The applied tourism research community is characterized by a large and growing group of research producers and users; communications and networking amongst its members can build the capacity of the community and create knowledge networks along its social, cultural, and organizational boundaries. The purpose of this thesis research is to examine the role of tourism research associations in the social structuring of a cohesive applied research community and, consequently, in the fostering of its growth. Following an embedded single case design, the study uses the Travel and Tourism Research Association (TTRA hereafter) as an example of an applied tourism research community. The research examines members’ perceptions of the association in the capacity-building of the membership community through research communications and professional networks. Based on documentary sources, an instrument was developed for primary data collection through an online census of TTRA members. Data collection was completed in the Spring of 2007, with a response rate of 28.7%. Data analysis is guided by hypothesis, with results of the case study described and discussed in the contexts of research communications, knowledge networks, scientific community, and research association planning and management. First, with respect to research communication, a number of social demographic factors are found to have exerted an impact on media use frequencies and decisions, and perceptions of research communication in the membership community. Notably, these include members’ occupations, career stages, membership categories, and research-oriented training. The chapter structure of TTRA does not affect members’ behaviour in research communication. However, the study confirms a distinction between academics and practitioners and lends support to discussions on the two-community theory concerning cultural and functional differences in producing and consuming research. The study also finds that TTRA-endorsed media are of limited use in the membership community for professional communication. In addition, association members form distinct clusters by the frequency and variety of information sources they have consulted for research communication. Second, in terms of networks or networking amongst TTRA members, types and extent of member interactions are influenced by members’ occupations, in particular whether the member is an academic or practitioner. Professional networks are formed on the basis of research interests and expertise; so are the perceptions of research networks and the perceived role of TTRA in professional networking affected by gender, career stage, membership positions, and disciplinary and research-oriented preparations. The study finds that the strengths of ties amongst members are both causes and consequences of the size of a community or network. TTRA is generally perceived as becoming too academic and, in light of this, the association is seen as an important facilitator of scholarly networks. Nonetheless, the association community is characterized by pro-academic and pro-practitioner clusters in terms of membership perceptions of research networks and their attitudes towards networking. In addition, while chapter affiliations do not have an impact on network perceptions and behaviour, results from this study point to the facilitator role of association conferences for research communication, professional networking and association capacity-building. Third, the facilitator role of the association for community capacity-building is widely acknowledged by its members. Respondents see professional networking and association conference venue as particularly important factors in attracting attendance from the membership community. The study confirms the essential role of conferences in building a sense of community for a research association. There is a considerable degree of consensus amongst members on their perceptions of TTRA as a community. Homogeneous clusters are formed by membership perceptions of a community and their willingness or engagement in community service provisions. Conceptually, the clusters developed around (or for) research communication, networking and association capacity-building are highly consistent in terms of pattern matching in case study analysis. The research has also discussed theoretical and practical implications, some of which are expressed as recommendations for association planning and management. The study concludes with reflections on limitations and prospects for future inquiries.

The applied tourism research community is characterized by a large and growing group of research producers and users; communications and networking amongst its members can build the capacity of the community and create knowledge networks along its social, cultural, and organizational boundaries. The purpose of this thesis research is to examine the role of tourism research associations in the social structuring of a cohesive applied research community and, consequently, in the fostering of its growth. Following an embedded single case design, the study uses the Travel and Tourism Research Association (TTRA hereafter) as an example of an applied tourism research community. The research examines members’ perceptions of the association in the capacity-building of the membership community through research communications and professional networks. Based on documentary sources, an instrument was developed for primary data collection through an online census of TTRA members. Data collection was completed in the Spring of 2007, with a response rate of 28.7%. Data analysis is guided by hypothesis, with results of the case study described and discussed in the contexts of research communications, knowledge networks, scientific community, and research association planning and management. First, with respect to research communication, a number of social demographic factors are found to have exerted an impact on media use frequencies and decisions, and perceptions of research communication in the membership community. Notably, these include members’ occupations, career stages, membership categories, and research-oriented training. The chapter structure of TTRA does not affect members’ behaviour in research communication. However, the study confirms a distinction between academics and practitioners and lends support to discussions on the two-community theory concerning cultural and functional differences in producing and consuming research. The study also finds that TTRA-endorsed media are of limited use in the membership community for professional communication. In addition, association members form distinct clusters by the frequency and variety of information sources they have consulted for research communication. Second, in terms of networks or networking amongst TTRA members, types and extent of member interactions are influenced by members’ occupations, in particular whether the member is an academic or practitioner. Professional networks are formed on the basis of research interests and expertise; so are the perceptions of research networks and the perceived role of TTRA in professional networking affected by gender, career stage, membership positions, and disciplinary and research-oriented preparations. The study finds that the strengths of ties amongst members are both causes and consequences of the size of a community or network. TTRA is generally perceived as becoming too academic and, in light of this, the association is seen as an important facilitator of scholarly networks. Nonetheless, the association community is characterized by pro-academic and pro-practitioner clusters in terms of membership perceptions of research networks and their attitudes towards networking. In addition, while chapter affiliations do not have an impact on network perceptions and behaviour, results from this study point to the facilitator role of association conferences for research communication, professional networking and association capacity-building. Third, the facilitator role of the association for community capacity-building is widely acknowledged by its members. Respondents see professional networking and association conference venue as particularly important factors in attracting attendance from the membership community. The study confirms the essential role of conferences in building a sense of community for a research association. There is a considerable degree of consensus amongst members on their perceptions of TTRA as a community. Homogeneous clusters are formed by membership perceptions of a community and their willingness or engagement in community service provisions. Conceptually, the clusters developed around (or for) research communication, networking and association capacity-building are highly consistent in terms of pattern matching in case study analysis. The research has also discussed theoretical and practical implications, some of which are expressed as recommendations for association planning and management. The study concludes with reflections on limitations and prospects for future inquiries.

Este trabalho aborda a política científica e tecnológica brasileira no período do regime militar (1964-1985). As questões às quais ele se refere dizem respeito às idéias e aos interesses de alguns dos seus atores fundamentais: os militares, a comunidade científica e os técnicos responsáveis pela condução da área econômica dos governos. Esses atores, com interesses e idéias distintas e muitas vezes conflituosas acerca dos rumos do desenvolvimento, embora buscassem objetivos diferentes construíram uma trajetória única com projetos ambiciosos para organizar internamente uma rede de instituições que visassem a produção e a aquisição de ciência e tecnologia de ponta. Antes de econômicas, as decisões acerca das políticas de ciência e tecnologia possuíram uma natureza fundamentalmente política e privilegiaram os interesses dos governos e das elites que os sustentaram. Para o Estado, o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico nem sempre foi um propósito em si; às vezes foi parte de um intento, às vezes um meio para alcançar determinados objetivos. Como meio, essas políticas podiam ser dispensáveis quando se acreditava que era possível ou desejável se chegar aos mesmos resultados percorrendo caminhos mais curtos e menos tortuosos. Seja como meios ou como fins, só é possível entender as políticas do setor quando se tem um horizonte amplo, capaz de deixar perceber quais são os objetivos finais e como eles são perseguidos; para compreender melhor essas relações, dois aspectos são fundamentais: a) as idéias que conduziram à formação, estruturação, organização e atuação do sistema nacional de ciência e tecnologia e dos rumos do desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico no Brasil e, b) os interesses e objetivos que os principais atores possuíam e como esses são, ou não, levados a cabo dentro da estrutura burocrática, e nas ações dos governos, de acordo com as limitações impostas pelos contextos políticos e econômicos internos e externos. / The present thesis approaches the science and technology Brazilian politicses during the period of the military regime (1964-1985). Their main matters tell respect to the ideas and to the interests of some of your central personages: the militaries, the scientific community and the technocrats responsible for the administration of the Government economic sector of that period. Such personages, with interests and distinct thoughts - and many times locking conflicts concerning about of the bearings of the national development, although they sought different goals, they built a single trajectory with ambitious projects to foment internally a joint of institutions with sights to the production and to the acquisition of a science and an advanced technology. Before being economics, the decisions concerning the science and technology policies had a political fundamentally profile and privileged governments\' interests and of the elites that sustained them. For the State, the scientific and technological development not always it was a purpose only; sometimes was a goal, and in at other times was a form of if reach specific goals. Thought as a way, these political can be dispensable from the moment in which it is possible or desirable to reach the same results traversing smaller and less problematic paths. Like means or as ends, only is possible to comprehend the policies of the sector at issue when there is a wide horizon in which is possible to realize whats are the goals and how they are demanded. To comprehend better these relations, two aspects are important: a) the thoughts that led to the formation, structuring and performance of the science and technology national system, as well as of the bearings of the scientific and technological development in Brazil and, b) the interests and objectives that the main personages detained, how were - or were not - carried of radical way inside the bureaucratic structure and in the governments\' lawsuits according to the limitations imposed by the political and economic contexts, both internal and external.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:16:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5085.pdf: 1199436 bytes, checksum: cb22235e1fd60daa6402a02e50297587 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-19 / In this study I expose the theoretical research that is my dissertation, in which I analyze the process of participation of the scientific community in the Environmental Policy and the role of a network of transnational cooperation, ICLEI, within that process. Modern society has emphasized the need for development, in a search for an ideal society increasingly structured, advanced, economically prepared, democratic, politically consolidated and ecologically less vulnerable. This context has intensified since the advent of globalization, which provided an increasingly intense dissemination of ideas, political models, beliefs, ideologies and knowledge. It provided communication between very distant societies and has led to a spread of environmental impacts, which do not respect geographical boundaries, economic, cultural and social. This development model, pursued mainly by underdeveloped or developing countries, is now being questioned by scientists who have shown negative consequences increasingly prominent. And before these risks of modernity, the academic community and the lay community have spent defending a need for state intervention in the process of facing the environmental problems. Thus, public policies have gained prominence, legitimacy and importance. However, still inserted in extractive development model, intensive, industrial, capitalist, these policies do not have the strength that potentially would have, and my interest in this context arises. The communication among scientists, decision makers and laymen appears fragile and presents a need to intensify these relationships by understanding the role each plays, and the links established in practice. In public policy development through this context, it shows necessarily a contribution from the public sphere, science and decision makers, each with its powers, defending their individual and group interests in this complex decision-making process, generating solutions more effective, democratic and sustainable. The prospect of Environmental Science is referenced in this work because of it s importance during the process of solidification of environmental discussions. Thus, I make a brief exposition of this construction and opinions about what was and is being built, seeking to contextualize the participation of science both in legitimizing environmental issues and participating in practical policy-making. It is through ICLEI who I seek a deeper understanding about the functioning of the construction of public policies, the materials used, the goals set, and principally the actors involved. Seeking to analyze the participation of the scientific community, the analysis part from a group that develops and applies public policy, to understand how this process occurs and compare it with the perspectives of other groups involved in the same goal. / No presente trabalho analiso o processo de participação da comunidade científica nas Políticas Ambientais, e o papel de uma rede de cooperação transnacional, o ICLEI, nesse processo. A sociedade moderna tem enfatizado muito a necessidade por desenvolvimento, na busca por um ideal de sociedade cada vez mais estruturada, avançada, economicamente preparada, democrática, politicamente consolidada e sustentável. Esse contexto se intensificou a partir da globalização, que proporcionou uma disseminação cada vez maior de ideias, modelos políticos, crenças, ideologias e conhecimentos. Assim como proporcionou a comunicação entre sociedades muito distantes, provocou também uma disseminação dos impactos ambientais, que não respeitam fronteiras geográficas, econômicas, culturais e sociais. Esse modelo de desenvolvimento passou a ser questionado por cientistas, que têm apontado consequências negativas cada vez mais eminentes. E diante desses riscos da modernidade, a comunidade acadêmica e a comunidade leiga têm defendido a necessidade de intervenção estatal no processo de enfrentamento dos problemas ambientais. Desta forma, as políticas públicas têm ganhado destaque, legitimidade e importância. Contudo, ainda inseridas no modelo de desenvolvimento extrativista intensivo, industrial, capitalista, essas políticas não têm a força que potencialmente teriam. A comunicação entre os cientistas, tomadores de decisão e leigos se apresenta frágil e surge uma demanda pelo aprofundamento dessas relações através da compreensão do papel de cada um, e dos vínculos estabelecidos na prática. Na elaboração de políticas públicas nesse contexto, se mostra necessária uma interação entre a esfera pública, científica e os tomadores de decisão, cada um com suas competências, defendendo seus interesses individuais e de grupo, gerando soluções mais eficazes, democráticas e sustentáveis. A perspectiva da Ciência Ambiental é utilizada nesta pesquisa pela importância que ganhou ao longo do processo de solidificação das discussões ambientais. Desta forma, faço uma breve exposição dessa construção e de opiniões a respeito do que vinha e vem sendo construído, e busco contextualizar a participação da ciência tanto na legitimação das questões ambientais como na participação concreta na elaboração de políticas públicas. É através do ICLEI que busco compreender mais aprofundadamente a construção de políticas públicas, os materiais utilizados, os objetivos traçados, e principalmente os atores envolvidos. Buscando analisar a participação da comunidade científica, investigo um grupo elaborador e aplicador de políticas públicas para compreender como esse processo ocorre e poder compará-lo com as perspectivas de outros grupos envolvidos no mesmo objetivo.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseVALG.pdf: 15363905 bytes, checksum: 6f54e09d7aff530f4a3c584433b85dc3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-29 / The theme of this research is the conformation of the new production of science, especially that realized in the ambit of the seven National Institutes of Science and Technology of São Carlos (city of the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil). From the theoretical point of view, this study is part of the field of Social Studies of Science and Technology, seeking in the Sociology of Science theoretical elements that allow us to understand the complexities of the new modes of producing scientific knowledge. The research was guided by the following question: do the science, technology and innovation indicators of the São Carlos’ INCTs point to changes in the form of production of science after its implementation? The hypotheses were that the São Carlos’ INCTs provided: a) the strengthening of university interaction with the productive sector and the transfer of knowledge produced; and b) the impact on society in terms of scientific education and dissemination of science. The general objective was to identify and evaluate ST&I indicators of the São Carlos’ INCTs, which allowed examining the dynamics of knowledge production and the scientific, educational and social impacts achieved since the implementation of this Program in São Carlos. The following specific objectives were also established: 1) to seek in the theoretical framework of Sociology of Science elements that allow to understand the organization of the scientific community, the forms of production of knowledge and the policies of science, technology and innovation; 2) to describe the profile of the INCTs, placing them in the main teaching and research institutions of São Carlos-SP; 3) analyze the dynamics of the INCTs from five dimensions: advancement of knowledge; Networking; Transfer of knowledge to society; Advancement of competence and internationalization; 4) to analyze the scientific and technological production and networks of scientific collaboration of the principal investigators of the INCTs; 5) identify the practice, results and impact of education and scientific dissemination within the scope of the INCTs; and 6) present the coordinators’ perception of this new configuration and organization of science and its impacts on society. The research is an exploratory and descriptive case study developed based on quantitative and qualitative approaches, through bibliometric and scientometric analyzes, social networks analysis, and the analysis of the perceptions of the coordinators obtained with the questionnaire. The methodological procedures involved data collection from different sources (Curriculum Lattes, Project Monitoring Reports and other documents) and questionnaire application to the INCT coordinators. Among the main results obtained are the high index of international bibliographic production published by the INCT in the period between 2009 and 2013, with emphasis on scientific articles and works in events; the training of human resources and the involvement with activities of education and scientific dissemination, particularly in the INCTs of USP. The evaluation of the INCTs in the view of the coordinators was that these programs produced important results in terms of advancement of knowledge, training of human resources, transfer of knowledge to society, internationalization, diffusion and scientific education, contributing to society in the solution of health problems, security and energy, the environment and learning and education. / O tema desta pesquisa é a conformação da nova produção da ciência, especialmente aquela realizada no âmbito dos sete Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia de São Carlos (cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil). Do ponto de vista teórico a realização deste estudo insere-se no campo dos Estudos Sociais da Ciência e da Tecnologia buscando na Sociologia da Ciência elementos que permitam compreender as complexidades dos novos modos de produção do conhecimento científico. A pesquisa foi norteada pela seguinte questão: os indicadores de CT&I dos INCTs de São Carlos apontam mudanças na forma de produção da ciência após a sua implantação? As hipóteses aventadas foram que os INCTs de São Carlos propiciaram: a) o fortalecimento da interação da universidade com o setor produtivo e a transferência do conhecimento produzido e b) o impacto na sociedade em termos de educação cientifica e divulgação da ciência. O objetivo geral foi identificar e avaliar indicadores de CT&I dos INCTs de São Carlos que permitiram examinar a dinâmica da produção do conhecimento e os impactos científicos, educacionais e sociais alcançados a partir da implantação deste Programa em São Carlos. Constituíram-se ainda como objetivos específicos: 1) buscar no referencial teórico da Sociologia da Ciência elementos que permitam compreender a organização da comunidade científica, as formas de produção do conhecimento e as políticas de ciência, tecnologia e inovação; 2) descrever o perfil dos INCTs situando-os nas principais instituições de ensino e pesquisa de São Carlos-SP; 3) analisar a dinâmica dos INCTs a partir de cinco dimensões: avanço do conhecimento; formação de redes; transferência de conhecimentos para a sociedade; avanço da competência e internacionalização; 4) analisar a produção científica e tecnológica e as redes de colaboração científica dos pesquisadores principais dos INCTs; 5) identificar a prática, os resultados e o impacto da educação e divulgação científica no âmbito dos INCTs e 6) apresentar a percepção dos coordenadores quanto a essa nova configuração e organização da ciência e seus impactos na sociedade. A pesquisa é um estudo de caso de cunho exploratório e descritivo desenvolvido com base em abordagens quantitativas e qualitativas, por meio de análises bibliométrica e cientométrica, de redes sociais, e da análise das percepções dos coordenadores obtidas com o questionário. Os procedimentos metodológicos envolveram coleta de dados em diferentes fontes (Currículo Lattes, Relatórios de Acompanhamento de Projetos e outros documentos) e aplicação de questionário aos coordenadores dos INCTs. Entre os principais resultados obtidos destacam-se o alto índice de produção bibliográfica internacional publicada pelos INCTs no período entre 2009 e 2013, com destaque para os artigos científicos e trabalhos em eventos; a formação de recursos humanos e o envolvimento com as atividades de educação e divulgação científica, particularmente nos INCTs da USP. A avaliação dos INCTs na visão dos coordenadores foi que esses Programas produziram resultados importantes em termos de avanço do conhecimento, formação de recursos humanos, transferência do conhecimento para a sociedade, internacionalização, difusão e educação científica, contribuindo com a sociedade na solução de problemas de saúde, segurança e energia, ao meio ambiente e à aprendizagem e educação.

[ES] El Gobierno Abierto es un modo de política pública que se basa en los pilares de colaboración y participación ciudadana, transparencia y rendición de cuentas y derecho de acceso a la información pública. De la mano de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, gobiernos y administraciones llevan a cabo iniciativas de apertura de datos, movimiento conocido como Open Data (Datos Abiertos). Las plataformas digitales donde estas entidades ponen a disposición de la sociedad civil los datos son conocidas como portales de datos abiertos. Se trata de fuentes de información donde los conjuntos de datos son potencialmente reutilizables, con cualquier fin y sin ningún tipo de restricción, únicamente de referencia de autoría de los datos. La comunidad científica, personal altamente cualificado dentro de la sociedad, pueden llegar a ser reutilizadores potenciales de estas fuentes de información. El producto derivado se traduce en producción científica: artículos, usos de datos abiertos en proyectos de investigación, comunicaciones y docencia. Este estudio aborda, por una parte, el conocimiento que tienen los investigadores e investigadoras acerca de los datos abiertos. Por otra, el uso y la reutilización de los datos abiertos para generar conocimiento científico. Para llevar a cabo el estudio se ha desarrollado una metodología cuantitativa. Se ha elaborado una encuesta, distribuida en un bloque inicial de contexto con 6 preguntas y 6 bloques de carácter técnico con 24 preguntas, es decir, un cuestionario con 30 preguntas. Se obtienen un total de 783 respuestas, procedentes de 34 provincias españolas. Los investigadores e investigadoras proceden de 47 universidades españolas y 21 centros de investigación, y existe representación 19 áreas de investigación de la Agencia Estatal de Investigación. Con los datos obtenidos a través de esta metodología cuantitativa, se procesan, se normalizan y se lleva a cabo un análisis. Además, con los datos se desarrolla una plataforma para visualizar los resultados de la encuesta. / [CA] El Govern Obert és una mena de política basada en els pilars de col·laboració i participació ciutadana, transparència i rendició de comptes i dret d'accés a la informació pública. De la mà de les tecnologies de la informació i de la comunicació, els governs i les administracions duen a terme iniciatives d'apertura de dades, moviment conegut com Open Data (Dades Obertes). Les plataformes digitals, on aquestes entitats posen a disposició de la societat civil les dades, són conegudes com portals de dades obertes. Es tracta de fonts d'informació on els conjunts de dades són potencialment reutilitzables, amb qualsevol fi i sense cap mena de restricció, únicament de referència d'autoria de les dades. La comunitat científica, personal altament qualificat dins de la societat, poden arribar a ser reutilizadors potencials d'aquestes fonts d'informació. El producte derivat es tradueix en producció científica: articles, usos de dades obertes en projectes d'investigació, comunicacions i docència. Aquest estudi aborda, per una banda, el coneixement que tenen els investigadors i investigadores sobre les dades obertes; per una altra, l'ús i la reutilització de les dades obertes per a generar coneixement científic. Per a dur a terme l'estudi s'ha desenvolupat una metodologia quantitativa. S'ha elaborat una enquesta, distribuïda en un bloc inicial de context, amb 6 preguntes i 6 blocs de caràcter tècnic amb 24 preguntes, és a dir, un qüestionari amb 30 preguntes. S'obtenen un total de 783 respostes, procedents de 34 províncies espanyoles. Els investigadors i investigadores procedeixen de 47 universitats espanyoles i 21 centres de recerca, i existeix representació de 19 àrees de recerca de l'Agència Estatal de Recerca. Amb les dades obtingudes a través d'aquesta metodologia quantitativa es processen, es normalitzen i es duu a terme una anàlisi. A més, amb les dades, es desenvolupa una plataforma per a visualitzar els resultats de l'enquesta. / [EN] Open Government is a mode of public policy that is based on the pillars of collaboration and citizen participation, transparency and accountability, and right of access to public information. Hand in hand with information and communication technologies, governments and administrations carry out initiatives to open data, a movement known as Open Data. The digital platforms, where these entities make the data available to civil society, are known as Open data portals. These are sources of information where the data sets are potentially reusable, for any purpose and without any type of restriction, only for reference of authorship of the data. The scientific community, highly qualified personnel within society, can become potential re-users of these information sources. The by-product translates into scientific production: articles, uses of open data in research projects, communications and teaching. This study addresses, on the one hand, the knowledge that researchers have about open data; on the other, the use and reuse of open data to generate scientific knowledge. In order to carry out the study, a quantitative methodology has been developed. A survey has been prepared, distributed in an initial block of context with 6 questions and 6 technical blocks with 24 questions, that is, a questionnaire with 30 questions. A total of 783 responses were obtained, from 34 Spanish provinces. The researchers come from 47 Spanish universities and 21 research centers, and 19 research areas of the State Research Agency are represented. The data obtained through this quantitative methodology are processed, normalized and analyzed. In addition, a platform is developed with the data, in order to visualize the results of the survey. / Vidal Cabo, C. (2022). Conocimiento, uso y reutilización de los datos abiertos en la ciencia española [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/184664 / TESIS

Das Dokument ist das Ergebnis eines gut zweijährigen Dialogprozesses mit der Forschungscommunity, in dem Grundsätze und Leitlinien für eine zukunftsorientierte Forschungspolitik erarbeitet wurden. Damit wird das Selbstverständnis der Forschung in Sachsen als freie, nutzerorientierte und innovative Säule der Wissenschaft dokumentiert. Das Weißbuch ermöglicht eine weitere Stärkung des erfolgreichen, leistungsstarken und transformationsfähigen Forschungsökosystems im Freistaat Sachsen. Die Leitlinien bilden ein Gerüst für einen flexiblen Handlungsrahmen und geben Orientierung bei forschungspolitischen Entscheidungen. Redaktionsschluss: 31.10.2023

Das Dokument ist das Ergebnis eines gut zweijährigen Dialogprozesses mit der Forschungscommunity, in dem Grundsätze und Leitlinien für eine zukunftsorientierte Forschungspolitik erarbeitet wurden. Damit wird das Selbstverständnis der Forschung in Sachsen als freie, nutzerorientierte und innovative Säule der Wissenschaft dokumentiert. Das Weißbuch ermöglicht eine weitere Stärkung des erfolgreichen, leistungsstarken und transformationsfähigen Forschungsökosystems im Freistaat Sachsen. Die Leitlinien bilden ein Gerüst für einen flexiblen Handlungsrahmen und geben Orientierung bei forschungspolitischen Entscheidungen. Redaktionsschluss: 31.10.2023

當代文獻對知識創生的討論，多集中在知識的有效移轉與管理，較少由組織集體能力的養成觀點，進行探討。然而，隨著全球化與網際網路的興起，跨組織疆界的研發創新，已不能僅單純由知識有效移轉的角度觀察，而必須由分散式組織的管理，由社群實務的觀點，進行討論。尤其，跨領域科學家的專業社群，不但深富高度的知識涵量，更經常能因應環境的動態變化，產生突破性創新成就，而具有重要研究價值。本研究以台灣著名科學社群─「無線奈米生醫團隊」為調查田野，並由這個科學社群特殊的知識能力養成(organizational knowledgeability）著手，分析社群成員的工作脈絡，以掌握社群組織如何持續有效創生知識。 研究發現，科研知識養成的基本功、察覺使用者創新需求的敏銳度、巧妙橋接內外部資源的中介能力、以及持續參與專業社群運作的社群力，構成集體能力養成的重要內涵。從實踐社群（CoP）的觀點來看，這四種能力的養成過程，正是一個科學新手逐步蛻變為創新高手的能力累積；更是他由合法的社群周邊參與，逐步進階到核心社群決策的進程。 創新不是天分，而是養分。當一個科研人才，一個科研團隊，能不斷取得來自專業學術社群的知識養分，他就能源源不絕，產生創新知識。而這也正是所謂頂級發表的內涵。一篇好的專業學術發表，他體現的價值不但是專業學術社群的肯定而已，更是個人或團隊能力累積的極致成就。本研究最後則探討本案例對社群實務的知識創生與研發創新文獻上的啟示，並點出對科學團隊與研發機構的實務意涵。 / Nowadays, product or service innovation often requires highly specialized experts to work closely, such as the design of computer server or performing a cardiovascular surgery. Studies of knowledge creation put more focus on knowledge management and knowledge transfer. However, we know relatively little about how distributed organizations, such as experts communities create knowledge. This study focuses on a top-performing scientific community—the Wireless Health Advanced Monitoring Bio-Diagnosis System (WHAM-BioS) in Taiwan. This team consists of leading scientists from nano-technology, bio-technology, information technology and network communications from different scientific disciplines. This study aims to examine their knowing practices of scientific invention. This research will contribute to theories on knowledge creation through the lens of practice. By analyzing the organizational knowledgeability, this paper suggests organizations reconsider the knowing of cross raining ( or learning by doing)，sensitivity of users’ painpoints, brokering resources and participating in tier one academic communities as the collective capabilities of scientific community. These four elements as five organizing capabilities will contribute to the knowledge creation and community of practices literatures.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:16:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4170.pdf: 4015675 bytes, checksum: d248ba4e60525aa51c07c9f7718b29d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-29 / The theme of this research is scientific communication - especially that of scientific events - considered from the perspective of a scientific community in particular. The theoretical framework is anchored in social studies of science, assuming the assumptions of the sociology of science - in particular the views of "academic science" and "post-academic science" on the scientific community - and scientific communication coming from the Information Science. The research question can be expressed in the following question: what is the meaning that events take science to the scientific community UFSCar according to the different areas and contexts of production and post-academic science academic? This question led to the following hypothesis: the areas of knowledge have different communication patterns of knowledge and these are determined by the specific fields of scientific and production contexts of science. The research aimed to understand the meaning of the scientific community UFSCar attaches to scientific events in different contexts of production of science and specific objectives: a) describe the profile of the scientific community UFSCar composed of researchers from different fields of knowledge; b) analyze the vision of researchers about the meaning of scientific events. From the methodological point of view, this is an exploratory - descriptive study with explanatory features. The approach of the problem is quantitative and qualitative. The target population for the survey consisted of 324 rechearchers, selected from a stratified random sample of an initial universe of 906 UFSCar s teachers until July 2010. The instruments of data collection were the questionnaire online and scriptLattes computational tool used to collect the scientific production of the participants. The empirical data of the survey were categorized and analyzed under the lights of Sociology of Science and Information Science. Because this was an exploratory study, statistical analysis consisted of descriptive study with use of numerical tables and averages. Indicators of scientific production (2008-2010) were subjected to scientometric and bibliometric analysis. The research concludes with a set of results that demonstrate specific features of different areas of knowledge of UFSCar compared the patterns of scientific communication - in particular scientific events, and also highlights specific features of the scientific modes of knowledge production "academic" and "post-academic science". / O tema desta pesquisa é a comunicação científica especialmente a dos eventos científicos - considerada sob a perspectiva de uma comunidade científica em particular. A fundamentação teórica está ancorada nos Estudos Sociais da Ciência, assumindo os pressupostos da Sociologia da Ciência em particular as visões de ciência acadêmica e ciência pós-acadêmica sobre a comunidade científica e da comunicação científica oriunda da Ciência da Informação. A questão de pesquisa pode ser expressa na seguinte pergunta: qual o significado que os eventos científicos assumem para a comunidade científica da UFSCar de acordo com as diferentes áreas e contextos de produção da ciência acadêmica e pós-acadêmica? Esta questão conduziu à seguinte hipótese: as áreas de conhecimento possuem diferentes padrões de comunicação do conhecimento e esses são determinados pelas especificidades dos campos científicos e dos contextos de produção da ciência. A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral compreender o significado que a comunidade científica da UFSCar atribui aos eventos científicos nos diferentes contextos de produção da ciência e como objetivos específicos: a) descrever o perfil da comunidade científica da UFSCar composta por pesquisadores de diferentes áreas de conhecimento; b) analisar a visão desses pesquisadores sobre o significado dos eventos científicos. Do ponto de vista metodológico, trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo e de cunho explicativo com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. A população alvo da pesquisa foi constituída por 324 pesquisadores, selecionados a partir de uma amostra aleatória estratificada de um universo inicial de 906 docentes da UFSCar até julho de 2010. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram: o questionário online e a ferramenta computacional scriptLattes utilizada para coletar a produção científica dos participantes. Os dados empíricos da pesquisa foram categorizados e analisados à luz dos referenciais teóricos da Sociologia da Ciência e da Ciência da Informação. Por se tratar de um estudo exploratório, a análise estatística constituiu-se em estudo descritivo com utilização de tabelas e médias numéricas. Os indicadores da produção científica (período 2008-2010) foram objeto de análise bibliométrica e cientométrica. A pesquisa finaliza com um conjunto de resultados que evidenciam especificidades das diferentes áreas do conhecimento da UFSCar em relação os padrões de comunicação científica em particular dos eventos científicos, além de evidenciar características específicas das práticas científicas nos modos de produção de conhecimento acadêmico e pós-acadêmico .