd(A,T,SV)=P to evaluate how completely an aquifer condition (SV) recovers after the end of climatic anomaly (A), by recovery time (T). Simulation predicts that Cache Valley aquifer system resiliences to a 2-year drought are Rd(2YD, 3 yrs, Overall) = 93% and Rd (2YD,≥8,Overall) ≥ 95%. Proportionally reducing pumping rates by 25% through the time horizon of the simulation increases the overall resilience to 96% within 3 years.