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Pan Africanism is strategy that emerges through a history of surviving oppression, methodology to understand thought and action, and theory that tests findings against sociopolitical context. History, methodology and theory are used to develop the historical trajectory that responds to invasion, slavery, colonization and neocolonialism in Belize. As such, three manuscripts are offered to outline the historical narrative of Belizean Pan Africanism, autoethnographic insights for the study of Pan Africanism, and the sociopolitical context that contemporary Pan Africanism in Belize rises out of. Kurt Young defines Pan-Africanism as: "a fusing of affirmations of African identity with libratory efforts at the level of the masses (2009:7). The study and practice of Pan Africanism should therefore aligned in objectives and strategy to interrupt oppressive conditions that impact communities within the African Diaspora. This project, therefore, operationalizes scholar-activism in history, method and theory to outline strategic action and collective subversion as Pan Africanist Praxis in Belize. / Doctor of Philosophy / White Colonizers invaded the shores of Africa, dislocating a people from their legacy and heritage. However, a strategy was formed to create a new legacy and heritage that broke the bondage of White supremacy that trapped Black bodies. From the enslaved that ran to forge a new path for their people, to those that shed blood for freedom, Pan Africanism has been a strategy that has incorporated thoughts of freedom into escape plans. This study builds a historical timeline for Pan Africanism in Belize, methodology for the study of Pan Africanism and an academic exploration of contemporary Pan Africanism in Belize. Pan Africanism as history, method and contemporary theory add to the body of knowledge by inserting Belize at the center of Pan Africanist theory and practice. The study and practice of Pan Africanism is aligned in objectives and strategy to interrupt historical and contemporary conditions that impact communities within the African Diaspora. This project, therefore, operationalizes scholar-activism in history, method and theory to outline strategic action and collective subversion as Pan-Africanist Praxis in Belize.

When the Astor Court / Ming Room was built at Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York in 1980, it attracted visitors from all over the world. Replicating the Master of Nets Garden, added in UNESCO World Heritage List in 1997, it was constructed in China, and shipped and assembled here. This first exported garden of the Peony Court is the only part of the garden suitable for the second floor site's limited load capacity. Standing in the Astor Court enclosed with twenty foot high walls around it and under the glass skylight, there's something missing of the natural condition; that is, the weathering test of rain and wind. Standing in the original garden, especially during the rain, there's a better understanding of the architecture. For example, the Cold Spring Pavilion has a soaring roof as an attractive feature and while people sketch from various corners, no one gets inside this half pavilion to sit. In the original garden, the Cold Spring Pavilion was placed as a spot to view a rainwater detail intricately designed. This detail reflects the water principles of Chinese garden design with the wholesome idea of respecting water and thus treating it with grace. This detail transforms the stain of weathering into a graceful architectural detail embracing the aesthetics of rainwater in 18th century Chinese culture. This thesis tells the story of a series of intimate rainwater details in the Master of Nets Garden in Suzhou, China, known as the oriental Venice, where water is the essence of the culture. Originally built in 1174, re-built in 1765, it was last renovated in 1958 after it was donated to the government in 1950. It has withstood years of vicissitude. This paper argues for a connection between understanding rain and architectural design including aspects of space, material, technology, tectonic detail, aesthetic idea and the cultural meaning of rain. The ideology of rain as one aspect of Neo-Confucianism "Views of Nature of China" developed by Zhu Xi (Chu Hsi) (1130-1200) has continued to influence Chinese philosophy. Research included critical readings of the garden literature, 12th century Chinese philosophy, and garden poems and paintings of the time. The essay includes an abbreviated garden history with an overview of architectural detailing for rain in Eastern and Western architecture from ancient times until today. An analysis of ancient Chinese characters for rain and garden are noted as a reflection of cultural ideas. Discussions with peer researchers, an architect practicing in Suzhou today, a Suzhou garden photographer and the Mayor of Suzhou support this research. By examine every single drop of water along this fascinating series of details, missing in the Astor Court, this particular case study shows the presence of rainwater moving with the path we take from building to building in the garden, as a look back to nature. If we design a sensitive path based on understanding the fundamentals of nature, it will give us pleasure. / Master of Science

Die Erinnerungskultur schlägt um in Erinnerungskult. wenn das, was über alle Konstruktionsabsicht hinaus sich zum Wissensschatz angehäuft hat, als geplantes Produkt von Strategien, Methoden und Techniken erscheint: Unsere eigene Meisterschaft wird in die Vergangenheit projiziert. Indem wir die Gelehrten des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts zu unseren Kollegen machen und sie in ehemaliger Lebendigkeit auferstehen lassen, unterlaufen wir das Vergessen, das sie ereilt hat, und erhoffen ein ähnliches Schicksal für uns selbst. Aber ist die Gelehrtengeschichte heute nicht im gleichen Maße Rettung eines Vergessenen wie Nachahmung desselben?

L’objet de cette thèse est d’explorer le phénomène de l’ennui, en le définissant et en observant son utilisation en contexte scolaire, par l’intermédiaire de la théorie des représentations sociales. En le considérant comme un thêma, producteur de thèmes et de discours, nous en avons dégagé une structure binaire, permettant de justifier les écarts à la norme. Trois études traitent des manifestations de l’ennui chez le corps enseignant, et chez les élèves, mettant à l’épreuve cette structure, et attestant de la significativité de ce phénomène dans le champ scolaire, comme système d’explication, de désengagement et de différenciation. En s’appuyant sur différents contextes et positions scolaires (réussite vs échec ; garçon vs fille), nous avons mesuré dans une troisième étude auprès de Professeur-e-s des Ecoles, ce qu’induit l’ennui dans un relevé de notes, en termes de traits personnologisants, ainsi que les conséquences pédagogiques et didactiques. En complétant pas des données empiriques, ces recherches mettent en évidence une utilisation stratégique de l’ennui comme thêma, permettant de justifier des situations opposées, en proposant un système d’explication en adéquation avec les idéologies dominantes. / The aim of this work is to investigate the phenomenon of boredom, by a definition and an observation of its use in the scholar context, thanks to the social representations theory. Boredom as a thêma produces themes and speeches. We bring brought out a binary structure, allowing us to justifying departures from norms. Three studies deal with teachers and pupils‘s boredom demonstrations, testing this structure and attesting its significance in the scholar context, as an explicative, disengagemental, and differentiation system. Through different scholar contexts and positions (success vs failure and boy vs girl), we assess mesured on a third study nearby primary school teachers, the effects of boredom mentioned on a report card, on personal trait terms, and pedagogical and didactical consequences. We completed our work with empirical data, to emphasize a strategic use of boredom as a thêma, justifying opposed contexts, and offering an explicative system adequate with the dominant ideologies.

O objetivo desta pesquisa histórica foi investigar as festas escolares e o seu papel no processo de constituição de um sistema público e estatal de ensino, bem como a sua contribuição para a disseminação de um ideal de escola e de sociedade republicana, no período compreendido entre 1890-1930. O termo cultura escolar constitui-se em um conceito nuclear para o desenvolvimento da investigação acerca das festas escolares, já que essas podem ser concebidas como um dos aspectos que integraram e ainda integram a cultura da escola. O conceito cultura escolar foi utilizado segundo a concepção engendrada por Dominique Julia (2001, p. 10) como um conjunto de normas que definem conhecimentos a ensinar e condutas a inculcar, e um conjunto de práticas que permitem a transmissão desses conhecimentos e incorporação desses comportamentos; normas e práticas coordenadas a finalidades que podem variar segundo as épocas (finalidades religiosas, sociopolíticas ou simplesmente de socialização). As festas escolares expressaram de forma exemplar a cultura escolar do período em questão, pois ao mesmo tempo em que eram constituídas por normas, estabelecidas externamente pelos governantes que determinavam legalmente os dias a serem comemorados e um padrão de festa a ser seguido de forma a garantir o ensinamento de determinadas condutas e conhecimentos, eram também compostas por práticas coordenadas com finalidades educativas e expressivas da escola. Outros autores como André Chervel (1990), Viñao Frago (1996), estudiosos da cultura escolar, também foram utilizados para a fundamentação teórica do estudo. O corpus documental a partir do qual se realizou o estudo foi composto de textos de revistas pedagógicas publicadas em São Paulo, a saber: A Eschola Publica (1895-1897), Revista de Ensino (1902-1919), Revista Escolar (1925-1927), bem como os relatórios dos inspetores escolares publicados nos Anuários de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo (1907-1926), compilados nas principais bibliotecas de São Paulo. O estudo das festas escolares permitiu conhecer quais eram as concepções de ensino, de escola, de aluno e de profissão docente vigentes no período e disseminadas nas ocasiões festivas, assim como a contribuição das festas para a constituição de uma memória histórica nacional oficial. A presente investigação demonstrou que mais do que um momento de confraternização, de descontração e de manifestação de alegria, as festas escolares possuíam outras funções, eram momentos privilegiados para o aprendizado de conteúdos, de disseminação de conhecimentos, de normas e de valores legitimados pela escola e pela sociedade. / The objective of this historical research was to investigate the educational festivals and their role in the process of the constitution of a public and national educational system as well as their contribution to the dissemination of the school and the republican society idealistic values during the 1890-1930 period. The term scholar culture consists of a nuclear concept for the development of the investigation of the educational parties and festivals since these may be conceived as one of the aspects that have integrated and still integrate the scholar culture. The concept of scholar culture was used in accordance with the conception created by Dominique Julia (2001, p. 10) as being a set of rules that define what to teach and what behaviour to promote, and a set of procedures that permit the transmission of this knowledge and the incorporation of these behaviours; rules and procedures aimed at the achievement of goals that may vary with time (religious, sociopolitical or simply socialization goals). The educational parties expressed in an exemplar way the scholar culture of such period for at the same time they followed rules, externally stablished by governors who used to stipulate the days to be celebrated and the pattern of the festival to guarantee the teaching of certain behaviour and knowledge, they also incorporated practices coordenated with educational and significant objectives of the school. Other authors, as André Chervel (1990) and Viñao Frago (1996), researchers of the scholar culture, have also been used to fundament the study from the theoretical standpoint. The study has been supported by a documental base that was composed by educational magazine texts published in São Paulo, such as: A Eschola Publica (1895-1897), Revista de Ensino (1902-1919), Revista Escolar (1925-1927), as well as reports from school inspectors published in the Anuários de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo (1907-1926), compiled at the main libraries of São Paulo. The study of the educational parties and festivals permited to know which were the concepts of teaching, school, pupil and professors, in force during that period and disseminated at festival opportunities, such as the contribution of the parties to the formation of an official nacional memory history. The present investigation proved that more than a moment of confraternization, display of enjoyment and happiness, the educational parties had other functions, they were privileged moments of apprenticeship, dissemination of knowledge, of rules and values legitimated by school and by society.

O objetivo desta pesquisa histórica foi investigar as festas escolares e o seu papel no processo de constituição de um sistema público e estatal de ensino, bem como a sua contribuição para a disseminação de um ideal de escola e de sociedade republicana, no período compreendido entre 1890-1930. O termo cultura escolar constitui-se em um conceito nuclear para o desenvolvimento da investigação acerca das festas escolares, já que essas podem ser concebidas como um dos aspectos que integraram e ainda integram a cultura da escola. O conceito cultura escolar foi utilizado segundo a concepção engendrada por Dominique Julia (2001, p. 10) como um conjunto de normas que definem conhecimentos a ensinar e condutas a inculcar, e um conjunto de práticas que permitem a transmissão desses conhecimentos e incorporação desses comportamentos; normas e práticas coordenadas a finalidades que podem variar segundo as épocas (finalidades religiosas, sociopolíticas ou simplesmente de socialização). As festas escolares expressaram de forma exemplar a cultura escolar do período em questão, pois ao mesmo tempo em que eram constituídas por normas, estabelecidas externamente pelos governantes que determinavam legalmente os dias a serem comemorados e um padrão de festa a ser seguido de forma a garantir o ensinamento de determinadas condutas e conhecimentos, eram também compostas por práticas coordenadas com finalidades educativas e expressivas da escola. Outros autores como André Chervel (1990), Viñao Frago (1996), estudiosos da cultura escolar, também foram utilizados para a fundamentação teórica do estudo. O corpus documental a partir do qual se realizou o estudo foi composto de textos de revistas pedagógicas publicadas em São Paulo, a saber: A Eschola Publica (1895-1897), Revista de Ensino (1902-1919), Revista Escolar (1925-1927), bem como os relatórios dos inspetores escolares publicados nos Anuários de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo (1907-1926), compilados nas principais bibliotecas de São Paulo. O estudo das festas escolares permitiu conhecer quais eram as concepções de ensino, de escola, de aluno e de profissão docente vigentes no período e disseminadas nas ocasiões festivas, assim como a contribuição das festas para a constituição de uma memória histórica nacional oficial. A presente investigação demonstrou que mais do que um momento de confraternização, de descontração e de manifestação de alegria, as festas escolares possuíam outras funções, eram momentos privilegiados para o aprendizado de conteúdos, de disseminação de conhecimentos, de normas e de valores legitimados pela escola e pela sociedade. / The objective of this historical research was to investigate the educational festivals and their role in the process of the constitution of a public and national educational system as well as their contribution to the dissemination of the school and the republican society idealistic values during the 1890-1930 period. The term scholar culture consists of a nuclear concept for the development of the investigation of the educational parties and festivals since these may be conceived as one of the aspects that have integrated and still integrate the scholar culture. The concept of scholar culture was used in accordance with the conception created by Dominique Julia (2001, p. 10) as being a set of rules that define what to teach and what behaviour to promote, and a set of procedures that permit the transmission of this knowledge and the incorporation of these behaviours; rules and procedures aimed at the achievement of goals that may vary with time (religious, sociopolitical or simply socialization goals). The educational parties expressed in an exemplar way the scholar culture of such period for at the same time they followed rules, externally stablished by governors who used to stipulate the days to be celebrated and the pattern of the festival to guarantee the teaching of certain behaviour and knowledge, they also incorporated practices coordenated with educational and significant objectives of the school. Other authors, as André Chervel (1990) and Viñao Frago (1996), researchers of the scholar culture, have also been used to fundament the study from the theoretical standpoint. The study has been supported by a documental base that was composed by educational magazine texts published in São Paulo, such as: A Eschola Publica (1895-1897), Revista de Ensino (1902-1919), Revista Escolar (1925-1927), as well as reports from school inspectors published in the Anuários de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo (1907-1926), compiled at the main libraries of São Paulo. The study of the educational parties and festivals permited to know which were the concepts of teaching, school, pupil and professors, in force during that period and disseminated at festival opportunities, such as the contribution of the parties to the formation of an official nacional memory history. The present investigation proved that more than a moment of confraternization, display of enjoyment and happiness, the educational parties had other functions, they were privileged moments of apprenticeship, dissemination of knowledge, of rules and values legitimated by school and by society.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-11-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:53:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 zechi_jam_me_prud.pdf: 590897 bytes, checksum: 4dea9e45eaec058058346cd4f8d2be1d (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho foi construído no âmbito da Linha de Pesquisa “Políticas Públicas, Organização Escolar e Formação de Professores” e trata dos fenômenos de violência e indisciplina em meio escolar que têm preocupado pais, professores e demais profissionais ligados à Educação. No entanto, a produção de pesquisas na área ainda é bastante incipiente e suas publicações são recentes. Assim, no presente estudo, temos como objetivos avaliar as tendências teóricometodológicas da produção acadêmica com relação aos temas de violência e indisciplina na escola; verificar como essas temáticas têm sido analisadas e explicadas nas diferentes abordagens teóricas e quais metodologias estão sendo utilizadas para seu estudo; analisar as proposições apresentadas com a finalidade de prevenção e contenção da violência e indisciplina escolar e identificar como tem sido abordada a questão da formação inicial e contínua de professores no que diz respeito ao enfrentamento das situações de indisciplina e violência em meio escolar. Para sua realização, fizemos um levantamento bibliográfico do tipo “Estado da Arte” de estudos produzidos em Programas de Pós-graduação em Educação do Estado de São Paulo de 2000 a 2005. Identificamos nesse período vinte e um trabalhos sobre essas temáticas. As pesquisas em Educação analisadas trazem novos elementos para a constituição do tema da violência e indisciplina em meio escolar, capazes de caracterizar a problemática escolar. Na análise metodológica, observamos que os trabalhos selecionados não fazem uma descrição detalhada sobre o tipo de pesquisa realizada... / This paper was made in the Line of Research “Public Politics, School Organization and Teachers’ Development” from the Post-graduation in Education – Masters at “Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia” – UNESP and talks about the violence and indiscipline phenomenon in the school which has worried parents, teachers and the other professionals linked to Education. Although, the production of researches in this area are in the very beginning and their publications are recent. Like this, in the present study, we have as objectives to evaluate the theoretical-methodological tendencies of the academic production related to the school violence and indiscipline themes, verify how those thematic have been analysed and explained in the different theoretical approaches and which methodologies are been used for their study, analyse the presented propositions with the prevention and violence control and scholar indiscipline purposes and identify how the initial and continuous development of the teachers related to facing the indiscipline and violence in the scholar sphere. For its realization, we made a bibliographic research “State of the Art” type of the studies produced in Post-graduation Programmes in Education of São Paulo State from 2000 to 2005. We identified during this period twenty-one papers about this thematic. The researches in Education analysed bring new elements to the violence and indiscipline in the scholar environment theme constitution, able to characterise the scholar problematic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

O fomento à implantação e ao fortalecimento dos conselhos escolares é o objetivo visado pelo Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento dos Conselhos Escolares, política criada pelo Ministério da Educação em 2004, tendo como principal instrumento a promoção de formação continuada, por meio da publicação e distribuição de cadernos e da oferta de cursos. O objetivo da dissertação é analisar a implementação do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento dos Conselhos Escolares (PNFCE) no que concerne ao potencial de contribuição das estratégias e processos de formação de técnicos e de conselheiros para o fortalecimento de todos os segmentos do conselho escolar, com destaque ao segmento dos pais. A pergunta de pesquisa é a seguinte: em que medida os cursos de formação do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento dos Conselhos Escolares são eficazes para a consecução do principal objetivo do Programa: fortalecer os conselhos escolares? Parte-se do pressuposto que o conhecimento disponibilizado nos cursos de formação para técnicos e dirigentes de sistemas de ensino pode ser determinante para criar uma mudança na escola ou manter a realidade. O trabalho foi realizado a partir de cinco fontes principais: a experiência da autora em um conselho escolar; conteúdos e procedimentos de um curso de formação do PNFCE oferecido por uma instituição de educação superior, do qual também participou a autora; documentos legais e normativos relativos à gestão da educação e ao PNFCE; produção científica sobre o tema dos conselhos escolares e gestão da educação; informações e materiais didáticos e PNFCE, principalmente os doze cadernos do Programa. A política pública estudada, ainda que tenha a finalidade de fortalecer conselhos escolares, apresenta obstáculos que não são condizentes com os objetivos da norma que a criou, a Portaria Ministerial nº 2.896/2004, tendo tais obstáculos sido constatados no processo de implementação. Um dos obstáculos é o fato dos cursos se restringirem aos profissionais da educação. Outro entrave é a distância considerável entre os discursos que proclamam ser a gestão democrática da escola pública, logo, também os conselhos escolares, importantes para a qualidade da educação oferecida pela escola e a realidade que se apresentou no curso estudado, em que a ênfase a determinados assuntos, em detrimento de outros que poderiam empoderar o conselho escolar, pode ser tida como uma forma de condicionar o conhecimento disponibilizado pelas publicações do MEC e que são utilizadas como material didático. Com base no trabalho desenvolvido, foi possível considerar que o PNFCE tem potencial muito limitado para fomentar conselhos escolares fortes e atuantes, uma vez que os conhecimentos que chegam até os conselheiros não são suficientes e adequados a tal finalidade. A democratização do poder de decisão na escola encontra resistências, desde os processos de implementação da política pública até a resistência percebida na escola, que, ao fim ao cabo, pode ser decorrente do (des)conhecimento de direitos e deveres de cada conselheiros escolar. / The support to the implantation and to the strengthening of the scholar councils is the goal to be achieved by the National Program for the Strengthening of the Scholar Councils (PNFCE), politics created by the Education Ministry in 2004, having as its main instrument the promotion of the continued formation, throughout the publication and distribution of notebooks and the courses’ offer. This dissertation’s goal is to analyze the implementation of the National Program for the Strengthening of the Scholar Councils (PNFCE), regarding to the strategies’ potential of contribution and processes of counselor’s and technician’s formation for the strengthening of all scholar council’s segments, highlighti ng the parent’s segment. This research’s question is the following: at what measure the National Program for the Strengtheni ng of the Scholar Counci ls’ (PNFCE) formation courses are effective for the attainment of the Program’s main goal: strengthen scholar councils? It starts from the presupposition that the knowledge made available on the formation courses for technicians and lecture system’s chiefs may be determinant to create a change in the school or keeping the reality. The work has been developed through five main resources: the author’s experience in a scholar council; matters and procedures i n a PNFCE’s formation course offered by a superior education institution, which the author’s been part of as well; Legal and normati ve documents related to education’s management and to the PNFCE; scientific production about the scholar councils’ theme and education management; information and didactic material from PNFCE, mainly the program’s twelve books. The public politics studied, even though it has the goal of strengthening scholar councils, presents obstacles that are not consistent with the goals from the norm that created it, the Mi nistry’s ordi nance # 2.896/2004, having such obstacles been reali zed on the implementation’s process. One of the obstacles is the fact that the courses are restricted to the education professionals. Another barrier is the considerable distance between the speeches that proclaim the public schools’ management is, ergo, the scholar council’s as well, important for the quality of the education provided by the school and the reality that has been selfpresented in the studied course, whereat the emphasis to some subjects, to the detriment of others that might have empower the scholar council, may be perceived as a way to condition the knowledge made available by the Education Ministry’s publications and that are used as didactic material. Based on the work here developed, it has been possible to consider that PNFCE has a very limited potential for the supporting of strong and active scholar councils, once the knowledge that come to the counselors are not enough and fit to such purpose. The democratization of the Power of decision i n schools fi nds resistance, from the public politics’ implementation processes to the resistance noticed in schools, that, at the end of the day, may be resulted from the (un)knowing of rights and duties of each scholar counselor.

O fomento à implantação e ao fortalecimento dos conselhos escolares é o objetivo visado pelo Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento dos Conselhos Escolares, política criada pelo Ministério da Educação em 2004, tendo como principal instrumento a promoção de formação continuada, por meio da publicação e distribuição de cadernos e da oferta de cursos. O objetivo da dissertação é analisar a implementação do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento dos Conselhos Escolares (PNFCE) no que concerne ao potencial de contribuição das estratégias e processos de formação de técnicos e de conselheiros para o fortalecimento de todos os segmentos do conselho escolar, com destaque ao segmento dos pais. A pergunta de pesquisa é a seguinte: em que medida os cursos de formação do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento dos Conselhos Escolares são eficazes para a consecução do principal objetivo do Programa: fortalecer os conselhos escolares? Parte-se do pressuposto que o conhecimento disponibilizado nos cursos de formação para técnicos e dirigentes de sistemas de ensino pode ser determinante para criar uma mudança na escola ou manter a realidade. O trabalho foi realizado a partir de cinco fontes principais: a experiência da autora em um conselho escolar; conteúdos e procedimentos de um curso de formação do PNFCE oferecido por uma instituição de educação superior, do qual também participou a autora; documentos legais e normativos relativos à gestão da educação e ao PNFCE; produção científica sobre o tema dos conselhos escolares e gestão da educação; informações e materiais didáticos e PNFCE, principalmente os doze cadernos do Programa. A política pública estudada, ainda que tenha a finalidade de fortalecer conselhos escolares, apresenta obstáculos que não são condizentes com os objetivos da norma que a criou, a Portaria Ministerial nº 2.896/2004, tendo tais obstáculos sido constatados no processo de implementação. Um dos obstáculos é o fato dos cursos se restringirem aos profissionais da educação. Outro entrave é a distância considerável entre os discursos que proclamam ser a gestão democrática da escola pública, logo, também os conselhos escolares, importantes para a qualidade da educação oferecida pela escola e a realidade que se apresentou no curso estudado, em que a ênfase a determinados assuntos, em detrimento de outros que poderiam empoderar o conselho escolar, pode ser tida como uma forma de condicionar o conhecimento disponibilizado pelas publicações do MEC e que são utilizadas como material didático. Com base no trabalho desenvolvido, foi possível considerar que o PNFCE tem potencial muito limitado para fomentar conselhos escolares fortes e atuantes, uma vez que os conhecimentos que chegam até os conselheiros não são suficientes e adequados a tal finalidade. A democratização do poder de decisão na escola encontra resistências, desde os processos de implementação da política pública até a resistência percebida na escola, que, ao fim ao cabo, pode ser decorrente do (des)conhecimento de direitos e deveres de cada conselheiros escolar. / The support to the implantation and to the strengthening of the scholar councils is the goal to be achieved by the National Program for the Strengthening of the Scholar Councils (PNFCE), politics created by the Education Ministry in 2004, having as its main instrument the promotion of the continued formation, throughout the publication and distribution of notebooks and the courses’ offer. This dissertation’s goal is to analyze the implementation of the National Program for the Strengthening of the Scholar Councils (PNFCE), regarding to the strategies’ potential of contribution and processes of counselor’s and technician’s formation for the strengthening of all scholar council’s segments, highlighti ng the parent’s segment. This research’s question is the following: at what measure the National Program for the Strengtheni ng of the Scholar Counci ls’ (PNFCE) formation courses are effective for the attainment of the Program’s main goal: strengthen scholar councils? It starts from the presupposition that the knowledge made available on the formation courses for technicians and lecture system’s chiefs may be determinant to create a change in the school or keeping the reality. The work has been developed through five main resources: the author’s experience in a scholar council; matters and procedures i n a PNFCE’s formation course offered by a superior education institution, which the author’s been part of as well; Legal and normati ve documents related to education’s management and to the PNFCE; scientific production about the scholar councils’ theme and education management; information and didactic material from PNFCE, mainly the program’s twelve books. The public politics studied, even though it has the goal of strengthening scholar councils, presents obstacles that are not consistent with the goals from the norm that created it, the Mi nistry’s ordi nance # 2.896/2004, having such obstacles been reali zed on the implementation’s process. One of the obstacles is the fact that the courses are restricted to the education professionals. Another barrier is the considerable distance between the speeches that proclaim the public schools’ management is, ergo, the scholar council’s as well, important for the quality of the education provided by the school and the reality that has been selfpresented in the studied course, whereat the emphasis to some subjects, to the detriment of others that might have empower the scholar council, may be perceived as a way to condition the knowledge made available by the Education Ministry’s publications and that are used as didactic material. Based on the work here developed, it has been possible to consider that PNFCE has a very limited potential for the supporting of strong and active scholar councils, once the knowledge that come to the counselors are not enough and fit to such purpose. The democratization of the Power of decision i n schools fi nds resistance, from the public politics’ implementation processes to the resistance noticed in schools, that, at the end of the day, may be resulted from the (un)knowing of rights and duties of each scholar counselor.