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1	Permeability of POPC bilayer by dirhodium complexes Sears, Randy Bryan 10 December 2007 (has links) No description available. Chemistry, Inorganic Dirhodium complexes Membrane Permeability Photodynamic Therapy SYBR Green I
2	Extraction, concentration and detection of metallic pollutants in environmental samples: (1) silver nanoparticles; (2) mercury ion Wu, Zong-Han 09 July 2011 (has links) I. Combined cloud point extraction and Tween 20-stabilized gold nanoparticles for colorimetric assay of silver nanoparticles in environmental water This study investigated a simple, sensitive and selective method for the colorimetric assay of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Triton X-114-based cloud point extraction (CPE) as a preconcentration step and Tween 20-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Tween-AuNPs) as a colorimetric probe. After heating beyond the cloud point temperature of Triton X-114, a solution containing Triton X-114 micelles and AgNPs separated into a surfactant-rich phase (small volume) and a dilute aqueous phase. AgNPs partitioned into a Triton X-114-rich phase through a hydrophobic interaction between Triton X-114 micelles and AgNPs. After phase separation, the concentrated AgNPs oxidized to form Ag+ upon adding H2O2. The generated Ag+ triggered the aggregation of Tween 20-AuNPs in a high-ionic-strength solution because the reduction of Ag+ on the AuNP surface enabled Tween 20 (stabilizer) to be removed from the NP surface. The efficiency of Triton X-114-based CPE of the AgNPs was found to be iv insensitive to their size and coating type. Under optimal extraction and detection conditions, the selectivity of this method for AgNPs was considerably higher than for other nanomaterials. The minimum detectable concentrations for 7, 22, and 54 nm AgNPs were measured to be 0.1, 420, and 600 ng/mL, respectively. This method was successfully applied to the analysis of 7 nm AgNPs in drinking water, tap water and seawater. Keyword: silver nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, cloud point extraction, Tween-20, colorimetric assay II. Functionalized silver nanoparticles as an extracting and preconcentrating agent for detection of mercury ions In this research we provided highly sensitive and selective for fluorescence assay of combined polythymine oligonucleotide (PolyT) with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as an extracting agent to detect mercury ion in environmental water. According to previous researches, PolyT will form a hairpin structure in the presence of Hg2+, this structure provide several 3-D grooves that the fluorescent dye can inlay with it. SYBR Green I (SG) is a staining dye for DNA, when binding with single strand DNA, it shows low fluorescence. On the contrast, SG inlay with grooves of hairpin structure, it shows v 11-fold of fluorescence signal. Hence, we used SG as a fluorescence probe for Hg2+. We modified thiol group at the 5¡¦ of PolyT DNA, because of forming silver sulfur bond, PolyT will able to modified on the surface of AgNPs. PolyT33SH-AgNPs are the extracting and concentrating agent in Hg2+ solution, by the centrifugation, we collected the PolyT33SH-AgNPs. For the purpose of releasing PolyT from AgNPs¡¦ surface, we adding H2O2 to oxidize the AgNPs into Ag+. By mixing buffer and SG into previous solution, mercury ion could be detected. In this study, we successfully detecting Hg2+ in the aqueous solution contained drinking water and tap water. The detection limit in drinking water is 20 pM, which is below Environmental Protection Agency limit for Hg2+ in drinkable water (10 nM), the linear range is from 50-600 pM. On the other hand, the detection limit in tap water is 50 pM, linear range is from 100-700 pM. Keyword: silver nanoparticles, mercury ion, PolyT, SYBR Green I, thymine silver nanoparticles SYBR Green I thymine colorimetric PolyT cloud point extraction mercury ion gold nanoparticles Tween-20
3	Identification of potential lead antimalarial compounds from marine microbial extracts Carbonell, Abigail 01 January 2013 (has links) Malaria, caused by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, has a long history as a global health threat. The vector-borne disease causes millions of deaths yearly, especially in developing countries with tropical climates that facilitate transmission. Compounding the problem is the emergence of drug-resistant strains due to overuse of outdated treatments. New compounds with antiplasmodial activity are needed to be developed as effective drugs against malaria. The hypothesis for this project is that marine microorganisms have a high likelihood of yielding novel antiplasmodial chemotypes because of their high diversity, which has not yet been explored for antimalarial development. In this project, microbes harvested and fermented by the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute in Fort Pierce, Florida were explored as sources for antiplasmodial natural products. Using a SYBR Green I fluorescence-based assay, 1,000 microbial extracts were screened for inhibition of the multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain Dd2. Dose-response analysis was performed on 46 fractions from isolates whose extracts demonstrated greater-than or equal to] 70% inhibition of Dd2 at 1 micro]g/mL. To evaluate cytotoxicity, the MTS cell viability assay was used to calculate IC50 of extracts from active isolates in NIH/3T3 embryonic mouse fibroblasts. Several extracts demonstrated low IC50 in Dd2 and high IC50 in 3T3, suggesting that they contain potential lead antimalarial compounds. Extracts with high selectivity indices (potent plasmodial inhibition with low mammalian toxicity) have been prioritized for dereplication, with the goal of identifying novel active components that can be developed as antimalarial drugs. Microbiology Molecular Biology
4	Desenvolvimento da técnica de RT-PCR em tempo real para detecção e diferenciação de estirpes do vírus da bronquite infecciosa das galinhas Okino, Cintia Hiromi [UNESP] 26 February 2007 (has links) (PDF) Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:57:05Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 okino_ch_me_jabo.pdf: 1181305 bytes, checksum: cf91a5205aface873e536d06ccd0eb78 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A bronquite infecciosa das galinhas (BIG) é uma doença infecciosa que está amplamente disseminada entre as criações avícolas brasileiras e é uma das enfermidades virais que mais têm causado perdas econômicas na atualidade. Portanto, a rápida detecção e identificação do agente causal são imprescindíveis para que medidas eficazes de controle sejam prontamente tomadas. Para tanto, é necessário que os métodos de diagnóstico empregados sejam sensíveis, específicos, rápidos e também de baixo custo. Nesse contexto, a técnica de RTPCR em tempo real abordada no presente estudo permitiu a amplificação de duas regiões de hipervariabilidade do gene S1 de 17 estirpes diferentes do vírus da BIG (VBI), que foram testadas, mas não foi capaz de amplificar nenhum dos RNAvírus heterólogos analisados (vírus da doença de Newcastle, pneumovírus aviário e vírus da doença de Gumboro). Com essa mesma técnica foi possível fazer a diferenciação em grupos geneticamente distintos, de estirpes do VBI através de análises das curvas de dissociação de fragmentos amplificados a partir das regiões de hipervariabilidade gênica I e II do gene S1. A RT-PCR em tempo real desenvolvida apresentou maior sensibilidade na detecção do VBI em amostras teciduais, quando comparada à técnica padrão de Isolamento Viral em ovos embrionados de galinha... / The avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an infectious disease widely spread in Brazilian commercial poultries where causes significant economical losses. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of the IBV strain involved in a field outbreak is necessary to establish an effective control of this disease. The real-time RT-PCR performed in this study to amplify two hypervariable regions of S1 gene, was able to detect 17 IBV strains, e.g., nine reference strains (including Massachussets, Connecticut, JMK, SE 17 and Iowa serotypes) and eight Brazilian field isolates, whilst non-related avian viral pathogens such as Newcastle disease virus, Avian Pneumovirus and Gumboro disease virus were not detected. The differentiation between IBV strains was accomplished using the melting curve analysis of the amplified fragments corresponding to the hypervariable regions I and II of S1 gene. The real-time RT-PCR developed here showed a higher rate of IBV detection in tissue samples of experimentally infected chickens, when compared to the goldstandard technique of Viral Isolation in embryonated chicken eggs, and the same rate of detection was found for the conventional RT-PCR... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below) Ave domestica - Doenças - Diagnóstico Bronquite infecciosa em ave domestica Virologia veterinaria Patologia aviária PCR em tempo real SYBR Green I Avian infectious bronchitis Real time PCR Avian Pathology Virology Diagnostic
5	Darstellung und Verwendung von Nucleolipiden zur Lipophilisierung von Nucleinsäuren sowie deren Wechselwirkung und Duplex-Bildung an horizontalen Lipid-Bilayers und Phasengrenzen zur Entwicklung einer neuartigen RNA/DNA-Analytik / Synthesis and Application of Nucleolipids for the Lipophilization of Nucleic Acids and Their Interaction and Duplex Formation at Horizontal Lipid-Bilayers and Phase Boundaries for the Development of a Novel RNA/DNA Analytics Werz, Emma 17 February 2016 (has links) Ziel der vorgestellten Arbeit war die Synthese von Nucleolipiden zur Lipophilisierung von Oligonucleotiden sowie deren Untersuchung im Hinblick auf ihre Wechselwirkung und Duplex-Bildung an horizontalen Lipidmembranen und verschiedenen Phasengrenzen zur Entwicklung eines neuartigen Bio-Chips für die RNA/DNA-Analyse. Mit der Synthese N(3)-prenylierter und 2’,3’-O-ketalisierter Pyrimidinbasen Uridin und Methyluridin wurden Nucleolipid-Bausteine dargestellt, die auch als terminale Kopfgruppen eines Oligonucleotid-Dodecamers den lipophilen Charakter dieser Oligonucleotid-Sequenz erhöhten. Für den Einsatz solcher LONs (Lipo-Oligonucleotide) in einer vereinfachten RNA/DNA-Analytik wurde eine Vielzahl von Lipo-Oligonucleotiden mit diversen Nucleolipid-Kopfgruppen synthetisiert und auf ihr Einlagerungsverhalten in künstliche Lipid-Bilayer untersucht. Fluoreszenz-spektroskopische Untersuchungen zeigten, dass alle Lipo-Oligonucleotide in der Lage sind, sich in künstliche Lipid-Bilayer einzulagern. Abhängig von der Struktur, der Länge und der Anzahl der C-Atom-Ketten dieser lipophilen Anker-Bausteine wurden die Geschwindigkeit und die Festigkeit der Verankerung im Lipid-Bilayer beeinflusst. Des Weiteren wurde die Hybridisierung von LONs mit komplementären Oligomeren an Lipidmembranen untersucht. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die im Bilayer verankerten Lipo-Oligonucleotide mit komplementären Oligomeren DNA-Duplexe bilden. Die hybridisierte DNA wurde nicht nur über einen kovalent gebundenen Cy5-Fluorophor am Gegenstrang nachgewiesen, sondern auch über den DNA-Interkalator SYBR Green I (SG). Am Beispiel von zwei Lipo-Oligonucleotiden (LON 20 und 23), die sich schnell und fest in der Bilayermembran verankern, konnte eine spontane Akkumulation dieser LONs an CHCl3/H2O sowie H2O/n-Decan Grenzflächen direkt nach der Probenzugabe beobachtet werden. Diese und andere Ergebnisse stützen den Einsatz von Lipo-Oligonucleotiden als Ziel-Oligomere in einem neuartigen RNA/DNA-Nachweisverfahren an Phasengrenzen. Lipid-Bilayer FCS Lipo-Oligonucleotide Fluoreszenz lipophilisierte DNA Akkumulation Phasengrenzen Diffusionskoeffizient Nucleolipide SYBR Green I Lipophilie DNA-Duplex Diffusionszeit DNA-Interkalator Cy5 DNA-Duplex-Bildung DNA duplex formation Alkylierung 2`,3`-O-Ketale Farnesyl LONs lipid-bilayer FCS lipo-oligonucleotides fluorescence lipophilized DNA accumulation phase boundaries diffusion coefficient nucleolipids SYBR Green I lipophilicity DNA duplex diffusion time DNA intercalator Cy5 alkylation 2`,3`-O-ketals farnesyl LONs 35.78 - Lipide 42.12 - Biophysik 35.65 - Nukleinsäuren 35.66 - Terpene, Steroide, Alkaloide ddc:540 ddc:570

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