Thesis (MEdPsych)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ball State University, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Nov. 12, 2009). "July 16, 2008." Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-152).

Thesis (M. Ed.(Opvoedkundige sielkunde))-University of Pretoria, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.

This study investigated the impact that sandplay therapy sessions had on Mexican farmworker women's mental health status and resilience attitudes. The participants of this study were 40 women who were born in various states in Mexico and presently reside in rural Central Florida. Twenty women participated in the control group and twenty women participated in the treatment group. The impact sandplay therapy has on participants' mental health status was measured by Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45), which assesses progress in therapy; and Resiliency Attitudes Scale (R.A.S.), which determines resiliency attitudes. The study also includes twenty participants' transcriptions of their individual sessions to illustrate the experiences of Mexican farmworker women with sandplay therapy. Pre and post-tests revealed a significant impact on mental health status and resiliency attitudes on the treatment group. In addition, participants also reported their own conceptualization of resilience that points to the integration of social networks, community resilience, solidarity, and hope.

Access to abstract permanently restricted to Ball State community only / Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

M.Ed. / This study looked at the experiences of School Counsellors while using sand tray techniques to assist learners with emotional and behavioural problems. A phenomenological design with a social constructivist perspective was used to conduct this study. A qualitative approach was used and aimed to look at 12 school counsellors (the study participants) experiences when using sand tray techniques with 37 primary school learners between the ages of 6 and 14 years, who have emotional and behavioural problems in the northern suburbs of Johannesburg. The data was collected by means of individual interviews, a focus group interview and observations. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase the school counsellors experience was collected, recorded and analysed. In the second phase the data from phase one was used to design a manual for school counsellors using sand tray techniques to assist learners who have emotional and behavioural problems. Content analysis was used in order to collect data which was sorted into codes, categories and themes, which developed a description of the experience of school counsellors. The themes that emerged were the school counsellors' personal experience, the school counsellors' experience with the learners, the sand and sand trays, sand tray symbols, administrative aspects, and diversity of learners' problems, therapeutic approaches, symbols, cultural orientations, socio economic status, language barriers and the stages of the sand tray process. The finding indicated that future school counsellors would benefit from a manual to assist them when using sand tray techniques with learners who have emotional and behavioural problems. As such a manual was designed based on the findings of the study

The purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which a rural school youth indicates trauma in a single sand tray scene. An empirical study of limited extent, which was conducted from the interpretivistic paradigm and qualitative by nature, was undertaken. A clinical case study was utilised as research design and document analysis was employed as data collection method. The case record of a Grade 9 learner with a complex trauma history, who attended a secondary school in a low-resourced community in Mpumalanga, was selected as the principal participant in the study. Sandplay assessment, trauma indicators and rural youths were the main concepts guiding the study. The findings of the empirical study were, firstly, that the ways a rural school youth indicated trauma in a single sand tray scene corresponded with trauma indications in Sandplay literature, of which, secondly, scenes appearing hostile, sexualised, bounded-off, rigid, obstructed or empty and devoid of life (e.g. people, vegetation) and scenery were examples. This reflected the universal dynamism of trauma. Another finding was that the utility of a single sand tray scene as a screening tool for trauma with a rural school youth was high and valuable as it identified different types of trauma and trauma-related suffering (symptoms). / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Educational Psychology / MEd / Unrestricted

This single case study provides a detailed description of a 7-year-old sexually abused child's sandplay, describes prominent themes in the child's sandplay, and concurrent family transitions and events. Included are reflections and meanings that the therapist attributed to the sandplay. Child-centered play therapy was the guiding theory for the therapy. Thirty-six consecutive therapy sessions are examined in this study. The therapy sessions were divided into three phases that were tied to significant life events and changes in the sandplay content and process, along with the therapist-child interactions were explored in each of the phases. There were many significant changes in the content and process of the child's play. He went from primarily using nonliving miniatures to using primarily living miniatures in his sand worlds. Specifically, the use of people and animals increased in his third phase sandplays. The categories of miniatures the child used also increased from one predominant category in the first phase to four or more miniature categories in the third phase. The child's sandplay moved from primarily static play to increasingly dynamic play. Changes in the child's play are linked to changes in his living environment. / Master of Science

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Reinalda Melo da Matta.pdf: 2727327 bytes, checksum: fed10de0ad535e0fd838b8f2000ee230 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study sets out to present research on the effect of Sandplay Therapy (TS) on the treatment of children suffering from trauma caused by abuse, neglect and abandonment. The research was carried out on 60 children living in childcare facilities in four cities in the State of São Paulo, both boys and girls aged from six years and six months to ten years. All the children within this age bracket were tested with the CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18). Those who presented clinical and/or borderline symptoms related to internalizing factors (anxiety, depression, withdrawn and somatic complaints) and/or externalizing factors such as breaking rules and aggressive behavior, as well as total problems, were selected for this survey. The participants were tested in three different moments: T0 (before any intervention), T1 (20 sessions/weeks after T0) and T2 (six months after T1), with the following instruments: WISC-III (2002), the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (cubes and vocabulary sub-tests) and the AUQEI test (a questionnaire to evaluate life quality in children and adolescents). The children were organised into three groups: an experimental group (EG, which received the ST), a control group (CG, the waiting list) and a placebo group (PG, which received placebo therapy). New evaluations using the same instruments were carried out as follows: in the EG after 20 weekly sessions with TS (T1) and six months after T1 (T2); in the PG and CG after 20 weekly sessions/weeks (T1). There was no T2 in the PG and CG. Results of the intervention with ST showed that children in the EG presented statistically significant improvement as regards symptoms related to internalizing, externalizing factors and total problems. This change prevailed six months after the therapy was concluded. In the CG improvement in externalizing factors was obtained in the aggressive behavior scale in T1. However, the EG presented a higher average of improvement in relation to CG in this scale.We observed that research participants expressed their aggressiveness and explosive emotions through ST.It was also found that the therapeutic process revealed not only the psychopathological dynamics, but also the children s potentiality and capacities. Building scenarios led to greater adaptability to the difficult circumstances faced by the participants. Miniatures, with their symbolic potential, and playing with sand facilitated connecting and integrating with unconscious aspects that were repressed and defensive as a result of traumatic experiences. Symbolic playing in a free and protected space favored creativity and imagination, as well as the expression of traumatic narratives. Results from T1 and T2 showed significantly reduced clinical symptoms and pathological forms of behavior / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar o efeito da Terapia do Sandplay (TS) no tratamento de crianças vítimas de trauma por abuso, negligência e abandono. A pesquisa foi realizada com 60 crianças que viviam em instituições de acolhimento em quatro cidades do Estado de São Paulo, com idades entre seis anos e seis meses a 10 anos, de ambos os sexos. Todas as crianças dentro desses critérios foram testadas pelo instrumento CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18). Aquelas que apresentavam sintomas clínicos e/ou limítrofes relacionados a fatores internalizantes (ansiedade, depressão, retraimento e queixas somáticas) e/ou externalizantes (violação de regras e comportamento agressivo) e Total de Problemas foram selecionadas para esta pesquisa. As crianças foram divididas em três grupos: grupo experimental (GE), que recebeu a TS em 20 sessões semanais); grupo de controle (GC), lista de espera em 20 semanas e grupo placebo (GP), que recebeu terapia placebo em 20 sessões semanais. Os participantes foram testados em três momentos: T0 (antes da intervenção), T1 (20 sessões e/ou 20 semanas) e T2 (apenas para o GE, seis meses após o tratamento), por meio da utilização dos seguintes instrumentos: CBCL/6-18, WISC-III (2002), Escala de Inteligência Wechsler para Crianças (subtestes Cubos e Vocabulário) e AUQEI (Questionário de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida em Crianças e Adolescentes). Os resultados da intervenção com a TS demonstraram que as crianças do GE apresentaram melhoras estatisticamente significativas, nos sintomas ligados aos fatores internalizantes, externalizantes e Total de Problemas. Essa mudança permaneceu após seis meses do término da terapia. No GC houve mudança significativa em relação aos fatores externalizantes, no entanto esta foi menor que no GE. O GE também apresentou melhoras significativas em relação aos dois grupos. Em T1 o GE apresentou melhoras no WISC vocabulário e em T2 no WISC Cubos. Não houve alteração no teste de qualidade de vida AUQEI que apresentou avaliação de boa qualidade de vida já em T0. Pudemos observar que, por meio da TS, os participantes desta pesquisa expressaram sua agressividade e emoções explosivas. As miniaturas, com seu potencial simbólico, e o brincar na areia facilitaram a conexão e a integração com aspectos inconscientes, reprimidos e defensivos, devido a vivências traumáticas. O brincar simbólico no espaço livre e protegido favoreceu a criatividade e imaginação, assim como a expressão de conteúdos traumáticos

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ReinaldaMattaTese.pdf: 1552343 bytes, checksum: b5d084414ecef35f5c6ce62cf0148cdd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this study is to present the results from using sandplay therapy to treat three children between the ages of 6 and 9, who received a psychiatric diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder. This psychopathology occurs both in children and in adults. Both present the same symptoms, with the majority of adults diagnosed with this disorder suffering from these symptoms since childhood. Diagnosing this disorder and psychotherapeutic treatment at an early stage are very important, since it is possible that early treatment could prevent the symptoms from becoming worse during adulthood. A review of the literature on the psychotherapeutic treatment of children with this disorder identified that the psychological technique most frequently used has been Cognitive-Behavioral therapy. However, some studies have identified that there is a low adherence by children receiving this treatment. This resistance occurs due to the use of some techniques that include repetitive exercises, which are often monotonous and also having to note daily tasks, which, for some children, is difficult to perform. Few case studies were identified based on other psychological approaches. No reference was found in analytical psychology and Sandplay therapy for treating children with this disorder. Therefore, this research is the first study to apply Sandplay therapy for such cases. This research was developed using a qualitative-quantitative method, which enabled a qualitative analysis of the verbal expressions and images of each scenario to be made, followed by a quantitative analysis of these data. The therapeutic process was divided into three periods: start, middle and end. An evolutionary line was drawn of the process from the moment the first scenario was made by each subject, and a comparison was made between the three subjects. A comparison between the three cases provides evidence of how the analytic process together with sandplay therapy enables development of consciousness from a more primitive state of identity: the expression and use of symbols; the transformation of defense mechanisms and strengthening of the ego. The psychological structure of each child was transformed and at the end of the psychotherapeutic process there was a remission in their symptoms and they were no longer receiving pharmacological treatment / Este estudo apresentado tem por objetivo observar os resultados da Terapia do Sandplay (TS) no tratamento de três crianças, entre 6 e 9 anos de idade, com diagnóstico psiquiátrico de Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo (TOC). Trata-se de uma psicopatologia que ocorre tanto em crianças quanto em adultos, com o mesmo quadro sintomático, sendo que a maioria de adultos com esse transtorno já manifestava sintomas na infância. A realização do diagnóstico e de tratamento psicoterapêutico durante esta fase são de grande importância, pela possibilidade de um tratamento na infância evitar que os sintomas se agravem na idade adulta. A revisão de literatura a respeito do tratamento psicoterápico em crianças com esse transtorno revela que a técnica psicológica mais utilizada é a terapia Cognitiva-Comportamental (TCC). Entretanto, alguns estudos apontam que, no tratamento de crianças, existe uma baixa aderência. A resistência ocorre devido ao uso de algumas técnicas que incluem exercícios repetitivos, muitas vezes monótonos, e a anotação das tarefas diárias, que algumas apresentam dificuldades em executar. Nas outras abordagens psicológicas, poucos estudos de caso foram encontrados. Na psicologia analítica e na TS, nenhuma referência foi encontrada no tratamento de crianças. Portanto, o presente trabalho é uma primeira experiência em aplicar a TS. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida com o método qualitativo-quantitativo, que permitiu análise qualitativa das expressões verbais e imagéticas de cada cenário e, em seguida, quantitativa destes mesmos dados. O processo terapêutico foi dividido em três momentos: início, meio e fim. A partir do primeiro cenário de cada sujeito, foi traçada uma linha evolutiva do seu processo e uma comparação entre os três sujeitos. A confrontação entre os três casos evidencia como o processo analítico em conjunto com a TS propiciou o desenvolvimento da consciência, a partir de um estado mais primitivo de identidade: a expressão e utilização dos símbolos; a transformação dos mecanismos de defesa e o fortalecimento do ego. Observou-se que a estrutura psicológica das crianças foi transformada e, ao final do processo psicoterapêutico, elas obtiveram a remissão de seus sintomas e se encontram sem tratamento farmacológico