Efter den senaste tidens debatter om Laboraskolan så har vi i denna uppsats valt att fördjupa oss i skolan och det samfund som driver den. Laboraskolan är en grund- och gymnasieskola belägen i Hylte kommun, det som gör den speciell är att den drivs av det religiösa samfundet Plymouthbröderna. Plymouthbröderna är ett litet samfund som kallats för bland annat “sekternas sekt” och som håller sig frånvända från det omgivande samhället. Trots detta fick skolan år 2007 efter flera tvister och vad som kallats en “administrativ cirkus” tillåtelse att starta sin skola. Efter starten har Skolinspektionen granskat skolan i flertalet omgångar och skolan har i dessa granskningar fått mycket kritik. I denna uppsats så fördjupar vi oss i dessa granskningar och främst i de återkommande problemen gällande främst allsidighet och saklighet, motverkande av traditionella könsroller och studie och yrkesvägledning. När vi fördjupat oss i Brödernas lära och vad som ingår i denna försöker vi sedan analysera om det kan finnas några samband mellan denne och de problem som påvisats i Skolinspektionens granskningar. Det visar sig att det inte är helt lätt att besvara frågan då det är många olika röster som hörs i frågan och som också motsätter varandra. Att det är ett slutet samfund som startat en skola och som sedan granskats för problem som kan tänkas ha med läran att göra står dock klart, men det finns också en bild av en skola med en god studiemiljö och elever med höga studieresultat.

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-04-01T18:00:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 politicas_publicas.pdf: 1760153 bytes, checksum: 56a624c6a133a8504a9c015b21c4359b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-01T18:00:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 politicas_publicas.pdf: 1760153 bytes, checksum: 56a624c6a133a8504a9c015b21c4359b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-15 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho aborda temática que conjuga políticas públicas e história da educação. Analisa de que forma a Inspetoria de Educação do Município de Rio Grande-RS foi implementadora das políticas educacionais entre 1930-1945. A geografia da região facilitou a instalação de um porto, tornando a cidade escoadouro da região sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O afluxo de capitais estrangeiros no final do século XIX acabou criando relações diferenciadas das etnias com o poder público que refletiram inclusive na educação. No Período Vargas a primeira iniciativa relacionada à educação foi a criação do Ministério da Educação e Saúde Pública, seguida de uma reforma educacional. O civismo também foi prioridade nas políticas públicas educacionais varguistas. É característica do período Varguista a campanha de nacionalização do ensino, muito presente no Rio Grande do Sul nas regiões de colonização européia. A ênfase era nos conteúdos nacionais, em especial nas disciplinas de história e geografia do Brasil, bem como na língua portuguesa e no combate a ideias divergentes do ideal nacional. O trabalho do inspetor escolar era pautado por determinações políticas e inclusive ideológicas, próprias do período histórico. Controle, fiscalização e até punição sempre estiveram atrelados, ao longo da história educacional, à inspeção escolar. Dessa forma a inspeção escolar buscava exercer o controle através de fiscalizações sobre os agentes envolvidos na educação, bem como às instituições educativas, visando a efetivação, controle e regulação das políticas educacionais do período. As inspeções da Inspetoria de Educação de Rio Grande passaram a serem mais rigorosas, apontando falhas e cobrando as medidas sugeridas. Entretanto o inspetor não tinha poder de ação, ele apontava falhas e sugeria soluções, mas a palavra final era do prefeito. A busca pela ordem, pelo asseio e pela disciplina era constante, e tinha como foco o trabalho dos professores e a condução da escola, isso era verificado nas inspeções realizadas periodicamente. A Inspetoria de Educação buscava um equilíbrio entre as políticas educacionais e os vínculos na comunidade expressos nos exemplos apontados na documentação utilizada. Nos casos analisados ocorreu o uso diferenciado das prescrições nacionalistas da educação. Tal fato se deve aos vínculos com a comunidade e a busca pela manutenção do poder. Em Rio Grande a Inspetoria de Educação buscava manter um bom relacionamento com a comunidade, sempre que possível atendendo as suas demandas e visando um equilíbrio com as prescrições nacionais. O trabalho foi realizado com fontes primárias, que foram analisadas a partir da metodologia histórico-crítica. / This work approaches a thematic that inflects public policies and history of education. It analysis which way the Inspectorate of Education of the city of Rio Grande – RS was the implementer of educational policies between 1930-1940. The geography of the region facilitated the installation of a port, making the city the outlet of the south region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The flow of foreign funds in the end of the XIX century ended up creating different relations of ethnics with the government which reflected also in education. In the Vargas time, the first initiative regarding education was the creation of Education and Public Health Ministry, followed by an educational reform. The civics also was priority in the Vargas educational public policies. It is a characteristic of Vargas time the campaign of nationalization of teaching, very present in Rio Grande do Sul in the regions of European colonization. The emphasis was in the national content, especially in the disciplines of Brazilian history and geography, as well as Portuguese and fighting divergent ideas of the national idea. The work of the school inspector was guided by political determinations and also ideological, typical of the historical period. Control, supervision and even punishment had always been linked, throughout educational history, to school inspection. This way, the school inspection sought to exert control through supervisions around the agents involved in education, as well as the educational institutions, aiming the accomplishment, control and regulation of the educational policies of the period. The inspections made by the Educational Inspectorate of Rio Grande came to be more rigorous, pointing out flaws and charging the measures suggested. However, the inspector did not have the power of action, he pointed out flows and suggested solutions, but the final word was the mayor’s. The search for the order, for neatness and for discipline was constant, and had as its focus the work of teachers and the conduct of the school, it was verified in the inspections conducted periodically. The Educational Inspectorate sought the balance between the educational policies and the links in the community expressed in the examples pointed out by the utilized documentation. In the analyzed cases, occurred the different usage of nationalist education requirements. This fact is due to the links with the community and the search by the power maintenance. In Rio Grande, the Educational Inspectorate sought to keep a good relation with the community, attending its demands and seeking a balance with the national requirements always as possible. The work was done with primary fonts, that were analyzed from the historical-critical methodology.

Sammanfattning I denna studie har FRAM-samarbetet stått i fokus. FRAM är ett interkommunalt skolutvecklingssamarbete som har pågått i några kommuner i en av storstadsregionerna . Syftet har varit att genom intervjuundersökningar belysa hur FRAM bidragit till kvalitetsförbättring och skolutveckling i de utvärderade skolorna. Utgångspunkten för denna studie har varit att undersöka i vilken grad två aktörer i ledningsnivå, nämligen förvaltningschefer och rektorer, har uppfattat FRAM’s bidrag och på vilket sätt de anser att den lett till kvalitetsförbättring. Studien är en kvalitativ forskningsstudie där förvaltningschefer och rektorer har blivit intervjuade med utgångspunkt från ett ramfaktorteoretiskt perspektiv. Där aktörerna och deras handlingsutrymme har beaktas i samband med de institutionella ramar och förutsättningar i vilka de befinner sig i. Ett dialektiskt samspel mellan individen och de institutionella normer och rutiner i vilken individernas handlingar formas av och i. Studien har en abduktiv ansats i betydelsen att den söker efter mönster och drag, i empirin, det vill säga de processer som pågått i samband med utvärderingarna, tillsyfte att med stöd av teorin för att öka förståelsen och kunskapen om FRAM-utvärderingens bidrag till kvalitetsförbättring i den enskilda skolan och den kommunala skolorganisationen. Studien lyfter upp blicken från de skolinterna aktörer (rektorer, lärare, elever) till de externa det vill säga den kommunala förvaltningens och de statlig institutionellas betydelse för hur det praktiska kvalitetsfrågorna formas och sker i skolan. För att förstå olika aktörers handlingar i det skolexterna, belystes två centrala begrepp, kvalitetsförbättring och utvärdering, vilket har präglat skolan i de senaste 20 åren. Vidare redovisades hur förändringar i styrningsmekanismer lett till dessa begrepps intrång i skolväsendet. Kvalitetsredovisningar och kvalitetskontroll av olika slag har så småningom omvandlats till härskande styrmekanism i skolan. Med kvalitetsstyrning följer andra kontroll mekanismer såsom uppföljning och utvärdering i skolans vokabulär. På så sätt har utvärdering omvandlas till en självklar melodi i skolan och övriga samhället för den delen. Men vad dessa utvärderingar leder till och vilken funktion de har pratas mindre om. Vidare redovisas hur åtstramning i den statliga ramfaktornivån gällande kvalitetsredovisningar ledde till åtskilliga aktiviteter och åtgärder runt om i landet i början och mitten av 2000-talet. FRAM är en av dem. Resultatet i den här forskningsstudien bekräftar tidigare forskning att externa och centralstyrda utvärderingars funktion ofta är av en administrativ karaktär och tjänar mest de centrala organisationerna än den lokala. Undersökningen bekräftar även att yttre aktörerna handlingar har betydelse för att leda och stödja utvecklingsarbetet i den enskilda skolan och hur den kan formas och drivas. Av studien framgår att skolutveckling och kvalitetsförbättring, i betydelsen högre måluppfyllelse, är en lokal angelägenhet och de växer utifrån analys av de lokala behov och långsiktig förändringsarbete. Forskning visar även att den lokala skolan inte mäktar ensamt att hålla en stadig förändringstakt om den inte får stöd från förvaltningen med analysverktyg, ledarskap och andra resurser. Nyckelord: Utvärdering, skolutvärdering, kvalitetsförbättring, skolutveckling, uppföljning, kvalitetsredovisning, Skolinspektion, Handlingsutrymme, ramfaktorteorin, inre och yttre gränser / In this study, FRAM- cooperation was in focus. FRAM is an inter-municipal school development cooperation that has been going on in a few communities in the metropolitan regions. The aim has been to highlight how FRAM by using interview surveys contributed to quality improvement and school improvement in the evaluated schools. The starting point of this study was to examine the degree to which two actors in management, namely managing directors and principals, have perceived FRAM´s contributions and how they feel it has led to quality improvement. The study is a qualitative research study in which management directors and principals have been interviewed on the basis of one Frame factor theoretical perspective. There, participants and their flexibility have taken into account the institutional framework and the conditions in which they are involved. This is a dialectical interplay between the individual and the institutional norms and practices in which the actions of individuals are shaped. The study is abductive in the sense that it looks for patterns and traits, the empirically, that is, the processes going on in the evaluations, intended to with the support of the theory increase understanding and knowledge of FRAM evaluation contribution to quality improvement of the school and the local school organization. The study changes perspective from the impact of school's internal participants (principals, teachers, students) to that of the external ones i. e. the municipal administration and the state institution on how the practical quality issues are formed in school. In order to understand different actors ´actions in the school externally, two key concepts were quality highlighted, improvement and evaluation, which have characterized the school system in the past 20 years in Sweden. It is also reported how changes in governance mechanisms have lead to intrusion of these concepts into the school system. Quality reports and quality control of various kinds have been gradually converted into dominant control mechanism in school. With quality management follows the other control mechanisms such as monitoring and evaluation of the school's vocabulary. In this way, evaluation has become a natural feature in school and society too, for that matter. But what these evaluations lead to and what function they have, is less talked about. Furthermore it is shown how austerity at government framework level concerning quality reports led to numerous activities and actions around the country in the early and mid 2000's. FRAM is one of them. The results of this research study confirm previous research that external and centralized function evaluations often are of an administrative character and they mostly serve central organizations more than the local ones. The survey also confirms that external actors are relevant in order to lead and support the development of the school and how it can be formed and operated. The study shows that school development and quality improvement, in the sense of greater achievement, is a local matter and they develop by the analysis of local needs and long-term change. Research also shows that the local school alone is not capable of keeping a steady pace of change if it is not supported by management with tools of analysis, leadership, and other resources.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-09-27T15:40:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 cristianaceciliapintodasilva.pdf: 725097 bytes, checksum: c369c763e452aa109911d7444afca9be (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-09-27T15:46:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 cristianaceciliapintodasilva.pdf: 725097 bytes, checksum: c369c763e452aa109911d7444afca9be (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-27T15:46:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 cristianaceciliapintodasilva.pdf: 725097 bytes, checksum: c369c763e452aa109911d7444afca9be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-19 / A presente dissertação é desenvolvida no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Avaliação da Educação (PPGP) do Centro de Políticas Públicas e Avaliação da Educação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (CAEd/UFJF) tem como objetivo analisar as relações de poder estabelecidas na inspeção escolar no estado do Rio de Janeiro, bem como estas se estabelecem por meio da ação dos professores inspetores escolares nos estabelecimentos de ensino, no intuito de responder quais os meios, discursos ou dispositivos levam ao perfil da inspeção escolar, hoje instalado no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Nesta perspectiva, analisaremos os dispositivos legais que norteiam a ação da inspeção escolar, os discursos construídos sobre a ação dos profissionais inspetores e ainda a análise de diversos sujeitos envolvidos na ação da inspeção escolar, por meio de entrevistas e questionários, sempre à luz do referencial teórico de Foucault (1987; 1995; 2003; 2004; 2008; 2010a; 2010b), acerca das relações de poder, discurso e dispositivo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que contará com entrevistas e questionários, levando ao entendimento que se busca com os objetivos traçados. A construção de um perfil de inspetor escolar, feita a partir de dispositivos legais e discursos historicamente construídos faz com que o estado do Rio de Janeiro permaneça com um modelo de inspeção mais voltado para o controle, fiscalização, ações burocráticas e sanções. No entanto, a Deliberação CEE/RJ nº 357/2016 (RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016b) trouxe uma grande reviravolta para esta atuação, retirando das atribuições do professor inspetor escolar do quadro da SEEDUC/RJ as ações de verificação e validação da certificação dos concluintes do ensino médio e educação profissional de nível médio regular. Este dispositivo legal aponta para um redesenho das atribuições do inspetor e das consequentes mudanças nas relações de poder. / This dissertation is developed within the scope of the Professional Master in Management and Evaluation of Education (PPGP) of the Center for Public Policies and Education Evaluation of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CAEd / UFJF). Its objective is to analyze the power relations established in the School inspections in the state of Rio de Janeiro, and this is established through the action of teachers school inspectors in educational institutions, in order to respond to what means, speeches or devices lead to the profile of school inspection, now installed in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro. In this perspective, we will analyze the legal dispositions that guide the action of the school inspection, the speeches built on the action of the professional inspectors and also the analysis of several subjects involved in the action of the school inspection, through interviews and questionnaires, always in the light of the referential Theorist of Foucault Foucault (1987; 1995; 2003; 2004; 2008; 2010a; 2010b), about the relations of power, discourse and device. This is a qualitative research, which will have interviews and questionnaires, leading to the understanding that is sought with the objectives outlined. The construction of a school inspector profile, made from legal devices and historically constructed speeches, means that the state of Rio de Janeiro remains with an inspection model that is more focused on control, enforcement, bureaucratic actions and sanctions. However, Deliberação CEE / RJ nº 357/2016 (RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016b)brought a great revolution for this action, removing from the attributions of the school inspector teacher of the SEEDUC / RJ framework the actions of verification and validation of the certification of the high school graduates and professional education of Average level. This legal device points to a redesign of the inspector's assignments and consequent changes in power relations.

This thesis deals with current qualifying requirements on pedagogical workers working at primary and secondary schools in context of component goals achievement given by Education Policy Strategy 2020. It is devided into two parts. The teoretical part is devoted to amendments to Act n. 563/2004 (Act on Educational Workers) from the perspective of legal claims to professional qualification of pedagogical workers and searches connects with component goals defined in Education Policy Strategy 2020 and other curricural documents. It captures possible pitfalls of providing skilled pedagogical workers that follow from regional situation on the labor market and describes possibilities of their solutions includinng opinions of control members especially Czech School Inspection. It defines goverment priorities in relation to the teaching profession. The research part compares availability of skilled pedagogical workers in parts of two Czech Republic regions where there is assumption of different potential on labor market. KEYWORDS pedagogical worker, Pedagogical Workers Act, qualifications, standard, Long-term Plan for Education and Development of the Educational System